CN104678390B - Ultra-wideband direct chaotic speed-measuring and ranging radar device based on heterodyne correlation method - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband direct chaotic speed-measuring and ranging radar device based on heterodyne correlation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104678390B CN104678390B CN201510104133.8A CN201510104133A CN104678390B CN 104678390 B CN104678390 B CN 104678390B CN 201510104133 A CN201510104133 A CN 201510104133A CN 104678390 B CN104678390 B CN 104678390B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
- G01S13/581—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets
- G01S13/582—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets adapted for simultaneous range and velocity measurements
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband direct chaotic speed-measuring and ranging radar device based on a heterodyne correlation method. The ultra-wideband direct chaotic speed-measuring and ranging radar device is characterized in that a chaotic signal generated by a ultra-wideband chaotic generator is directly taken as a radar signal and is divided into three ways of in-phase components by a wideband power splitter, wherein the first way is taken as a detection signal and is transmitted by a broadband ridged horn antenna; the second way is mixed with an intrinsic signal generated by a signal generator and is taken as a reference signal I; the third way is taken as a reference signal II, is directly inputted to a data acquisition and processing unit and is subjected to cross-correlation processing with echo signals. A target scattering signal and a clutter signal are taken as the echo signals to be received by the broadband ridged horn antenna, each of echo signals is divided into two ways of in-phase components; the first way is directly inputted into the data acquisition and processing unit to be subjected to data acquisition and related processing; the second way is subjected to heterodyne processing with the reference signal I and is inputted to an I/Q frequency mixer firstly and then the data acquisition and processing unit to be acquired; the speed information of a target is extracted from an output signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radar detection apparatus technical field, more particularly to a kind of ultra broadband based on heterodyne correlation method is straight
Connect chaos to test the speed range radar device, can be applicable to the fields such as remote sensing, investigation.
Background technology
With the fast development of information technology, radar has become the indispensable instruments such as modern communicationses, military guarantee.
Under multiple complex jamming environment, various applications it is also proposed higher requirement to radar, i.e.,:It is high precision, strong antijamming capability, many
Target following, multi-path jamming is little, adaptive performance is good etc., so having derived ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR therewith.ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR is referred to
Radar of the bandwidth of operation more than or equal to its centre frequency 25%.Compared with Narrow-band Radar, the advantage of ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR is to pass
Defeated speed is high;Security and good confidentiality, there is very strong disguise, it is difficult to be trapped;Positioning precision is high, system range resolution ratio
It is high;Multi-path resolved ability is strong;Power consumption is low.So sight to be focused on increasing researcher the research of ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR
And design.
In the research and design of ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR, design and the selection of waveform directly affect the target information amount of acquisition,
Particularly spatially extended target.The appropriate waveform of design needs consideration factors, such as:It is range resolution ratio, how general
Strangle restriction of resolution ratio, detection environment, system cost and applying frequency etc..
Chaotic signal is noise-like signal, sensitive to initial value, controllable, frequency spectrum width, with ultra broadband characteristic and good phase
Characteristic is closed, can realize rise from sub with DOPPLER RESOLUTION, strong anti-interference, strong anti-multipath fading, forceful electric power in radar application
Counter-measure and good target identification etc..So ultra wide band chaotic radar becomes the study hotspot of new system radar.
Ultra wide band chaotic signal can be produced by electrical domain or light domain system.At present electrical domain chaotic signal can be by simulating electricity
Road produces, such as:Follow-on Colpitts chaotic oscillating circuits.Area of light chaotic signal can by light feedback, electro-optical feedback or
The mode of light injection produces chaos light, and then converting optical signal into electric signal by optical-electrical converter carries out target acquisition.Two
The mode of kind is each advantageous, and the chaotic signal centre frequency and bandwidth that light domain system is produced is flexibly controllable, and bandwidth may be up to tens of
GHz;The chaotic signal amplitude that electrical domain system is produced is big, is combined that to can reach centre frequency flexibly controllable with frequency mixer, and produces into
This is low.
