CN104692492B - A kind of reverse osmosis desalination device based on organic Rankine bottoming cycle - Google Patents
A kind of reverse osmosis desalination device based on organic Rankine bottoming cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104692492B CN104692492B CN201510108122.7A CN201510108122A CN104692492B CN 104692492 B CN104692492 B CN 104692492B CN 201510108122 A CN201510108122 A CN 201510108122A CN 104692492 B CN104692492 B CN 104692492B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of reverse osmosis desalination device based on organic Rankine bottoming cycle, comprise organic rankine cycle system and reverse osmosis system; Organic rankine cycle system comprises the vaporizer, decompressor, condenser, the working medium pump that are communicated with successively, the outlet evaporator inlet of working medium pump; Reverse osmosis system comprises the high-pressure pump, recuperator, reheater, the reverse osmosis membrane that are connected successively, and the fresh water that reverse osmosis membrane produces enters fresh-water tank storage, strong brine drains into strong brine case; Described waste heat for supplying pipeline is connected with the waste heat pipeline of reheater by a branch line, and branch line is provided with motor-driven control valve; Described vaporizer, condenser and reheater are convective heat transfer device.The power of the present invention using industrial exhaust heat as reverse osmosis seawater desalting process, achieves the high efficiente callback to waste heat; Raw material seawater is preheated to reverse osmosis membrane optimum temps simultaneously, reverse osmosis membrane is run all the time under optimum temps, effectively extends the work-ing life of reverse osmosis membrane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reverse osmosis desalination device, particularly relate to a kind of reverse osmosis desalination device based on organic Rankine bottoming cycle, belong to industrial energy saving field.
Background technology
Water resources is all basic substances produced, live of human society, does not have water and water resources just not to have the mankind.Since 21 century, water resources problems has become puzzlement countries in the world economy and the important restraining factors of of social development.Partial area lack of water solution that current countries in the world are commonly used has long-range water transfer, underground water intake, construction reservoir etc.; but life-time service causes numerous drawbacks such as water resources exhaustion, waste soil, land subsidence and destruction ecology; can not fundamentally solve fresh water crisis, the Sustainable development of water resources cannot be realized.
Desalination technology, through the development of decades, has become the preferred plan of the solution lack of water of generally acknowledging in the world.Sea water desaltination not only can increase fresh water total amount, and not by space-time and weather effect.The main method of current sea water desaltination has distillation method, electroosmose process and reverse osmosis method etc.Wherein, Reverse-osmosis Seawater Desalination Technology has the technical superioritys such as, strong adaptability little, simple to operate without the need to heating, less energy consumption, operational process continous-stable, equipment volume, therefore obtains extensive research and extension.
Reverse osmosis desalination technology utilizes high-pressure pump raw material seawater to be pressurizeed, make the working pressure that its pressure reaches required, then make the raw material seawater after pressurization flow in reverse osmosis membrane pressurized vessel to be separated, part through reverse osmosis membrane becomes fresh water, and the strong brine not through reverse osmosis membrane is then discharged with high pressure.In recent years, the correlation techniques such as the preconditioning technique of reverse osmosis membrane technology, seawater, the recovery technology of high-pressure thick salt solution all obtain significant progress, the production cost of reverse osmosis seawater desalting is constantly declined, but the energy consumption of the life-span of reverse osmosis membrane and high-pressure pump still constrain the further genralrlization of reverse osmosis seawater desalting.Reverse osmosis membrane is semi-permeable membranes, expensive, the life-span is not long, about has the decay of 50% every year; And due to the resistance of reverse osmosis membrane large, need in therefore running to use high-pressure pump to continue to provide power.
Contain plurality of inorganic salt class in seawater, hardness is very high, likely can cause the fouling of transport pipe, and the suspended substance, colloidalmaterial, microbial bacterial etc. in seawater all can impact the filter effect of reverse osmosis membrane, therefore must carry out pre-treatment to seawater and obtain raw material seawater, just can carry out osmosis filtration.Pretreatment process comparatively advanced is at present the membrane technique such as micro-filtration and nanofiltration, the colloidal solid in seawater and bacterial number can be reduced several order of magnitude, and remove seawater hardness and total dissolved solidss; Thus avoid various impurity to block reverse osmosis membrane and pipeline, improve working pressure and the filtration velocity of sea-water reverse osmose.
