CN104690138A - Magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point incremental forming device and incremental forming method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point incremental forming device and incremental forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104690138A CN104690138A CN201510090249.0A CN201510090249A CN104690138A CN 104690138 A CN104690138 A CN 104690138A CN 201510090249 A CN201510090249 A CN 201510090249A CN 104690138 A CN104690138 A CN 104690138A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point incremental forming device and an incremental forming method thereof. The device comprises an ultrasonic vibration system, a magnesium alloy plate single-point incremental forming system and a microcomputer control system, wherein a CAD model for parts to be processed is preset in the microcomputer control system; the ultrasonic vibration system comprises an ultrasonic generator, an energy converter, a frequency tracker and an amplitude-change pole; the ultrasonic generator is connected with the energy converter and the frequency tracker through data lines; the energy converter, the amplitude-change pole and a forming tool head are connected with one another in sequence; the single-point incremental forming system comprises an upper blank holder, a lower blank holder, a supporting device and the forming tool head; a plate to be processed is clamped through the upper blank holder and the lower blank holder; the forming tool head performs incremental forming under the control of the microcomputer control system. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, good forming performance, low load, high efficiency and the like, and is applicable to the processing of magnesium alloy parts with high precision and high surface quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of single-point progressive molding device and processing method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device and progressive molding method thereof.
Background technology
The progressive molding device that traditional magnesium alloy plate blank machining uses all be unable to do without mould, adopt the die forming production cycle long, and lack flexible, during product variations, just need again more mold exchange, this not only causes processing cost to occupy Gao Bu little, and extends the construction cycle of new product.
Material forming process technology constantly to lightweight, precision, high efficiency future development, will will become the developing direction of magnesium alloy plate blank without mould progressive molding.In fact, be widely applied in sheet material Plastic Forming field without mould single-point progressive molding technology, single-point progressive molding technology is also progressively applied to the processing and forming of magnesium alloy gradually.But the features such as magnesium alloy plasticity is at room temperature poor, and single-point progressive molding precision is low, limit the promotion and application of magnesium alloy single-point progressive molding technology.
Experimental results demonstrate, if apply the vibration of certain orientation, certain frequency and amplitude to machined material, can improve material deformation ability to a certain extent and improve product processing quality, vibration machining is that the scope expanding Plastic working " opens new approach.How ultrasonic vibration technology and single-point progressive molding technology are organically combined, form the magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding process technology being suitable for high accuracy, great surface quality, low cost, become one of those skilled in the art's study hotspot.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is, provides a kind of forming property that effectively can improve material, and then obtains the magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device of part of high accuracy and great surface quality.
The present invention for achieving the above object required technical problem solved is, how while the structure simplifying single-point progressive molding device, improve the Plastic Forming performance of magnesium alloy plate material, reduce shaping load and formed friction power, and then obtain the part of high accuracy and great surface quality.
The present invention for solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme is, a kind of magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device, it is characterized in that, comprise ultrasonic vibration system, magnesium alloy plate single-point progressive molding system and microcomputer control system, wherein:
The cad model of the part shaped needed for being previously provided with in described microcomputer control system;
Described ultrasonic vibration system comprises supersonic generator, transducer, ultrasonic transformer and frequency tracker;
Described magnesium alloy plate single-point progressive molding system comprises blank holder, lower blank holder, bracing or strutting arrangement and forming tool head;
Described supersonic generator is connected with frequency tracker with transducer respectively by data wire;
Described transducer, ultrasonic transformer are connected in turn with forming tool head;
Described lower blank holder is fixed on described supporting arrangement;
In magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device forming process, described magnesium alloy plate blank is fixedly clamped by described upper blank holder and lower blank holder;
Described forming tool head is processed magnesium alloy plate blank under the control of described microcomputer control system.
The technique effect that technique scheme is directly brought is that forming process does not need supporting mould, and sheet material clamping is fixed by upper and lower blank holder by magnesium alloy plate blank.This on the one hand, simplifies the structure of whole device; On the other hand, because forming process does not need supporting mould, both can reduce manufacturing cost, the development progress of new product can be accelerated again, effectively can also widen diversity and the complexity of the parts kind that magnesium alloy plate processes.
The magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device of technique scheme, ultrasonic field and magnesium alloy single-point progressive molding are coupled together, the progressive shaped device of traditional magnesium alloy single-point has superposed ultrasonic vibration, make in magnesium alloy plate process, the Alternating stress field that magnesium alloy plate blank produces at ultrasonic wave and the stress field coupling that elastic-plastic deformation produces issue and generate shape.
