CN104659595A - 具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头 - Google Patents

具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头 Download PDF

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CN104659595A
CN104659595A CN201510044496.7A CN201510044496A CN104659595A CN 104659595 A CN104659595 A CN 104659595A CN 201510044496 A CN201510044496 A CN 201510044496A CN 104659595 A CN104659595 A CN 104659595A
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divider resistance
circuit
resistance
diode
solenoid
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钱加灿
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Yuyao Jiarong Electronic Appliance Co Ltd
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Yuyao Jiarong Electronic Appliance Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510881789.0A priority Critical patent/CN105406292B/zh
Priority to CN201510044496.7A priority patent/CN104659595A/zh
Publication of CN104659595A publication Critical patent/CN104659595A/zh
Priority to CN201610008359.2A priority patent/CN105490101B/zh
Priority to CN201610847817.1A priority patent/CN106299908B/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H01R13/6666—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit with built-in overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H01R13/6683—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit with built-in sensor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/713—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/713—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch
    • H01R13/7137—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch with thermal interrupter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
    • H02H3/253—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage for multiphase applications, e.g. phase interruption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using temperature dependent resistors

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Abstract

本发明公开一种具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头，包括放大电路、脱扣器、整流电路、电源指示灯电路、降压电路、可控硅、零序电流互感器和地线电流互感器，还设有缺相保护电路。本发明提供了一种新型的漏电保护装置，它具有：缺相保护功能，即L或N端供电中断或接触不良时切断负载供电；超压保护功能，通电状态下的保护器,因供电电压超出280V±10V时切断负载供电；插头超温保护功能，即保护器插头温度达到预设温度时切断电源。

