CN104681349B

CN104681349B - Without electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel

Info

Publication number: CN104681349B
Application number: CN201510067567.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙毅彪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-02-06
Filing date: 2015-02-06
Publication date: 2018-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 2035-02-06
Also published as: CN104681349A

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of no electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel,By mechanical switch K,Bridge switch,Controller P,Input and output measuring instrument V1 and V2 are constituted,Its bridge switch is with diode D1,D2,D3,D4 is bridge arm,With a one to be mutually in parallel group noncontacting switch (T1T2...Tn) groups of n (n >=2) for bridge,Enter end as bridge switch using D1 anodes and D2 cathode tie point,Using D3 anodes and D4 cathode tie point as bridge switch outlet,Bridge switch enters end and enters that the same high input voltage (IR) that connects is held to hold with the contacts K,Bridge switch outlet is held with the contacts K outlet with High voltage output (OUT) is connect,Switching group control pole meets P,K main contacts first breaks and breaks after switching group when separating brake,Switching group is first led to and is led to after K main contacts when combined floodgate,It has been inherently eliminated the condition of electric arc generation,Existing high-voltage circuitbreaker is replaced with this breaker,Then the project of high-voltage circuitbreaker prevention and control electric arc will not exist.

Description

Without electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel

Technical field

The utility model, which relates to, relates generally to high-tension electricity field, more particularly to the high pressure open circuit of 3KV or more voltage levels Device.

Background technology

Since the dawn of human civilization, why all kinds of high-power breakers being mounted in the power supplying and distributing equipment of electric system can be according to people Will be switched on or switched off all kinds of load circuits, especially can reliably disconnect short-circuit class faulty circuit, key is breaker The arc-suppression function of arc quenching system.

It is well known that when manipulating non-idler circuit, the movable contact and stationary contact of breaker are before connection or after disconnecting Moment forms highfield under rated voltage due to spacing very little, medium or air ionization is caused to puncture, dynamic and static to generate Electric arc between contact.Operating current is bigger in circuit, the more high then electric arc of rated voltage is more serious.In 1KV (1000V) and below In system, the technology of arc protection is relatively easy, and cost is relatively relatively low.But the arc protection skill of 3KV (3000V) and the above high-pressure system Art and cost then can not be ignored.For 10KV oil-minimum breakers, only when cut-offfing the short circuit current of 20KA ranks, produced by Arc power just up to more than 10 megawatts (10000KW), the electric arc column temperature between the dynamic and static contact of breaker is up to 6000- 7000 degrees Celsius, even more than 10000 degrees Celsius, phase fault occurs for circuit where electric arc can cause, and short circuit is electric Arc can cause the huge serious accident of electric system.Therefore, then high power load circuit switches on and off for no arc extinguishing technology It cannot achieve, the excision of faulty circuit is even more impossible.Only guaranteed safe arc extinguishing just can guarantee closing of power circuit breaker or The action success of load circuit is disconnected, especially breaker main contacts is in the moment for disconnecting short-circuit current, if cannot be reliable Arc extinguishing will necessarily cause destructive disaster.

So far, the high-voltage circuitbreaker of the 3KV or more of the universal on-line operation of electric system is mainly divided into three with common Major class：That is " oil-break " (point " heavy wool switch " and " low-oil-content circuit-breaker "), vacuum circuit breaker and SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride) breaker. Insulating oil wherein is housed in the closed arc-chutes of oil-break, breaker main contact is immersed in oil and works, by the exhausted of oil Edge acts on and accelerates with the insulating effect of air the strong electric arc of extinguishing on-off circuit moment generation；The closed of vacuum circuit breaker goes out It is high vacuum in arc chamber, vacuum insulating effect inhibits electric arc；And it is then equipped with and uses in the arc-chutes of SF6 breakers In the sulfur hexafluoride liquid of arc extinguishing.Oil-break there is may set off an explosion at any time under fault condition, splash, the expansions such as burning The danger of accident range, therefore gradually substituted by vacuum circuit breaker and SF6 breakers；And vacuum circuit breaker constructions it is complicated, Repair is complicated and disjunction high current ability is limited；SF6 breakers stop and arc quenching effect is more satisfactory but complexity and cost More than vacuum circuit breaker；There are also the breaker of other modes arc extinguishing but technology or safety etc. due to and application is not general enough And.Using arc extinguishing as the mesohigh circuit breaker since the advent of the world of advanced subject, constantly deduces, changes and weeds out the old and bring forth the new, Service life is more than a century, but basic principle is never reformed, and the advanced subject faced never changes, Ren Heyi Design for product must resolve arc-suppression function first, and opening or closing for the main contact of any kind of high-voltage circuitbreaker is all necessary It is provided simultaneously with " confined space, arc-extinguishing medium, arc blow-out air-flow and contact high temperature resistant " four conditions.For this purpose, to consider arc-chutes work Skill it is highly reliable, it is ensured that arc blows the scientific and reasonable of system, and switch contact will use heat safe precious alloy material, examine Consider the quality and purity of arc-extinguishing medium, for arc extinguishing, the structure of breaker can not simplify, and cost is high.

