CN104682645A - Wind driven generator rectification method and wind driven generator - Google Patents
Wind driven generator rectification method and wind driven generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104682645A CN104682645A CN201510137311.7A CN201510137311A CN104682645A CN 104682645 A CN104682645 A CN 104682645A CN 201510137311 A CN201510137311 A CN 201510137311A CN 104682645 A CN104682645 A CN 104682645A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind driven generator rectification method and a wind driven generator. The wind driven generator is a permanent magnet synchronous generator. The permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises 3N phase armature windings, wherein each armature winding is provided with a first end and a second end, and N is an integer more than or equal to 2; 3N first ends of the 3N phase armature windings are connected with cathodes of 3N low-potential rectifier diodes connected with a common anode one by one, the anode common point of the 3N low-potential rectifier diodes is used as a low-potential output end of the wind driven generator; the armature windings with 120-degree phase differences, in every three phases, are used as a set of independent working windings, the 3N phase armature windings are equally divided into at least two groups, each group comprises at least one set of independent working windings, and the independent working windings in the at least two group are the same in quantity. According to the wind driven generator, the current stress and the power loss of the rectification device are low, the energy conversion efficiency is high and heat generated by the rectification device is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power, particularly relate to a kind of method for rectifying and wind-driven generator of wind-driven generator.
Background technology
Middle-size and small-size wind generator system many employings permagnetic synchronous motor, permagnetic synchronous motor adopts permanent magnet excitation, while eliminating the excitation loss that electric excitation synchronous motor has, and eliminate the mechanical contact such as slip ring and brush, achieve brushless structure, have that structure is simple, reliable, power density is large and the multinomial remarkable advantage such as operational efficiency is high.
Although rear voltage-regulation difficulty made by magneto alternator, but in DC wind power generation system, load power factor is high, and armature reaction demagnetizing effect is not strong, therefore, if electric generator structure parameter designing rationally, accurately, output voltage range meets the requirements, then generator exports can, directly as the power supply of direct current power load, not need extra increase to have the power device of voltage regulation function after uncontrollable rectifier, simplied system structure, improves system works reliability.
In wind powered generator system, improve the volume weight that generator speed can reduce motor, increasing power density.In order to make the output external characteristic of wind-driven generator comparatively hard, armature reaction magnetic potential can be reduced by increasing motor number of pole-pairs.
But along with the increase of motor speed and number of pole-pairs, induced electromotive force frequency also can increase exponentially, can cause the increase thereupon of iron loss in electric machine rotor.For head it off, researcher is had to propose the two Y rectification of employing 6 phase phase shift 30 °, its circuit structure is as shown in accompanying drawing 1, this technology can reduce the harmonic content of armature mmf in the high order harmonic components such as 5,7 effectively, thus the direct voltage ripple that the eddy current loss reducing rotor surface has exported.But, because number of diodes has 12 in this rectification circuit, steady-state current stress is wherein the half of load current, so the power loss of whole rectifying part is larger, especially in the application scenario of low-voltage, high-current, attached heat sinks volume weight is large, the normal reliable of guarantee electricity generation system
Work.In addition, in the two Y winding construction of above-mentioned 6 phases, the adjacent two-phase of motor exports and is connected to different rectifier bridges, if adjacent two-phase simultaneous faults, then obvious distortion must appear in rectifier output voltage, and therefore fault freedom is difficult to give full play to.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to overcome prior art deficiency, a kind of method for rectifying of DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator is provided and uses the wind-driven generator of this method for rectifying, while significantly reducing rectifier current stress and power loss, also there is extremely strong fault-tolerant ability.
The present invention is concrete by the following technical solutions: a kind of method for rectifying of wind-driven generator, described wind-driven generator is magneto alternator, described magneto alternator comprises 3N phase armature winding, and every phase armature winding has first end and the second end respectively, N be more than or equal to 2 integer; Connected correspondingly by 3N first end of the described 3N phase armature winding negative electrode of 3N electronegative potential rectifier diode that anode connects together respectively, the anode common point of this 3N electronegative potential rectifier diode is as the electronegative potential output of described wind-driven generator; Using every three-phase each other phase difference be the armature winding of 120 ° as a set of winding that works alone, described 3N phase armature winding is divided at least two groups, and often group comprises at least a set of winding that works alone, and it is identical often to organize the winding tricks that works alone that comprises; Second end of phase armature winding each in each group is connected to jointly the anode of a high potential rectifier diode corresponding with this group, and the negative electrode of the high potential rectifier diode corresponding to each group is connected to a common port, this common port is as the high-potential output end of described wind-driven generator.