2004, the chaotic laser light that Liu Jiaming of University of California in Los Angeles et al. is produced using semiconductor laser,
Jing after opto-electronic conversion as radar emission signal, for extraterrestrial target range finding (IEEE Journal of Quantum
Electronics, 40 (6), 815-820,2004 and IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 40 (6),
682-689,2004);2007 to 2010, the history of Zhejiang University was managed state affairs et al. and have studied the chaos of Colpitts circuits generation
Signal as radar signal antijamming capability (Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 77,1-14,
2007), and applied to object ranging emulation and experiment (Progress In Electromagnetics Research,
90,15-30,2009 and Journal of Electromagnetics Waves and Application, 24,1229-
1239,2010);Since 2008, the Wang Yun ability seminar of Institutes Of Technology Of Taiyuan is carried out to chaotic laser light anti-jamming ability of radar
Analysis (infrared and laser engineering, 36 (z1), 214-218,2007 and Chinese laser, 38 (5), 0514002,2011) and by its
Be applied to multi-Goal Measure (Chinese Optics Letters, 11,868-870,2008) and automobile collision preventing (Chinese laser,
36 (9), 2426-2430,2009) etc. field.These chaotic radars are directly as radar signal, referred to as directly by chaotic signal
Connect chaotic radar.Additionally, Canadian McMaster University, domestic Institutes Of Technology Of Nanjing, Nanjing Aero-Space University, electronic section
The researcher of the research institutions such as skill university, Xian Electronics Science and Technology University, Guilin Electronic Science and Technology Univ., BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics will
Chaotic signal used as modulated signal, as radar emission waveform after being modulated to continuous wave or pulse signal, referred to as adjust by chaos
Radar processed.
There are some researches show that the direct chaotic radar of ultra broadband can be used for space or the object ranging after barrier, due to these
Radar system is detected using traditional directly related method, therefore can only extract the range information of target, and lost target
Phase information, it is impossible to realize that target tests the speed.And carry out target using direct chaotic radar and test the speed to be tested simply by emulation
(Radar Conference 2013, IET International, 1-5,2013), and adopt software approach to card, will launch
Signal carries out obtaining Doppler's frequency of target using MUSIC Power estimations algorithm after matched filtering with the Fourier transformation of echo-signal
Move so as to calculate the speed of target.Realize that direct chaotic radar object ranging not yet has document report using hardware.
The content of the invention
The range radar dress it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of direct chaos of the ultra broadband based on heterodyne correlation method tests the speed
Put, using heterodyne correlation method, using ultra wide band chaotic signal generator chaotic signal is produced, while extracting the range information of target
And phase information, so as to realize the distance and speed detection of target.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
A kind of direct chaos of the ultra broadband based on heterodyne correlation method tests the speed range radar device, including transmitting terminal, receiving terminal,
Data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit.
The transmitting terminal produces chaotic signal by ultra wide band chaotic signal generator, and the broadband power dividers of Jing first are divided into three tunnels
In-phase component:The first via Jing after the first power amplifier amplifies, is launched as detectable signal by Wide Band Ridged Horn Antenna;The
Two tunnels and signal generator I by local oscillation signal all the way that the second broadband power divider is produced after the first frequency mixer is mixed, work
For reference signal I, and heterodyne process will be carried out with echo-signal;3rd tunnel is directly inputted to data and adopts as reference signal II
Collection and processing unit are acquired, and will carry out relevant treatment with echo-signal, for extracting the range information of target.
The receiving terminal, signal and the noise signal of target scattering are connect as echo-signal by Wide Band Ridged Horn Antenna
Receive, echo-signal is divided into two-way in-phase component Jing after low noise amplifier by the 3rd broadband power divider:The first via and reference signal
I carries out heterodyne process by the second frequency mixer, then I/Q frequency mixers are input to Jing after bandpass filter, the second power amplifier, letter
Number generator I is input to I/Q frequency mixers by another road local oscillation signal that the second broadband power divider is produced, then I/Q frequency mixers
Output two paths of signals is acquired and processes to data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit, the phase information of target is extracted, so as to obtain mesh
Target velocity information;Second tunnel directly inputs data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit and is acquired, and to reference signal II related place is carried out
Reason, extracts the range information of target.