That is, in the progressive molding process of magnesium alloy plate, by ultrasonic vibration, processed magnesium alloy plate is applied to the vibration of certain orientation, certain frequency and amplitude, improve the deformability of magnesium alloy plate to a certain extent, and then improve product processing quality.
The magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device of technique scheme, in the processing of magnesium alloy single-point progressive molding, effectively can reduce the external force needed for Plastic Forming of magnesium alloy plate blank by introducing ultrasonic field.
The magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device of technique scheme is in the processing of magnesium alloy single-point progressive molding, and its machining accuracy is high, quality good, and production efficiency is high.
Be preferably, above-mentioned ultrasonic transformer and described forming tool head integrally welded, pad is positioned at the top center of described forming tool head.
The technique effect that this optimal technical scheme is directly brought is, pad is positioned at the top center of described forming tool head, can ensure that ultrasonic wave concentrates on the center of forming tool head, reduce the ultrasonic energy loss on ultrasonic transformer and forming tool head linkage interface, thus in guarantee process, the stability of magnesium alloy plate deflection.
Further preferably, said frequencies tracker is installed on the transducer.
The technique effect that this optimal technical scheme is directly brought is, frequency tracker produces frequency-tracking signal can control supersonic generator, make the frequency of supersonic generator follow the tracks of the resonance point of transducer within the specific limits, allow supersonic generator be operated in optimum state.
Two of object of the present invention is, provides a kind of progressive molding method of above-mentioned magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for achieving the above object is, the progressive molding method of magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, is placed between upper and lower blank holder by magnesium alloy plate blank to be processed, is fixedly clamped by upper and lower blank holder;
Second step, switches on power, and start supersonic generator, the sinusoidal electric signals of supersonic frequency is sent by supersonic generator, by transducer, high-frequency electrical energy is converted to mechanical oscillation, amplifies amplitude and extensional vibration is passed to forming tool head by ultrasonic transformer;
3rd step, first forming tool head is pressed to magnesium alloy plate stock to be processed at a regional area, make it to produce certain distortion, under the control of microcomputer control system, according to the cad model preset, by carrying out pointwise, contact successively and extruding between forming tool head and magnesium alloy plate blank, successively processed to central part by magnesium alloy plate blank edge;
4th step, often processes one deck, and forming tool head vertically declines certain distance, moves certain distance in the horizontal direction simultaneously, then processes next aspect;
Pointwise successively, successively form the three-dimensional enveloping surface of workpiece, until component shaping completes.
The technique effect that technique scheme is directly brought is, forming tool head acts directly on magnesium alloy plate blank to be processed, first forming tool head presses to magnesium alloy plate blank at a regional area, make it to produce certain distortion, then forming tool head is on magnesium alloy plate blank, by certain orbiting motion.In the whole motion process of forming tool head, magnesium alloy plate blank continuous modification, after the distortion of a shaping track to be done, is then shaped along lower one deck track, repeatedly carries out above movement locus route, until process completes.
In sum, the present invention introduces ultrasonic field on magnesium alloy single-point progressive molding basis, not only can reduce shaping load, improve the forming property of material, reduce shaping frictional force, also can abundant crystal grain thinning tissue, obtain the part of high accuracy and great surface quality, it has simple in equipment relative to prior art, processing cost is low, precision is high, production efficiency is high, and quality waits beneficial effect well.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2-1 to Fig. 2-3 is progressive molding status of processes schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the frequency-tracking feedback principle schematic diagram of ultrasonic vibration apparatus of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-supersonic generator; 2-frequency tracker; 3-transducer; 4-ultrasonic transformer; 5-forming tool head; 6-magnesium alloy plate blank; The upper blank holder of 7-; Blank holder under 8-; 9-bracing or strutting arrangement.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprise ultrasonic vibration system, magnesium alloy plate single-point progressive molding system and microcomputer control system, wherein:
The cad model of the part shaped needed for being previously provided with in microcomputer control system (not shown);
Above-mentioned ultrasonic vibration system comprises supersonic generator 1, transducer 3, ultrasonic transformer 4 and frequency tracker 2;
Above-mentioned magnesium alloy plate single-point progressive molding system comprises blank holder 7, lower blank holder 8, bracing or strutting arrangement 9 and forming tool head 5;
Above-mentioned supersonic generator is connected with frequency tracker 2 with transducer 3 respectively by data wire;
Above-mentioned transducer 3, ultrasonic transformer 4 are connected in turn with forming tool head 5;
Above-mentioned lower blank holder 8 is fixed on supporting arrangement 9;
In magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device forming process, magnesium alloy plate blank 6 is fixedly clamped by above-mentioned upper blank holder 7 and lower blank holder 8;
Forming tool head 5 is processed magnesium alloy plate blank 6 under the control of microcomputer control system.
The magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device of said structure, because supersonic generator is connected with frequency tracker 2 with transducer 3 respectively by data wire, transducer 3, ultrasonic transformer 4 are connected in turn with forming tool head 5, make forming tool head 5 can form larger extruding force to magnesium alloy plate blank, thus can improve progressive molding efficiency.
In the processing of single-point progressive molding, forming tool head 5 adopts helical trajectory to process.This is because the stress that helical trajectory can effectively reduce Forming Workpiece is concentrated, the dependent variable of whole workpiece after being shaped is reduced, and effectively can avoid the generation of surface of the work impression and the uneven defect of varied in thickness.
In order to reduce ultrasonic transformer 4 and the ultrasonic energy loss on forming tool head 5 linkage interface, above-mentioned ultrasonic transformer 4 welds with forming tool head 5, and pad is positioned at the top center of described forming tool head 5.
Said frequencies tracker 2 is arranged on transducer 3.
The cad model of the part shaped needed for being previously provided with in above-mentioned microcomputer control system, and being connected with supersonic generator communication, achieves being coupled ultrasonic field and magnesium alloy single-point progressive molding.
That is, conventional spun shaped device has superposed ultrasonic vibration.Practical application shows, introduces ultrasonic field, can reduce the Plastic Forming power of magnesium alloy plate stock, can not only improve the forming limit of metal material, also possess the ability improving plastic process product mass effect in magnesium alloy single-point progressive molding process.
For understanding the present invention better, existing for magnesium alloy plate blank 6 to be processed, describe its progressive molding process steps in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the progressive molding method of magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device, comprises the following steps:
The first step, is placed in upper and lower blank holder 7 by magnesium alloy plate blank 6 to be processed, and between 8, by upper and lower blank holder 7,8 are fixedly clamped;
Second step, switch on power, start supersonic generator 1, the sinusoidal electric signals of supersonic frequency is sent by supersonic generator 1, by transducer 3, high-frequency electrical energy is converted to mechanical oscillation, amplifies amplitude by ultrasonic transformer 4 and these mechanical oscillation are passed to forming tool head;
3rd step, first presses to magnesium alloy plate blank 6 to be processed at a regional area by forming tool head 5, makes it to produce certain distortion;
Under the control of microcomputer control system, according to the cad model preset, by carrying out pointwise, contact successively and extruding between forming tool head 5 pairs of magnesium alloy plate blanks 6, successively processed in heart portion wherein by magnesium alloy plate blank edge;
4th step, often processes one deck, and forming tool head 5 vertically declines certain distance, moves certain distance in the horizontal direction simultaneously, then processes next aspect;
Pointwise successively, successively form the three-dimensional enveloping surface of workpiece, until component shaping completes.
Magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device of the present invention, its operation principle is: in progressive process, supersonic generator produces high frequency electrical signal, the electric energy of the supersonic frequency needed for transducer work is supplied to as power source, by transducer, this high-frequency electrical energy is converted to mechanical oscillation, amplified the amplitude of mechanical oscillation again by ultrasonic transformer, and be passed to forming tool head.Namely, the extensional vibration of ultrasonic transformer is in the vibration of forming tool head center excitation ultrasound frequency, vibrational energy reaches maximum at forming tool head and magnesium alloy plate blank contact position, so in magnesium alloy single-point progressive molding region, hyperacoustic energy can superpose with the mechanical force of forming tool head, jointly orders about magnesium alloy plate stock and produces larger plastic deformation; Perform progressive molding action under the coupling of the stress field that the Alternating stress field that forming tool head produces at ultrasonic wave produces with elastic-plastic deformation, realize the Plastic Forming of magnesium alloy plate blank.
Above-mentioned magnesium alloy plate blank is fixedly clamped by upper and lower blank holder, makes magnesium alloy plate blank in forming process, no longer needs other supporting mould.
It should be noted that:
1, when transducer is operated in resonant frequency point, the operating efficiency of progressive molding is the highest, the most stable.
2, due to the resonant frequency of ultrasonic vibration system self, the factor such as load, thermal force is comparatively responsive to external world, the change of these factors can cause the change of ultrasonic vibration system resonant frequency, ultrasonic vibration system causes system off resonance or quits work, so must possess the function of frequency-tracking.
