CN104683323A - Hybrid protocol-based intelligent power distribution network wireless communication system - Google Patents
Hybrid protocol-based intelligent power distribution network wireless communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104683323A CN104683323A CN201410335886.5A CN201410335886A CN104683323A CN 104683323 A CN104683323 A CN 104683323A CN 201410335886 A CN201410335886 A CN 201410335886A CN 104683323 A CN104683323 A CN 104683323A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid protocol-based intelligent power distribution network wireless communication system. The system comprises a terminal node, a power distribution network gateway and a wired network, wherein the terminal node is controlled by an intelligent power distribution network control center; the wired network is connected with a transformer substation; the terminal node is a far terminal unit (FTU) of a power distribution substation; the wired network of the transformer substation communicates with the power distribution network gateway through a wired network or a wireless network; the power distribution network gateway communicates with the terminal node through wireless communication. Self management, self configuration and self optimization functions of the wireless communication system are realized, the wireless communication system supports switching functions among a plurality of wireless protocols, such as zigbee , 802.11, WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), TD-SCDMA (Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access), TD-LTE (Time Division-Long Term Evolution) and FDD-LTE (Frequency Division Duplex-Long Term Evolution), supports a hierarchical management function on QoS (quality of service) of services, meets the requirements of remote signaling, remote measurement and remote control of a power distribution network, supports a data fusion function, and reduces redundancy and data transmission amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, particularly relate to a kind of intelligent distribution network wireless communication system based on hybrid protocol.
Background technology
At present, wireless communication technology is mainly in the following way:
1) public network based on mobile operator is adopted to transmit, as communications such as GPRS/CDMA/3G.GPRS/CDMA/3G wireless public network communication mode possesses the features such as lower deployment cost is low, industrial chain is ripe, but owing to relying on public network operator, data transfer bandwidth deficiency, stability shortcoming, its fail safe, reliability, real-time can not ensure, when access user number increases, traffic rate is seriously influenced.Therefore high reliability and low transmission delay requirement in power distribution network data transmission procedure can not be met.
2) adopt 802.15 wireless sense networks, the technology such as 802.11 WLAN (wireless local area network), feature is that agreement is simply ripe, networking flexibility, easily configuration and management, and is operated in ISM frequency range, without the need to special frequency range support.Shortcoming is that power and limited transmission distance are fixed, is difficult to the medium and long distance transmission requirement meeting power distribution network terminal.
3) the wireless private network communication technology is adopted, as a kind of important means of power distribution communication network termination access network construction, meet geographical position complexity, communication point be many, single-point amount of information is less but the demand that gross information content is large, electric flux is checked meter, these business such as spatial load forecasting, power distribution automation can give full play to wireless private network dispose fast, expand convenient, not by advantages such as ground environment restrictions.Current existing system comprises the special data radio station technology of 230M distribution, advantage is except annual frequency expense, run at ordinary times without the need to extra charge, shortcoming is larger by the impact of the external condition such as landform, weather, cause the reliability of system, real-time poor, and message transmission rate is low, function falls behind, and expanding of system function is not strong.
Optical fiber communication is using light wave as information carrier, using optical fiber as the means of communication of transmission medium. because the faults itself rate of optical fiber and photoelectric device is low, little by electromagnetic interference, therefore the reliability of optical fiber communication is high, transmission rate is high, and loss is little.EPON technology is a kind of emerging broadband access technology, have employed PON technology in physical layer, uses Ethernet protocol, utilize the topological structure of PON to realize Ethernet access at link layer.Have bandwidth high, easy networking, convenient access, reliability is high, and real-time is high, and fail safe is high, the feature of little interference by environment, but due to distribution improvement project many, it is higher that the network architecture such as frequently to change at the feature construction cost, and optical cable laying difficulty is large, expense is too high; Because distribution territorial scope is very wide, substation and terminal unit One's name is legion, use the economic input of optical fiber communication mode excessive.
Power-line carrier communication is integrated use more modulation demodulation techniques, channel coding technology, the network communications technology, and AFE (analog front end) technology and coupling combination technology, realize the communication using medium-voltage distribution circuit as transmission medium.Because transmission medium is distribution line, so additionally need not build communication port, carrier channel can arrive power distribution station along distribution line from transformer station.Construction cost is lower, easy construction, and without the need to wiring, private network runs, and fail safe is high, but bandwidth is low, reliability, and real-time is general, and networking flexibility is poor.Medium-voltage carrier mode is stable not, and networking affects larger by a planar network architecture;
The deficiency that existing Distribution Network Communication technology exists:
(1) optical fiber EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network, Ethernet passive optical network) technology, because distribution improvement project is many, it is higher that the network architecture such as frequently to change at the feature construction cost, and optical cable laying difficulty is large, expense is too high; Because distribution territorial scope is very wide, substation and terminal unit One's name is legion, use the economic input of optical fiber communication mode excessive.
