CN104690967A - Three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional printing method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional printing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104690967A CN104690967A CN201510054483.8A CN201510054483A CN104690967A CN 104690967 A CN104690967 A CN 104690967A CN 201510054483 A CN201510054483 A CN 201510054483A CN 104690967 A CN104690967 A CN 104690967A
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- printhead
- forming material
- dimensional printer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional printer and a three-dimensional printing method. The three-dimensional printer comprises multiple wire wheels, a printing head, a forming base, a movable motor component and a consumable supplying motor component, wherein each wire wheel is provided with a kind of imaging material, the printing head is used for extruding the imaging material, the consumable supplying motor component comprises multiple motors, each motor is used for driving the corresponding imaging material to be transferred into the printing head, wherein a wire changing device is arranged between the consumable supplying motor component and the printing head, multiple fiber material input ends and a fiber output end are arranged on the wire changing device, the fiber material output end is connected with the printing head, and the wire changing device is communicated with a guide hole between each fiber material input end and the fiber output end. The invention also provides the three-dimensional printing method applied to the three-dimensional printer. The guide holes are used for guiding fiber materials so as to improve imaging stability, the displacement of wires is avoided, and multi-color volume rendering can also be realized through the single printing head, and the three-dimensional printer is simple in structure and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional imaging field, particularly relate to a kind of three-dimensional printer and a kind of 3 D-printing method.
Background technology
3D printer, also known as three-dimensional printer, is a kind of machine utilizing rapid shaping technique, based on mathematical model file, adopts moulding material, constructs three-dimensional entity by the mode successively printed.Before printing, need to utilize microcomputer modelling software modeling, then the threedimensional model " subregion " built up is become cross section successively, namely cut into slices, thus instruct 3D printer successively to print.3D printer obtains a wide range of applications at product manufacturing industry, and the operation principle of 3D printer is substantially identical with conventional printer, is made up of Control Component, mechanical component, printhead, consumptive material (i.e. moulding material) and medium etc., prints principle also substantially similar.
Existing 3D printer mostly adopts unit, printhead, and when the model printed needs colour imaging, current common practice adds multiple printhead, extrudes different colours image forming material, then realize colour imaging by multiple printhead.But this printer cost with multiple printhead is higher; and multiple printhead is all arranged on a guide rod; make this guide rod larger by gravity; thus cause guide rod easily to deform; and then cause printing objects precision low; error is comparatively large, and multiple print head is also unfavorable for transport protection, easily suffers damage.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide the simple and colour imaging three-dimensional printer that stability is high of a kind of structure.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple to operate and colour imaging 3 D-printing method that stability is high.
In order to realize the first object of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of three-dimensional printer, three-dimensional printer comprises multiple wire rod wheel, printhead, molding seat, mobile motor assembly and consumptive material supply electric machine assembly, a wire rod wheel is wound with a kind of image forming material, printhead is used for extruding image forming material, molding seat is for carrying image forming material, mobile motor assembly is used for mobile print head, consumptive material supply electric machine assembly comprises multiple motor, a motor is transported in printhead for driving a kind of image forming material, wherein, three-dimensional printer is provided with wire-changing device between consumptive material supply electric machine assembly and printhead, wire-changing device is provided with multiple material inputs and a silk material output, silk material output is connected with printhead, wire-changing device is communicated with a guide hole between each material input and silk material output.
From such scheme, by offering multiple guide hole be connected between silk material input and silk material output in wire-changing device, by the control to consumptive material supply electric machine assembly, different colours or different types of wire rod is made to enter in printhead by guide hole, then colour imaging is realized, in wire-changing device, the advance and retreat that multiple guide hole guides imaging wire rod are offered owing to have employed, so be conducive to the stability improving imaging, avoid the dislocation of wire rod, also the pollution of extraneous dust can be avoided, make single printhead just can realize polychrome solid imaging by wire-changing device simultaneously, make three-dimensional printer structure of the present invention more simple low with cost.
Further scheme is, multiple guide hole is the distribution of branching shape ground.
Therefore, be connected with printhead owing to only having a silk material output, so need the distribution of guide hole to be set to branching shape, the offset of silk material input and silk material output can be reduced as much as possible by distributing in branching shape, thus the further smooth degree improving inlet wire or move back line, then improve Iimaging Stability.