Description

具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头
技术领域
本发明涉及用电安全保护技术领域,尤其是涉及具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头。
背景技术
现有的漏电保护技术主要是零线(N),相线(L)同时穿过零序互感线全做漏电保护器使用,以及地线带电检测(电压检测及电流检测),此类技术均建立在电源电压必须持续供电的基础上才能够提供相应的保护功能,若当供电系统之零线开路或接触不良时正遇上地线带电或机器绝缘出现异常时,保护器断开系统因机械自锁造成无法复位脱扣,地线带电电压或因绝缘损坏之漏电电流使机器带电,若人体触及后造成触电行为,为解决此类供电异常现象,市场上也出现断电跳闸保护器,由于此类保护器是由供电系统将电磁线圈持续吸合,使脱扣机构触点闭合达到持续供电目的,当供电系统断电或缺相时,电磁线圈因无法吸合造成保护器无法给负载供电来达到保护原理,该保护方式之弊端是:电磁线圈持续供电造成线圈发热,长时间严重发热影响保护器使用寿命及存在安全隐患,极端条件下保护器将失去保护功能造成严重后果。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的就是要克服上述缺点，旨在提供一种具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头。
(二)技术方案
为解决上述问题，本发明提出一种具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头，包括放大电路、脱扣器、整流电路、电源指示灯电路、降压电路、可控硅、零序电流互感器和地线电流互感器，还设有缺相保护电路；
所述缺相保护电路包括脱扣器的电磁线圈、限流电阻、分流电阻、储能电容、第一二极管、第二二极管和保护二极管，所述限流电阻设置在储能电容正极和电磁线圈之间；所述第一二极管的正极连接储能电容，负极连接电磁线圈；所述保护二极管并联所述电磁线圈，所述第一二极管连接在可控硅和电磁线圈之间；所述第二二极管一端连接可控硅，另一端连接分流电阻一端，分流电阻另一端连接储能电容正极；
该电路还设置有超压检测电路。
进一步，所述超压检测电路包括第一电压检测器、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、第三分压电阻和第四分压电阻，所述第一电压检测器的引脚3连接在第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻之间，所述第一电压检测器的引脚2连接在第三分压电阻和第四分压电阻之间；所述第一分压电阻还连接储能电容正极。
进一步，该电路还包括超温检测电路，所述超温检测电路包括第二电压检测器、热敏电阻、第五分压电阻和第六分压电阻，第五分压电阻、热敏电阻和第六分压电阻依次连接，所述第二电压检测器引脚5连接在热敏电阻和第六分压电阻之间，第二电压检测器引脚6连接在第三分压电阻和第四分压电阻之间。
进一步，所述地线和零线之间设有地线带电指示电路。
进一步，所述零序电流互感器的初级线圈还设有测试电路。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：本发明提供了一种新型的漏电保护装置，它具有：缺相保护功能，即L或N端供电中断或接触不良时切断负载供电；超压保护功能，通电状态下的保护器,因供电电压超出280V±10V时切断负载供电；插头超温保护功能，即保护器插头温度达到预设温度时切断电源。
附图说明
图1为本发明的具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头的电路原理示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图1所示，本发明提出一种具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头，包括放大电路、脱扣器S1-S2、整流电路、电源指示灯电路、降压电路、可控硅SCR1、零序电流互感器ZCT1和地线电流互感器ZCT2，还设有缺相保护电路；其中放大电路为漏电保护芯片U2，整流电路为二极管D1、D2，电源指示灯电路由发光二极管LED1和电阻R3组成，降压电路为降压电阻R2；
所述缺相保护电路包括脱扣器的电磁线圈L1、限流电阻R15、分流电阻R16、储能电容C5、第一二极管D7、第二二极管D9和保护二极管D3，所述限流电阻R15设置在储能电容C5正极和电磁线圈L1之间；所述第一二极管D7的正极连接储能电容C5，负极连接电磁线圈L1；所述保护二极管D3并联所述电磁线圈L1，所述第一二极管D7连接在可控硅SCR1和电磁线圈L1之间；所述第二二极管D9一端连接可控硅SCR1，另一端连接分流电阻R16一端，分流电阻R16另一端连接储能电容C5正极；
该电路还设置有超压检测电路。
所述超压检测电路包括第一电压检测器U1A、第一分压电阻R9、第二分压电阻R12、第三分压电阻R7和第四分压电阻R13，所述第一电压检测器U1A的引脚3连接在第一分压电阻R9和第二分压电阻R12之间，所述第一电压检测器U1A的引脚2连接在第三分压电阻R7和第四分压电阻R13之间；所述第一分压电阻R9还连接储能电容C5正极。