The working pressure of reverse osmosis membrane assembly is generally 5.0 ~ 6.9MPa, and the pressure of the strong brine of discharging from membrane module is also up to 4.8 ~ 6.7MPa, and this part pressure energy has huge recovery potentiality and economic implications.Recuperator mainly contains two kinds of structures: turbine turbine type and pressure exchanger.The strong brine rotary turbine that the turbine type recuperator of early application utilizes pressure higher, then by transmission mechanism by its energy transport to raw material seawater, energy recovery efficiency is 50% ~ 80%.In recent years the pressure exchanger put it over utilizes turning unit directly to contact with high-pressure thick salt solution, directly conducts to raw material seawater by pressure by strong brine, and energy recovery rate is up to more than 90%, and the energy expenditure of ton water is only 2.6kWh.Pressure in high-pressure thick salt solution can be recycled by recuperator, thus significantly reduces sea water desaltination cost.
At present, the residual heat resources of countries in the world have a large capacity and a wide range, and relate to multiple industrial circle, such as industrial gaseous waste preheating, fume afterheat, weary gas waste heat etc.The industrial waste heat resource total amount of China, up to 800,000,000 tons of mark coals, accounts for China's total energy consumption about 30%.These residual heat resources cannot be recycled and waste, unfortunately.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide a kind of reverse osmosis desalination device based on organic Rankine bottoming cycle, have carried out effective recycling to industrial exhaust heat, and reduce further energy consumption and the cost of reverse osmosis seawater desalting.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Based on a reverse osmosis desalination device for organic Rankine bottoming cycle, comprise waste heat for supplying pipeline and raw material seawater water supply line, also comprise organic rankine cycle system and reverse osmosis system; Described organic rankine cycle system comprises and the vaporizer of waste heat for supplying pipeline communication, the decompressor be connected with the organic working medium pipe outlet of vaporizer, the condenser be connected with expander outlet, the working medium pump that is connected with the organic working medium pipe outlet of condenser, the organic working medium entrance of the outlet vaporizer of working medium pump; Described vaporizer is also provided with for the waste heat pipeline with organic working medium heat exchange, and described condenser is also provided with for the raw material seawater pipeline with organic working medium heat exchange;
Described reverse osmosis system comprises the high-pressure pump be connected with the raw material seawater pipe outlet of condenser, the raw material seawater outlet of high-pressure pump is connected with the raw material seawater pipeline of recuperator, the raw material seawater pipeline of reheater successively, and the raw material seawater pipe outlet of reheater connects reverse osmosis membrane; The water outlet of reverse osmosis membrane connects fresh-water tank, and the strong brine outlet of reverse osmosis membrane connects the entrance of recuperator strong brine pipeline, and the outlet of recuperator strong brine pipeline connects strong brine case; Described waste heat for supplying pipeline is also connected with the waste heat pipeline of reheater by a branch line, described branch line is provided with the motor-driven control valve for regulating waste heat flow.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the seawater temperature in described reheater seawater pipeline exit is 38 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the seawater temperature in described reheater seawater pipeline exit is 42 DEG C.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the waste heat pipeline communication of described vaporizer is to waste heat discharge tube A, and the waste heat pipeline communication of reheater is to waste heat discharge tube B.
Further improvement of the present invention is: described vaporizer, condenser and reheater are convective heat transfer device.
Further improvement of the present invention is: described recuperator is pressure exchanger.
Further improvement of the present invention is: the energy recovery rate of described recuperator is greater than 80%, and salt rejection ratio is greater than 95%.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the technical progress that the present invention obtains is:
The invention provides a kind of reverse osmosis desalination device based on organic Rankine bottoming cycle, power using industrial exhaust heat as reverse osmosis seawater desalting process, desalting process less energy consumption, easy to operate, water production rate is high, desalinating cost significantly reduces, have a good application prospect, suitability for industrialized is promoted.
Industrial exhaust heat is converted into mechanical energy, is used as the power of reverse osmosis system by the present invention, achieves the high efficiente callback of the energy; Meanwhile, the present invention uses industrial exhaust heat to carry out preheating to raw material seawater, achieves the effective recycling of industrial exhaust heat, and reduce further the energy consumption of reverse osmosis system.The power that organic rankine cycle system produces directly uses as the driving power of reverse osmosis system high-pressure pump, reverse osmosis system plays stable effect to organic rankine cycle system, these two systems cooperatively interact, mutually gain, form a highly stable reverse osmosis desalination device.
The heat of industrial exhaust heat in the vaporizer of organic rankine cycle system absorb by lower boiling organic working medium, organic working medium is converted into steam and enters expander acting, thus drives reverse osmosis system to produce fresh water by dragging high-pressure pump.Apparatus of the present invention can make full use of low-grade energy and drive seawater to produce fresh water by reverse osmosis membrane, improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of the energy, achieve effective recycling of industrial exhaust heat, effectively reduce the energy consumption of desalting process.