(2) power line carrier communication mode, bandwidth is low, reliability, and real-time is general, and networking flexibility is poor.Medium-voltage carrier mode is stable not, and networking affects larger by a planar network architecture;
(3) wireless communication technology
1) adopt the public network based on mobile operator to transmit, rely on public network operator, data transfer bandwidth deficiency, stability shortcoming, its fail safe, reliability, real-time can not ensure, when access user number increases, traffic rate is seriously influenced.Therefore high reliability and low transmission delay requirement in power distribution network data transmission procedure can not be met.
2) adopt 802.15 wireless sense networks, the technology such as 802.11 WLAN (wireless local area network), power and limited transmission distance are determined, and are difficult to the medium and long distance transmission requirement meeting power distribution network terminal.
3) adopt the wireless private network communication technology, the impact by the external condition such as landform, weather is comparatively large, and cause the reliability of system, real-time poor, and message transmission rate is low, function falls behind, and expanding of system function is not strong.
Carrying out in power distribution network Access Layer communication technology selection course, needing to choose to greatest extent and adapt to power distribution network intellectualized reconstruction, meet application demand that is existing or that may occur future, the communication technology system of feature such as to dispose and maintenance cost is low, industrial chain is ripe.
Current TD-LTE and FDD-LTE standard as China in next generation mobile communication technology, it is China 4G proprietary technology, the follow-up evolution standard of TD-SCDMA, be with roomy, support the transfer of data of more than 20Mbit/s, technology maturation, system is advanced, network configuration is flat, service deployment is carried out flexibly, and adopt 128 bit AES encryptions to improve security reliability, the needs of power distribution network Security Data Transmission can be met, obtain the consistent high praise of communications industry circle, worldwide enter real commercial stage, domestic public network business application also starts.
In addition, TD-LTE and FDD-LTE, by supporting Self management, self-configuring and self-optimization techniques, effectively can increase set expandability, improves systemic-function, reduces distribution management cost, reduces network operation complexity.Mainly comprise the following aspects:
(1) self-configuring of whole communication system, self-optimizing, self adaptation and self-repair function can be realized, can management cost be reduced, easily safeguard, realize the needs of power distribution network data transfer management.
(2) by the adaptive grouping dispatching algorithm of the multi-service Qos of uplink downlink, to classification and the management of different flow in network, for power distribution automation, metering automation business different time delay is provided, packet loss ensures, mates the multiple service supporting demands such as power distribution automation, metering automation, video monitoring completely.
Therefore, carrying out in power distribution network Access Layer communication technology selection course, should select to need to choose to greatest extent to adapt to power distribution network intellectualized reconstruction, the satisfied application demand having or may occur future.The combined system cordless communication network of TD-LTE, FDD-LTE, the agreements such as 802.15 and 802.11 is adopted in distribution automation, on the one hand gather, converge the data of intelligent distribution network node at the multiple distribution terminal node in local by the wireless protocols such as 802.15 and 802.11, without the need to special frequency range support, networking flexibility, easily configuration and management.On the other hand, after convergence, fusion, be connected with TD-LTE or the FDD-LTE network of existing mobile operator by TD-LTE or FDD-LTE gateway, realize medium and long distance data broadband transmission, and effectively can utilize the technical characteristic of TD-LTE or FDD-LTE technology, realize QoS management and the grading function of power distribution network business datum.
In addition the private radio narrowband data communication system being applied to the more comparative maturity of distribution automation abroad also has several technology maturation such as ReFLEX, PLANET, Mobitex and NexNet, uses special mobile data communication system widely.But these wireless private network standard applicating maintenances and configuration underaction and convenience, whole private network needs special maintenance troop, and cost is high.Need the support of private radio frequency range on the other hand, need to apply for special frequency range to the Radio Management Commission, the current resource of frequency range is nervous, and country is difficult to the extra special frequency range of approval.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of intelligent distribution network wireless communication system based on hybrid protocol, distribution automation should can be realized based on the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of hybrid protocol, by the conversion of data communication format between equipment, up data format is unified, the collection or control command that are issued to perception extension network (transformer station, distribution substation etc.) are mapped simultaneously, produce the message meeting concrete devices communicating agreement.By breaking through the key technical problems such as Self management, self-configuring and data fusion, adopting advanced communication technique, high bandwidth can be built, easily dispose, have the New Generation of Intelligent distribution network system of self-optimizing, self-healing capability.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system based on hybrid protocol, comprise the terminal node, power distribution network gateway and the cable network that is connected with transformer station that are controlled by intelligent distribution network control centre, described terminal node is the terminal unit unit F TU of distribution substation, described transformer station cable network is by cable network or wireless network and described power distribution station gateway communication, and described power distribution network gateway is communicated with described terminal node by radio communication.