Further scheme is, silk material input is provided with Teflon pipe.
Therefore, Teflon pipe has the features such as lower coefficient of friction, excellent resistance to bond, good anti-flammability, wire rod not only can be retreated from Teflon pipe swimmingly, and the wire rod be heated is not easy to be stained with Teflon pipe, further can improve the stability of imaging.
Further scheme is, printhead comprises nozzle and heater, and heaters set is outside nozzle, and silk material output is provided with installing hole, and installing hole is provided with locating hole along the radial direction of nozzle, and nozzle is arranged in installation position, and screw adjoins through locating hole and nozzle.
Therefore, screw can be used easily to realize nozzle by locating hole fixing.
Further scheme is, each guide hole is provided with position detecting device.
Therefore position when can be retreated to wire rod by position detecting device is detected, thus when can ensure switchable wire smoothly, two kinds of wire rods are avoided to be blocked in silk material output port.
In order to realize the second object of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of 3 D-printing method, wherein, three-dimensional printer comprises multiple wire rod wheel, printhead, molding seat, mobile motor assembly and consumptive material supply electric machine assembly, a wire rod wheel is wound with a kind of image forming material, printhead is used for extruding image forming material, molding seat is for carrying image forming material, mobile motor assembly is used for mobile print head, consumptive material supply electric machine assembly comprises multiple motor, a motor is transported in printhead for driving a kind of image forming material, three-dimensional printer is provided with wire-changing device between consumptive material supply electric machine assembly and printhead, wire-changing device is provided with multiple material inputs and a silk material output, silk material output is connected with printhead, wire-changing device is communicated with a guide hole between each material input and silk material output, 3 D-printing method comprises: the first motor drives the first image forming material to be input in printhead through the first guide hole, after printhead prints the first image forming material, first motor drives the first image forming material to leave printhead and returns to the restriction position in the first guide hole, second motor drives the second image forming material to be input in printhead through second guide hole, printhead prints the second image forming material.
From such scheme, after the first image forming material is printed, by controlling the first motor, the first image forming material is back shunk back along guide hole, and make the first image forming material move back to restriction position, recycling the second motor drives the second image forming material to enter into printhead along guide hole, then the switching of picture material color or kind is embodied as, thus realize the colorful imaging of single printhead, utilize in wire-changing device and offer the advance and retreat that multiple guide hole guides imaging wire rod, so be conducive to the stability improving imaging, avoid the dislocation of wire rod, also the pollution of extraneous dust can be avoided.
Further scheme is, after printhead prints the first image forming material, three-dimensional printer method also comprises: mobile motor assembly mobile print head changes position to image forming material.
Further scheme is, drive the second image forming material to be input to after in printhead through second guide hole at the second motor, three-dimensional printer method also comprises: printhead clears up the first image forming material.
Therefore, printhead is moved to image forming material change bit postpone, more remaining first image forming material is cleared up, then imaging is carried out to the second image forming material, be conducive to improving image quality.
Further scheme is, three-dimensional printer is provided with position detection and looks for device in each guide hole, drive the first image forming material to leave printhead at the first motor and return the qualifying bit postpone in the first guide hole, 3 D-printing method also comprises: position detecting device detects the first image forming material and whether arrives restriction position, limit position as the first image forming material arrives, then perform the second motor and drive the second image forming material to be input to the step of printhead through second guide hole.
Further scheme is, limits position, then wait for that the first motor drives the first image forming material to limiting position as the first image forming material does not arrive.
Therefore position when position detecting device can be retreated to wire rod is detected, thus when can ensure switchable wire smoothly, two kinds of wire rods are avoided to be blocked in silk material output port.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of three-dimensional printer first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of three-dimensional printer first embodiment of the present invention under another visual angle.