The present invention carries out two step preheatings by condenser and reheater to raw material seawater, and the seawater temperature entering reverse osmosis membrane after preheating reaches 38 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C.Suitable raising raw material seawater temperature, effectively can reduce the viscosity of seawater, improves the permeability of reverse osmosis membrane, can not only improve reverse osmosis produced water speed, and also be highly profitable to the life-span of reverse osmosis membrane.For conventional reverse osmosis, raw material seawater temperature is higher than in 20 DEG C of situations, and often raise 1 DEG C, permeable amount can increase by 2% ~ 3%, effectively improves sea water filter effect.Instant invention overcomes the nonadjustable shortcoming of inflow temperature in conventional reverse osmosis sea water desalinating plant, ensure that reverse osmosis membrane works under being in best inflow temperature always, filter effect and filtration velocity all significantly improve, and substantially prolongs the work-ing life of reverse osmosis membrane, and then reduce the production cost of reverse osmosis seawater desalting.
The present invention also carries out pressure recovery by recuperator to the strong brine after reverse osmosis, use the secondary pressurized of pressure realization to raw material seawater of strong brine, effective recycling is carried out to energy, and reduce further the energy consumption of the reverse osmosis desalination device based on organic Rankine bottoming cycle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall schematic of the present invention;
Wherein, 1, waste heat for supplying pipeline, 2, waste heat discharge tube A, 3, vaporizer, 4, decompressor, 5, condenser, 6, working medium pump, 7, raw material seawater water supply line, 8, high-pressure pump, 9, recuperator, 10, reheater, 11, reverse osmosis membrane, 12, fresh-water tank, 13, strong brine case, 14, motor-driven control valve, 15, waste heat discharge tube B.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details:
Based on a reverse osmosis desalination device for organic Rankine bottoming cycle, comprise organic rankine cycle system and reverse osmosis system.Described organic rankine cycle system comprises vaporizer 3, decompressor 4, condenser 5 and working medium pump 6.Described vaporizer 3 and condenser 5 all can realize convective heat exchange.The organic working medium pipe outlet of described vaporizer 3 is communicated to decompressor 4 entrance, the outlet of decompressor 4 is connected with the organic working medium entrance of condenser 5, the organic working medium pipe outlet of condenser 5 is connected with the organic working medium entrance of vaporizer 3 by working medium pump 6, forms a circulation loop.Also be provided with the waste heat pipeline with organic working medium heat exchange in described vaporizer 3, in described condenser 5, be also provided with the raw material seawater pipeline with organic working medium heat exchange.
In vaporizer, lower boiling organic working medium absorb from industrial exhaust heat in waste heat for supplying pipeline 1 heat, be converted into working substance steam, then enter decompressor 4 expansion work and drive high-pressure pump 8 to run, exhaust steam after acting enter condenser 5 organic working medium pipeline, by realizing condensation to raw material seawater preheating, the organic working medium that condensation is got off sends organic working medium pipeline, the circulating and evaporating acting of vaporizer 3 back to after working medium pump 6 pressurizes, and continues to export energy drives high-pressure pump 8.
Organic working medium in organic rankine cycle system meets that cycle efficiency is high, heat transfer flow performance is good, the feature of safety and environmental protection.Organic working medium can be selected from the one in R11, R113, R123, R141B, R236EA, R245CA, R245FA, R365MFC, butane, Trimethylmethane, Skellysolve A, iso-pentane.
Described reverse osmosis system comprises high-pressure pump 8, recuperator 9, reheater 10, reverse osmosis membrane 11, fresh-water tank 12, strong brine case 13 and motor-driven control valve 14.Raw material seawater through condenser 5 preheating enters to the raw material seawater pipeline of recuperator 9 after high-pressure pump 8 is pressurizeed, the raw material seawater pipe outlet of recuperator 8 is connected to the raw material seawater entrance of reheater 10, the raw material seawater pipe outlet of reheater 10 is connected to reverse osmosis membrane 11, the water outlet of reverse osmosis membrane 11 connects fresh-water tank 12, the strong brine outlet of reverse osmosis membrane 11 connects the entrance of recuperator 9 strong brine pipeline, and the outlet of recuperator 9 strong brine pipeline connects strong brine case 13.The energy recovery rate of described recuperator 9 is greater than 80%, and salt rejection ratio is greater than 95%.
Described waste heat for supplying pipeline 1 also arranges a branch line, and this branch line is communicated to the waste heat entrance of reheater 10, and industrial exhaust heat carries out second-heating to raw material seawater in reheater 10.Described branch line is also provided with motor-driven control valve 14, by motor-driven control valve 14, the waste heat amount flowing into reheater 10 is regulated, thus the raw material seawater temperature after control second-heating is at 38 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C, makes the raw material seawater temperature-stable entering reverse osmosis membrane.
