CN210923541U - Salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive testing device - Google Patents
Salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210923541U CN210923541U CN201921612140.9U CN201921612140U CN210923541U CN 210923541 U CN210923541 U CN 210923541U CN 201921612140 U CN201921612140 U CN 201921612140U CN 210923541 U CN210923541 U CN 210923541U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive test device, wherein a jack is arranged between a sliding plate and a bottom plate, a dynamometer is arranged on the sliding plate, a sample platform is arranged on the dynamometer, a sample cylinder is arranged on the sample platform, and a soil sample to be tested is arranged in the sample cylinder; a temperature sensor, a PF Meter matrix potential sensor, a pore water pressure sensor and a Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor are arranged in the soil sample, and all the sensors are connected with a processor through a data acquisition system; a pressure head which is matched with the sample cylinder for use is arranged on the top plate, and an alcohol refrigeration cold bath device A and an alcohol refrigeration cold bath device B are respectively arranged on the pressure head and the sample table; a dial indicator mounting rack is arranged on the supporting rod, and a dial indicator is arranged on the dial indicator mounting rack; the utility model discloses can be competent at simultaneously and study the influence relation of ambient temperature to the multifactor of saline soil.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt swell comprehensive testing device belongs to salinized soil experiment tool field.
Background
The distribution of the salinized soil in China is wide, and the engineering construction is often inconvenient in areas of the salinized soil related to engineering projects due to the characteristics of salinization, frost heaving and salinization. The existing experimental device is dedicated to researching the influence of environmental temperature and humidity on migration of water salt and frost heaving and salt swelling in saline soil, the research on crystallization pressure is less, and no instrument and equipment specially used for testing the crystallization pressure of the saline soil exists at present. In the aspect of rock expansion pressure testing, various types of rock expansion pressure instruments are available at present, the principle of the instrument is that two ends of a rock sample are fixed, the periphery of the rock sample is free, the rock absorbs water to expand after water is added, and a dynamometer is used for recording the maximum expansion force after water absorption is stable to serve as the rock expansion pressure. The method for measuring the expansion pressure of the expansive soil adopts a one-way consolidation apparatus to ensure that the sample is saturated with water after being consolidated stably under an upper load, and the load is increased gradually after the expansion is finished to press the sample back to the pressure required by the original porosity ratio. However, the frozen swelling and salt swelling effects of saline soils are fundamentally different from those of expansive soils and expansive rocks. Expansive soil and expansive rock are those in which clay minerals expand by absorbing water to generate expansive pressure; the frozen swelling and salt swelling of the saline soil are accompanied with the crystallization phase change of water and salt in the soil body, so that the crystallization pressure is generated. The existing experimental device for testing the saline soil can only research single factors in the saline soil, such as research on migration of water salt in the saline soil or testing of salt expansion rate of the saline soil under the condition of temperature and humidity environmental change. And no special instrument and equipment are provided for testing the crystallization pressure.
Therefore, a comprehensive testing device for the crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving of the saline soil is needed, and the influence relationship of the environmental temperature on multiple factors of the saline soil can be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a comprehensive testing device for the crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving of the saline soil, which can simultaneously research the influence relationship of environmental temperature on multiple factors of the saline soil; the defects of the prior art can be overcome.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a comprehensive testing device for crystal pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving of saline soil is used for being placed in a wet temperature control box and comprises a bottom plate, wherein a supporting rod is arranged on the bottom plate, a top plate is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the supporting rod, a sliding plate is arranged on the supporting rod, a jack is arranged between the sliding plate and the bottom plate, a dynamometer is arranged on the sliding plate, a sample table is arranged on the dynamometer, a sample cylinder is arranged on the sample table, and a soil sample to be tested is filled in the sample cylinder; a temperature sensor, a PF Meter matrix potential sensor, a pore water pressure sensor and a Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor are arranged in the soil sample, and all the sensors are connected with a processor through a data acquisition system; a pressure head which is matched with the sample cylinder for use is arranged on the top plate, and an alcohol refrigeration cold bath device A and an alcohol refrigeration cold bath device B are respectively arranged on the pressure head and the sample table; the support rod is provided with a dial indicator mounting rack, and the dial indicator mounting rack is provided with a dial indicator.