The operation principle of heterodyne correlation method is the frequency by changing the chaotic signal that ultra wide band chaotic signal generator is produced
Rate a so as to difference on the frequency is produced with echo-signal, after reference signal I is related to echo-signal after frequency conversion, in the signal of generation
Contain phase-modulation phase and tested quantifier (phase information of target etc.), by being demodulated to the signal by obtain it is tested
Target information.When signal is demodulated to base band, signal is exaggerated, and reduces the impact of flicker noise generation.
The ultra wide band chaotic signal generator can be electrical domain system or light domain system.
The electrical domain system is made up of follow-on Colpitts chaotic oscillating circuits, frequency mixer and signal generator.
The smooth domain system adopts the unidirectional Semiconductor Lasers of outer light.
Direct chaos of ultra broadband that heterodyne correlation method should be based on tests the speed range radar device, not only can realize high-resolution
Object ranging, while the phase information of target can be extracted, calculate the speed of target, its advantage is embodied a concentrated reflection of with beneficial effect
It is as follows:
1st, based on modified Coliptts chaotic oscillating circuits (electrical domain system) and based on light feedback, electro-optical feedback or light note
The chaotic signal that the mode (light domain system) for entering is produced has the advantages that wide bandwidth, nothing are fuzzy, low in energy consumption, can realize distance point
Resolution and the target acquisition that DOPPLER RESOLUTION is high, strong antijamming capability and anti-multipath fading ability are strong;Additionally, electrical domain system is produced
The mode of raw chaos is simple, system stability, low cost, and the chaotic signal that light domain system is produced has flat power spectrum and up to
The bandwidth of tens of GHz.
2nd, with reference to ultra-wideband microwave signal transmitting and receiving technology, heterodyne correlation method and quadrature demodulation method, device is realized to mesh simultaneously
Target distance and velocity measuring, and do not affected by random phase.
The present invention is reasonable in design, using heterodyne correlation method, produces chaotic signal using ultra wide band chaotic signal generator, together
When extract target range information and phase information, so as to realize the distance and speed detection of target, can be applicable to remote sensing, investigation
Deng field.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ultra wide band chaotic generator electrical domain system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of ultra wide band chaotic generator light domain system of the present invention.
In figure, 1- ultra wide band chaotic signal generators, 1a- modified Colpitts chaotic oscillating circuits, 1b- the 3rd is mixed
Device, 1c- signal generators II, the semiconductor lasers of 1A- first, 1B- Polarization Controllers, 1C- fiber couplers, 1D- tunable opticals
Attenuator, the semiconductor lasers of 1E- second, 1F- fibre optic isolaters, 1G- optical-electrical converters, the broadband power dividers of 2a- first, 2b-
Second broadband power divider, the broadband power dividers of 2c- the 3rd, the power amplifiers of 3a- first, the power amplifiers of 3b- second, 4a- first
Frequency mixer, the frequency mixers of 4b- second, 5a- broadbands ridged horn transmitting antenna, 5b- broadbands ridged horn reception antenna, 6- LNAs
Big device, 7- bandpass filters, 8-I/Q frequency mixers, 9- data acquisition and processing (DAP) units, 10- signal generators I.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Chaotic signal (GHz magnitudes) the Jing broadband power dividers that ultra wide band chaotic signal generator is produced are divided into three road homophases point
Amount:All the way as detectable signal;Local oscillation signal (MHz magnitudes) mixing for producing with signal generator I all the way, as reference signal
I, carry out heterodyne process with echo-signal;Another road carries out relevant treatment as reference signal II with echo-signal.What is received returns
Ripple signal work(point two-way Jing after low noise amplification:Carry out heterodyne process with reference signal I all the way, then Jing bandpass filters, power are put
I/Q frequency mixers are input to after big device, subsequently into data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit Signal sampling and processing is carried out, in extracting signal
The phase information of target;Another road directly inputs data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit, and with reference signal II cross correlation process is done, and extracts
The range information of target in signal.In order to the device of the present invention is better described, the present invention is described in further detail.