Wherein, the described cable network be connected with the transformer station Access Network that is fiber backbone network and realized by Ethernet.
Wherein, described power distribution network gateway is communicated with terminal node by zigbee agreement.
Wherein, described power distribution network gateway is communicated with terminal node by 802.11 agreements.
Wherein, described transformer station cable network is by TD-TLE or FDD-LTE wireless network and described power distribution station gateway communication.
Wherein, terminal node described in described power distribution network gateway control and management.
The present invention is based on the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of hybrid protocol, its Advantageous Effects is:
(1) multi-protocols power distribution network gateway, realizes the translation function between various wireless communication agreement.Can select to support the multiple wave points such as IEEE 802.15,802.11 in end side; Adopt multimode manner to carry out interconnected simultaneously, comprise wired ethernet, TD-LTE and FDD-LTE interconnecting interface.
(2) fusion application of power distribution network gateway and TD-LTE and FDD-LTE network, wider by cooperative transmission bandwidth, adaptive frequency-selecting and networking, have the technology such as self-healing ability, and realize the Self management of wireless communication system, self-configuring and self-optimization function.
(3) support service quality (QoS) the differentiated control function to business, meet the remote signalling of power distribution network, the needs of telemetry and telecommand.
(4) fusion function of supported data, reduces the redundancy of transfer of data, reduces data traffic volume.
In addition, the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system that the present invention is based on hybrid protocol also has following advantage:
(1) Self management of wireless communication system, self-configuring and self-optimization function.
(2) support multiple wireless protocols comprise zigbee, 802.11, translation function between the wireless communication protocol such as WCDMA, TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE and FDD-LTE.
(3) support service quality (QoS) the differentiated control function to business, meet the remote signalling of power distribution network, the needs of telemetry and telecommand.
(4) fusion function of supported data, reduces redundancy and reduces data traffic volume.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system configuration schematic diagram of the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system that the present invention is based on hybrid protocol;
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of the webmaster of power distribution network shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment:
Intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of the present invention, its system configuration schematic diagram is as shown in Fig. 1, be divided into extension two parts that cable network and wireless TD-TLE or FDD-LTE build, wherein wired network portion is the fiber backbone network of the existing and later Program Construction of electric power system department and the Access Network that realized by Ethernet.
Intelligent distribution network is made up of the part such as optical fiber/Internet cable network, application management node (electric power system distribution automation control centre) of terminal node (i.e. the terminal unit unit F TU of distribution substation), power distribution network gateway (access device), covering transformer station.
Terminal node is dispersed in the region of specifying, and Real-time Collection related data is also sent to power distribution network gateway data, otherwise information also can be sent to each node by gateway in the same way.Be sent to stationary nodes (transformer station) by TD-LTE or FDD-LTE wireless network after gateway carries out convergence processing data, be more directly sent to upper layer application by optical fiber/Internet or other communication systems by transformer station.When the problem such as the damage of terminal network node, inefficacy occurs, system can automatic alarm in time, thus guarantees that the communication of whole system is normal.
The main contents of intelligent distribution network Research of wireless communication systems and the logical relation of composition are set forth to this clear in structure.Intelligent distribution network adopts the communication system architecture of layering, and different levels supports different communication protocol.
Power distribution network gateway possesses following several function.1, access capability widely.Technical standard at present for short-haul connections is a lot, and all kinds of technology is mainly for a certain application start, and lack compatible and systematic planning, as Lonworks is mainly used in building automatic, RUBEE is applicable to adverse circumstances.How to realize the compatibility of agreement, interface and systematic planning, at home and abroad had at present and be multiplely organized in the standardization effort carrying out things-internet gateway, as 3GPP, working sensor group, to realize interconnecting of various communication technology standard.This project adopts the widest and that technology is the most ripe 802.15 and 802.11 agreements of application surface to combine.2, protocol conversion capability.From different sensing networks to the protocol conversion of access network, by unified for the data of the reference format of lower floor encapsulation, ensure that the agreement of different sensing networks can become unified data and signaling; The packet issued on upper strata resolves to the signaling and control command that sensing layer agreement can identify.3, ALARA Principle ability.Powerful managerial ability, is all absolutely necessary for any catenet.First to manage gateway, as registration management, state supervision etc.Gateway realizes the management of subnet interior nodes, as obtained mark, state, attribute, energy etc. and Remote Wake Up, control, diagnosis, upgrading and the maintenance etc. of node.Because the technical standard of subnet is different, the complexity of agreement is different, so the managerial ability that gateway has is different.This project proposes to manage different sensing networks, different application based on modularization gateway mode, guarantees to use unified management interface technology to carry out unified management to tip network node.