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of material wheel in three-dimensional printer first embodiment line of the present invention, consumptive material supply electric machine assembly and wire-changing device.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of wire-changing device in three-dimensional printer first embodiment line of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION figure of wire-changing device in three-dimensional printer first embodiment line of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of wire-changing device in three-dimensional printer first embodiment line of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of 3 D-printing embodiment of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the top view of wire-changing device in three-dimensional printer second embodiment line of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
Three-dimensional printer first embodiment:
See figures.1.and.2, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the structure chart of three-dimensional printer 1 under different visual angles.Three-dimensional printer 1 comprises housing 11, housing 11 surrounds the cavity for three-dimensional imaging, X-axis mobile motor 121 is installed in this cavity, Y-axis mobile motor 122 and Z axis mobile motor (sign), Z axis mobile motor is arranged on the bottom of cavity, Z axis mobile motor is connected with screw rod, also guide rod is installed at the diapire of cavity, guide rod is provided with Z axis traversing carriage 131, this Z axis traversing carriage 131 is provided with molding seat 132, because Z axis traversing carriage 131 engages with screw flight, so when Z axis mobile motor works, screw rod will be driven to rotate, then molding seat 132 is made to move in the Z-axis direction under the driving of Z axis mobile motor.
Y-axis mobile motor 122 is installed on the sidewalls of the cavities, sidewall is fixedly installed guide rod, guide rod is provided with Y-axis traversing carriage, Y-axis mobile motor is connected with Y-axis traversing carriage by belt, when Y-axis mobile motor 122 rotates, to be slided along guide rod by belt drive Y-axis traversing carriage, namely Y-axis traversing carriage moves in the Y-axis direction under the driving of Y-axis mobile motor 122.
Y-axis traversing carriage is provided with X-axis mobile motor 121 and two guide rods, and two guide rods are separately positioned on the both sides of X-axis mobile motor 121, and two guide rods are provided with printhead 14, consumptive material supply electric machine assembly and wire-changing device 2 (see Fig. 3).When X-axis mobile motor 121 rotates, will be slided along guide rod by belt drive printhead 14, namely printhead 14 moves in the X-axis direction under the driving of X-axis mobile motor 121.X-axis mobile motor 121, Y-axis mobile motor 122 and Z axis mobile motor constitute the mobile motor assembly of the present embodiment.
Housing 11 is provided with wire rod wheel 161 and wire rod wheel 162 on the outside of cavity, and wire rod wheel 161 is wound with silk material 151, and wire rod wheel 162 is wound with silk material 152, and silk material 151 and silk material 152 are all used for the image forming material of three-dimensional imaging as the present embodiment.
With reference to the connection diagram that Fig. 3, Fig. 3 are wire rod wheel, consumptive material supply electric machine assembly, wire-changing device 2 and printhead 14.The plane formed along this X-axis guide rod and Y-axis guide rod on two guide rods that consumptive material supply electric machine assembly, wire-changing device 2 and printhead 14 are installed in X-axis and integratedly moves.Consumptive material supply electric machine assembly comprises motor 171 and motor 172, because motor 171 is identical with motor 172 structure, so be described for motor 171 below.Motor 171 comprises driving wheel 181 and driven pulley 191, between driving wheel 181, driven pulley 191 is clamped with silk material 151, when driving wheel 181 rotates counterclockwise, silk can be expected 151 from top to down move, when driving wheel 182 turns clockwise, silk can be expected 151 move from bottom to up.In like manner, counterclockwise or when the turning clockwise of driving wheel of motor 172, silk can be expected 152 move from top to bottom or from bottom to up.After consumptive material supply electric machine assembly drives silk material 151 and silk material 152, silk can be expected 151 and silk material 152 be input to wire-changing device 2.
With reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, Fig. 4 is the structure chart of wire-changing device 2 and printhead 14, the sectional view of Fig. 5 to be the STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION figure of wire-changing device 2 and printhead 14, Fig. 6 be wire-changing device 2.Wire-changing device 2 comprises the first housing 21, second housing 22, Teflon pipe 23 and Teflon pipe 24, first housing 21 and the second housing 22 are made by metal material or plastic material, and the first housing 21 fastens in identical structurally mutually with the second housing 22, is described below with the label on the first housing 21 to wire-changing device 2 internal structure.
