CN104673725B - 一株*降解菌及其应用 - Google Patents

一株*降解菌及其应用 Download PDF

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CN104673725B
CN104673725B CN201510097223.9A CN201510097223A CN104673725B CN 104673725 B CN104673725 B CN 104673725B CN 201510097223 A CN201510097223 A CN 201510097223A CN 104673725 B CN104673725 B CN 104673725B
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bacteria
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CN104673725A (zh
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朱宜
秦伟
谢恩
郑蕾
丁爱中
豆俊峰
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Beijing Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了属于生物降解处理技术领域的一株对具有降解功能的菌株。降解菌经鉴定为人苍白杆菌Ochrobactrum anthropi DW1,菌种保藏号为CGMCC No.8621。将该菌株制成含菌量为1.25×108CFU/ml的菌悬液,对初始浓度为0.14mg/L的

Description

一株䓛降解菌及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于受污染土壤与水的生物降解处理技术领域,特别涉及一株降解菌。
背景技术
多环芳烃(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,PAHs)是一类含有两个或两个以上苯环,以线状、角状或簇状排列的稠环型化合物,具有疏水性、低溶解度、低蒸汽压、高熔点和沸点、辛醇-水分配系数高等特性。多环芳烃类化合物具有强烈的致癌作用、致畸作用和致突变作用,一般来说,2~3环的低分子量PAHs具有显著的急性毒性,而某些高分子量的PAHs具有潜在的致癌性。由于PAHs分子中存在共轭大π键电子体系,因此具有较高的稳定性,其光解作用和生物降解作用缓慢,能够通过各种环境介质长距离迁移并长期存在于环境中,通过环境蓄积、生物蓄积、生物转化或化学反应等方式损害健康和环境,已引起各国环境科学家的高度重视。美国环保局早在80年代就已把16种未带分支的PAHs确定为环境中的优先污染物,我国也把PAHs列入环境污染的黑名单中。生物降解是实现恢复PAHs污染环境的最有效手段之一,常见的具有降解PAHs功能微生物有假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、红球菌属(Rhodococcus)、分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium)、芽抱杆菌属(Bacillus)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)、气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、拜叶林克氏菌属(Beijernckia)、棒状杆菌属(Corynebaeterium)、蓝细菌(Cyanobacteria)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、诺卡氏菌属(Nocardia)和弧菌属(Vibrio)等。
然而由于缺少高效的多环芳烃降解菌,制约了多环芳烃污染土壤生物修复技术的进一步发展和应用。因此,需要从污染的环境中驯化筛选出对多环芳烃降解速率较快的微生物菌种,然后再把它们应用于实际PAHs污染环境的生物治理,这对于治理和修复多环芳烃污染土壤有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明提供一株降解菌。所用菌株经鉴定为人苍白杆菌Ochrobactrumanthropi DW1,2013年12月20日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,该中心位于北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号中国科学院微生物研究所,菌种保藏号为CGMCC No.8621。将该菌株制成含菌量为1.25×108CFU/ml的菌悬液,可用于环境中的降解。
