CN114777098A - Boiler system of thermal power plant and steam turbine power generation system with same - Google Patents
Boiler system of thermal power plant and steam turbine power generation system with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114777098A CN114777098A CN202210583831.0A CN202210583831A CN114777098A CN 114777098 A CN114777098 A CN 114777098A CN 202210583831 A CN202210583831 A CN 202210583831A CN 114777098 A CN114777098 A CN 114777098A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNQBEPDZQUOCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetyl chloride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)=O PNQBEPDZQUOCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G3/00—Steam superheaters characterised by constructional features; Details of component parts thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a boiler system of a thermal power plant and a steam turbine power generation system with the same. A thermal power plant boiler system comprising: an evaporator is installed in a flue at the tail of the boiler body, and high-temperature flue gas enters a hearth and then exchanges heat with the evaporator; the waste heat recovery circulation pipeline comprises an evaporator, an expansion unit, a condenser and a working medium pump which are in circulation connection, wherein a generator is coaxially arranged on the expansion unit. The waste heat recovery circulating pipeline is only connected in series with the multistage evaporator in the boiler body to obtain heat, the coupling degree is low, when equipment in the waste heat recovery circulating pipeline breaks down and needs to be maintained, the boiler body still can normally operate, a boiler system does not need to be shut down, and the normal operation of power generation work cannot be influenced. Only need when reforming transform to current boiler body install additional evaporimeter and waste heat recovery circulation pipeline can, can preheat recycle to the boiler system who has put into production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a boiler system of a thermal power plant and a steam turbine power generation system with the same.
Background
The heat loss of the boiler mainly comprises: smoke exhaust loss, gas incomplete combustion heat loss, solid incomplete combustion heat loss, heat dissipation loss and ash physical heat loss. Of these heat losses, the vast majority are flue gas losses. The heat loss of the exhaust gas is the heat loss generated by taking away a part of the heat from the exhaust gas of the boiler by the atmosphere after the exhaust gas is exhausted from the boiler. In general, the heat loss of exhaust gas from a boiler is in the range of 4% to 8%, and is susceptible to the influence of the container of exhaust gas, the temperature during exhaust gas, and the like. Generally, the temperature of the exhaust gas is controlled between 110 ℃ and 160 ℃ so that the tail part of the boiler is not corroded by low temperature.
In order to reduce the heat loss of exhaust smoke of a boiler in the prior art, a low-temperature economizer is additionally arranged on a low-temperature heating surface of the boiler and is coupled with a condensate system to form a low-temperature economizer waste heat utilization system, and the tail waste heat of the flue gas is transferred into condensate through waste heat utilization so as to achieve the purposes of expelling steam and improving economy.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the boiler waste heat recovery system and the boiler in the prior art are high in coupling degree and cannot be suitable for the boiler system in operation, so that the boiler system of the thermal power plant and the steam turbine power generation system with the same are provided.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a boiler system of a thermal power plant, including:
an evaporator is installed in a flue at the tail of the boiler body, and high-temperature flue gas enters a hearth and then exchanges heat with the evaporator;
the waste heat recovery circulation pipeline comprises an evaporator, an expansion unit, a condenser and a working medium pump which are in circulation connection, wherein a generator is coaxially arranged on the expansion unit.
Optionally, a superheater group, a reheater group, an air preheater and a dust remover are installed in the furnace chamber of the boiler body, and the evaporator is arranged between the air preheater and the dust remover.
Optionally, a low-temperature economizer is installed between the reheater and the air preheater.
Optionally, the superheater group comprises a low-temperature superheater and a final superheater, the reheater group comprises a low-temperature superheater and a final superheater, and the final superheater, the final reheater, the low-temperature superheater and the low-temperature reheater are sequentially arranged in the furnace of the boiler body.
Optionally, the temperature of the circulating medium in the waste heat recovery circulating pipeline is 110-160 ℃.
Optionally, a chimney is installed at the tail end of the hearth.
The invention also provides a steam turbine power generation system which is provided with the thermal power plant boiler system.
Optionally, still include the condenser, communicate between the cold side of condenser and the condenser and have the circulative cooling branch road.
Optionally, a steam-side outlet end of the final superheater is communicated with the high-pressure cylinder, and a steam-side outlet end of the final reheater is communicated with the intermediate-pressure cylinder.
Optionally, the generator is connected to an electric system of the thermal power plant to supply power to electric equipment in the thermal power plant.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a boiler system of a thermal power plant, which comprises: an evaporator is installed in a flue at the tail of the boiler body, and high-temperature flue gas enters a hearth and then exchanges heat with the evaporator; the waste heat recovery circulation pipeline comprises an evaporator, an expansion unit, a condenser and a working medium pump which are in circulation connection, wherein a generator is coaxially arranged on the expansion unit.
