CN104682751A - Modular cascaded multilevel converter on basis of hybrid modulation of PAM and PWM - Google Patents
Modular cascaded multilevel converter on basis of hybrid modulation of PAM and PWM Download PDFInfo
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- CN104682751A CN104682751A CN201510091968.4A CN201510091968A CN104682751A CN 104682751 A CN104682751 A CN 104682751A CN 201510091968 A CN201510091968 A CN 201510091968A CN 104682751 A CN104682751 A CN 104682751A
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- submodule
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- pwm
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- fbm
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
Abstract
The invention relates to a modular cascaded multilevel converter on the basis hybrid modulation of PAM and PWM. Any bridge arm of the modular cascaded multilevel converter comprises 2N HBM type sub-modules and 2M FBM type sub-modules, wherein M FBM type sub-modules and N HBM type sub-modules are cascaded to form an upper bridge arm and N HBM type sub-modules and M FBM type sub-modules are cascaded to form a lower bridge arm; the 2N HBM type sub-modules form a PAM modulation unit; the 2M FBM type sub-modules form a PWM modulation unit. Compared with the prior art, the modular cascaded multilevel converter has the advantages that the method of hybrid modulation of PAM and PWM is adopted, so that system switching loss and output voltage, and current harmonic distortion rates are effectively reduced, control accuracy of an output parameter is improved, a dynamic response speed is increased, and the problem of unbalance output of voltages and power at the DC (Direct Current) sides of the HBM sub-modules is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of modularization cascade multilevel converter, especially relate to a kind of modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation.
Background technology
Modularization multi-level converter (MMC), because having that power capacity is large, switching frequency is low, output harmonic wave is little and the advantage such as fast response time, obtains applying more and more widely in high-voltage large-capacity current transformer occasion.
The topological structure of MMC has multiple, wherein semi-bridge type submodule (Half-Bridge-Module, HBM type submodule) cascade MMC topology is widely used, its structure is as shown in (1a) in Fig. 1, but because it cannot process public direct-current side short trouble, limit its operation stability.For addressing this problem; relevant scholar proposes bridge-type submodule (Full-Bridge-Module; FBM type submodule) cascade MMC topology; its structure is as shown in (1b) in Fig. 1; because this topological structure causes power device to add one times; add MMC installation cost, limit its large-scale promotion application.
The control method of the output voltage of MMC is divided into pulse amplitude modulate the staircase waveform stacking control method of (PAM) and the phase shift stacking control method of pulse width modulation (PWM).
It is different switch angles by choosing in advance that the staircase waveform of pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) folds control strategy, each submodule output voltage is superposed, form the output voltage close to modulation signal waveform, its objective is the low-order harmonic eliminated in output voltage, and make output voltage total harmonic distortion factor minimum, because its switching frequency is extremely low, therefore its switching loss is less.But in actual motion, require that sub module cascade number is higher, otherwise can be less because of output voltage step number, and cause harmonic content in its output voltage to increase.And this control strategy also exists each submodule direct current surveys the large and unbalanced defect of power output of voltage fluctuation, these defects will have a strong impact on the operation stability of MMC device.
The phase shift stacking control method of pulse width modulation (PWM) is by comparing modulating wave and carrier wave, control the break-make of each submodule switching device, and by the phase shift superposition of each submodule output waveform, equivalence improves the switching frequency of MMC, thus realizes the accurate control of output waveform and obtain higher dynamic response time.But its each submodule switching frequency is higher, therefore its switching loss is comparatively large, and harmonic content is less.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and a kind of modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation is provided, the harmonic content of its outlet side voltage of effective reduction, achieve to MMC output waveform quick, accurately control.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation, arbitrary brachium pontis of described modularization cascade multilevel converter includes 2N HBM type submodule and 2M FBM type submodule, wherein, M FBM type submodule becomes upper brachium pontis with N number of HBM type sub module cascade, and N number of HBM type submodule becomes lower brachium pontis with M FBM type sub module cascade;
Described 2N HBM type submodule forms PAM modulating unit, and each HBM type submodule wherein all adopts fundamental frequency PAM modulation system;
Described 2M FBM type submodule forms PWM unit, and each FBM type submodule wherein all adopts high-frequency PWM modulation system.
Described N is greater than M.
Described FBM type submodule adopts two close cycles tracking to carry out harmonic component compensation to the staircase waveform that HBM type submodule superposes.