The range radar device as shown in figure 1, the direct chaos of ultra broadband based on heterodyne correlation method tests the speed, including transmitting terminal,
Receiving terminal and data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 9.
The transmitting terminal produces chaotic signal by ultra wide band chaotic signal generator 1, and the first broadband power dividers of Jing 2a point is
Three tunnel in-phase components:The first via as detectable signal, Jing after the first power amplifier 3a amplifies, by Wide Band Ridged Horn Antenna 5a
Transmitting;Second tunnel is mixed by the local oscillation signal all the way that the second broadband power divider 2b is produced with signal generator I 10 by first
Device 4a is mixed, and as reference signal I, and will carry out heterodyne process with echo-signal;3rd tunnel is directly defeated as reference signal II
Enter to data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 9 and be acquired, and relevant treatment will be carried out with echo-signal, extract the distance letter of target
Breath.
Wherein, the ultra wide band chaotic signal generator 1 is electrical domain system or light domain system.
As shown in Fig. 2 the electrical domain system is by follow-on Colpitts chaotic oscillating circuits 1a, frequency mixer 1b and signal
Generator 1c is constituted;The ultra wide band chaotic signal that modified Colpitts chaotic oscillating circuits 1a is produced and the 1c of signal generator II
The signal of generation, Jing after three-mixer 1b frequency conversions, exports chaotic signal.
As shown in figure 3, the smooth domain system adopts the unidirectional Semiconductor Lasers of outer light;That is the first semiconductor laser
The continuous light of 1A outputs sequentially passes through Polarization Controller 1B, fiber coupler 1C and adjustable optical attenuator 1D, enters back into the second half
Conductor laser 1E, disturbance is caused to the second semiconductor laser 1E, so as to produce chaotic laser light, Jing fibre optic isolaters 1F inputs
In optical-electrical converter 1G, chaos light is converted into into continuous chaotic signal output.
The receiving terminal, signal and the noise signal of target scattering are connect as echo-signal by Wide Band Ridged Horn Antenna 5b
Receive, echo-signal is two-way in-phase component by the 3rd broadband power divider 2c point Jing after low noise amplifier 6:The first via and reference
Signal I carries out heterodyne process by the second frequency mixer 4b, then is input to I/Q Jing after bandpass filter 7, the second power amplifier 3b
Frequency mixer 8, signal generator I 10 is input to I/Q frequency mixers by another road local oscillation signal that the second broadband power divider 2b is produced
8, then I/Q frequency mixers 8 output two paths of signals (I and Q, see formula 9) be acquired and locate to data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 9
Reason, extracts the phase information of target, so as to pass through the velocity information that formula (10) obtains target;Second tunnel directly inputs data and adopts
Collection and processing unit 9 are acquired, and with reference signal II relevant treatment is carried out, and extract the range information of target, range information
Acquisition belongs to conventional radar method.
With reference to formula, acquisition target speed information is done and is illustrated as follows:
Assume that the chaotic signal that ultra wide band chaotic signal generator 1 is produced is
Wherein a (t) represents amplitude of the chaotic signal in Gaussian Profile, ω0The angular frequency of signal is represented,Represent chaos
The centre frequency of signal,The half of signal frequency bandwidth is represented,Represent the arbitrary phase of signal.
The signal that signal generator I 10 is produced
(2)x1(t)=cos ωreft;
WhereinFor the frequency of signal, for the sake of simplicity it is assumed that the initial phase of local oscillation signal is zero.
