CN104652403A - Underwater geotechnical cloth lapping and pavement method - Google Patents
Underwater geotechnical cloth lapping and pavement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104652403A CN104652403A CN201510044300.4A CN201510044300A CN104652403A CN 104652403 A CN104652403 A CN 104652403A CN 201510044300 A CN201510044300 A CN 201510044300A CN 104652403 A CN104652403 A CN 104652403A
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- geotextiles
- laying
- nail
- band
- bag
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/10—Placing gravel or light material under water inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0085—Geotextiles
Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater geotechnical cloth lapping and pavement method and belongs to the coastal engineering construction technology. Due to the complexity of a soft foundation and the imbalanced bearing force of the foundation, the underwater geotechnical cloth always causes ballast drifting, and especially, the lapped position of two pieces of geotechnical cloth always has disjoint phenomenon; the potential hazards on quality is generated as the mentioned problems cannot be effectively solved in the sequent project. The pavement method provided by the invention comprises a GPS positioning method, an industrial control monitor real-time marking method, a barbed hook steel rope method and a gravel bag method; as the gravel bags are placed accurately, the floating, curling and drifting of the geotechnical cloth are effectively prevented, the underwater geotechnical cloth is paved smoothly and without creases, the edges of the cloth are hooked and linked to one with one another, and the working efficiency and the pavement quality are improved; the difficult problem of lapping the underwater geotechnical cloth is well solved, and the method has the characteristics that the positioning is accurate, the errors are small, the speed is high, and the efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotextiles to lay under water, belong to coastal engineering building construction technology.
Background technology
Geotextiles, also known as geotextile, it is by the water permeability geosynthetics of synthetic fibers by acupuncture or braiding.Geotextiles has outstanding filtration, draining, isolation, reinforcement, antiseepage, protective action, have lightweight, tensile strength is high, good penetrability, high temperature resistant, anti-freezing, ageing-resistant, corrosion-resistant.In soft base embankment project, geotextiles can isolate the material of different physical properties effectively, and two or more storerooms are not mixed, and keeps overall structure and the function of material; Effectively concentrated stress spread, transmit or decompose, reduce uneven settlement of foundation; Effectively increase tensile strength and the resistance ability of the soil body, strengthen the anti-shearing destruction of ground, therefore, geotextiles is able to extensive use in seashore treatment of soft foundation.Along with developing rapidly of marine cause, coastal engineering by shallow water to deep water future development.Its construction also by land to shallow water, more to deep water transition.So geotextile laying technology receives the concern of people gradually under water.
In recent years, this technology was applied in coastal engineering deep water deep soft soil treatment.Under water geotextile laying also exist that The water is deep and the current fast, stormy waves is large, with a varied topography, the feature of ground weakness, these are all bring difficulty to deep water geotextile laying.And the subject matter existed is the floating drift of geotextiles, the overlap joint under water between geotextiles is unstable, causes work cloth by floating and folding, even also washed away.Very large on the impact of efficiency of construction and laying quality.Do not have advanced method, be problem in the urgent need to address in coastal engineering in the past always.Chinese patent " underwater geotextile laying equipment " (ZL201020258420.7) is the achievement in research in an early stage of the present inventor, is the construction equipment that a kind of profundal zone and even abysmal area geotextile laying are new.The earthwork cloth laying ship under water that main research is special is to solve under the complex working condition of deep-sea safety work and improve efficiency of construction equipment.And Chinese patent " under water geotextile laying method " (201210202475.X) is new technology and the new method of geotextile laying under water, under solving the complicated hydrologic condition of deep water, the new construction equipment of geotextile laying is adopted to carry out the desired technological process control of unconventional construction.Then, in the quality inspection of the laying of geotextiles under water, find again a lot of problem, scientific and technological invention is exactly that relay is run, and is constantly pinpointing the problems and is researching and solving in problem, promoting scientific and technological progress.Due to the complexity of soft foundation, bearing capacity of foundation soil unbalanced, geotextiles always occurs that ballast drifts about under water.Especially always there is the changing of the relative positions and discrepancy in the lap-joint of two pieces of geotextiles.And after finding this problem, be difficult to effectively make up in engineering, bury hidden danger of quality.The present invention is directed on the basis of early-stage Study, through research practice repeatedly, drop into engineer applied, Be very effective, solves a geotextiles lapped layup method difficult problem under water.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve above-mentioned technical barrier, ensures the laying quality of geotextiles under water.Invent one geotextiles bridging method under water, comprised and adopt band acicular hook gang rope and nail sand bag method.
