CN104646846B - Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104646846B CN104646846B CN201310588698.9A CN201310588698A CN104646846B CN 104646846 B CN104646846 B CN 104646846B CN 201310588698 A CN201310588698 A CN 201310588698A CN 104646846 B CN104646846 B CN 104646846B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3006—Ag as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
A kind of silver-bearing copper Polarium solder and preparation method thereof, the Ingredient percent of silver-bearing copper Polarium is：Copper, 25 35%；Palladium, 20 30%；Gold, 0.1 5%；Silver, surplus.Its preparation method is as follows：Select high purity silver, oxygen-free copper, High Purity Palladium and High Purity Gold to press said ratio range computation aequum, get the raw materials ready；The furnace charge prepared is put into the crucible of vacuum melting furnace, is heated under a high vacuum, is refined after after furnace charge all melting, and temperature adjustment is to 900 1000 DEG C, cast；By ingot casting swaging and vacuum annealing by multi-pass, ingot diameters are made to be swaged from Φ 15mm to Φ 3.4mm；Further wire drawing, vacuum annealing, strip off the skin and processing and clean, head is finally burnt by hydrochloric acid and wears wire drawing after mould and obtains the thread finished products of Φ 0.5mm.Its fusing point is 870 880 DEG C, and flow point is 890 910 DEG C, and the melt flow point temperature difference is smaller, and brazing temperature is about 910 DEG C~930 DEG C, with AuCu20（910 DEG C of fusing point）It is close, AuCu20 can be partly substituted when welding base metal is the electron tubes such as oxygen-free copper, nickel, stainless steel, nickel alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electron tube silver-alloy brazing material and preparation method thereof, particularly silver-bearing copper porpezite
(AgCuPdAu) quaternary alloy brazing wire and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Vacuum electron device job requirement maintains high vacuum for a long time, and device generally carries out pricker in hydrogen furnace or vacuum drying oven
Weldering.Therefore solder must is fulfilled for claimed below：1) general solder can not contain the high-vapor-pressure elements such as Zn, Cd, Bi, Mg, Li；2)
The oxygen content of solder must not exceed 0.001%, it is ensured that solder is in hydrogen furnace brazing without splatter；3) solder must be cleaned, no
Then face of weld blackening during brazing filler metal melts, has a strong impact on the normal of device and uses；4) fusing point is at least lower than the fusing point of mother metal by 60
DEG C or so；5) requirement of soldering processes is met to the spreading character (wetability, spreadability, ability of blind etc.) of mother metal.
In numerous electrovacuum solders, auri solder is applied to electrovacuum device with exclusive welding advantage all the time
In the welding of part.Auri solder has preferable spreading character (wetability and spreadability) to various metals, and steam is forced down, antioxygen
Change, corrosion resistance it is high, melt flow point is approached, be usually used in copper, nickel, can cut down, the welding of the metal such as stainless steel and alloy, be particularly used for
Welding point has the welding of anti-oxidant and elevated temperature strength requirement.Such solder is in addition to mother metal copper, to the erosion journey of other mother metals
Degree is small, general suitable soldering thinner parts.Gold-base alloy in the range of current 900 DEG C~1000 DEG C mainly has：AuCu20(910
DEG C), AuCu37.5 (930 DEG C~940 DEG C), AuNi17.5 (950 DEG C), AuCu50 (955 DEG C~975 DEG C), (980 DEG C of AuCu60
~1000 DEG C) etc..
In the work of electron tube actual welding, often because welded complexity needs to carry out classification welding.This
It is accomplished by selecting different solders according to different warm areas, to realize that gradient is welded.Particularly in 900 DEG C~950 DEG C warm areas,
AuCu20 is optimal gradient solder, and its fusing point and flow point are 910 DEG C, and spreading for solder is influenceed in the absence of the melt flow temperature difference
Property, have the advantages that good welding performance, steam are forced down, plasticity is good, welding base metal is extensive, but because AuCu20 is related to noble metal Huang
Golden raw material, cost of material and price are higher so that electron tube welding cost is expensive, therefore it is aobvious to substitute the research of auri solder
Obtain particularly important.At present in electrovacuum industry, widely used price more low silver-base solder and palladium base solder substitute gold
Application of the base solder on electron tube.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of silver-bearing copper Polarium material, AuCu20 solders are substituted, compared with AuCu20
Use cost is low, and spreading character is good during welding, is widely used in the welding of electron tube.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the silver-bearing copper Polarium.Closed by described silver-bearing copper porpezite
Golden composition by weight percent prepares furnace charge, and the furnace charge prepared is put into smelting furnace and carries out melting, it is load melting after be cast into institute
Need shape.The present invention recommends fusion process to be protected using vacuum argon gas, it is to avoid oxidation is produced in fine silver material fusion process and is introduced
Oxide such as is mingled with the impurity.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire, and the solder is by the silver-bearing copper porpezite
Alloy is prepared, and can meet the requirement to solder fusing point and welding performance when 900 DEG C~950 DEG C warm areas are welded.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation method of the silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire, by adopting
With swaging with vacuum annealing to improve its processing characteristics, silver-bearing copper porpezite electricity is solved using the measures such as processing that are surface-treated and strip off the skin
The problem of vacuum brazing material spatter property difference.Strip off the skin and be processed as removing workpiece surface oxide layer, it is to avoid follow-up deep processing introduces oxidation
The impurity such as it is mingled with.