The sample cylinder and the pressure head are provided with a plurality of sizes which correspond to each other, a threaded rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate, and a threaded interface is arranged on the pressure head.
The sample cylinder is provided with a through hole for the penetration of a temperature sensor, a PF Meter matrix potential sensor, a pore water pressure sensor and a Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor.
The sliding plate is provided with a through hole for the support rod to pass through, and the lower surface of the sliding plate is contacted with the upper movable end of the jack.
The dial indicator mounting frame comprises a mounting sleeve capable of rotating along a support rod fixed shaft, a fastening screw and a horizontal rod are arranged on the mounting sleeve, a dial indicator mounting hole is formed in the horizontal rod, and a guide rod of the dial indicator is mounted on the horizontal rod.
Compared with the prior art, the comprehensive testing device for the crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving of the salinized soil is characterized in that a sliding plate is arranged on a supporting rod, a jack is arranged between the sliding plate and a bottom plate, a dynamometer is arranged on the sliding plate, a sample platform is arranged on the dynamometer, a sample cylinder is arranged on the sample platform, and a soil sample to be tested is filled in the sample cylinder; a temperature sensor, a PFMeter matrix potential sensor, a pore water pressure sensor and a Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor are arranged in the soil sample, and all the sensors are connected with a processor through a data acquisition system; a pressure head which is matched with the sample cylinder for use is arranged on the top plate, and an alcohol refrigeration cold bath device A and an alcohol refrigeration cold bath device B are respectively arranged on the pressure head and the sample table; a dial indicator mounting rack is arranged on the supporting rod, and a dial indicator is arranged on the dial indicator mounting rack; with such a configuration, measurement can be performed by a dial indicator when the expansion coefficient is measured; the relationship between the environmental temperature and the macroscopic crystallization pressure can be researched through a temperature sensor and a dynamometer; the relation among the liquid water content, the salinity concentration and the temperature can be researched by a Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor; the relation between the substrate suction and the temperature, the moisture and the salt can be researched through a Meter matrix potential sensor; the pore water pressure sensor can obtain pore water pressure data, and the micro-crystallization pressure can be calculated according to the generalized Clara dragon equation by matching with the data of the temperature sensor and the matrix suction sensor; the structure can simultaneously research the influence relationship of the environmental temperature on multiple factors, more importantly, the data of the environmental temperature, the liquid water content, the salinity concentration, the matrix suction and the macroscopic crystallization pressure can be collected aiming at the same saline soil sample in the same device, the salt crystal precipitation temperature, the humidity and the saturation condition under different conditions, the freezing temperature and the expansion coefficient of the saline soil can be obtained through data analysis, and the evolution process and the interrelation of each physical quantity of the saline soil under the temperature and humidity change condition can be accurately analyzed.
The sample cylinder and the pressure head are provided with a plurality of sizes which correspond to each other, a threaded rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate, and a threaded interface is arranged on the pressure head; the threaded rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate, the pressure head is provided with a threaded interface, and the threaded interface is favorable for installing the pressure head, so that the sample cylinders with different sizes can be conveniently replaced and the pressure head can be conveniently researched.
A temperature sensor, a PF Meter matrix potential sensor, a pore water pressure sensor and a HydraProbe 2 through hole for the three-parameter sensor to pass through are arranged on the sample cylinder; therefore, the temperature, the liquid water content, the conductivity, the matrix suction data and the pore water pressure are conveniently acquired, and the precipitation condition and the precipitation rule of the saline soil crystal are comprehensively judged by multiple factors.