In the working process of the boiler system of the thermal power plant, water is heated by burning coal and is changed into steam. High-temperature flue gas generated by the fire coal flows in the hearth and is finally discharged out of the boiler body. When waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas in the boiler body is utilized, an evaporator is additionally arranged in a tail flue of the boiler body, the waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas is absorbed by the evaporator, heat is transferred to a working medium in a waste heat recovery circulation pipeline, the working medium after temperature rise drives an expansion unit to rotate to do work, the working medium releases energy, and then the working medium enters a condenser to be cooled and returns to the evaporator in a hearth through a working medium pump to complete circulation. The waste heat recovery circulating pipeline is only connected in series with the multistage evaporator in the boiler body to obtain heat, the coupling degree is low, when equipment in the waste heat recovery circulating pipeline breaks down and needs to be maintained, the boiler body still can normally operate, a boiler system does not need to be shut down, and the normal operation of power generation work cannot be influenced. When the existing boiler body is transformed, only the evaporator and the waste heat recovery circulating pipeline need to be additionally arranged, and the boiler system which is put into production can be preheated and recycled. And after the waste heat is utilized, the power is directly generated through the generator, the generator can be merged into the power utilization of the power plant to supply power to the electric equipment in the power plant, so that the use of the power grid in the power generation process is reduced, the electric energy output by the power generation system is increased, and the power on the internet is increased.
2. According to the boiler system of the thermal power plant, the boiler body is internally provided with the superheater group, the reheater group, the air preheater and the dust remover, and the evaporator is arranged between the air preheater and the dust remover. Through set up air heater before the evaporimeter, absorb the back in advance to this internal flue gas heat of boiler, can reduce the interior heat loss of stove, reduce exhaust gas temperature, improve boiler body's thermal efficiency, fuel saving. The flue gas heat of recycling evaporimeter in to this body of boiler absorbs once more, can carry out make full use of to the waste heat in the flue gas, and the temperature of the flue gas of greatly reduced boiler body output promotes boiler system's thermal efficiency, increases power generation system's online electric quantity.
3. The steam turbine power generation system further comprises a condenser, and a circulating cooling branch is communicated between the condenser and the cold side of the condenser. Through setting up the circulative cooling branch road, utilize partial comdenstion water among the power generation system to cool down the working medium in the condenser, utilize the cold energy to among the power generation system, need not from external input energy, can reduce power generation system's whole energy consumption, improve the generating efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power plant boiler system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a boiler body; 2. a finishing superheater; 3. a final reheater; 4. a low temperature superheater; 5. a low temperature reheater; 6. a low-temperature economizer; 7. an evaporator; 8. an air preheater; 9. a dust remover; 10. a chimney; 11. an expander unit; 12. a condenser; 13. a working medium pump; 14. a generator; 15. a pulverized coal inlet; 16. a feed water inlet; 17. an air inlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a boiler system of a thermal power plant according to the present embodiment, which includes: boiler body 1 and the waste heat recovery circulation pipeline that is arranged in retrieving the waste heat in the high temperature flue gas in boiler body 1.
An evaporator 7 is installed in a tail flue of the boiler body 1, high-temperature flue gas enters a hearth and then exchanges heat with the evaporator 7, and a pulverized coal inlet 15 is formed in the side wall of the hearth and used for adding pulverized coal into the boiler body 1 for combustion. Still install superheater group, reheat group, air heater 8 and dust remover 9 in boiler body 1's the furnace, evaporimeter 7 is located between air heater 8 and the dust remover 9, and the intercommunication has air inlet 17 on the air heater 8. The evaporator 7 is a heat exchange tube made of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant materials such as corrosion-resistant low-alloy carbon steel, composite steel and carbon steel with an enamel treated surface. In order to fully utilize the heat of the flue gas in the boiler body 1, a low-temperature economizer 6 is further installed between the reheater and the air preheater 8, and a water supply inlet 16 is communicated with the low-temperature economizer 6. The superheater group includes low temperature superheater 4 and final superheater 2, and the reheater group includes low temperature superheater 4 and final superheater 2, final reheater 3, low temperature superheater 4, low temperature reheater 5 set gradually in boiler body 1's furnace. The steam side outlet of the final superheater 2 is used to supply steam to the high pressure cylinder, and the steam side outlet of the final reheater 3 is used to supply steam to the intermediate pressure cylinder. The end of the hearth is provided with a chimney 10 for outputting smoke outwards.
Through set up low temperature economizer 6 and air heater 8 before evaporimeter 7, the waste heat of reuse evaporimeter 7 to the flue gas in the furnace absorbs after absorbing in advance, avoids setting up evaporimeter 7 and waste heat recovery circulation pipeline to produce the influence to the thermal efficiency of boiler body 1.
The waste heat recovery circulation pipeline comprises an evaporator 7, an expansion unit 11, a condenser 12 and a working medium pump 13 which are in circulation connection, and a generator 14 is coaxially arranged on the expansion unit 11. The temperature of the circulating medium in the waste heat recovery circulating pipeline is 110-160 ℃. Working media in the waste heat recovery circulating pipeline can be low-temperature dry working media such as pentafluoropropane (R245fa), trifluoroacetyl chloride (R113), isobutane (R600a) and the like, and other fluid media suitable for 110-160 ℃.