该电路还包括超温检测电路，所述超温检测电路包括第二电压检测器U1B、热敏电阻RT、第五分压电阻R8和第六分压电阻R14，第五分压电阻R8、热敏电阻RT和第六分压电阻R14依次连接，所述第二电压检测器U1B引脚5连接在热敏电阻RT和第六分压电阻R14之间，第二电压检测器U1B引脚6连接在第三分压电阻R7和第四分压电阻R13之间。
所述地线和零线之间设有地线带电指示电路,改电路由电容C1、电阻R1、氖灯X1组成。
所述零序电流互感器ZCT1的初级线圈还设有测试电路，测试电路由按钮开关K1、电阻R6组成。
该电路的工作原理如下：
1、负载零,相线漏电保护
保护器插头接入220V输入电源后,压按复位件开关，使脱扣器S1-S2闭合,指示灯LED1点亮,电源电压经D1整流,R15限流给C5电容器充电,C5端电压经第一二极管D7给电磁线圈L1,可控硅SCR1提供保护时电量。可控硅获电并处于保护检测状态；与此同时,电流经电阻R2限流,C2电容滤波给U1A,U1B,U2供电,保护器获电工作(此过程下文简称:保护器获电工作)；当负载端(输出端)Lo或No任意端输出漏电时,零序电流互感线圈ZCT1输出感应电压,一端经ZCT1后送入U2检测驱动电路之1与2脚,当漏电电流达到预设值时,7脚输出高电平经D4,D8至可控硅触发极,可控硅导通,C5端电压经D7瞬间施加在L1电磁线圈两端,线圈吸合带动脱扣机构使闭合触点(S2-S1)断开,切断负载电源起到安全保护的作用；
2、地线带电保护(Ei端)
保护器获电工作,地线带电电流经Ei流出Eo端,其穿在E线上之感应线圈ZCT2输出感应电压,一路经ZCT1后分别送至U2之1与2脚,当漏电电流达到预设值时,U2之7脚输出高电平经D4,D8送至SCR1触发极,可控硅导通,C5端电压经D7瞬间施加在L1电磁线圈两端,线圈吸合带动脱扣机构使闭合触点(S2-S1)断开,切断负载电源起到安全保护的作用；
3、缺相保护(L或N缺相)
保护器获电工作,当供电Li或Ni端开路或接触不良时(含AC220V输入端中断供电),C2端电压不足以维持Q1导通,Q1截止后,C5端电压经R16,D9送至SCR1触发极,可控硅导通,C5端电压经D7瞬间施加在L1电磁线圈两端,线圈吸合带动脱扣机构使闭合触点(S2-S1)断开,切断负载电源起到安全保护的作用；
4、超压保护(280V±10V)
保护器获电工作,输入Li,Ni端电压处于预设下限电压时,C5端电压经限流电阻R9与R12分压低于U1A的2脚电压,1脚输出低电平,当电压处于280V±10V时,U1A的3脚大于或等于2脚电压,1脚输出高电平经D5,D8送至SCR1触发极,可控硅导通,C5端电压经D7瞬间施加在L1电磁线圈两端,线圈吸合带动脱扣机构使闭合触点(S2-S1)断开,切断负载电源起到安全保护的作用；
5、保护器插头超温保护
保护器获电工作,超温保护装置检测到保护器插头温度达到预设温度时,C2端电压经R8,RT1与R14分压,当U1B的5脚电压高于6脚电压时,7脚输出高电平经D6,D8送至SCR1触发极,可控硅导通,C5端电压经D7瞬间施加在L1电磁线圈两端,线圈吸合带动脱扣机构使闭合触点(S2,S1)断开,切断负载电源起到安全保护的作用。
本发明提供了一种新型的漏电保护装置，它具有：缺相保护功能，即L或N端供电中断或接触不良时切断负载供电；超压保护功能，通电状态下的保护器,因供电电压超出280V±10V时切断负载供电；插头超温保护功能，即保护器插头温度达到预设温度时切断电源。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头，包括放大电路、脱扣器、整流电路、电源指示灯电路、降压电路、可控硅、零序电流互感器和地线电流互感器，其特征在于：还设有缺相保护电路；
所述缺相保护电路包括脱扣器的电磁线圈、限流电阻、分流电阻、储能电容、第一二极管、第二二极管和保护二极管，所述限流电阻设置在储能电容正极和电磁线圈之间；所述第一二极管的正极连接储能电容，负极连接电磁线圈；所述保护二极管并联所述电磁线圈，所述第一二极管连接在可控硅和电磁线圈之间；所述第二二极管一端连接可控硅，另一端连接分流电阻一端，分流电阻另一端连接储能电容正极；
该电路还设置有超压检测电路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头，其特征在于：所述超压检测电路包括第一电压检测器、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、第三分压电阻和第四分压电阻，所述第一电压检测器的引脚3连接在第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻之间，所述第一电压检测器的引脚2连接在第三分压电阻和第四分压电阻之间；所述第一分压电阻还连接储能电容正极。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头，其特征在于：该电路还包括超温检测电路，所述超温检测电路包括第二电压检测器、热敏电阻、第五分压电阻和第六分压电阻，第五分压电阻、热敏电阻和第六分压电阻依次连接，所述第二电压检测器引脚5连接在热敏电阻和第六分压电阻之间，第二电压检测器引脚6连接在第三分压电阻和第四分压电阻之间。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头，其特征在于：所述地线和零线之间设有地线带电指示电路。
5.根据权利要求4所述的具备断电跳闸和超压跳闸功能的保护插头，其特征在于：所述零序电流互感器的初级线圈还设有测试电路。
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