Described HBM type submodule adopts and carries out DC voltage control based on the submodule voltage ranking method of loop current suppression and submodule PAM modulation signal cyclical method.
Described submodule voltage ranking method is specially:
Judge current operating state, if current operating state is charged state, then according to the input number n of setting, only drop into the minimum module of n direct voltage, if current operating state is discharge condition, then according to the input number n of setting, only drop into n the module that direct voltage is the highest.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, be optimized for MMC topological structure, the present invention adopts HBM submodule and FBM submodule Mixed cascading scheme, namely every phase brachium pontis overwhelming majority submodule of MMC adopts semi-bridge type submodule, few parton module adopts bridge-type submodule, effectively reduce the quantity of device breaker in middle device, reduce installation cost, and make MMC possess the disposal ability of public direct-current side short circuit;
2, the present invention adopts PAM+PWM hybrid modulation, and each HBM type submodule adopts PAM modulation, and under all working in fundamental frequency switching frequency, HBM type submodule adopts fundamental frequency optimization PAM method to make MMC export staircase waveform and approaches sine wave; Each FBM module adopts high-frequency PWM modulation, and under being all operated in HF switch frequency, FBM module adopts two close cycles tracking, carries out harmonic component compensation to the staircase waveform that HBM submodule superposes, thus achieve to MMC output waveform quick, accurately control;
Relatively all adopt PWM, the switching loss of MMC device is less; Relatively all adopt PAM modulation, MMC can reduce output voltage, current distortion rate effectively, improves device control precision and dynamic responding speed;
3, the present invention considers that the fluctuation of HBM submodule DC voltage is the imbalance problem distributed between each submodule because of energy, the present invention adopts based on the submodule voltage ranking method of loop current suppression and submodule PAM modulation signal cyclical method, the energy of the lower submodule of bucking voltage, absorb the energy of the higher submodule of voltage, make energy rebalancing in modules, and two harmonics of each submodule DC voltage are inhibited, and reduce the fluctuation of its voltage;
4, the mode that the present invention adopts PAM+PWM to mix is modulated MMC, with the extremely low frequency modulation technique of implement device, reduces plant running loss.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the topological structure schematic diagram of existing MMC;
Wherein, (1a) is semi-bridge type submodule schematic diagram, and (1b) is bridge-type submodule schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 this present invention is based on the MMC topology diagram of hybrid modulation;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of PAM+PWM hybrid modulation;
Wherein, (3a) be the staircase waveform of HBM type submodule unit output voltage superposition formation, (3b) be the reference modulation signal of FBM type submodule unit PWM, (3c) be FBM type submodule unit PWM pulse signal, (3d) is PAM+PWM Hybrid-modulated Signal waveform;
Fig. 4 is the PWM ripple producing method schematic diagram of FBM type submodule;
Fig. 5 be dc-voltage balance based on the loop current suppression block diagram in the submodule voltage sort method of loop current suppression.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.The present embodiment is implemented premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
The present embodiment provides a kind of modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation, as shown in Figure 2, arbitrary brachium pontis of this modularization cascade multilevel converter includes 2N HBM type submodule and 2M FBM type submodule, wherein, M FBM type submodule (FBMU1 ~ M) and N number of HBM type submodule (HBMU1 ~ N) are cascaded into brachium pontis, N number of HBM type submodule (HBMD1 ~ N) and M FBM type submodule (FBMD1 ~ M) are cascaded into lower brachium pontis, N is much larger than M, N>4M.
2N HBM type submodule forms PAM modulating unit, each HBM type submodule wherein has+E, 0 (E is the magnitude of voltage of each electric capacity) two level, and each HBM submodule adopts fundamental frequency PAM modulation technique, is superposed by output voltage, approach with reference to modulation signal.2M FBM type submodule forms PWM unit, and each FBM type submodule wherein all adopts high-frequency PWM modulation system, and adopts two close cycles tracking to carry out harmonic component compensation to the staircase waveform that HBM type submodule superposes.Owing to carrying out harmonic compensation to MMC output voltage, electric current in PWM process, so effectively reduce the percent harmonic distortion of output voltage, electric current.The PAM+PWM method of the present invention's proposition combines both advantages, can take into account switching loss and output current harmonics content, and improve device control precision and response speed.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of PAM+PWM hybrid modulation, and wherein (3a) is staircase waveform---the u of HBM type submodule unit output voltage superposition formation
pAM=u
f+ u
h, wherein u
ffor exporting the fundamental voltage of staircase waveform, approximate with reference to modulation signal; u
hfor exporting the harmonic voltage of staircase waveform; (3b) reference modulation signal---the u of FBM type submodule unit PWM is depicted as
pWM-ref=u
ref-u
pAM, wherein the total of hybrid modulation is u with reference to modulation signal
ref; (3c) FBM type submodule unit PWM pulse signal is depicted as; (3d) be PAM+PWM Hybrid-modulated Signal waveform---u
all=u
pWM+ u
pAM.