To realize object above, the present invention takes following design：
A kind of silver-bearing copper Polarium, it is characterised in that composition is constituted and mass percent is：Copper, 25%~35%；Palladium,
20%~30；Gold, 0.1%~5%；Silver, surplus.
The preferred composition composition of described silver-bearing copper Polarium and mass percent are：Copper, 30% ± 2%；Palladium, 25% ±
2%；Gold, 1% ± 0.7%；Silver, surplus.
A kind of silver-bearing copper Polarium solder, it is made by above-mentioned silver-bearing copper Polarium.
The preparation method step of the silver-bearing copper Polarium solder is as follows：
A) constituted and matched by above-mentioned silver-bearing copper Polarium composition and select furnace charge, the furnace charge prepared is put into vacuum melting furnace
Crucible in carry out melting；
B) start after vacuum pumping pump is vacuumized and start to warm up, refined 5-20 minutes after after furnace charge all fusing, pour argon gas,
900 DEG C~1000 DEG C are adjusted the temperature to, 2~5 minutes are stood, starts the ingot casting of size needed for being cast into, the present invention is for ease of rear
Continuous to process the pole for being cast into Φ 15mm, vacuumizing can be vacuumized using mechanical pump, lobe pump etc.；
C) after ingot casting is come out of the stove, ingot casting decaptitating is truncated until ensuring that ingot casting does not have defect.Above-mentioned steps are prepared for silver-bearing copper palladium
Solder alloy bar-shaped cast ingot, finished product brazing wire also needs that ingot casting machinery further is processed as into brazing wire.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation method of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire, finished product solder has
The welding advantage such as steam forces down, the extensive and fillibility that soaks mother metal is good, disclosure satisfy that the welding of high-performance electric vacuum device will
Ask.Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire is prepared by this method, the working plasticity of solder can be further improved, while ensureing pricker
The spatter property in machine-shaping process is expected, to prevent oxidation.
To realize upper purpose, the present invention takes following design：
A kind of silver-bearing copper Polarium state brazing wire, is made by above-mentioned silver-bearing copper Polarium.
A kind of preparation method of silver-bearing copper Polarium state brazing wire, the silver-bearing copper Polarium for first obtaining above-mentioned steps
Ingot casting, continues the following steps：
D) the silver-bearing copper Polarium ingot casting for obtaining the above method carries out multi-pass with swager and swaged, and diameter is by Φ 15mm
Swage to Φ 3.4mm, centre carries out vacuum annealing, is heated to be incubated 1 hour~3 hours and cold with stove after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C
But.
E) silver-bearing copper Polarium state silk material obtained above is first shut out into tip for wearing mould with pointing machine, drawn vertical
Further wire drawing on silk machine；
F) middle vacuum annealing is carried out in drawing process, insulation 1 is small after being heated to 600 DEG C~620 DEG C under argon gas protection
When~3 hours, furnace cooling under vacuum state carries out the processing that strips off the skin and removes removing oxide layer and surface defect, continues afterwards after coming out of the stove
Multi pass drawing；
H) during drawing Φ 0.5mm finished silks, absolute alcohol is dipped in cotton and cleans the finished silk end that wire drawing die exports side,
Carry out micronization processes；(burned tip problem)
The silver-bearing copper Polarium ingot casting detailed process swaged by Φ 15mm to Φ 3.4mm of swaging is：First swaged by Φ 15mm
To Φ 11mm, in order to remove residual stress, and the working plasticity of alloy is improved, carry out vacuum annealing under argon gas protection, heat
1 hour~3 hours are incubated after to 600 DEG C~620 DEG C, with stove Slow cooling under vacuum state；Proceed multi-pass rotation afterwards
Forging, diameter is swaged to Φ 7.8mm by Φ 11mm, carries out vacuum annealing；Then swaged by Φ 7.8mm to Φ 5.6mm, carry out vacuum
Annealing；Swaged the vacuum annealing to after Φ 3.4mm by Φ 5.6mm, the processing that strips off the skin is carried out afterwards.In process of swaging, it is to avoid rod
There is small burr in material surface, need to control passage processing capacity, while removing silk material surface oxide layer and small Mao by the processing that strips off the skin
Thorn.
Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire is by the Φ 3.4mm detailed processes for pulling to Φ 0.5mm：On vertical wire drawing machine
Carry out, Φ 1.5mm are first moved to by the mold changing of Φ 3.4mm multi-pass, it is small that vacuum annealing afterwards is heated to insulation 1 after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C
When~3 hours, with stove Slow cooling under vacuum state, the processing that strips off the skin is carried out afterwards, to ensure the spatter property of electrovacuum solder；Again
Φ 1.0mm silk is obtained through multiple tracks drawing；Finally carried out on water tank drawbench, wearing drawing one-shot forming through multiple tracks mould obtains Φ
0.5mm silk.
Drawing process cake soap or hot liquid soap are lubricated to the silver-bearing copper Polarium silk being drawn.
Need to carry out micronization processes (burned tip) to end before water tank drawbench wears mould, must be due to the limitation of gold content
Burned tip is electrochemically reacted in hydrochloric acid.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
(1) it is excellent with its welding performance of alloy state brazing wire made from silver-bearing copper Polarium of the present invention, it is female with wetting
The advantages of material is extensively, steam is forced down, fillibility is good, is a kind of important electron tube solder.The addition of appropriate gold is effective
The plasticity of alloy is improved, while also reducing the solid-liquid phase line temperature difference of solder.
(2) present invention is molded-swaged process using vacuum casting, and carries out vacuum annealing process, and these are effectively
Improve the machine-shaping property of material；Surface treatment after annealing is significantly increased to the spatter property of product, while the place that strips off the skin
Reason decreases adverse effect of the oxide skin to finished product spatter property.
(3) brazing temperature of silver-bearing copper Polarium state brazing wire produced by the present invention is 910 DEG C~930 DEG C, with
AuCu20 (910 DEG C of fusing point) brazing temperature is close, in the electrovacuum that welding base metal is oxygen-free copper, nickel, stainless steel, nickel alloy etc.
AuCu20 can be partly substituted during device, electron tube welding cost is greatly reduced.
Embodiment
The composition of silver-bearing copper Polarium of the present invention is constituted and mass percent is：Copper, 25%~35%；Palladium, 20%~
30%；Gold, 0.1%~5%；Silver, surplus.It is preferred that scheme be：Copper, 30% ± 2%；Palladium, 25% ± 2%；Gold, 1% ±
0.7%；Silver, surplus.
The main innovation point of the present invention is：Appropriate gold is added in the silver-bearing copper palldium alloy of mentioned component, to reduce pricker
The solid-liquid phase line temperature difference of material, so as to improve the welding performance of solder, while also improving the working plasticity of alloy.Match somebody with somebody above-mentioned
It is molded in the silver-bearing copper Polarium composition range of ratio through vacuum casting and alloy ,-vacuum annealing-wire drawing-of further swaging is made
The techniques such as processing that strip off the skin obtain silver-bearing copper Polarium state brazing wire.
Here is that the present invention prepares silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire whole process, and specific method technique is as follows：
First, founding
Smelting-casting equipment：Vacuum casting furnace；High purity aluminium oxide crucible；
Founding auxiliary material：Crucible tongs, high purity graphite mould, argon gas, temperature-measuring heat couple.
Founding process：
1. before melt, by vacuum melting furnace inwall first with test paper, then with alcohol or acetone wiped clean.
2. selection and the proportioning of raw material：Silver, 99.95%~99.99%；Copper, more than 5N oxygen-free copper；Palladium, 99.95%
~99.99%；Golden 4N (99.99%) raw material are purified by gold with electrolysis, make its purity reach more than 5N (>
99.999%).Calculated by standard requirement composition and add furnace charge amount, for the accuracy for ensureing burdening calculation and weighing, it is necessary to review.
3. operation：The furnace charge prepared is put into crucible, and mechanical pump, lobe pump are evacuated to 4Pa~more than 6Pa and start liter
Temperature, after being adjusted to 10KW after furnace charge all fusing, refines 5 minutes~20 minutes, pours argon gas, adjust the temperature to 900-1000 DEG C,
2 minutes~5 minutes are stood, starts casting.