Because the timely monitoring of frequency-tracking signal, is conducive to microcomputer control system and carries out in good time adjustment to supersonic generator, to ensure that the frequency of supersonic generator maintains the frequency range of the resonance point of transducer all the time.
Claims (4)
1. a magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device, is characterized in that, comprises ultrasonic vibration system, magnesium alloy plate single-point progressive molding system and microcomputer control system, wherein:
The cad model of the part shaped needed for being previously provided with in described microcomputer control system;
Described ultrasonic vibration system comprises supersonic generator, transducer, ultrasonic transformer and frequency tracker;
Described magnesium alloy plate single-point progressive molding system comprises blank holder, lower blank holder, bracing or strutting arrangement and forming tool head;
Described supersonic generator is connected with frequency tracker with transducer respectively by data wire;
Described transducer, ultrasonic transformer are connected in turn with forming tool head;
Described lower blank holder is fixed on described supporting arrangement;
In magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device forming process, described magnesium alloy plate blank is fixedly clamped by described upper blank holder and lower blank holder;
Described forming tool head is processed magnesium alloy plate blank under the control of described microcomputer control system.
2. magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic transformer and described forming tool head integrally welded, pad is positioned at the top center of described forming tool head.
3. magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described frequency tracker is installed on the transducer.
4. a progressive molding method for magnesium alloy plate ultrasonic vibration single-point progressive molding device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, is placed between upper and lower blank holder by magnesium alloy plate blank to be processed, is fixedly clamped by upper and lower blank holder;
Second step, switches on power, and start supersonic generator, the sinusoidal electric signals of supersonic frequency is sent by supersonic generator, by transducer, high-frequency electrical energy is converted to mechanical oscillation, amplifies amplitude and these mechanical oscillation are passed to forming tool head by ultrasonic transformer;
3rd step, first presses to magnesium alloy plate blank to be processed at a regional area by forming tool head, makes it to produce certain distortion;
Under the control of microcomputer control system, according to the cad model preset, by forming tool head to carrying out pointwise, contact successively and extruding between magnesium alloy plate blank, successively processed in heart portion wherein by magnesium alloy plate blank edge;
4th step, often processes one deck, and forming tool head vertically declines certain distance, moves certain distance in the horizontal direction simultaneously, then processes next aspect;
Pointwise successively, successively form the three-dimensional enveloping surface of workpiece, until component shaping completes.
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| CN105058796A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-18 | 南京工程学院 | High polymer board incremental forming method based on metal backboard supporting |
| CN105234233A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-13 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Flexible forming system and method for three-dimensional curved-surface part with boss |
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| CN106311876A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-01-11 | 山东大学 | Complicated thin-walled workpiece formation system and method based on progressive formation and additive manufacturing |
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| CN105234233A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-13 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Flexible forming system and method for three-dimensional curved-surface part with boss |
| WO2017165541A1 (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-28 | The Penn State Research Foundation | New incremental forming tools and method |
| US11072015B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2021-07-27 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Incremental forming tools and method |
| CN105945137A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Incremental forming device and method based on induction heating |
| CN106311876A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-01-11 | 山东大学 | Complicated thin-walled workpiece formation system and method based on progressive formation and additive manufacturing |
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| CN106670297B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-04-17 | 山东大学 | The compound progressive molding device and method of rotary ultrasonic based on Real-time Feedback |
| CN109277468B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-09-27 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of laminated plate synchronized links and progressive Composite forming tool and method |
| CN109277468A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-29 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of laminated plate synchronized links and progressive Composite forming tool and method |
| CN109465317A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-03-15 | 吉林大学 | The rotary forming apparatus of ultrasonic wave ancillary vibration multiple spot mould support |
| CN109226425A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-18 | 中南大学 | A kind of part single-point manufacturing process of aluminum alloy strip part deep cooling |
| CN109622755A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of compound molding device and method of dissimilar metal board raw material |
| CN109622760A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | It is a kind of for the tool heads of progressive molding, design method and progressive molding method |
| CN109622758A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-16 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of flexible compound ultrasonic vibration progressive molding device and method |
| CN109622758B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2023-06-20 | 西安科技大学 | Flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device and method |
| CN110681768A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Integrated numerical control incremental forming method for metal thin-wall part form surface |
| CN110681768B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-01-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Integrated numerical control incremental forming method for metal thin-wall part form surface |
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| CN111633111A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-08 | 西安邮电大学 | Progressive forming method based on deep learning |
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