Oil-break is born in 1895, is extended to before nineteen thirty, be mainly used in 3 at present, 6,10KV or more In high-pressure system.Vacuum circuit breaker (independently develops vacuum circuit breaker and starts from the seventies in China) first appeared in the fifties, initially common In~380/220V systems and~690V systems, stepped into 3 later, 6,10KV systems.And SF6 breakers are to develop in recent years The novel breaker to get up is most commonly in 10KV distribution systems.Cost, service life, structure type and the electricity of these breakers Gas performance depends mainly on the quality of arc-suppression function and main contact alloy, how to ensure that main contacts is switching on and off load circuit Powerful electric arc does not cause the accident caused by (especially disconnecting short trouble circuit) moment, is research and development of products and design always Most critical point.Although arc extinguishing requires that breaker structure complex, cost is made to increase several times, in practice continue always；Though Right arc extinguishing technology both domestic and external is being improved and is being innovated always, but does not find most cheap scientific method always, the theme of arc extinguishing Always it can not avoid.

The development of power electronic technique has pushed the birth of high-power electric and electronic switch and module, due to power electronics mould The change of the on or off state of block be the diffusion of the free electron inside the semi-conducting material and stop diffusion as a result, its Process occurs without electric arc, and thus having inspired people to substitute mechanical switch with electronic power switch (i.e. noncontacting switch) (has contact Switch) thinking.Once in the nineties in last century, development and progress, insider recognized noncontacting switch product in high gear " contactless " epoch will be all come into for all kinds of high-power breakers, however, being found in practice：When high-power electric and electronic module is long Between bearing load electric current generate larger power consumption, the hot hidden danger that can not avoid comes more risk and hidden danger to system safety belt, Therefore mechanical switch can not be substituted, it is even more impossible to replace middle high-pressure power circuit breaker.

Power circuit breaker was born over more than 100 years, and the brainstrust of research and development of products locks arc extinguishing project and earnestly tackles key problems always；And Power electronic technique is born in decades, and the brainstrust of research and development of products is earnestly tackled key problems using efficient, high speed and low-heat as project always, The change of breaker basic structure and basic model is nobody shows any interest in, unmanned release can not only evade switching arc but also can evade The high-power breaker scheme of online thermal losses risk.

Invention content

The present invention provides a kind of no electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel, by mechanical switch K, contactless bridge switch (hereinafter referred to as " bridge switch "), controller P, input and output measuring instrument V1 and V2 are constituted, by noncontacting switch have can nothing The good characteristic and mechanical switch of electric arc on and off carry characteristic of the electric current without hot hidden danger and effectively combine online, and evade two Person's drawback, bridge switch is first connected, leads to behind the contacts K when combined floodgate, and the contacts K first disconnect and break after bridge switch when tripping；Long-time bearing is negative Charged current leans on the contacts K, and the moment before closing a floodgate or after tripping eliminates the contacts K by the conducting state of bridge switch and enters between end and outlet Voltage, to ensure that being opened or closed for the contacts K does not generate electric arc.It is substituted with this no electric arc type high-voltage circuitbreaker aforementioned all kinds of Existing high-voltage circuitbreaker can be widely used in the high-voltage electric power systems such as 3KV, 6KV, 10KV, 22KV, 33KV and 66KV, Especially for the longitudinal short troubles at different levels at different levels, lateral of cut-out short circuit current and isolation, for docking intelligent electric power network Deng meaning is all very great.In the same way, such disconnected if researching and developing successfully extra-high voltage type high-power electric and electronic switch Road device can also be widely used in extra-high voltage electric system.