2nd, swage
Rotary swaging equipment：Swager；Vacuum annealing furnace
Swage machining process：Through multiple tracks swage mould by ingot casting by diameter of phi 15mm forging arrive Φ 11mm, argon gas protect
Lower vacuum annealing, is heated to be incubated 1 hour~3 hours after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C, with stove Slow cooling under vacuum state.Afterwards again
Continue to swage and swaged to Φ 5.6mm, Φ 5.6mm and swaged to Φ 3.4mm to Φ 7.8mm, Φ 7.8mm by diameter of phi 11mm forgings, in
Between carry out three vacuum annealings respectively.Working modulus 30%~40%, pass reduction about 8%.If material surface has oxidative phenomena,
Carry out the processing that strips off the skin.
3rd, wire drawing
Use equipment：Vertical wire drawing machine；Water tank drawbench, pointing machine, vacuum annealing furnace, wire drawing die.
Drawing process process：Silver-bearing copper Polarium silk is subjected to pointing on pointing machine, for wearing mould, obtained through multiple tracks drawing
Vacuum annealing after to Φ 1.5mm, is heated to be incubated 1 hour~3 hours after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C, and carry out the processing that strips off the skin；Draw
Pull out after Φ 1.0mm, the silk for drawing one-shot forming to obtain Φ 0.5mm is worn through water tank drawbench multiple tracks mould, coil.Drawing process is used
Cake soap or hot liquid soap are lubricated to silver-bearing copper Polarium silk.Need burned tip before water tank drawbench wears mould, due to containing
The limitation of gold amount, must be electrochemically reacted burned tip in hydrochloric acid.
4th, finished product cleaning, packaging：
Absolute alcohol is dipped in cotton and cleans the finished silk of wire drawing die outlet side, and coils packaging.
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further：
Embodiment 1
A) silver-bearing copper Polarium Alloy constituent percentages are pressed：Copper, 35%；Palladium, 20%；Gold, 0.1%；Silver, surplus is carried out
The furnace charge prepared is put into the crucible of vacuum melting furnace from proportioning and is carried out melting by furnace charge；
B) start after vacuum pumping pump is vacuumized and start to warm up, refined 5-20 minutes after after furnace charge all fusing, pour argon gas,
900 DEG C~1000 DEG C are adjusted the temperature to, 2 minutes~5 minutes is stood, starts to be cast into Φ 15mm pole, vacuumizing to use
Mechanical pump, lobe pump etc. are vacuumized；
C) after ingot casting is come out of the stove, ingot casting decaptitating is truncated, alloy cast ingot is obtained.
D) ingot casting carries out multi-pass with swager and swaged, and diameter is swaged to Φ 3.4mm by Φ 15mm, and centre carries out vacuum and moved back
Fire, is heated to after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C be incubated 1 hour~3 hours and furnace cooling；Detailed process is：First by Φ 15mm swage to
Φ 11mm, vacuum annealing is carried out under argon gas protection, is heated to be incubated 1 hour~3 hours, vacuum state after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C
Under with stove Slow cooling；Proceed multi-pass afterwards to swage, diameter is swaged to Φ 7.8mm by Φ 11mm, carries out vacuum annealing；
Then swaged by Φ 7.8mm to Φ 5.6mm, carry out vacuum annealing；Swaged the vacuum annealing to after Φ 3.4mm by Φ 5.6mm, afterwards
Progress strips off the skin processing, in process of swaging, it is to avoid small burr occurs in Surface of Rod Bar, need to control passage processing capacity, leads to simultaneously
Cross the processing that strips off the skin and remove silk material surface oxide layer and small burr.Φ 0.5mm specific process is pulled to by Φ 3.4mm again
For：Carried out on vertical wire drawing machine, Φ 1.5mm are first moved to by the mold changing of Φ 3.4mm multi-pass, vacuum annealing afterwards is heated to 600
DEG C~620 DEG C after be incubated 1 hour~3 hours, with stove Slow cooling under vacuum state, carry out stripping off the skin processing afterwards, to ensure electricity
The spatter property of vacuum brazing material；Φ 1.0mm silk is obtained through multiple tracks drawing again；Finally carried out on water tank drawbench, through multiple tracks mould
Son wears the silk for drawing one-shot forming to obtain Φ 0.5mm, during drawing Φ 0.5mm finished silks, and absolute alcohol is dipped in cotton and cleans wire drawing die
Export the finished silk of side.Drawing process is moistened with cake soap or hot liquid soap to the silver-bearing copper Polarium silk being drawn
It is sliding.Silk material end is electrochemically reacted in hydrochloric acid before water tank drawbench wears mould, micronization processes are done.Finally obtain silver-bearing copper
Polarium brazing wire finished product, its spatter property meets national standard and cleans I grades.The solder Product jointing is functional, to copper,
Nickel, stainless steel have good wellability, while the silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire for preparing of the present invention, its brazing temperature with
AuCu20 (910 DEG C of fusing point) solder is close, can portion when welding base metal is the electron tubes such as oxygen-free copper, nickel, stainless steel
Divide and substitute AuCu20, so as to greatly reduce electron tube welding cost.