Working process of the present invention is:
Industrial exhaust heat from waste heat for supplying pipeline enters vaporizer, heats the organic working medium in vaporizer, and organic working medium is gasificated as the working substance steam of High Temperature High Pressure through heat exchange, and working substance steam enters decompressor acting, drives high-pressure pump to run.The exhaust steam that working substance steam produces after decompressor acting enter condenser, by with raw material seawater heat exchange and realize condensation, then after working medium pump pressurization, become liquid organic working medium, reenter vaporizer, circular flow.
Enter condenser through pretreated raw material seawater by raw material seawater water supply line and carry out a preheating, then after high-pressure pump is once pressurizeed, send into recuperator carry out secondary pressurized, to send into again in reheater, by with the heat exchange of industrial exhaust heat by raw material seawater second-heating to 38 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C, send into reverse osmosis membrane and carry out filtrations and desalinate; Isolated fresh water enters fresh-water tank and stores, and strong brine is got back in recuperator and reclaimed its pressure, then send into strong brine case stores.
The waste heat of being discharged by vaporizer is discharged by waste heat discharge tube A, and the waste heat of being discharged by reheater is discharged by waste heat discharge tube B.Waste heat discharge tube A, waste heat discharge tube B can be communicated to original afterheat exhausting system or be communicated to other residual neat recovering systems and recycle further.
Claims (2)
1., based on a reverse osmosis desalination device for organic Rankine bottoming cycle, comprise waste heat for supplying pipeline (1) and raw material seawater water supply line (7), it is characterized in that: comprise organic rankine cycle system and reverse osmosis system; Described organic rankine cycle system comprises the vaporizer (3) be communicated with waste heat for supplying pipeline (1), the decompressor (4) be connected with the organic working medium pipe outlet of vaporizer (3), exports the condenser (5) be connected, the working medium pump (6) be connected with the organic working medium pipe outlet of condenser (5) with decompressor (4), the organic working medium entrance of the outlet vaporizer (3) of working medium pump (6); Described vaporizer (3) is also provided with for the waste heat pipeline with organic working medium heat exchange, and described condenser (5) is also provided with for the raw material seawater pipeline with organic working medium heat exchange;
Described reverse osmosis system comprises the high-pressure pump (8) be connected with the raw material seawater pipe outlet of condenser (5), the raw material seawater outlet of high-pressure pump (8) is connected with the raw material seawater pipeline of recuperator (9), the raw material seawater pipeline of reheater (10) successively, and the raw material seawater pipe outlet of reheater (10) connects reverse osmosis membrane (11); The water outlet of reverse osmosis membrane (11) connects fresh-water tank (12), and the strong brine outlet of reverse osmosis membrane (11) connects the entrance of recuperator (9) strong brine pipeline, and the outlet of recuperator (9) strong brine pipeline connects strong brine case (13); Described waste heat for supplying pipeline (1) is also connected by the waste heat pipeline of a branch line with reheater (10), described branch line is provided with the motor-driven control valve (14) for regulating waste heat flow;
The seawater temperature in described reheater (10) seawater pipeline exit is 38 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C;
The waste heat pipeline communication of described vaporizer (3) is to waste heat discharge tube A(2), the waste heat pipeline communication of reheater (10) is to waste heat discharge tube B(15);
Described vaporizer (3), condenser (5) and reheater (10) are convective heat transfer device;
Described recuperator (9) is pressure exchanger;
The energy recovery rate of recuperator (9) is greater than 80%, and salt rejection ratio is greater than 95%.
2. a kind of reverse osmosis desalination device based on organic Rankine bottoming cycle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the seawater temperature in described reheater (10) seawater pipeline exit is 42 DEG C.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105488353B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-06-22 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Computational methods based on Organic Rankine Cycle driving reverse osmosis membrane production water characteristic |
| CN106186191A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-12-07 | 河北省电力勘测设计研究院 | Start and stop and the control method of reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is driven based on ORC |
| CN108821391A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-16 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of seawater desalination system by film method of no pretreating process |
| CN109133475A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-04 | 浙江氢谷新能源汽车有限公司 | Hydrogen from methyl alcohol Demineralized Water Production equipment |
| CN112576328A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-30 | 西安交通大学 | Power cycle water and electricity cogeneration system and method thereof |
| CN114777098A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-07-22 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Boiler system of thermal power plant and steam turbine power generation system with same |
| CN115259512B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2024-03-08 | 杭州智兴热电有限公司 | Equipment and process for improving reverse osmosis efficiency by heat recovery |
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