Implement this patent, can thoroughly change the structure of the traditional high-voltage circuitbreaker of existing one-hundred-year history, causes height and break Major progress and change of the road device in basic structure, control protection electric circuit etc., can the research and development of rapid stimulation power electronic devices The research and development interest and target of power electronic devices are directed toward extra-high voltage field by quotient and manufacturer, to promote extra-high voltage field The birth of novel electric power switch product, and promote research and development and production of the extra-high voltage field without electric arc type breaker, to push The technological change and leap in power switch field.

The parting of conventional circuit breaker structure is complicated, outer shape is different, control and protection circuit are complicated, in arc-chutes in It is secret similar, between current-carrying moving contact and static contact point or the physical action that closes and its simple but bogged down in crisis！ In the last hundred years, insider is difficult to always free with prevention awareness at heart to the height fear of high-voltage circuitbreaker arc accident.And The puzzlement of electric arc is then not present in no electric arc type power circuit breaker, the simple action that can make current-carrying contact or divide or close returns certainly So.

The outstanding advantages of this patent are the electric arc prevention and control problems thoroughly evaded high-voltage circuitbreaker and faced, and eliminate and aim at All additional mechanism providing additional operations of arc extinguishing design, enormously simplify the basic structure and control protection electric circuit of high-voltage circuitbreaker, can not only save The great amount of cost (manpower, technology, material) for saving breaker, significantly improves its safety, reliability and service life, also Especially suitable for realizing intelligent control, be conducive to the structure of the following intelligent grid.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1-1 is the single-phase main electrical scheme principle schematic of this patent product

Fig. 1-2 is the three-phase main electrical scheme principle schematic of this patent product

Fig. 2-1 is the rough schematic of conventional circuit breaker arc quenching chamber structure

Fig. 2-2 is the rough schematic view that 4 kinds of arcs blow system in arc-chutes

Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2 is only single-phase and point of three-phase, and operation principle is identical, but the machine in three-phase breaker Tool switch K can be switched by the same coil or the integrated machine of driving device synchronous interaction three-phase contact, also can be by three A independent single-phase machinery switch composition.

Specific implementation mode

Such as Fig. 1-1, shown in 1-2, no electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel is by mechanical switch K, bridge switch, control Device P and measuring instrument V1 and V2 is constituted, bridge switch using D1, D2, D3, D4 as bridge arm, with a oncontactings being mutually in parallel of n (n >=2) Point switch (T1, T2...Tn) is bridge, and bridge switch enters end and enters to hold with power input (IR) end is connect with K main contacts, and outlet is touched with K Point outlet with connecing power supply output (OUT) end, the control pole of T1, T2...Tn with meeting P, the control line of P be also connected with K coil or The signal wire connection V1 and V2 of driving device, P.

According to the difference of the connection type and quantity of noncontacting switch pipe in bridge switch, no electric arc type intelligence bridge-type high pressure is disconnected Contactless channel in the device of road is divided into intelligent bridge-type, intelligent bridge-type in parallel, the intelligent bridge-type of series connection, matrix intelligence bridge-type, learning bridge Strong control formula, learning bridge in parallel control by force formula, series connection learning bridge controls by force formula and matrix learning bridge eight type such as control formula, system are referred to as by force " bridge switch " is intelligent bridge-type in parallel described in this patent, it is characterized in that using diode D1, D2, D3, D4 as bridge arm, simultaneously with 1 group It is bridge to join noncontacting switch (T1, T2...Tn, n >=2), and principle is described as follows：

Separating brake process (trip process)：The contacts K carry electric current before separating brake, switching group in bridge switch (T1, T2...Tn it) can be off state, can also be that (closure of the contacts K keeps entering for bridge switch electric between end and outlet to conducting state Nearly 0 is crimped, the electric current flowed through is also close to 0), when monitoring fault and judge to need separating brake or receive manually to divide After lock order, P controls T1, T2...Tn and is reliably connected first, then control K contact disjunctions, flow through the contacts K load current or Fault current can be automatically transferred to bridge switch channel with the disconnection of K main contacts, be realized between the contacts K and bridge switch channel negative The contacts K cut-off signal is waited for after current-carrying no electric arc handing-over, bridge switch is at once after receiving the signal that the contacts K have reliably been cut-off Close (T1, T2...Tn end) and T1, T2...Tn have no electric arc in procedures of turn-off, breaker is in entire open circuit mistake There is no electric arc generation, overall process that can be completed in 10ms-100ms (adjustable) in journey.