从污染土壤中分离纯化所述降解菌的步骤如下:
(1)选取受石油污染的土壤,将其通过直径为2mm的网筛后立即放置于4℃冰箱中保存备用。
(2)向体积为1000mL的开口玻璃瓶中加入25~30mL浓度为1g/L的的丙酮混合溶液,为除去丙酮将玻璃瓶开口放置2天。
(3)向步骤(2)中开口玻璃瓶中加入500~600mL基础培养基,在转速为100r/min的条件下搅拌40~50min后加入步骤(1)中的土壤250g;然后置于温度为25~30℃的环境中在转速为100r/min的条件下搅拌富集驯化培养30d,在培养期间定期向玻璃瓶中加入基础培养基以维持玻璃瓶中泥浆系统的水土比例保持不变;其中基础培养基的组成为:NH4Cl:1.5g·L-1,KH2PO4:1.5g·L-1,MgCl2:0.25g·L-1,CaCl2·2H2O:0.10g·L-1
(4)向体积为100~200mL的锥形瓶中加入10mL浓度为1g/L的的丙酮混合溶液,为除去丙酮将锥形瓶开口放置2天。
(5)向步骤(4)中的锥形瓶中入50mL基础培养基、0.5mL微量金属液和0.1mL维生素c溶液;其中微量金属液的组成为:CoCl2·6H2O:35mg·L-1,CuCl2:0.20mg·L-1,H3BO3:6.0mg·L-1,MnCl2·4H2O:25mg·L-1,Na2MoO4·2H2O:3.0mg·L-1,NiCl2·2H2O:2.0mg·L-1,ZnCl2:2.5mg·L-1
(6)向步骤(5)中的锥形瓶内接入步骤(3)驯化的土壤0.25g,然后置于温度为25~30℃转速为100r/min的振荡器中培养5~7天,每天打开瓶口一次以恢复锥形瓶内的溶解氧;按接种体积比为200~250∶1的比例转入另一按步骤(4)至(5)处理后的锥形瓶内,当转接次数大于8之后即可获得高效去除的好氧降解菌群。
(7)向体积为500mL的锥形瓶内加入400mL基础培养基、1.0mL微量金属液、0.1mL维生素c溶液,摇匀后作为液体培养基备用。
(8)向体积为150mL的锥形瓶内加入50mL按步骤(7)配制的液体培养基和0.60g琼脂,然后在温度为121℃的高压锅中灭菌20分钟,在室温下冷却至65~70℃时,在超净工作台中将其倒入体积为160mL的培养皿中,为除去培养基表面多余的水分将该培养皿在超净工作台中放置2天。
(9)在超净工作台中向步骤(8)中的培养皿中加入0.5mL浓度为1g/L的丙酮溶液,来回倾斜转动培养皿使的丙酮溶液均匀分布,为除去培养基表面的丙酮将该培养皿在超净工作台中放置2天。
(10)向体积为25mL的锥形瓶内加入10mL按步骤(7)配制的液体培养基和0.25g琼脂,在温度为121℃的高压锅中灭菌20分钟,在超净工作台中冷却至38~40℃。
(11)在超净工作台中向步骤(10)的锥形瓶中加入1mL步骤(6)得到的好氧降解菌群溶液,摇匀后吸取1mL慢慢加入步骤(9)中的培养皿中,来回倾斜转动培养皿使接种有混合菌群的培养基溶液均匀分布。将培养皿放入温度为25℃的培养箱中培养观察,10~15天后便可发现有明显的菌落出现。
(12)在超净工作台中挑取步骤(11)培养皿中的菌落,进行重复分离,分离纯化8个周期以上即可得到能够高效降解的纯菌种。
运用上述方法能够分离纯化到对降解性能好的微生物菌种。
具体实施方式
向加入和基础培养基的开口玻璃瓶内加入受石油污染的土壤进行降解微生物的富集与驯化,30d后向加入、基础培养基、微量金属液、维生素c溶液及吸附剂的锥形瓶内接入富集驯化的土壤。在温度为25~30℃、转速为100r/min的振荡器中培养5~7天后,进行循环转接,在循环次数大于8次后即可得到高效去除的降解菌群。在超净工作台中制作以为唯一碳源和能源的琼脂固体培养基底层平板,在底层平板上制作含有降解菌群的琼脂固体培养基顶层平板,将制作好的培养基平板在培养箱中培养10~15天。在超净工作台中向加入、基础培养基、微量金属液、维生素c溶液及吸附剂的锥形瓶内接入培养基平板中的菌落,在温度为25~30℃、转速为100r/min的振荡器中培养5~7天。然后进行循环转接,在循环次数大于8次后即可得到能够降解的纯菌种。
运用分离纯化得到的降解的菌种人苍白杆菌Ochrobactrum anthropi DW1制成菌悬液,含菌量为1.25×108CFU/ml,进行降解的降解试验。结果表明菌株人苍白杆菌Ochrobactrum anthropi DW1能够对进行有效的降解,当的初始浓度为0.14mg/L时,7天后的降解去除率为56.2%。

Claims (1)

1.一株对具有降解功能的菌株,其特征在于,所述菌株经鉴定为人苍白杆菌Ochrobactrum anthropi DW1,其菌种保藏号为CGMCC No.8621。
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