Wire-changing device 2 is provided with silk material input 211 and silk material output 212 in upper end, at wire-changing device 2, bottom is provided with silk material output 215, silk material input 211 and silk material output 212 are the circular groove that the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 offer respectively in upper end and surround, and the circular groove that silk material output 215 is offered in bottom by the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 is surrounded.Guide hole 213 is offered communicatively between silk material input 212 and silk material output 215, between silk material input 212 and silk material output 215, offer guide hole 214 communicatively, guide hole 213 and guide hole 214 are the circular groove that the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 offer respectively at middle part and surround.Guide hole 213 and guide hole 214 are arranged in its respective bottom with being interconnected, and guide hole 213 and guide hole 214 are distributed in Y type branching shape.On the position of upper end, position detecting device (not shown) is separately installed with at guide hole 213 and guide hole 214, the position detector that position detecting device can adopt laser detection etc. to commonly use, by position detecting device can to silk expect 151 and the position of silk material 152 detect, and the result feedback detected position is to the governor circuit of three-dimensional printer.
Silk material input 211 is provided with Teflon pipe 23, silk material input 212 is provided with Teflon pipe 24.Printhead comprises nozzle 142 and heater 141, and heater 141 is enclosed within outside nozzle 142, and heater 141 can heat the silk material in nozzle 142 and make silk material be heated to molten condition.Silk material output 215 is provided with installing hole, this installing hole is offered circular groove respectively by the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 bottom and surrounded, installing hole is provided with locating hole 25 and locating hole 26 along the radial direction of nozzle 142, when nozzle 142 is arranged on after in installation position, adjoin with nozzle 142 after two screws can be each passed through locating hole 25 and locating hole 26, then realize fixing of printhead 14.
During three-dimensional printer work, motor 171 drives silk material 151 to input from Teflon pipe 23, and successively through being input in nozzle 412 after Teflon pipe 23, guide hole 213, under the effect that heater 141 heats, silk material 151 is extrude in the bottom of nozzle 412 after molten condition and form 3D solid at molding seat 132.In addition, motor 172 drives silk material 152 to input from Teflon pipe 24, and successively through being input in nozzle 412 after Teflon pipe 24, guide hole 214, under the effect that heater 141 heats, silk material 152 is extrude in the bottom of nozzle 412 after molten condition and form 3D solid at molding seat 132, then realizes the imaging of polychrome 3D solid.
3 D-printing embodiment of the method:
With reference to the flow chart that Fig. 7, Fig. 7 are 3 D-printing methods.When three-dimensional printer 1 carries out 3 D-printing, first step S11 is performed, namely the first motor drives the first image forming material to be input in printhead through the first guide hole, perform step S12 subsequently, printhead is heated to molten condition to the first image forming material, and is extruded by the image forming material of molten condition form 3D solid on molding seat.After the first image forming material prints, then perform step S13, mobile motor assembly mobile print head changes position to image forming material, in order to avoid affecting imaging model, so image forming material change bit installs the position be set to away from imaging model, perform step S14 subsequently, the first motor drives the first image forming material to leave printhead, and the first image forming material is back shunk back along the first guide hole, finally the first image forming material is shunk back to restriction position.
Then perform determining step S15, position detecting device detects the first image forming material and whether arrives restriction position, limits position, then performing step S16, waiting for that the first motor drives the first image forming material to limiting position as the first image forming material does not arrive.
Position is limited as the first image forming material arrives, then perform step S17, second motor drives the second image forming material to be input in printhead through second guide hole, perform step S18 subsequently again, printhead clears up the first image forming material, particularly, remaining first image forming material, while input second image forming material, is changed position at image forming material and is extruded unnecessary image forming material by printhead.Finally perform step S19, printhead returns above imaging model, and printhead prints the second image forming material.
Therefore, after the first image forming material is printed, by controlling the first motor, the first image forming material is back shunk back along guide hole, and make the first image forming material move back to restriction position, recycling the second motor drives the second image forming material to enter into printhead along guide hole, then the switching of picture material color or kind is embodied as, thus realize the colorful imaging of single printhead, utilize in wire-changing device and offer the advance and retreat that multiple guide hole guides imaging wire rod, so be conducive to the stability improving imaging, avoid the dislocation of wire rod, also can avoid the pollution of extraneous dust.