A kind of wind-driven generator, be magneto alternator, described magneto alternator comprises 3N phase
Armature winding, every phase armature winding has first end and the second end respectively, N be more than or equal to 2 integer; 3N first end of the described 3N phase armature winding negative electrode of 3N electronegative potential rectifier diode that anode connects together respectively connects correspondingly, and the anode common point of this 3N electronegative potential rectifier diode is as the electronegative potential output of described wind-driven generator; Using every three-phase each other phase difference be the armature winding of 120 ° as a set of winding that works alone, described 3N phase armature winding is divided at least two groups, and often group comprises at least a set of winding that works alone, and it is identical often to organize the winding tricks that works alone that comprises; In each group, the second end of each phase armature winding is connected to the anode of a high potential rectifier diode corresponding with this group jointly, the negative electrode of the high potential rectifier diode corresponding to each group is connected to a common port, and this common port is as the high-potential output end of described DC permanent-magnetic brushless generator.
Preferably, described 3N phase armature winding is that 3N phase whole distance armature winding or 3N phase fraction groove concentrate armature winding.
Preferably, the value of described N is 3 or 4, that is described magneto alternator adopts 9 phase phase shift 40o armature winding or 12 phase phase shift 30o armature winding.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is owing to adopting the method for heterogeneous grouping rectification, often at least comprises a set of winding that can work independently in group, when part armature winding is opened a way, as long as there is a set of winding that works alone in a group normal, can ensure output voltage quality; When there is winding overhang short circuit and phase fault in often organizing, output voltage distortion is little, and still can ensure output voltage quality, therefore wind-driven generator of the present invention has high fault-tolerance;
(2) current stress in rectifying device of the present invention and power loss little, energy conversion efficiency is higher, and the caloric value produced due to rectifying device is little, directly can utilize electric motor end cap or casing heat radiation, realize the whole brushless DC generator system integration, reduce system bulk weight.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in technical scheme of the present invention, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in execution mode below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the two Y rectification circuit of 6 phases of existing DC permanent-magnetic brushless wind-force electrical machinery;
Fig. 2 is four whole apart from distribution armature winding permanent-magnet synchronous wind-force electrical machinery diagram of star-connection for electric potential slot winding to pole 48 groove;
Fig. 3 of the present invention 12 divides two groups of wind-driven generator rectification circuits mutually;
Fig. 4 of the present invention 12 divides four groups of wind-driven generator rectification circuits mutually;
Fig. 5 of the present invention 6 divides two groups of wind-driven generator rectification circuits mutually;
Fig. 6 four concentrates armature winding permanent-magnet synchronous wind-force electrical machinery diagram of star-connection for electric potential slot winding to pole 36 groove fractional-slot;
Fig. 7 of the present invention 9 divides three groups of wind-driven generator rectification circuits mutually.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 7, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail:
Magneto alternator is made up of stator and rotor two parts, and stationary part is made up of stator core and the embedding armature winding be around in its groove, and stator core is formed by silicon steel plate stacking.Rotor is made up of magnetised permanent magnets, rotor magnetic conductor and rotating shaft.Permanent magnet can adopt tangential magnet-steel or radial magnet steel structure.
Thinking of the present invention is divided into groups according to actual needs by the polyphase armature winding of magneto alternator, make in each group, at least to comprise the threephase armature winding that can work independently that a set of phase difference is each other 120 °, and coordinate corresponding rectification circuit, make wind-driven generator have high fault tolerance, reduce the current stress in rectifying device and power loss simultaneously.
For the ease of public understanding, with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail below.