Circuit cut-offs (i.e. breaker open operation), and P ensures that the contacts K are off and bridge switch is in close always and (cut afterwards T1, T2...Tn stop) state, it is ensured that malfunction of closing a floodgate will not occur.

Making process (connects process)：In the case where the main contacts of bridge switch and K is in off state, work as monitoring To combined floodgate desired signal (prepared auto restart signal) or manually after reclosing command, P control bridge switch conduction (T1, T2...Tn first Conducting), K contact closures are immediately controlled after monitoring signal that bridge switch is reliably connected, since bridge switch has been before K contact closures Through being connected and carrying whole load currents, therefore the enter end and outlet of the contacts K are to complete to be closed close to 0 voltage, Therefore electric arc is not generated, just taking over bridge switch carry load electric current after K contact closures automatically, (enter end and the outlet of bridge switch are in and connect Closely by the state of the main contacts short circuit of K), bridge switch channel hereafter, which can continue to open, (not to be influenced K work, will not generate Heat), it can also be automatically closed (T1, T2...Tn end), controller P, which then enters, joins circuit voltage, electric current and bridge switch The monitoring of number situation and monitoring state, carry out emergency trip and the preparation of fault alarm.

The standard machinery switch K refers to common, without arc-control device, do not need specific alloy relay class or Other automatically controlled class mechanical switch can also be Power Flow class or mechanical energy storage class switch etc. with current-carrying main contacts, master Contact is controlled by coil or driving device, and coil or driving device are controlled by P, can also be controlled by the relay controlled by P Or contactor, K main contacts enter end and what outlet was separately connected bridge switch enters end and outlet.

The bridge switch, by diode D1, D2, D3, D4 and noncontacting switch group (T1, T2...Tn, n >=2) structure in parallel It is that bridge switch enters end at, D1 anodes and D2 cathode tie points, D3 anodes and D4 cathode tie points are bridge switch outlet, D1 anodes, The cathode concurrent connection of D3 anodes and T1, T2...Tn, the positive concurrent connection of D2 cathode, D4 cathode and T1, T2...Tn, switch The control pole of group T1, T2...Tn are same to meet P, in the case where polarity concatenate rule is constant, the position of diode D1-D4 in bridge switch It sets and can be interchanged with the position of T1, T2...Tn, bridge switch enters end and enters that the same power input (IR) that connects is held to hold with the contacts K, bridge switch With connecing power supply output (OUT) end, D1-D4 can be the high-tension electricity diode of disposable type for outlet and the contacts K outlet, T1, T2...Tn can be half control type or full-control type power electronic switch or module (such as：SCR、GTR、GTO、IGBT、IGCT、 IEGT, SIT, BSIT, SITH, IPM, PIC, MOSFET or P-MOSFET etc.).

The controller P can be all kinds of computers, microcontroller or chip, control panel, industrial personal computer (such as PLC), all kinds of Control instrument or intelligent control module etc., major function are to receive the monitoring signals from V1V2, network operating mode where judging And failure, automatically form the instruction repertorie of combined floodgate or separating brake and execution.The signal wire of P and current or voltage measuring instrument (V1, V2) it is connected, control line should be connected with the control pole of T1, T2...Tn, be connected again with the control coil of K or driving device.

The measuring instrument V₁And V₂, can be any type electrical transformation device (such as voltage or power pack, waveform Aberration rate or voltage fluctuation amplitude or current changing rate quasi-converter class) or monitoring class instrument or monitoring devices (such as Hall member Part class) etc., wherein V1 is for monitoring mains side vertical and horizontal operating conditions at different levels, and V2 is for monitoring load-side operating condition. The end (OUT) is held and is exported in the input (IR) that the two is respectively installed in breaker with the pattern of isolation, and signal wire connects P.

Influenced by device for high-power power electronic resistance to voltage levels reality, the utility model be primarily adapted for use in 3KV, 6KV, The high-pressure system breaker of each voltage level such as 10KV, 33KV, 66KV, those skilled in the art know, in the technology of the present invention Under thinking frame, can by be used in series device for high-power power electronic realize higher voltage rank electric system nothing Electric arc break-make, and after the advent of high-power, high voltage type power electronic devices is successful, it can directly use large power high voltage with standing grade Other power electronic devices is with standard machinery switch cooperation realization higher voltage field without electric arc break-make.Therefore, of the invention The voltage scope of application is not restricted by, as long as in field of strong electricity to evade electric arc for the purpose of and use power electronic devices or Module and standard machinery switch constitute jointly no electric arc power circuit breaker or high-power non electric-arc switch is exactly the protection of this patent Range.