The slide plate is provided with a through hole for the support rod to pass through, the lower surface of the slide plate is in contact with the upper movable end of the jack, so that the jack can push the slide plate to move up and down, the sample is ensured to be in good contact with the pressure head, and the crystallization pressure generated in the phase change process is transmitted to the dynamometer and is recorded and output.
The utility model discloses a test device, including the setting screw of percentage table mounting bracket, the setting screw is fixed to the guide arm, the guide arm is fixed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sample cartridge and the upper sensor thereof according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sensor and the data acquisition system and the processor according to the present invention.
Wherein, the wet temperature control box 1; a base plate 2; a support rod 3; a top plate 4; a slide 5; a jack 6; a load cell 7; a sample stage 8; a sample cylinder 9; a soil sample 10; a temperature sensor 11; a PF Meter matric potential sensor 12; a pore water pressure sensor 13; HydraProbe 2 three-parameter sensor 14; a data acquisition system 15; a processor 16; a pressure head 17; cold bath apparatus a 18; cold bath apparatus B19; a dial indicator mounting bracket 20; and a dial indicator 21.
Detailed Description
Embodiment 1. as shown in fig. 1, a comprehensive testing device for salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving is used for being placed in a wet temperature control box 1 and comprises a bottom plate 2, a support rod 3 is arranged on the bottom plate 2, a top plate 4 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the support rod 3, a sliding plate 5 is arranged on the support rod 3, a jack 6 is arranged between the sliding plate 5 and the bottom plate 2, a through hole for the support rod 3 to pass through is arranged on the sliding plate 5, and the lower surface of the sliding plate 5 is in contact with the upper movable end of the jack 6; a dynamometer 7 is arranged on the sliding plate 5, a sample table 8 is arranged on the dynamometer 7, a sample cylinder 9 is arranged on the sample table 8, and a soil sample 10 to be tested is filled in the sample cylinder 9; a temperature sensor 11, a PF Meter matrix potential sensor 12, a pore water pressure sensor 13 and a Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor 14 are arranged in a soil sample 10, all the sensors are connected with a processor 16 through a data acquisition system 15, and a cold bath device A14 and a cold bath device B15 are fixed through screws and binding; the sample cylinder 9 is provided with a plurality of through holes for the temperature sensor 11, the PF Meter matrix potential sensor 12, the pore water pressure sensor 13 and the Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor 14 to pass through, and the temperature sensor 11, the PF Meter matrix potential sensor 12, the pore water pressure sensor 13 and the Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor 14 respectively pass through the through holes and are inserted into the soil sample 10; the pressure head 17 which is matched with the sample cylinder 9 for use is arranged on the top plate 4, the sample cylinder 9 and the pressure head 17 have a plurality of sizes which correspond to each other, a threaded rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate 4, and a threaded interface is arranged on the pressure head 17; a cold bath device A18 and a cold bath device B19 for cooling alcohol are respectively arranged on the pressure head 17 and the sample table 8; a dial indicator mounting rack 20 is arranged on the support rod 3, and a dial indicator 21 is arranged on the dial indicator mounting rack 20; the dial indicator mounting rack 20 comprises a mounting sleeve capable of rotating along the fixed axis of the support rod 3, a fastening screw and a horizontal rod are arranged on the mounting sleeve, a mounting hole of the dial indicator 21 is formed in the horizontal rod, and a guide rod of the dial indicator 21 is mounted on the horizontal rod.
The dynamometer 7, the Meter matric potential sensor 12, the Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor 14, the pressure head 17 and the pore water pressure sensor 13 are connected with a data acquisition system 15 through a digital line, and the data acquisition system 15 is connected with a processor 16; the data acquisition system 15 is a CR1000X data acquisition instrument manufactured by Campbell company, and data acquisition and storage can be performed by data acquisition instruments of other types; the processor 16 is data processing software on a computer; the device facilitates further research in the processor 16 by integrating the test data.