Embodiment one,
In the present embodiment, wind-driven generator is four whole apart from distribution armature winding permagnetic synchronous motor to pole 48 groove, its diagram of star-connection for electric potential slot winding is as shown in Fig. 2, as can be seen from the figure this magneto alternator adopts 12 phase phase shift 30o armature winding, and 12 phase armature winding are respectively A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2.Branch road A1 is formed by No. 1 groove, No. 13 grooves, No. 25 grooves, No. 37 groove windings in series, and other 11 phase windings are formed according to same principle.Armature winding adopts whole apart from distribution form, and winding pitch is 6, and ideally, phase winding electromotive force is the trapezoidal wave of top width 120 °.This 12 phase armature winding is divided into two groups: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 totally 6 phase windings are first group, another 6 phase windings of X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2 are second group.A1, B1, C1 three-phase windings wherein in first group, and A2, B2, C2 three-phase windings, phase difference is 120 ° each other, forms a set of winding that can work independently respectively; Similar, X1, Y1, Z1 in second group, and X2, Y2, Z2, form a set of winding that can work independently respectively.
Grouping rectification circuit corresponding to this wind-driven generator is as shown in Fig. 3, comprise D21 ~ D34 totally 14 rectifier diodes, wherein, the anode of D21 ~ D32 12 rectifier diodes altogether links together, form a common point, for the cold end of output dc voltage Udc, end cap or the casing (being equivalent to ground connection) of generator can be directly connected in, and utilize generator ' s cover or housing heat radiation; The negative electrode of these 12 rectifier diodes of D21 ~ D32 is connected with one end of 12 phase winding A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2 respectively.This 6 phase winding of A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 in first group another
One end all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D33, and the other end of this 6 phase winding of X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2 in second group all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D34.The negative electrode of rectifier diode D33, D34 is connected to a common port, and this common port is the high potential of output dc voltage Udc.
When in this 6 phase winding of A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, the C2 in first group, have and mutually open circuit fault occurs lower than the some of 6 phases, even all there is open circuit fault in 6 phase windings, as long as this 6 phase winding of X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2 in second group and coupled D27 ~ D32, D34 diode still normally work, rectifier circuit portion in second group still can produce normal output voltage, ensures output voltage quality.There is similar fault at second group of winding in this principle, but first group when still normally working
Still be suitable for.
Embodiment two,
Still whole apart from distribution armature winding permagnetic synchronous motor to pole 48 groove for four shown in Fig. 2, according to technical scheme of the present invention, its 12 phase phase shift 30o armature winding also can be divided into 4 groups, A1, B1, C1 totally 3 phase windings are one group, A2, B2, C2 totally 3 phase windings are one group, X1, Y1, Z1 totally 3 phase windings are one group, and X2, Y2, Z2 totally 3 phase windings are one group.
Grouping rectification circuit corresponding to this wind-driven generator is as shown in Fig. 4, comprise D35 ~ D50 totally 16 rectifier diodes, with similar in embodiment one, the anode of 12 rectifier diodes altogether of D35 ~ D46 wherein links together, form a common point, for the cold end of output dc voltage Udc, end cap or the casing (being equivalent to ground connection) of generator can be directly connected in, and utilize generator ' s cover or housing heat radiation; The negative electrode of these 12 rectifier diodes of D35 ~ D46 is connected with one end of 12 phase winding A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2 respectively.The other end of A1, B1, C1 totally 3 phase windings all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D47, the other end of A2, B2, C2 totally 3 phase windings all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D48, the other end of X1, Y1, Z1 totally 3 phase windings all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D49, and the other end of X2, Y2, Z2 totally 3 phase windings all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D50.The negative electrode of four rectifier diode D47 ~ D50 is connected to a common port, and this common port is the high potential of output dc voltage Udc.
When in this 3 phase winding of A1, B1, the C1 in first group, have and mutually open circuit fault occurs lower than the some of 3 phases, even all there is open circuit fault in 3 phase windings, as long as 3 phase windings in its excess-three group and coupled diode still normally work, rectifier circuit portion in this group just still can produce normal output voltage, ensures output voltage quality; Even in four groups, have in three groups the fault that is short-circuited, as long as 3 phase windings in remaining a group and coupled diode still normally work, the rectifier circuit portion in this group just still can produce normal output voltage, ensures output voltage quality.