However, with advances in technology, in the case where the thinking of the present invention is guided, by the cooperation of other thinkings or technology, originally Invention can be applied to that the more advanced technical barrier of other field is solved or improved in other technologies device or design scheme, consider To the shared technological progress that can push more areas of technological progress thinking, be conducive to the overall situation of technological change and development, therefore only It solves the problems, such as and application range is different from this patent, it, will not be by this specially even all having applied mechanically the thinking of this patent Li quanren is considered as abuse.

Claims

1. a kind of no electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel, it is characterized in that：By mechanical switch K, bridge switch, controller P, Input and output measuring instrument V1 and measuring instrument V2 are constituted, and bridge switch is with diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, two poles Pipe D4 is bridge arm, using n noncontacting switch group in parallel as bridge, and the noncontacting switch is indicated with T1T2...Tn, wherein n >= 2, be that bridge switch enters end using the diode D1 anodes and the diode D2 cathode tie point, with the diode D3 anodes and The diode D4 cathode tie points are bridge switch outlet, and bridge switch enters end and the contacts mechanical switch K and enters end and connect high input voltage together End, for bridge switch outlet with the contacts mechanical switch K outlet with high-voltage output end is connect, the control pole of T1T2...Tn is same to meet controller P, The contacts mechanical switch K first break and break after switching group when breaker open operation, when combined floodgate switching group first lead to and behind the contacts mechanical switch K It is logical, to eliminate the condition of electric arc generation；

The measuring instrument V1 and measuring instrument V2 with monitoring function is any type electrical transformation device or monitoring class Instrument or monitoring devices enter end and outlet, the measuring instrument V1 and monitoring with what the pattern of isolation was respectively installed in breaker The signal wire of instrument V2 meets controller P；

The monitoring devices is Hall element；

The electrical transformation is the transformation of voltage or electric current, wave aberration rate, voltage fluctuation amplitude and current changing rate；

Replace existing high-voltage circuitbreaker with no electric arc type bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel intelligent, can use 3KV, 6KV, In 10KV, 22KV, 33KV and 66KV high-voltage electric power system.

2. no electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel according to claim 1, is characterized in：Mechanical switch K is energy All kinds of mechanical switch for not differentiating between dynamic and static contact either of movable contact and stationary contact are divided into, or are touched with current-carrying master Power Flow or the mechanical energy storage switch of point, the contacts the mechanical switch K enter end and what outlet was separately connected bridge switch enters end And outlet, the actuation coil or driving device of mechanical switch K are controlled by controller P, or are controlled by the relay controlled by controller P Device, contactor.

3. no electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：Bridge switch, with Diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4 are bridge arm, with 1 group of noncontacting switch T1T2...Tn in parallel, n >=2 Group is bridge, and the diode D2 anodes are that bridge switch enters end, the diode D4 anodes with the diode D1 cathode tie points Be bridge switch outlet with the diode D3 cathode tie points, diode D1 anode, the diode D3 anodes with The cathode concurrent of T1T2...Tn connects, and the anode of the diode D2 cathode, the diode D4 cathode and T1T2...Tn is total Point connection, bridge switch enter end and the contacts mechanical switch K and enter end with connecing power input, bridge switch outlet and the contacts mechanical switch K For outlet with power output end is connect, the control pole of T1T2...Tn is electric for high-power high voltage with controller P, the diode D1-D4 is met Power diode, T1T2...Tn are high-voltage and high-power power electronic switching tube or module, the high-voltage and high-power power electronic switch Pipe or module are SCR, GTR, GTO, IGBT, IGCT, IEGT, SIT, BSIT, SITH, IPM, PIC, MOSFET or P-MOSFET.

4. no electric arc type intelligent bridge-type high-voltage circuitbreaker in parallel according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that：Controller P, It is all kinds of computers, microcontroller or chip, control panel, all kinds of control instruments or intelligent control module, the signal of the controller P Line meets measuring instrument V1, monitoring V2 and artificial outer input signal device, and the control line of the controller P connects the control of T1T2...Tn The actuation coil or driving device of pole processed and mechanical switch K.