CN1046776A

CN1046776A - A kind of Selid propping agent and manufacture method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN1046776A
Application number: CN 89102544
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周生武; 接金利
Original assignee: Oil Extraction Technology Institute of Sinopec Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau
Current assignee: Oil Extraction Technology Institute of Sinopec Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau
Priority date: 1989-04-26
Filing date: 1989-04-26
Publication date: 1990-11-07
Also published as: CN1017523B

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Selid propping agent that is used for deep-seated oil, gas well fracturing.More than its individual particle compressive strength 390MPa, density is 2.8～3.0g/cm ³, under 60MPa pressure, percentage of damage is 0.8～1.6% sphericity 〉=0.9, the surface flatness height.It is primary raw material that this product has adopted bauxite below three grades, adds the small amounts of inorganic additive, through the balling-up of electric arc furnaces meltblown, has the compressive strength height, characteristics such as percentage of damage is low, and the moderate and cost of density is low, the oil, the gas well fracturing that are specially adapted to 3000～4500 meters use.

Description

A kind of Selid propping agent and manufacture method thereof

The present invention relates to a kind of Selid propping agent that is used for deep-seated oil, gas well fracturing.

Fracturing technology since constructing first in the forties end, has been selected for use the proper supporting agent to inject in the crack and has been prevented closing up of cracks, is subjected to people's great attention always.The proppant of Shi Yonging is a nature sand the earliest, still uses quartz sand up to the pressure break of present shallow-layer oil, gas well, and is along with the exploitation of the development of fracturing technique and deep-well low-permeability oil, gas well, also more and more higher to the performance requirement of proppant.This mainly is that the requirement proppant should have high compression strength (greater than 200MPa), lower percentage of damage (under 60MPa pressure≤4%), and sphericity, surface flatness will be got well, and chemical stability is good, and it is moderate etc. that density is wanted.More than these characteristics be that nature sand institute is inaccessiable, so people are also just more and more to artificial stays agent research.

Artificial stays agent at present of a great variety, wide adaptability is used in the fracturing technology now in a large number.From artificial stays agent both domestic and external, can be divided into three kinds of high alumina matter, mullite and porcelains on the material; Can be divided into two kinds of sintering process and electric arc melting blowing processes on the production technology.The most high alumina matter haydites (US.3890072, US.4068718) of external artificial stays agent for sintering process production, minority mullite sintering ceramsite (EPO.169412) is also arranged, the former has high compression strength and lower percentage of damage, but its density height (〉=3.4g/cm ³), influencing the fracturing fluid prop-carrying capacity, its price is higher; Though latter's density is lower, low price, its compressive strength is low, the percentage of damage height.The proppant majority of domestic production is an electric arc melting winding-up bauxite haydite, and the production technology of this kind product is simple, and small investment, product sphericity, surface flatness are better than the proppant that sintering process is produced, density (3.2g/cm ³) also less than sintered bauxite haydite (〉=3.4g/cm ³), but compressive strength is poor, and percentage of damage height, cost also are higher than the sintering process haydite.The proppant that domestic sintering process is produced is lower than external sintering temperature (1450～1550 ℃) because of sintering temperature (1300～1450 ℃), and its balling-up is loose, though cost is low, and density height (3.516cm ³), compressive strength is low, and (110MPa～198.9MPa), the percentage of damage height is (under 60MPa pressure; 4.4～32%), if use this kind proppant, will directly influence post-fracturing in-place permeability and flow conductivity.Its complex manufacturing is invested big simultaneously.From raw materials for production, though it is good to select for use high aluminium ore to do the quality of the proppant that raw material makes, consume rich bauxite resource, cost is also high.Just be to use the described use of European patent (EP.169412) to contain SiO ₂16～19%, the earth metal total amount is made proppant less than 0.35% high bauxite clay, the method that neither generally adopt because the high bauxite clay of this class is difficult to find in China, has the low leftover bits and pieces that does not have the bauxite ore of smelting value and smelt bauxite mine of a large amount of aluminum contents in China.At present domestic have a collection of small business to build up arc furnace equipment, but poor because of product, will be eliminated by pottery.Therefore, if can utilize low bauxite ore that contains aluminium and existing device and produce high-quality proppant is the research topic that people pay close attention to.

The objective of the invention is: provide a kind of raw material source wide, manufacturing process is simple, the crush resistance strength height, and percentage of damage is low, and sphericity is good, and surface flatness is good, intermediate density and low-cost fracturing propping agents.Needs with the pressure break that satisfies deep low-permeability oil, gas well.

The structure of pressure break Selid propping agent of the present invention mainly is to be made of mullite crystal and a small amount of nature of glass.The manufacture method of proppant of the present invention is :) poor bauxite or aluminium ore leftover bits and pieces are primary raw material with salic 65～67%(by weight, are auxiliary material with soft clay and quartz, this proppant chemical composition content: AL ₂O ₃Content be 60～67%(by weight), be preferably 65%, SiO ₂Content be 23～28%(by weight), be preferably 25%, surplus is Fe ₂O ₃And TiO ₂Deng impurity (for details see attached table 1).Because of powder can not directly enter electric arc furnaces production, make powder become piece so add a certain amount of soft clay to increase brick intention, quartz is to be used for regulating AL ₂O ₃And SiO ₂Ratio, make AL in the raw material ₂O ₃And SIO ₂Content reaches best ratio.Confected materials is pulverized levigate to 200 orders in proportion, make the abundant mixing of raw material, add an amount of water and stir into humid soil, pressurization breaks into common fragment of brick, fragment of brick is put in the calcinating kiln 1200～1400 ℃ of following roastings 2～4 hours, put into electric arc furnaces after the cooling again, with the fragment of brick fusion, use the compressed air spraying balling-up of 0.7MPa then with 2500～3000 ℃ high temperature that electric arc was produced.Sift out 20～40 purpose particles after the cooling as oil, gas well fracturing proppant.

