CN104655823A - Frost heaving meter - Google Patents
Frost heaving meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104655823A CN104655823A CN201510074655.8A CN201510074655A CN104655823A CN 104655823 A CN104655823 A CN 104655823A CN 201510074655 A CN201510074655 A CN 201510074655A CN 104655823 A CN104655823 A CN 104655823A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frost heaving meter. The frost heaving meter comprises a supporting part, a temperature control part, a geotechnical testing part and a data acquisition part, wherein the supporting part comprises a bottom plate, two guide columns fixed on the bottom plate, a connection plate arranged at the upper parts of the guide columns, and limiting parts arranged on the connection parts; the geotechnical testing part comprises a soil sample device and a weight loading device; the temperature control part comprises a temperature control system which is connected with an upper temperature disc and a lower temperature disc respectively; the data acquisition part comprises a temperature probe and a moisture content probe which are arranged on a glass test sample barrel, a pressure sensor arranged between the upper temperature disc and a movable plate, and a displacement sensor arranged between the weight loading device and the supporting part. The frost heaving meter has the advantages of multiple functions, high precision, wide applicability, convenience in utilization and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to roadbed measuring equipment.Be specifically related to a kind of frost heaving meter.
Background technology
Frost heave be due to soil water freeze cause soil expansion, the uneven grand role in earth's surface with the growth of ice body (particularly convex lens shape ice body).Because northern China covers a large amount of frost zone; along with engineering construction develop rapidly and scale constantly expand; railway and highway subgrade frost heave have become a very important engineering problem urgently to be resolved hurrily; even crisis is to structural safety for frost heaving grievous injury construction quality, and the name of the game of research frost heave is research soil water and divides migration and the process that freezes.Research shows, when ambient temperature is enough low in the winter time, train is by producing the dynamic load of certain frequency (10-30HZ) during roadbed, dynamic load can produce Super-void Water Pressure when being applied to subgrade soil, make moisture content in the soil body up migrate to freezing front (temperature is the position of 0 ° of C) and contacted freezing process with ice lens, deepen frost heave further.Wherein existing theory has demonstrated the numerical relation (Sheng Daichao of circulation dynamic load and super space hydraulic pressure perfectly, Zhang Sheng, Li Xi " bullet train and roadbed frost damage interaction mechanism " [J]. " Geotechnical Engineering journal ", 2013,35 (12): 2186-2191) can be, corresponding underground water table head height by the conversion of circulation dynamic load.It is generally acknowledged mechanics parameter and the soil types such as the frost-heave force size of the soil body, frost heave displacement, ambient temperature, burden pressure, and head height (being equivalent to the super space hydraulic pressure effect that circulation dynamic load produces) is relevant.Therefore, in railway particularly high-speed railway construction, the situation obtaining roadbed frost damage along the line and water translocation by special measuring equipment is needed, for engineering practice provides theory support and reliable basis.There is the deficiencies such as function is few, precision is not high, applicability is wide, use is inconvenient in the equipment of existing measurement roadbed frost damage, can not adapt to the needs of railway fast development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for prior art Problems existing, the frost heaving meter that a kind of function is many, precision is high, applicability is wide, easy to use is provided.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Frost heaving meter provided by the invention, comprises support section, temprature control unit, soil test part and part of data acquisition; Described support section comprises base plate, two guideposts be fixed on base plate, the web joint being located at described guidepost top, the limiting component be located on web joint; Described soil test part comprises soil sample device and counterweight charger, wherein soil sample device comprises the lower Winchester disk be located on described base plate, the glass specimen cylinder be located on lower Winchester disk, the upper Winchester disk be located on glass specimen cylinder top, the stay-warm case being located at glass specimen cylinder periphery, the water replanishing device passed in lower Winchester disk, and counterweight charger comprises and to be positioned at below described limiting component and to be enclosed within the portable plate that described two guideposts can move up and down, the scale pan be connected with described portable plate; Described temprature control unit comprises the temperature control system be connected with upper Winchester disk and lower Winchester disk respectively; Described part of data acquisition comprises and is located at temp probe on described glass specimen cylinder and water percentage probe, is located at pressure transducer between described upper Winchester disk and described portable plate, is located at displacement transducer between described counterweight charger and described support section.
Described stay-warm case is the two panels arc-shaped cover be hinged on described guidepost.
Groove is provided with outside described glass specimen cylinder.
Described water replanishing device adopts height-adjustable geneva bottle graduated cylinder.
Described web joint and portable plate are respectively equipped with the hook and suspension ring that cooperatively interact.