The technology of the present invention comprises operation field and measures, and installation apparatus is located, and geotextiles makes splicing, and geotextiles lifting is laid, and sandstone bag is thrown in, and jackstone ballast, is characterized in that:
A. according to operation field Measurement situation industrial PC input related data time, input the overlapping edges size of adjacent geotextiles simultaneously, and the corresponding site of laying ship corresponding on the screen of industrial PC carries out scale mark, as the position of throwing in nail sandstone bag;
B., when geotextiles makes splicing, geotextiles edge sewing one band acicular hook gang rope, as the overlap joint hook of two geotextiles under water;
C., before geotextile laying, band acicular hook gang rope is connected with the steel pipe grasp on the front end of geotextiles, is then wound on cylinder, lifts to operation ship;
The nail of band barb is housed bottom the sandstone bag that D. two geotextiles overlapping parts are used, and be placed on the position that mark carried out by laying ship, laying limit, limit is thrown in, sandstone bag is thrown in the line space of 3 ~ 5m at non-overlapping position, in two geotextiles overlap joint crossover position, throw in nail sandstone bag with the line space of 1 ~ 3m; Nail with barb pierces through two geotextiles overlapping parts, and two-layer geotextiles is linked together
When E. laying next geotextiles, under the effect sinking to the bottom cylinder, the tartar that band acicular hook gang rope is established inserts geotextiles, is tied, be unified into a slice by with the mutual hook of barb;
F. adopt particle diameter to be less than the metaling of 15cm during jackstone ballast, first to throwing on the edge placement of two geotextiles overlapping parts and geotextile laying, and then throwing is whole lays district.
The overlapping edges of described geotextiles is the position of the two geotextiles overlaps adjacent when laying, and two width geotextiles should be greater than 30 ~ 80cm in the lap width of crossover region, and painting face ground is more weak more gets high level.
Described overlap joint hook adopts band acicular hook gang rope, is also called barbed wire, thorn rope, is among the peoplely commonly called as barbed wire.Bifilar or multiply thorn rope is twisted volume by thorn rope machine and is formed, thorn apart between 15 ~ 60cm, thorn long by 3 ~ 6 times of laying geotextiles thickness, tartar is upper with barb.When geotextiles makes splicing, make the edge in geotextiles.
The nail of band barb is housed bottom described sandstone bag, and being called nail sandstone bag, is the nail that a band barb is at least housed bottom sandstone bag, nail long by 3 ~ 6 times of laying geotextiles thickness, load onto float the suitable for reading of cloth bag.Be deposited on laying ship for subsequent use, be specifically designed to two geotextiles overlapping parts.
Advantage of the present invention
Owing to adopting geotextiles edge sewing overlap joint hook for band acicular hook gang rope, and before geotextile laying, band acicular hook gang rope is connected with the steel pipe grasp on the front end of geotextiles.In the process of geotextile laying, all there is protection in the surrounding of geotextiles, the more curling drift of geotextiles can not be caused.After geotextile laying, nail penetrates geotextiles, with barb in nail head.Make two geotextiles phase clasp joints, no longer remove.
Owing to adopting the corresponding site of laying ship corresponding on the industrial PC screen of GPS location to carry out scale mark, and nail sandstone bag is placed on the position that mark carried out by laying ship in advance.Sandstone bag is thrown in precisely, improves operating efficiency.