When in use:
the humidity temperature in the whole box can be controlled by the humidity temperature control box 1, and the temperatures of the upper end and the lower end of the sample tube 9 can be set by the cold bath device A18 and the cold bath device B19, so that the actual temperature change effect can be simulated.
1) When a macroscopic crystallization pressure test is carried out, the humidity temperature in the whole box can be controlled through the humidity temperature control box 1, the temperatures of the upper end and the lower end of the sample cylinder 9 can be simultaneously adjusted through the cold bath device A18 and the cold bath device B19, and the actual cooling process can be more accurately simulated; when the macro crystallization pressure measurement is carried out, the sliding plate 5 is pushed upwards by controlling the jack 6 until the pressure head 17 is in good contact with the soil sample 10. At this time, the macro-crystallization pressure generated by the soil sample 10 can be transmitted to the load cell 7, and the output is monitored by the load cell 7 in real time.
Therefore, the change situation of the macro crystallization pressure of the saline soil can be simulated when the environmental temperature changes.
2) A temperature sensor 11 is arranged in the sample cylinder 9, the salt crystallization temperature and the moisture freezing temperature in the saline soil can be determined through the high-precision (the precision is 0.01 ℃) temperature sensor 11, and the crystallization amount can be further determined by researching the phase change heat absorption/heat release amount according to the temperature floating of the temperature sensor data near the phase change point; in cooperation with the load cell 7, the relationship between temperature and crystallization amount during phase transition and crystallization pressure was investigated.
Further, the data of the temperature, the liquid water content and the conductivity of the sample can be output through the Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor 14, so that the salinity crystallization temperature, the moisture freezing temperature and the moisture salinity crystallization amount are determined; the relationship between temperature, moisture salinity crystallization amount and macro-crystallization pressure can be studied by cooperating with the load cell 7.
3) When researching the possibility of the relationship between the micro-crystallization pressure in the saline soil and the macro-crystallization pressure measured by the dynamometer 7, a PF Meter matrix potential sensor 12 and a pore water pressure sensor 13 are arranged in the sample cylinder 9, and for a saturated sample, the matrix suction force in the phase change process is the difference between the crystal pressure and the liquid pressure, namely, the difference between the crystal pressure and the liquid pressure is
ps＝pc-pl(1)
When free water in the saline soil sample is frozen, the pressure difference of the ice-water equilibrium state is expressed by adopting a Keraberon equation:
wherein, DeltamH is the freezing temperature T0Molar latent heat of phase transition of (i) vwIs the molar volume of liquid water, and T is the sample temperature; at this time pcAnd plRespectively, ice crystal pressure and liquid water pressure.
Passing through a Meter matric potential sensor 12 to obtain the difference p between the ice crystal pressure and the liquid water pressuresThe temperature sensor 11 can obtain the sample temperature T and the freezing temperature T0The ice crystal pressure can be calculated according to equation (2).
When the salt in the saline soil sample is crystallized, the pressure difference that the salt crystal and the salt solution are in an equilibrium state is expressed as follows:
wherein R is an ideal gas constant, vcIs the partial molar volume of the crystal, c and c0Respectively representing the concentration of the salt solution and the saturated concentration at the temperature T; at this time pcAnd plRespectively representing salt crystals and solution pressure.
The liquid pressure in equations (1) and (3) can be directly measured by the pore water pressure sensor 13, the temperature sensor 11 can obtain the sample temperature T, and the saturation concentration c can be determined according to the phase diagram of the salinity0The salinity concentration can be determined after calibration by the conductivity measured by the Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor 14 as a function of the temperature T. Thus, the salt crystal pressure can be calculated from equations (2) and (3).
According to the distribution condition of crystals in the saline soil sample, the method comprisesDetermining the micro-crystallization pressure p after normalizationcThe macro-micro crystallization pressure theory is established in relation to the macro crystallization pressure measured by the load cell 7.