The proppant of Sheng Chaning as stated above, adopt oil standard method promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government that its performance is advanced to measure: 20～40 purpose spheric granules, its density are 2.8～3.0g/cm ³, individual particle compressive strength 〉=390MPa is under 60MPa pressure, percentage of damage is 0.8～1.6%, sphericity 〉=0.9, and wherein individual particle compressive strength is better than other products both at home and abroad, percentage of damage, sphericity all are better than domestic all proppants, and density is intermediate density.Acid etching is 30 minutes in the hydrofluoric acid mixed solution of 65 ℃ 12% hydrochloric acid and 3%, and the individual particle compressive strength of surveying behind its acid etching is 315.2MPa, and this index also is better than proppant both domestic and external.Concrete data for details see attached table 2.

Major advantage of the present invention:

1, this proppant compressive strength is higher than more than the 390MPa, be better than all proppants both at home and abroad, percentage of damage is less than 0.8～1.6%, also be better than domestic proppant, make the crack of pressure break be difficult for closure, increased the flow conductivity on stratum greatly, improved the output of crude oil and natural gas, can obtain high economic benefit, reduce the cost of crude oil and natural gas.

2, sphericity of the present invention is good, smooth surface, and density is moderate, is carried by fracturing fluid easily to enter in the crack that presses off in fracturing process, helps carrying out smoothly and obtaining high economic benefit of pressing crack construction.

3, the present invention does main raw material to the leftover bits and pieces of poor bauxite ore deposit and aluminium ore, and the raw material abundance has not only reduced raw-material cost, and has produced the winding-up haydite that most quality index all surpass domestic and international sintering ceramsite and same process production.Have inexpensive characteristics.

4, the production technology of the proppant of the present invention's production is simple, small investment, and medium and small enterprise can both implement.

Embodiment of the present invention:

Choose the wrought aluminium alumina, clay, quartz raw material calculates its AL through analysis of chemical elements ₂O ₃And SIO ₂Content, the chemical composition of raw material and content data are as follows in the example:

Above-mentioned raw materials was mixed by 100: 15: 10, levigate to 200 orders, add suitable quantity of water then and stir into humid soil, break into fragment of brick, put calcinating kiln 1200～1400 ℃ of following roastings 2～4 hours, put into the compressed air spraying balling-up of electric arc furnaces fusion after the cooling with 0.7MPa.Sifting out 20～40 purpose particles gets final product with the proppant pack as pressure break.

(subordinate list 2)

The proppant title	Individual particle compression strength MPa	Percentage of damage % under the 60MPa pressure	Density g/cm	Sphericity	Individual particle compression strength MPa behind the acid etching
						This Selid propping agent	396.0	0.8～1.6	2.946	≥0.9	315.2
U.S.'s sintering ceramsite	213.8	0.8～1.0	3.580	0.8	95.8
						The Chengdu sintering ceramsite	198.9	4.4	3.516	0.8	31.0
Yixing sintering ceramsite	110.7	28～32	2.600	0.8	83.3
						The Zhengzhou winding-up fulcrum ball of going into the street	142.6	7	3.260	0.9	104.2
Yu County, Shanxi winding-up haydite	133.3	8.8	3.381	0.9	----
						The Zi Zhou haydite of jetting	143.6	13.5	3.233	0.9	126.8

Annotate: 1, to choose the proppant particle diameter be 0.56～0.63mm to the individual particle intensity test,

2, individual particle compression strength is single particle strength process 30 minutes in the hydrofluoric acid mixed solution of 65 ℃ 12% hydrochloric acid and 3% after behind the acid etching.

Claims

1, a kind of Selid propping agent that is used for deep-seated oil, gas well fracturing is characterized in that: 20～40 purpose spheric granules, density are 2.8～3.0g/cm ³, individual particle compressive strength 〉=390MPa, under 60MPa pressure, percentage of damage is 0.8～1.6%, sphericity 〉=0.9.

2, a kind of manufacture method that is used for the Selid propping agent of deep-seated oil, gas well fracturing, it is characterized in that by weight with salic 65～75%() poor aluminium vanadine or the leftover bits and pieces of aluminium ore be primary raw material, with soft clay and quartz is auxiliary material, this proppant chemical composition content AL ₂O ₃Be 60～67%, SiO ₂Be 23～28%, surplus is Fe ₂O ₃And TiO ₂Deng impurity, confected materials is pulverized levigate to 200 orders in proportion, raw material fully is mixed, add an amount of water and stir into humid soil, pressurization breaks into common fragment of brick, and fragment of brick is put in the calcinating kiln 1200～1400 ℃ of following roastings 2～4 hours, put into electric arc furnaces after the cooling again, with the fragment of brick fusion, use the compressed air spraying balling-up of 0.7MPa with 2500～3000 ℃ of high temperature that electric arc was produced then, sift out 20～40 purpose particles after the cooling as fracturing propping agents.