Fig. 4 is the PWM ripple producing method of FBM type submodule, and wherein each HBM type submodule adopts PAM modulation, under thus device for power switching is operated in first-harmonic switching frequency; Each FBM type submodule adopts PWM, under thus device for power switching is operated in higher switching frequency.HBM type submodule exports staircase voltage u
pAM.The modulating wave u of PWM unit
pWMmeet
u
PWM＝u
ref-u
PAM＝u
ref-(u
f+u
h)＝-u
h
Its duty ratio meets:
For each HBM type submodule angle of flow difference caused by DC voltage imbalance problem, HBM type submodule adopts based on the submodule voltage ranking method of loop current suppression and submodule PAM modulation signal cyclical method, its each HBM type submodule DC side is balanced, and two harmonics of each submodule DC voltage are inhibited, and reduce the fluctuation of its voltage.Fig. 5 be dc-voltage balance based on the loop current suppression block diagram in the submodule voltage sort method of loop current suppression.
The submodule voltage ranking method that the present embodiment adopts is specially: judge current operating state, if current operating state is charged state, then according to the input number n of setting, only drop into the minimum module of n direct voltage, if current operating state is discharge condition, then according to the input number n of setting, only drop into n the module that direct voltage is the highest.Suppose upper brachium pontis totally 4 HBM type submodules, direct voltage module ranking results is from high to low HBMU2, HBMU3, HBMU4, HBMU1, according to different input number n, can obtain the implementation of submodule voltage sequence as shown in table 1.Submodule sequence balance based on loop current suppression controls, and the trigger impulse of each submodule is redistributed.To pulse distribution be dropped into the lower submodule of voltage, by excision pulse distribution to the higher submodule of voltage, achieve energy and redistribute between each submodule, thus make each submodule DC-side Voltage Stabilization and be consistent.
Table 1
| n＝1 | n＝2 | n＝3 | n＝4 | |
| I > 0 (charging) | HBM1 | HBM1,HBM4 | HBM1,HBM3,HBM4 | Whole input |
| I≤0 (electric discharge) | HBM2 | HBM2,HBM3 | HBM2,HBM3,HBM4 | Whole input |
。
Claims (5)
1. the modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation, it is characterized in that, arbitrary brachium pontis of described modularization cascade multilevel converter includes 2N HBM type submodule and 2M FBM type submodule, wherein, M FBM type submodule becomes upper brachium pontis with N number of HBM type sub module cascade, and N number of HBM type submodule becomes lower brachium pontis with M FBM type sub module cascade;
Described 2N HBM type submodule forms PAM modulating unit, and each HBM type submodule wherein all adopts fundamental frequency PAM modulation system;
Described 2M FBM type submodule forms PWM unit, and each FBM type submodule wherein all adopts high-frequency PWM modulation system.
2. the modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described N is greater than M.
3. the modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described FBM type submodule adopts two close cycles tracking to carry out harmonic component compensation to the staircase waveform that HBM type submodule superposes.
4. the modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described HBM type submodule adopts and carries out DC voltage control based on the submodule voltage ranking method of loop current suppression and submodule PAM modulation signal cyclical method.
5. the modularization cascade multilevel converter based on PAM and PWM hybrid modulation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described submodule voltage ranking method is specially:
Judge current operating state, if current operating state is charged state, then according to the input number n of setting, only drop into the minimum module of n direct voltage, if current operating state is discharge condition, then according to the input number n of setting, only drop into n the module that direct voltage is the highest.
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| CN109873424A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-11 | 山东大学 | The hybrid cascade APF topological structure of one kind and its control method |
| CN112928931A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-08 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | MMC sub-module on-off control method, device and system |
| CN112928931B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2022-08-12 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | MMC sub-module on-off control method, device and system |
| CN111697853A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-22 | 上海交通大学 | Hybrid modulation method of modular multilevel converter |
| CN111697853B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-03-25 | 上海交通大学 | Hybrid modulation method of modular multilevel converter |
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