4) When researching the relationship between crystal growth and crystallization pressure during building load; the slide 5 can be pushed up by controlling the jack 6 until the pressure head 17 is in good contact with the soil sample 10. After the pressure head 17 is in good contact with the soil sample 10, the lifting height of the jack 6 is controlled, prestress can be applied to the sample, the stress can be adjusted through the lifting height of the jack 6, the output is displayed through the dynamometer 7, the crystal growth and crystallization pressure development process is simulated when building load exists, and the method has important significance for guaranteeing the safety and stability of a building constructed on the saline soil.
5) When using percentage table 21 to test frost heaving salt heaving characteristics, rotate the horizon bar to sample cylinder 9 top earlier, push up slide 5 through jack 6 for after the guide arm of percentage table 21 and the salt soil in the sample cylinder 9 contact, when can studying the ambient temperature change, crystal precipitation temperature, salinity content, water content, salinity moisture crystallization volume and frost heaving and the relation of salt heaving volume in the salt soil.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving salt swell integrated test device, it is used for placing in wet temperature control box (1), and it includes bottom plate (2), is equipped with bracing piece (3) on bottom plate (2), fixes roof (4) of being equipped with in the upper end of bracing piece (3), its characterized in that: a sliding plate (5) is arranged on the supporting rod (3), a jack (6) is arranged between the sliding plate (5) and the bottom plate (2), a dynamometer (7) is arranged on the sliding plate (5), a sample table (8) is arranged on the dynamometer (7), a sample cylinder (9) is arranged on the sample table (8), and a soil sample (10) to be tested is filled in the sample cylinder (9); a temperature sensor (11), a PF Meter matrix potential sensor (12), a pore water pressure sensor (13) and a Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor (14) are arranged in a soil sample (10), and all the sensors are connected with a processor (16) through a data acquisition system (15); a pressure head (17) which is matched with the sample cylinder (9) for use is arranged on the top plate (4), and a cold bath device A (18) and a cold bath device B (19) which are refrigerated by alcohol are respectively arranged on the pressure head (17) and the sample table (8); the dial indicator mounting rack (20) is arranged on the support rod (3), and the dial indicator (21) is arranged on the dial indicator mounting rack (20).
2. The salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sample cylinder (9) and the pressure head (17) are provided with a plurality of sizes and models corresponding to each other, a threaded rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate (4), and a threaded interface is arranged on the pressure head (17).
3. The salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sample cylinder (9) is provided with through holes for the penetration of a temperature sensor (11), a PF Meter matric potential sensor (12), a pore water pressure sensor (13) and a Hydra Probe2 three-parameter sensor (14).
4. The salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sliding plate (5) is provided with a through hole for the supporting rod (3) to pass through, and the lower surface of the sliding plate (5) is contacted with the upper movable end of the jack (6).
5. The salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the dial indicator mounting frame (20) comprises a mounting sleeve capable of rotating along the fixed axis of the support rod (3), a fastening screw and a horizontal rod are arranged on the mounting sleeve, a dial indicator (21) mounting hole is formed in the horizontal rod, and a guide rod of the dial indicator (21) is mounted on the horizontal rod.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201921612140.9U CN210923541U (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive testing device |
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| CN201921612140.9U CN210923541U (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Salinized soil crystallization pressure and frost heaving and salt heaving comprehensive testing device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110455853A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州大学 | A kind of salinized soil crystallization pressure and the swollen comprehensive test device of frost heave salt |
| CN113189308A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-30 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Deformation testing device for saline soil foundation |
-
2019
- 2019-09-26 CN CN201921612140.9U patent/CN210923541U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110455853A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州大学 | A kind of salinized soil crystallization pressure and the swollen comprehensive test device of frost heave salt |
| CN110455853B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2024-03-22 | 贵州大学 | Comprehensive testing device for crystallization pressure and frost heaving salt expansion of saline soil |
| CN113189308A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-30 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Deformation testing device for saline soil foundation |
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