But above-described embodiment is present pre-ferred embodiments, when practical application, more change can be had, such as wire-changing device can be provided with five silk material input ports, be that wire-changing device 3 is from silk material input port towards the structure chart wire rod output port visual angle with reference to Fig. 8, Fig. 8.Wire-changing device 3 is provided with five silk material input ports 31 in upper end, wire-changing device 3 is provided with silk material output port 32 in upper end, wherein four silk material input ports 31 are distributed in the outer part, another one silk material input port 31 is arranged on middle part, guide hole 33 is offered communicatively between each material input port 31 and wire rod output port 32, multiple guide hole 33 is arranged in its respective bottom with being interconnected, guide hole 33 is spatially distributed in wire-changing device 3 branching shape, utilizes wire-changing device 3 to be can realize object of the present invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. three-dimensional printer, comprises
Multiple wire rod wheel, a described wire rod wheel is wound with a kind of image forming material;
Printhead, described printhead is used for extruding described image forming material;
Molding seat, described molding seat is for carrying described image forming material;
Mobile motor assembly, described mobile motor assembly is used for mobile described printhead;
Consumptive material supply electric machine assembly, described consumptive material supply electric machine assembly comprises multiple motor, and a described motor is transported in described printhead for driving a kind of described image forming material;
It is characterized in that:
Described three-dimensional printer is provided with wire-changing device between described consumptive material supply electric machine assembly and described printhead, described wire-changing device is provided with multiple material inputs and a silk material output, described silk material output is connected with described printhead, and described wire-changing device is communicated with a guide hole between silk material input and described silk material output described in each.
2., according to described three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Multiple described guide hole is the distribution of branching shape ground.
3., according to described three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described silk material input is provided with Teflon pipe.
4., according to described three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described printhead comprises nozzle and heater, and described heaters set is outside described nozzle;
Described silk material output is provided with installing hole, and described installing hole is provided with locating hole along the radial direction of described nozzle, and described nozzle is arranged in described installation position, and screw adjoins through described locating hole and described nozzle.
5. the three-dimensional printer according to described any one of Claims 1-4, is characterized in that:
Described in each, guide hole is provided with position detecting device.
6. 3 D-printing method, is characterized in that:
Three-dimensional printer comprises multiple wire rod wheel, printhead, molding seat, mobile motor assembly and consumptive material supply electric machine assembly, a described wire rod wheel is wound with a kind of image forming material, described printhead is used for extruding described image forming material, described molding seat is for carrying described image forming material, described mobile motor assembly is used for mobile described printhead, described consumptive material supply electric machine assembly comprises multiple motor, a described motor is transported in described printhead for driving a kind of described image forming material, described three-dimensional printer is provided with wire-changing device between described consumptive material supply electric machine assembly and described printhead, described wire-changing device is provided with multiple material inputs and a silk material output, described silk material output is connected with described printhead, described wire-changing device is communicated with a guide hole between silk material input and described silk material output described in each,
Described 3 D-printing method comprises:
First motor drives the first image forming material to be input in described printhead through the first guide hole;
After described printhead prints described first image forming material;
Described first motor drives described first image forming material leave described printhead and return to the restriction position in described first guide hole;
Second motor drives the second image forming material to be input in described printhead through second guide hole;
Described printhead prints described second image forming material.
7., according to described three-dimensional printing method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that:
After described printhead prints described first image forming material, described three-dimensional printer method also comprises:
Described mobile motor assembly moves described printhead and changes position to image forming material.
8., according to described 3 D-printing method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that:
Drive described the second image forming material to be input to after in described printhead through described second guide hole at described second motor, described three-dimensional printer method also comprises:
Described first image forming material of described printhead cleaning.
9. the 3 D-printing method according to described any one of claim 6 to 8, is characterized in that:
Position detecting device is provided with in described three-dimensional printer guide hole described in each;
Drive described first image forming material leave described printhead and return the qualifying bit postpone in described first guide hole at described first motor, described 3 D-printing method also comprises:
Described position detecting device detects described first image forming material and whether arrives described restriction position, as as described in the first image forming material arrive described restriction position, then perform described second motor and drive described the second image forming material to be input to the step of described printhead through described second guide hole.
10., according to described 3 D-printing method according to claim 9, it is characterized in that:
As described in the first image forming material do not arrive as described in limit position, then wait for that the first motor drives described first image forming material to described restriction position.
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