After chaotic signal is mixed with reference signal, obtaining reference signal I is
Wherein k1It is constant.
Wide Band Ridged Horn Antenna 5b receives echo-signal
Wherein k2It is constant, ρ represents the reflected amplitude coefficient of target,The reflected phase of target is represented, R represents that chaos is believed
Jing targets reflection after number transmitting has the distance that reception antenna is received, and c represents spread speed of the electromagnetic wave in space, and v represents target
Translational speed,Represent that the reflection of Jing targets has the time delay that reception antenna is received after chaotic signal transmitting.
Receiving the instantaneous phase of signal can be expressed as
Wherein instantaneous wavelength
Because distance (5) R=vt, in bringing formula (4) into, obtains
After echo-signal is mixed with reference signal I, the output signal of the second frequency mixer 4b is
Wherein k3It is constant.
Jing after I/Q frequency mixers 8, two paths of signals is exported:
Wherein kI, kQIt is constant.
After carrying out relevant treatment in data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit 9, then the phase information of target is expressed as
The velocity information of target is obtained by formula (10).
Claims (1)
1. a kind of direct chaos of ultra broadband based on heterodyne correlation method tests the speed range radar device, including transmitting terminal, receiving terminal and
Data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit(9), it is characterised in that:
The transmitting terminal is by ultra wide band chaotic signal generator(1)Produce chaotic signal, the broadband power dividers of Jing first(2a)It is divided into
Three tunnel in-phase components:The first via is used as detectable signal, the power amplifiers of Jing first(3a)After amplification, by Wide Band Ridged Horn Antenna
(5a)Transmitting;Second tunnel and signal generator I(10)By the second broadband power divider(2b)The local oscillation signal all the way for producing passes through
First frequency mixer(4a)Mixing, as reference signal I, and will carry out heterodyne process with echo-signal;3rd tunnel is used as with reference to letter
Number II, it is directly inputted to data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit(9)It is acquired, and relevant treatment will be carried out with echo-signal, is used for
Extract the range information of target;
The receiving terminal, the signal of target scattering is with noise signal as echo-signal by Wide Band Ridged Horn Antenna(5b)Connect
Receive, echo-signal Jing low noise amplifier(6)Afterwards, by the 3rd broadband power divider(2c)It is divided into two-way in-phase component:The first via with
Reference signal I passes through the second frequency mixer(4b)Carry out heterodyne process, then Jing bandpass filters(7), the second power amplifier(3b)
After be input to I/Q frequency mixers(8), signal generator I(10)By the second broadband power divider(2b)Another road local oscillator letter for producing
Number it is input to I/Q frequency mixers(8), then I/Q frequency mixers(8)Output two paths of signals is to data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit(9)Carry out
Collection and process, extract the phase information of target, so as to obtain the velocity information of target;Second tunnel directly input data acquisition and
Processing unit(9)It is acquired, with reference signal II relevant treatment is carried out, extracts the range information of target;
The ultra wide band chaotic signal generator(1)It is electrical domain system or light domain system;
The electrical domain system is by follow-on Colpitts chaotic oscillating circuits(1a), three-mixer(1b)And signal generator
Ⅱ(1c)Constitute;Modified Colpitts chaotic oscillating circuits(1a)The ultra wide band chaotic signal of generation and signal generator II
(1c)The signal of generation, Jing three-mixers(1b)After frequency conversion, chaotic signal is exported;
The smooth domain system adopts the unidirectional Semiconductor Lasers of outer light;That is the first semiconductor laser(1A)What is exported is continuous
Light sequentially passes through Polarization Controller(1B), fiber coupler(1C)And adjustable optical attenuator(1D), enter back into the second semiconductor and swash
Light device(1E), to the second semiconductor laser(1E)Disturbance is caused, so as to produce chaotic laser light, Jing fibre optic isolaters(1F)Input
Optical-electrical converter(1G)In, chaos light is converted into into continuous chaotic signal.
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