Described glass specimen cylinder be provided with some temperature survey holes of vertically arranging and measurement of water ratio hole, with the supporting latch in temperature survey hole and measurement of water ratio hole, the quantity of described temp probe and water percentage probe and size respectively with described temperature survey hole and measurement of water ratio hole suitable.
Institute's displacement sensors adopts magnetic ring sensor, comprises the fixed part be located on described guidepost and the movable part be located on described portable plate.
Described pressure transducer adopts S shape pressure transducer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention can reflect water translocation and the Frost heave and thaw subsidence rule of roadbed soil layer in freeze and thaw overall process truly, the external conditions such as different thermogrades, burden pressure and height of water level can be arranged observe frost-heave force size or the frost heave displacement of soil sample under its varying environment with this and probe into water translocation situation in soil sample, and correlation test data can be measured in real time, comprise the Temperature Distribution of frost heave displacement, frost-heave force size, soil sample each point water percentage and soil sample, correlation curve can be gone out by PC and program compiler real-time rendering.There is the advantages such as function is many, measuring accuracy is high, applicability is wide, easy to use.Its feature is as follows:
1, higher temperature controlling range and control accuracy, each leisure-30 of temperature of upper Winchester disk and lower Winchester disk can be made to regulate within the scope of 90 degree by temperature control system, precision is 0.1 ° of C.
2, counterweight is loaded by counterweight charger, can the simulation of real burden pressure, probe under different burden pressure condition the frost-heave force of soil and the impact of frost heave displacement.
3, the size of frost-heave force can be measured by pressure transducer.
4, stay-warm case can keep the stability of soil sample temperature in glass specimen cylinder.
5, can underground water table height in analog regulation soil sample by water replanishing device, probe into and differently descend under height of water level condition the frost-heave force of soil and the impact of frost heave displacement.
6, the water percentage of each point in soil can be measured by water percentage detector, observe out the situation of water-cut variation under thermograde, thus probe into the process of water translocation.
7, frost heave displacement can be measured by displacement transducer.
After the work such as 8, glass specimen cylinder first plugs latch before dress soil sample in temperature survey hole, the compacting of dress sample complete, extracted out by latch, then insert temp probe, which prevent soil sample is hit in fact, the situation that temp probe cannot insert.
9, by the groove of glass specimen cylinder both sides, after off-test, comparatively easily glass specimen cylinder is prized from base.
10, can at upper Winchester disk and lower Winchester disk Offered target temperature time curve, temperature control system works under determined temperature curve.
11, temperature in process of the test, water percentage, frost-heave force, frost heave displacement all can real time record, for drawing icon.
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the part of data acquisition schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the water replanishing device schematic diagram in the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, frost heaving meter comprises support section, temprature control unit, soil test part and part of data acquisition, described support section comprises the base plate 22 be fixed on experimental provision A, two, the left and right guidepost 14 be fixed on by nut 25 on base plate 22, be fixed on by nut 9 guidepost 14 top web joint 11, be located at Limit screw 10 on web joint 11 and hook 12, described soil test part comprises soil sample device and counterweight charger, described soil sample device comprises lower Winchester disk 23, upper Winchester disk 15, glass specimen cylinder 20, stay-warm case 4 and water replanishing device 27, lower Winchester disk 23 passed through feet 24 and was fixed on base plate 22, a circle groove 2301 is provided with in the middle of lower Winchester disk 23, the groove 2301 that glass specimen cylinder 20 is located at lower Winchester disk 23 is interior between lower Winchester disk 23 and upper Winchester disk 15, by pressure ring 16 and three cover wing nuts 6 and screw rod 6 ', glass specimen cylinder 20 and lower Winchester disk 23 are integrally fixed, upper Winchester disk 15 is placed on the top of glass specimen cylinder 20 in pressure ring 16, it is peripheral that stay-warm case 4 is located at glass specimen cylinder 20, two panels arc-shaped cover is adopted to be hinged on guidepost 14, heat-preservation cotton is filled with in stay-warm case 4, keep temperature stabilization, rubber sealing ring 2303 is provided with between glass specimen cylinder 20 and lower Winchester disk 23, for ease of taking out glass specimen cylinder 20 after having tested, groove 2302 is provided with outside glass specimen cylinder 20, described water replanishing device 27 