Embodiment three,
For 6 phase armature winding in the present embodiment.For simplicity, still whole apart from distribution armature winding permagnetic synchronous motor to pole 48 groove for four shown in Fig. 2, according to Fig. 2, when parallel branch number is 1, because A1 and X1 phase winding electric potential direction is contrary, can by A1, X1 phase winding reverse parallel connection to form A1-X1 phase winding, a branch road A1 is formed by No. 1 groove, No. 13 grooves, No. 25 grooves, No. 37 groove windings in series; Another branch road X1 is formed by No. 7 grooves, No. 19 grooves, No. 31 grooves, No. 43 groove windings in series.Other 5 phase windings B1-Y1, C1-Z1, A2-X2, B2-Y2, C2-Z2 can according in like manner forming, totally 6 phase windings.So just 12 phase phase shift 30o armature winding of former permagnetic synchronous motor are reassembled as 6 phase phase shift 60o armature winding.According to same principle, 6 phase phase shift 60o armature winding also can be split into 12 phase phase shift 30o armature winding.The 6 phase phase shift 60o armature winding obtained of recombinating are divided into two groups, and A1-X1, B1-Y1, C1-Z1 are one group, and A2-X2, B2-Y2, C2-Z2 are one group, comprise a set of winding that can work independently respectively.
Grouping rectification circuit corresponding to this wind-driven generator is as shown in Fig. 5, comprise D13 ~ D20 totally 8 rectifier diodes, wherein the anode of D13 ~ D18 6 rectifier diodes altogether links together, form a common point, for the cold end of output dc voltage Udc, end cap or the casing (being equivalent to ground connection) of generator can be directly connected in, and utilize generator ' s cover or housing heat radiation; The negative electrode of these 6 rectifier diodes of D13 ~ D18 is connected with one end of 6 phase winding A1-X1, B1-Y1, C1-Z1, A2-X2, B2-Y2, C2-Z2 respectively.The other end of this 3 phase winding of A1-X1, B1-Y1, C1-Z1 is all connected with the anode of rectifier diode D19, and the other end of this three-phase windings of A2-X2, B2-Y2, C2-Z2 is all connected with the anode of rectifier diode D20.The negative electrode of two rectifier diodes D19, D20 is connected to a common port, and this common port is the high potential of output dc voltage Udc.
When in this 3 phase winding of A1-X1, B1-Y1, C1-Z1 in first group, have and mutually open circuit fault occurs lower than the some of 3 phases, even all there is open circuit fault in 3 phase windings, as long as this 3 phase winding of A2-X2, B2-Y2, C2-Z2 in second group and coupled D16 ~ D18, D20 diode still normally work, rectifier circuit portion in second group still can produce normal output voltage, ensures output voltage quality.There is similar fault at second group of winding in this principle, but first group is still suitable for when still normally working.
Embodiment four,
For 9 phase armature winding in the present embodiment.For four shown in Fig. 6, armature winding permagnetic synchronous motor diagram of star-connection for electric potential slot winding is concentrated to pole 36 groove fractional-slot, as can be seen from the figure this wind-driven generator adopts 9 phase phase shift 40o armature winding, and 9 phase armature winding are respectively A3, A4, A5, B3, B4, B5, C3, C4, C5.Branch road A3 is formed by No. 1 groove, No. 10 grooves, No. 19 grooves, No. 28 groove windings in series, and other eight phase windings are formed according to same principle.Because armature winding adopts fractional-slot concentratred winding distribution form, armature winding is directly enclosed within each stator tooth.Ideally, phase winding electromotive force is the trapezoidal wave of top width 120 °.This 9 phase armature winding is divided into three groups: A3, B3, C3 totally 3 phase windings are first group, A4, B4, C4
Totally 3 phase windings are second group, and A5, B5, C5 totally 3 phase windings are the 3rd group.A3, B3, C3 three-phase windings wherein in first group each other phase difference is 120 °, forms a set of winding that can work independently respectively; Similar, A4, B4, C4 winding in second group, and A5, B5, C5 winding, form a set of winding that can work independently respectively.
Grouping rectification circuit corresponding to this wind-driven generator is as shown in Fig. 7, comprise D51 ~ D62 totally 12 rectifier diodes, with similar in embodiment one, the anode of 9 rectifier diodes altogether of D51 ~ D59 wherein links together, form a common point, for the cold end of output dc voltage Udc, end cap or the casing (being equivalent to ground connection) of generator can be directly connected in, and utilize generator ' s cover or housing heat radiation; The negative electrode of these 9 rectifier diodes of D51 ~ D59 is connected with one end of 9 phase winding A3, A4, A5, B3, B4, B5, C3, C4, C5 respectively.The other end of A3, B3, C3 totally 3 phase windings all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D60, the other end of A4, B4, C4 totally 3 phase windings all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D61, and the other end of A5, B5, C5 totally 3 phase windings all links together with the anode of rectifier diode D62.The negative electrode of three rectifier diode D60 ~ D62 is connected to a common port, and this common port is the high potential of output dc voltage Udc.