Owing to adopting the upper band acicular hook gang rope with barb of tartar, thorn apart between 15 ~ 60cm, thorn length by 3 ~ 6 times of laying geotextiles thickness.The mutual clasp joint in the edge of geotextiles is under water made to be unified into a slice.
Throw in sand bag at non-overlapping position with the line space of 3 ~ 5m owing to adopting, in two geotextiles overlap joint crossover position, the line space of nail sandstone bag 1 ~ 3m throws in nail sand bag.When throwing particle diameter is less than the metaling of 15cm, first to throwing on two geotextiles overlapping part paving locations, two-layer geotextiles is linked together.Effectively prevent the floating drift of geotextiles, make geotextile laying smooth-going and wrinkle resistant.
The present invention can ensure stable construction in the environment of the depth of water 2 ~ 20m, flow velocity 0 ~ 3m/s, tidal range≤9m, wind-force≤7 grade, wave≤2 grades, and all weather operations, have ensured the quality of laying.And it is accurate to have location, error is little, and speed is fast, the feature that efficiency is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sandstone bag arrangement diagram, and Fig. 2 is the nail state diagram of the bottom mounting strap acicular hook of sandstone bag, and Fig. 3 is that geotextiles overlap joint figure, Fig. 4 are band acicular hook gang rope Local map under water.Comprise: float (1), band (2), sand material (3), woven bag (4), sheet iron plate (5), nail (6), suture (7), band acicular hook gang rope (8), geotextiles (9), soft base (10), bifilar thorn rope (11), barbed wire (12), tartar (13).
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1: certain embankment project is that inland rivers port area grows comparatively complete, largest Tidal Flat Resources.Constantly slowly to deposit in the last hundred years extension, deposit deep mud and silt clay and fine powder chiltern soil layer, the long 16.5km of present beach face, wide 4.5km, gradient 0.4 ~ 10.68 ‰, more than mean tide tlevel, have 3.2 ten thousand mu, other are all below mean tide tlevel.Sea wall dike line is always about 18.5km, total cost 6.6 hundred million, and levee body structure is jackstone embankment structure, and 1 ~ 2 grade of suppression platform is established in dike both sides, and dike both sides side slope adopts top layer boulder, fills with building block stone and concrete profiled block ground surface protection structure.Levee body based process adopts geotextiles to add the composite consolidation method of hardcore bed and plastic draining, and in conjunction with ballast processing method.This engineering levee foundation adopts geotextile laying sector width to be 36 ~ 98m.Lay district maximum water depth 18.6m, flow velocity 2.6m/s, tidal range 6.1m.Because engineering is located in the southeastern coastal areas, 6 ~ 8 grades of strong wind are regular weather, and stormy waves is large.Harsh environmental conditions is larger on the impact of geotextile laying quality.
In order to ensure laying quality, increasing work efficiency, adopting geotextiles lapped layup method under water.
Construction equipment: hull system non-boat formula disjunctor ground processing operation ship, overall length 36m, beam overall 12m, moldeed depth 3.0m, draft is 1.6m, and displacement is 300t, the Horizontal electronic windlass of 5t and each 4 of the Hall'sanchor of 400kg is joined about bow tail deck, anchor cable adopts φ 22.5mm, and the wire rope of 200m × 4, as mobile device and the job platform of ship.
Navigation system: geotextile laying machine is placed on operation ship, can carry out vertical and horizontal at construction area and move.Water positioner adopts advanced GPS real-time requiring system, is made up of 3 high-precision GPSs.This system carries out full-computerized operation, and the information that not only receives is fast, and not by the impact of weather, stormy waves, can at round-the-clock positioning operation.