comprises the height be fixed on experimental provision A and regulates slide rail 2701 and geneva bottle graduated cylinder 2703, slide rail 2701 is highly regulated to be provided with slip slotted eye 2702, geneva bottle graduated cylinder 2703 is fixed on slide block 2706, slide block 2706 is fixed on the slip slotted eye 2702 of highly adjustment slide rail 2701 by screw 2704, and pass in lower Winchester disk 23 by water pipe 2705, described counterweight charger is comprised and to be positioned at below described Limit screw 10 and to be enclosed within portable plate 8 that described two guideposts 14 can slide up and down, the suspension ring 13 be located on portable plate 8, the cross bar 1 be connected with portable plate 8 by connecting link 17 and the scale pan 2 be located on cross bar 1, described temprature control unit comprises the temperature control system 28,29 be connected with upper Winchester disk 15 and lower Winchester disk 23 respectively, described part of data acquisition comprise be located at temp probe 21 on described glass specimen cylinder 20 and and water percentage probe 26, be located at the pressure transducer 7 between described upper Winchester disk 15 and described portable plate 8, be located at the displacement transducer between described counterweight charger and described support section, wherein glass specimen cylinder 20 is provided with the some temperature survey holes 5 and measurement of water ratio hole vertically arranged, with the supporting latch (not shown) in temperature survey hole 5 and measurement of water ratio hole, the quantity of temp probe 21 and size are all suitable with described temperature survey hole 5, with water percentage probe 26 quantity and size all suitable with measurement of water ratio hole, pressure transducer 7 adopts S shape pressure transducer, displacement transducer adopts magnetic ring sensor, comprise the fixed part 19 be located on described guidepost 14 and the displacement magnet ring 18 be connected with described portable plate 8.
Temp probe 21 in part of data acquisition, water percentage probe 26, pressure transducer are all connected with single-chip microcomputer with displacement transducer, can be measured the Temperature Distribution of the soil body, frost-heave force size and frost heave displacement by program compiler in process of the test.Wherein: temp probe 21 adopts PT100 temperature sensor, it is platinum resistance thermometer sensor, be widely used, its resistance can change along with the change of temperature, its measurement range is-50 ° of C-300 ° C, and precision is 0.1 ° of C, and instrument has 10 temp probes 21 and connects 10 passages of its single-chip microcomputer, can real time record soil sample each point temperature conditions, the BL-WD-504B temperature-controlled cabinet that temperature control system 28,29 can adopt Tianjin to produce than bright experimental apparatus Manufacturing Co., Ltd; Water percentage probe 26 adopts EC-5 soil moisture sensor.If its internal main is by square-wave signal generation circuit, RC charge and discharge discharge circuit, time voltage change-over circuit form, wherein sensing element electric capacity C with corrosion resistant PCB for pole plate, soil to be measured is dielectric, and soil dielectric constant ε shows as the change of electric capacity with the change of moisture.Pressure transducer adopts bridge type S type sensor, and measurement range is 0-5000N, and precision is 0.1N, can measure the real-time size of frost-heave force by single-chip microcomputer; The FST-RH-S1-0150M-H60-D01-C type product that displacement transducer can adopt Fierst sensor company limited to produce, it calculates displacement by the mistiming of being fed back by electromagnetic wave, and precision is 0.1mm., also can be read in real time by single-chip microcomputer; Single-chip microcomputer adopts 8051 single-chip microcomputers, have the functions such as numerical evaluation, logical calculated, data acquisition, the manipulative procedure write by C language can realize carrying out Offered target temperature curve by solenoid valve, and can real time record actual temperature frost-heave force and frost heave displacement, observe out the situation of water-cut variation under thermograde, the data of generation directly can derive the database that form is xls.
Principle of work:
Soil sample a is loaded glass specimen cylinder 20, glass specimen cylinder 20 is arranged between lower Winchester disk 23 and upper Winchester disk 15, be plugged temp probe 21, water percentage probe 26, and temp probe 21, water percentage probe 26, pressure transducer 7 are all connected with single-chip microcomputer with displacement transducer, test can be started.
The factor affecting frost heave degree has 4 points, soil sample kind, underground water table height, burden pressure, thermograde usually.The present invention all can regulate above factor and test.
1, the adjustment of burden pressure and test: realize by counterweight charger, range of adjustment is 0-50KG.
2, underground water table regulates: the adjustment of underground water table is realized by the height change of geneva bottle graduated cylinder 2703 in water replanishing device 27, unclamp screw 2704 namely by sliding up and down slide block 2706 to regulate the height of geneva bottle graduated cylinder 2703, range of adjustment is-20---20cm.