In the working process of the boiler system of the thermal power plant, water is heated by burning coal and is changed into steam. High-temperature flue gas generated by burning coal flows in the hearth and is finally discharged out of the boiler body 1. When the waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas in the boiler body 1 is utilized, the evaporator 7 is additionally arranged in the tail flue of the boiler body 1, the waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas is absorbed by the evaporator 7, the heat is transferred to the working medium in the waste heat recovery circulation pipeline, the heated working medium drives the expansion unit 11 to rotate to do work, the working medium releases energy, and the energy enters the condenser 12 to be cooled and then returns to the evaporator 7 in the hearth through the working medium pump 13 to complete circulation. The waste heat recovery circulation pipeline is only connected in series with the multistage evaporator 7 in the boiler body 1 to obtain heat, the coupling degree is low, when equipment in the waste heat recovery circulation pipeline breaks down and needs maintenance, the boiler body 1 can still normally operate, a boiler system does not need to be stopped, and the normal operation of power generation work cannot be influenced. Only need install evaporimeter 7 and waste heat recovery circulating line additional when reforming transform to current boiler body 1 can, can preheat the recycle to the boiler system who has put into production.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a steam turbine power generation system including the thermal power plant boiler system described in embodiment 1. The steam-side output end of the low pressure cylinder is sequentially provided with a condenser, a condensate pump, a low-pressure heater, a deaerator, a water feed pump and a high-pressure heater, and water output by the high-pressure heater is input into a boiler body 1 of a boiler system of a thermal power plant to be heated and then is input into the high-pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder to complete circulation. The steam side outlet end of the final superheater 2 is communicated with a high-pressure cylinder, and the steam side outlet end of the final reheater 3 is communicated with an intermediate pressure cylinder.
And a circulating cooling branch is communicated between the condenser and the cold side of a condenser 12 of the boiler system of the thermal power plant. The working medium in the condenser 12 is cooled by using part of condensed water in the power generation system, cold energy in the power generation system is utilized, energy does not need to be input from the outside, the overall energy consumption of the power generation system can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency is improved. A generator 14 which is coaxially connected with the expansion unit 11 in the boiler system of the thermal power plant is connected into an electric system of the thermal power plant to supply power for electric equipment in the thermal power plant. After the waste heat is utilized, the generator 14 directly generates electricity through the generator 14, the generator 14 is merged into power plant power, and power equipment in a power plant is supplied with power, so that the use of the power grid electric energy in the power generation process is reduced, the electric energy output by the power generation system is increased, and the internet electric quantity is increased.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A thermal power plant boiler system, comprising:
an evaporator (7) is installed in a tail flue of the boiler body (1), and high-temperature flue gas enters a hearth and then exchanges heat with the evaporator (7);
the waste heat recovery circulation pipeline comprises an evaporator (7), an expansion unit (11), a condenser (12) and a working medium pump (13) which are in circulation connection, wherein a generator (14) is coaxially installed on the expansion unit (11).
2. A boiler system in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that a group of superheaters, a group of reheaters, an air preheater (8) and a dust collector (9) are installed in the furnace of the boiler body (1), and the evaporator (7) is arranged between the air preheater (8) and the dust collector (9).
3. A heat-engine plant boiler system according to claim 2, characterized in that a low-temperature economizer (6) is installed between the reheater and the air preheater (8).
4. The thermal power plant boiler system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the superheater group comprises a low-temperature superheater (4) and a final superheater (2), the reheater group comprises a low-temperature superheater (4) and a final superheater (2), and the final superheater (2), the final reheater (3), the low-temperature superheater (4) and the low-temperature reheater (5) are sequentially arranged in a furnace of the boiler body (1).
5. The heat-engine plant boiler system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the circulating medium in the waste heat recovery circulating line is 110 ℃ to 160 ℃.
6. A thermal power plant boiler system according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a chimney (10) is installed at the end of the furnace.
7. A steam turbine power generation system characterized by having the heat-engine plant boiler system of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The steam turbine power generation system according to claim 7, further comprising a condenser, wherein a circulating cooling branch is communicated between the condenser and the cold side of the condenser (12).
9. The steam turbine power generation system according to claim 7, wherein the steam side outlet of the final superheater (2) is communicated with a high pressure cylinder, and the steam side outlet of the final reheater (3) is communicated with an intermediate pressure cylinder.
10. Steam turbine power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that the generator (14) is connected to the power plant for supplying power to the electrical consumers in the power plant.
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CN112524630A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | System for coupling, backheating and generating by using flue gas waste heat for combined boiler and steam turbine |
CN113803706A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-17 | 上海理工大学 | Power generation system based on hot air recycling utilizes boiler afterbody flue gas waste heat |
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2022
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JPS63253102A (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Compound generating system |
CN101021327A (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2007-08-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method of decreasing release of nitrogen oxide in the pulverized-coal fired boiler and its used boiler |
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