Nail sandstone packs work: nail (6) of burn-oning on one piece of leg-of-mutton sheet iron plate (5), and nail (6) is long is 2.5cm, with barb on nail (6) head.Nail (6) penetrates woven bag (4) down, and is fixed on the bottom of woven bag (4) with suture (7) line; Seal be less than sand material (3) the 25kg loading cloth bag of 5cm with particle diameter after; A floater of foam (1) is loaded onto the suitable for reading of cloth bag; Then band (2) is used to tie sack.Multiple sandstone bag is deposited on laying ship for subsequent use.The nail sandstone bag that said method does is deposited in be laid on ship; With support vessel, sandstone contracted affreightment is loaded to laying the sandstone bag of ship by suppression geotextiles the opposite side laying ship together.
Geotextiles (9) makes splicing: the geotextiles (9) of single width width 5 meters made on land, be spliced into width at 25 ± 0.5m, length is at 36 ~ 98m.Band acicular hook gang rope (8) is made in the two edges of geotextiles (9).Then be wound on cylinder, side seam limit reels, in case geotextiles (9) bending fold in winding process; Cut off by design length, and on the external end head of geotextiles (9), install steel pipe and 4 grasps that a diameter is 90cm, band acicular hook gang rope (8) is connected with the steel pipe grasp on the front end of geotextiles (9).Band acicular hook gang rope (8) adopts bifilar thorn to restrict (11), fixes barbed wire (12) at a distance of 40cm.Barbed wire (12) is provided with tartar (13), and thorn is long is 2cm, with two-sided barb on tartar (13).
Adopt the way sinking to the bottom cylinder and launch at the bottom to pave, carry out geotextiles (9) under water and lay.During operation, after opening computer, navigation system is started working, and multiple satellite-signal, through fore gps antenna, fore GPS, enters industrial PC through stern gps antenna, stern GPS.The datum station signal that movement station communication antenna receives simultaneously inputs industrial PC by receiving radio station.The location windlass laying the corner of ship is controlled by positioner, and industrial PC resolves various signal, and adopts the folding and unfolding of a set of working software reed time controll four anchor hawsers, the position that adjustment boats and ships are correct.On computers by the good required construction area laying geotextiles (9) of design setting coordinate, in operation process, screen shows ballast district, lay district, lay district, do not lay district and crossover region, employing different colours marks in real time.Input the overlapping edges size 50cm of adjacent geotextiles, and the corresponding site of laying ship corresponding on the screen of industrial PC carries out scale mark simultaneously.The nail (6) of band barb is housed bottom the sandstone bag that two geotextiles (9) overlapping part is used, and is placed on the position that mark carried out by laying ship; The cell plane working drawing of every width geotextiles (9) is divided according to the real size of every width geotextiles (9) and construction area plane of arrangement, by the position and attitude of the laying district cell of computer screen display hull setting, carry out hull with 4 windlass again and move accommodation, make hull locate sideline and setup unit lattice to lay initial sideline, district and overlap, illustrate hull accurate positioning can carry out laying operation.
After laying ship positionning, put down cylinder to painting face, geotextiles (9) grasp is pricked into soft base (10) mash, front two anchor hawsers tighten up, and rear two anchor hawsers loosen, and lay ship and slowly advance, geotextiles (9) is at the upper drawout of the thin-skinned base of painting (10), then sandstone bag puts down, and be evenly pressed in geotextiles (9), first paving location completes.Promote and lay drum, laying ship is moved to second paving location, carries out the laying of next width geotextiles (9).When laying second geotextiles (9), under the effect sinking to the bottom cylinder, the tartar (13) that the barbed wire (12) of the two edges of geotextiles (9) is established, mutual insertion, upper and lower two-layer geotextiles (9) is tied by with the mutual hook of barb, is unified into a slice.Sand bag is thrown in the line space of 4m in non-overlapping position, and in two geotextiles (9) overlap joint crossover position, the line space of nail sandstone bag 2m is thrown in.
When nail sandstone bag sinks to two geotextiles (9) overlap joint crossover position, not only press geotextiles (9), and nail (6) penetrates geotextiles (9) down, with barb on nail (6) head.Two geotextiles (9) are no longer removed.