3, temperature regulates and measures: the temperature controlling soil sample in Winchester disk 15 and lower Winchester disk 23 simulate glass test specimen tube 20 by temperature control system 28,29 respectively, temperature regulating range is-30 to 90 degree, precision is 0.1 ° of C, in experiment, lower Winchester disk 23 main analog high temperature, upper Winchester disk 15 main analog low temperature; The Temperature Distribution of soil sample can be detected by temp probe 21, make temperature curve and measure the change of soil sample each point water percentage in process of the test by water percentage probe 26, draw correlation curve, under probing into different temperatures gradient, the situation of water translocation in the soil body.
4, the measurement of frost-heave force: on glass specimen cylinder 20 installs soil sample a and is arranged between Winchester disk 15 and lower Winchester disk 23, screw Limit screw 10 and withstand portable plate 8, stay-warm case 4 is closed on glass specimen cylinder 20, start test, the underground water table of soil sample is simulated by water replanishing device 27, by the temperature of temprature control unit simulation soil sample, in process of the test, frost-heave force can be delivered to portable plate 8 by pressure transducer 7 due to frost heave by soil sample, because portable plate 8 can not move under tight Limit screw 10 is spacing, therefore the large I of frost-heave force that soil sample produces is read by pressure transducer 7, the present invention is maximum bears the frost-heave force being equivalent to 5000N.When frost force measurement, do not put counterweight 3.
5, the measurement of frost heaving amount: unclamp Limit screw 10, hook 12 is removed from suspension ring 13, counterweight 3 is loaded by weight effect portable plate 8 at scale pan 2, portable plate 8 is along guidepost 14 slide downward and applied pressure sensor 7, power to be applied in the soil sample in glass specimen cylinder 20 by pressure transducer 7 by upper Winchester disk 15, the power of pressurization can read from pressure transducer 7, the movement of displacement magnet ring 18 meeting in the vertical direction, with this to measure in soil sample the displacement of generation frost heave, the large I of displacement is read by displacement transducer, and displacement measurement precision is 0.01cm.
Measure complete, suspension ring 13 should be hung on hook 12, in order to avoid counterweight charger falls to causing damage to instrument.
Claims (8)
1. a frost heaving meter, comprises support section, temprature control unit, soil test part and part of data acquisition; It is characterized in that described support section comprises base plate, two guideposts be fixed on base plate, the web joint being located at described guidepost top, the limiting component be located on web joint; Described soil test part comprises soil sample device and counterweight charger, wherein soil sample device comprises the lower Winchester disk be located on described base plate, the glass specimen cylinder be located on lower Winchester disk, the upper Winchester disk be located on glass specimen cylinder top, the stay-warm case being located at glass specimen cylinder periphery, the water replanishing device passed in lower Winchester disk, and counterweight charger comprises and to be positioned at below described limiting component and to be enclosed within the portable plate that described two guideposts can move up and down, the scale pan be connected with described portable plate; Described temprature control unit comprises the temperature control system be connected with upper Winchester disk and lower Winchester disk respectively; Described part of data acquisition comprises and is located at temp probe on described glass specimen cylinder and water percentage probe, is located at pressure transducer between described upper Winchester disk and described portable plate, is located at displacement transducer between described counterweight charger and described support section.
2. frost heaving meter according to claim 1, is characterized in that described stay-warm case is the two panels arc-shaped cover be hinged on described guidepost.
3. frost heaving meter according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described water replanishing device adopts height-adjustable geneva bottle graduated cylinder.
4. frost heaving meter according to claim 3, is characterized in that described web joint and portable plate are respectively equipped with the hook and suspension ring that cooperatively interact.
5. frost heaving meter according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described glass specimen cylinder be provided with some temperature survey holes of vertically arranging and measurement of water ratio hole, with the supporting latch in temperature survey hole and measurement of water ratio hole, the quantity of described temp probe and water percentage probe and size respectively with described temperature survey hole and measurement of water ratio hole suitable.
6. frost heaving meter according to claim 5, is characterized in that being provided with groove outside described glass specimen cylinder.
7. frost heaving meter according to claim 6, is characterized in that institute's displacement sensors adopts magnetic ring sensor, comprises the fixed part be located on described guidepost and the movable part be located on described portable plate.
8. frost heaving meter according to claim 7, is characterized in that described pressure transducer adopts S shape pressure transducer.
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| CN105158438A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-16 | 山东路达试验仪器有限公司 | Tester for soil frost-heaving ratio |
| CN106124553A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of Multifunction frost heave test instrument |
| CN106124553B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-10-19 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of novel and multifunctional frost heave test instrument |
| CN106018266A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-12 | 山东科技大学 | Rock expansion test device |
| CN106018266B (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2019-02-05 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of rock expansion experimental rig |
| CN106226499B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-08-24 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of frozen soil experiment device of combination temp gradient |
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