When in this 3 phase winding of A3, B3, the C3 in first group, have and mutually open circuit fault occurs lower than the some of 3 phases, even all there is open circuit fault in 3 phase windings, as long as 3 phase windings in all the other two groups of groups and coupled diode still normally work, rectifier circuit portion in this group just still can produce normal output voltage, ensures output voltage quality; Even in three groups, have in two groups the fault that is short-circuited, as long as 3 phase windings in remaining a group and coupled diode still normally work, the rectifier circuit portion in this group just still can produce normal output voltage, ensures output voltage quality.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for rectifying for wind-driven generator, described wind-driven generator is magneto alternator, and described magneto alternator comprises 3N phase armature winding, and every phase armature winding has first end and the second end respectively, N be more than or equal to 2 integer; It is characterized in that,
Connected correspondingly by 3N first end of the described 3N phase armature winding negative electrode of 3N electronegative potential rectifier diode that anode connects together respectively, the anode common point of this 3N electronegative potential rectifier diode is as the electronegative potential output of described wind-driven generator;
Using every three-phase each other phase difference be the armature winding of 120 ° as a set of winding that works alone, described 3N phase armature winding is divided at least two groups, and often group comprises at least a set of winding that works alone, and it is identical often to organize the winding tricks that works alone that comprises;
Second end of phase armature winding each in each group is connected to jointly the anode of a high potential rectifier diode corresponding with this group, and the negative electrode of the high potential rectifier diode corresponding to each group is connected to a common port, this common port is as the high-potential output end of described wind-driven generator.
2. the method for rectifying of wind-driven generator as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, to be that 3N phase is whole concentrate armature winding apart from armature winding or 3N phase fraction groove with described 3N phase armature winding.
3. the method for rectifying of wind-driven generator as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the value of described N is 3 or 4.
4. a wind-driven generator is magneto alternator, and described magneto alternator comprises 3N phase armature winding, and every phase armature winding has first end and the second end respectively, N be more than or equal to 2 integer; It is characterized in that, 3N first end of the described 3N phase armature winding negative electrode of 3N electronegative potential rectifier diode that anode connects together respectively connects correspondingly, and the anode common point of this 3N electronegative potential rectifier diode is as the electronegative potential output of described wind-driven generator; Using every three-phase each other phase difference be the armature winding of 120 ° as a set of winding that works alone, described 3N phase armature winding is divided at least two groups, and often group comprises at least a set of winding that works alone, and it is identical often to organize the winding tricks that works alone that comprises; In each group, to be jointly connected to a high potential corresponding with this group whole for the second end of each phase armature winding
The anode of stream diode, the negative electrode of the high potential rectifier diode corresponding to each group is connected to a common port, and this common port is as the high-potential output end of described wind-driven generator.
5. the wind-driven generator as described in claim 4, is characterized in that, described 3N phase armature winding is that 3N phase whole distance armature winding or 3N phase fraction groove concentrate armature winding.
6. the wind-driven generator as described in claim 4, is characterized in that, the value of described N is 3 or 4.
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| CN201510137311.7A CN104682645A (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2015-03-27 | Wind driven generator rectification method and wind driven generator |
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| CN203135656U (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-08-14 | 北京奥博汽车电子电器有限公司 | Rectification structure of generator stator winding |
| CN103683686A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Permanent magnet brushless DC power generator rectification method and permanent magnet brushless DC power generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2604820Y (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-25 | 苏新页 | Six-phase half-wave rectification electric generator for vehicle air conditioner |
| CN101247065A (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2008-08-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Direct-driving electric excitation double-salient pole fault-tolerance aerogenerator |
| CN203135656U (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-08-14 | 北京奥博汽车电子电器有限公司 | Rectification structure of generator stator winding |
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Application publication date: 20150603 |
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