When laying ship and moving to the 3rd paving location, with the split barge metaling that throwing particle diameter is less than 15 centimetres on first paving location, when throwing particle diameter is less than the metaling of 15 centimetres, first to throwing on the edge placement of two geotextiles (9) overlapping part and geotextile laying, and then throwing is whole lays district.So moved in circles geotextile laying under water.
Claims (4)
1. a geotextiles lapped layup method under water, comprise operation field and measure, installation apparatus is located, and geotextiles makes splicing, and geotextiles lifting is laid, and sandstone bag is thrown in, and jackstone ballast, is characterized in that:
A. according to operation field Measurement situation industrial PC input related data time, input the overlapping edges size of adjacent geotextiles simultaneously, and the corresponding site of laying ship corresponding on the screen of industrial PC carries out scale mark, as the position of throwing in nail sandstone bag;
B., when geotextiles makes splicing, geotextiles edge sewing one band acicular hook gang rope, as the overlap joint hook of two geotextiles under water;
C., before geotextile laying, band acicular hook gang rope is connected with the steel pipe grasp on the front end of geotextiles, is then wound on cylinder, lifts to operation ship;
The nail of band barb is housed bottom the sandstone bag that D. two geotextiles overlapping parts are used, and be placed on the position that mark carried out by laying ship, laying limit, limit is thrown in, sandstone bag is thrown in the line space of 3 ~ 5m at non-overlapping position, in two geotextiles overlap joint crossover position, throw in nail sandstone bag with the line space of 1 ~ 3m; Nail with barb pierces through two geotextiles overlapping parts, and two-layer geotextiles is linked together
When E. laying next geotextiles, under the effect sinking to the bottom cylinder, the tartar that band acicular hook gang rope is established inserts geotextiles, is tied, be unified into a slice by with the mutual hook of barb;
F. adopt particle diameter to be less than the metaling of 15cm during jackstone ballast, first to throwing on the edge placement of two geotextiles overlapping parts and geotextile laying, and then throwing is whole lays district.
2. one geotextiles lapped layup method under water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: two width geotextiles answer 30 ~ 80cm in the lap width of crossover region, and painting face ground is more weak more gets high level.
3. one geotextiles lapped layup method under water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: overlap joint hook adopts band acicular hook gang rope, bifilar or multiply thorn rope is twisted volume by thorn rope machine and is formed, thorn is apart between 15 ~ 60cm, thorn long by 3 ~ 6 times of laying geotextiles thickness, tartar is upper with barb, when geotextiles makes splicing, makes the edge in geotextiles.
4. one geotextiles lapped layup method under water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: nail sandstone bag is the nail that a band barb is at least housed bottom sandstone bag, nail long by 3 ~ 6 times of laying geotextiles thickness, load onto float the suitable for reading of cloth bag, be specifically designed to two geotextiles overlapping parts.
One as claimed in claim 1 is geotextiles lapped layup method under water, it is characterized in that: hull system non-boat formula disjunctor ground processing operation ship, overall length 36m, beam overall 12m, moldeed depth 3.0m, draft is 1.6m, displacement is 300t, joins the Horizontal electronic windlass of 5t and each 4 of the Hall'sanchor of 400kg about bow tail deck, and anchor cable adopts φ 22.5mm, the wire rope of 200m × 4, as mobile device and the job platform of ship.
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| CN201510044300.4A CN104652403B (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-01-28 | One geotextiles lapped layup method under water |
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| CN201510044300.4A CN104652403B (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-01-28 | One geotextiles lapped layup method under water |
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| CN104652403A true CN104652403A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| CN104652403B CN104652403B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105862670A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-17 | 陆振富 | Riverway ecological grid laying method and riverway |
| CN111058452A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-24 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Offshore underwater geotextile spreading tool and use method thereof |
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| CN201785741U (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2011-04-06 | 红阳建设集团有限公司 | Underwater geotextile laying equipment |
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| CN104652403B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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