The present invention is the application of a kind of smart grid-oriented, realizes at the online wireless communication system based on the interconnected networking of TD-LTE or FDD-LTE of intelligent power distribution.Mainly comprise:
One, hardware device
1, by research combined sensor technology and embedded software hardware technology, and equipment practical application scene in combined with intelligent power distribution network, the hardware structure of design terminal node and gateway.Research comprises the research of hardware structure research and each hardware comprising modules, comprises the research of processor unit, memory cell, clock unit, interface unit, bus.Meanwhile, hardware components also needs the situation studying communication extension, must support external communication extension module, i.e. the modulation /demodulation module of various network.
2, research in the presence of a harsh environment, the work how hardware of terminal node and gateway can be reliable and stable.Because the electromagnetic environment of electric power networks is relatively severe, wireless transmission tool is had a great impact, therefore in the reliably working requirement in the more complicated place of environment, hardware designs is had higher requirement.
Two, bottom layer driving platform
The bottom layer driving platform of terminal node and gateway and the performance of wireless communication system have close relationship, study and adopt suitable operating system to form stable communication system.Embedded system generally all adopts " host/Target Board " development mode in development process, namely the software and hardware resources utilizing host (PC) upper abundant and good development environment and debugging acid carry out the software on development goal plate, then object code and executable file is generated by cross compilation environment, download on Target Board by modes such as serial ports/USB/ Ethernets, Techniques of Cross Debugger is utilized to run in monitoring program, real-time analysis, finally, download program is cured on target machine, completes whole development process.
Operating system at present for embedded device has a variety of, and research emphasis is paid close attention to according to the demand for terminal node and gateway general and autgmentability able to programme in this project, chooses stable, reliable, efficient, open operating system.
Three, relative application software exploitation
Application software comprises protocol stack and application program.
The research of protocol stack some importance is used for forming the various international standard protocol of gateway, comprising physical layer and the media access control sublayer agreement of the specifications such as 802.11 series and 802.15 series for forming network, comprising the network layer protocol etc. for communicating such as Zigbee, TCP/IP.Meanwhile, according to OSI concept hierarchy, research and specification support the interface of third party's exploitation, in order to the expanded application of gateway support.
Application program part mainly comprises interface establishing program and associative manager, and wherein interface establishing program comprises the access, adaptation, data error coding, format conversion etc. of TD-LTE or FDD-LTE communication link and electric power system correlation acquisition data.Associative manager completes relevant parameter configuration, comprises interface configuration, network configuration etc.The emphasis of configurator research how to design and to provide the procedure set of working stability, performance efficiency.
The present invention is based on test platform, the technical indicator reached is as follows:
(1) single gateway is maximum support information transmission rate can be not less than 2 Mbit/s;
(2) single distribution terminal node uploading data is maximum supports that transmission rate is not less than 20Kbit/s; Multi-medium data is maximum supports that transmission rate is not less than 1.2Mbit/s.
(3) remote measurement, no more than 3 s of remote signalling data transmission average delay, reliability is not less than 97%;
(4) the no more than 1s of remote-control data transmission average delay, reliability is not less than 99%;
Perform related quality criterion, include lower shown in:
(1) radio frequency testing standard
Comprise: GB15629.1102-2003(and WAPI of European standard ETSI 300 328, U.S. FCC standard P art 15.247, IEEE 802.11PHY and China).
(2) interoperability standard is Wi-Fi Alliance Test Plan.
(3) industry, science and medical treatment (ISM) radio-frequency apparatus (GB 4824-2004) electromagnetic disturbance characteristic, limit value and method of measurement.
Finally it should be noted that, the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, instead of the restriction to technical solution of the present invention, any equivalent replacement of doing the technology of the present invention feature or corresponding improvement, still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. based on the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of hybrid protocol, comprise the terminal node, power distribution network gateway and the cable network that is connected with transformer station that are controlled by intelligent distribution network control centre, it is characterized in that, described terminal node is the terminal unit unit F TU of distribution substation, described transformer station cable network is by cable network or wireless network and described power distribution station gateway communication, and described power distribution network gateway is communicated with described terminal node by radio communication.
2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of hybrid protocol, it is characterized in that: the Access Network that the described cable network be connected with transformer station is fiber backbone network and is realized by Ethernet.
3., as claimed in claim 1 based on the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of hybrid protocol, it is characterized in that: described power distribution network gateway is communicated with terminal node by zigbee agreement.
4., as claimed in claim 1 based on the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of hybrid protocol, it is characterized in that: described power distribution network gateway is communicated with terminal node by 802.11 agreements.
5. as claimed in claim 1 based on the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of hybrid protocol, it is characterized in that: described transformer station cable network is by TD-TLE or FDD-LTE wireless network and described power distribution station gateway communication.
6., as claimed in claim 1 based on the intelligent distribution network wireless communication system of hybrid protocol, it is characterized in that: terminal node described in described power distribution network gateway control and management.
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