Embodiment 2 presses silver-bearing copper Polarium Alloy constituent percentages：Copper, 25%；Palladium, 30%；Gold, 5%；Silver, surplus is entered
Row furnace charge is put into progress melting in the crucible of vacuum melting furnace from proportioning, by the furnace charge prepared and obtains ingot casting；Then pass through rotation
Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire finished product is obtained after forging, vacuum annealing, drawing, the same subsequent technique processing such as strip off the skin, it is cleaned
Property meet national standard clean I grades.The solder Product jointing is functional, has good wellability to copper, nickel, stainless steel, together
When the silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire for preparing of the present invention, its brazing temperature connects with AuCu20 (910 DEG C of fusing point) solder
Closely, AuCu20 can be partly substituted when welding base metal is the electron tubes such as oxygen-free copper, nickel, stainless steel, so as to substantially reduce
Electron tube welding cost.
Embodiment 3 presses silver-bearing copper Polarium Alloy constituent percentages：Copper, 29%；Palladium, 26%；Gold, 1.5%；Silver, surplus；
Furnace charge is carried out from proportioning, the furnace charge prepared is put into the crucible of vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting；Then pass through swage, vacuum
Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire finished product is obtained after annealing, drawing, the processing that strips off the skin, its spatter property meets national standard and cleans I grades.
The solder Product jointing is functional, there is good wellability to copper, nickel, stainless steel, while the silver-bearing copper that the present invention is prepared
Polarium brazing wire, its brazing temperature is close with AuCu20 (910 DEG C of fusing point) solder, welding base metal be oxygen-free copper,
AuCu20 can be partly substituted during the electron tubes such as nickel, stainless steel, so as to greatly reduce electron tube welding cost.
Embodiment 4 presses silver-bearing copper Polarium Alloy constituent percentages：Copper, 30%；Palladium, 25%；Gold, 1%；Silver, surplus；Enter
The furnace charge prepared is put into the crucible of vacuum melting furnace from proportioning and is carried out melting by row furnace charge；Then pass through swage, vacuum is moved back
Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire finished product is obtained after fire, drawing, the processing that strips off the skin, its spatter property meets national standard and cleans I grades.Should
Solder Product jointing is functional, there is good wellability to copper, nickel, stainless steel, while the silver-bearing copper palladium that the present invention is prepared
Billon brazing wire, its brazing temperature is close with AuCu20 (910 DEG C of fusing point) solder, welding base metal be oxygen-free copper, nickel,
AuCu20 can be partly substituted during the electron tubes such as stainless steel, so as to greatly reduce electron tube welding cost.
Embodiment 5 presses silver-bearing copper Polarium Alloy constituent percentages：Copper, 30.5%；Palladium, 24.5%；Gold, 0.5%；Silver,
Surplus；Furnace charge is carried out from proportioning, the furnace charge prepared is put into the crucible of vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting；By swaging, very
Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire finished product is obtained after empty annealing, drawing, the processing that strips off the skin, its spatter property meets national standard cleaning I
Level.The solder Product jointing is functional, there is good wellability to copper, nickel, stainless steel, while the silver that the present invention is prepared
Copper Polarium brazing wire, its brazing temperature is close with AuCu20 (910 DEG C of fusing point) solder, is anaerobic in welding base metal
AuCu20 can be partly substituted during the electron tubes such as copper, nickel, stainless steel, is welded into so as to greatly reduce electron tube
This.
Embodiment 6 presses silver-bearing copper Polarium Alloy constituent percentages：Copper, 32%；Palladium, 24%；Gold, 0.4%；Silver, surplus；
Furnace charge is carried out from proportioning, the furnace charge prepared is put into the crucible of vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting；By swaging, vacuum moves back
Silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire finished product is obtained after fire, drawing, the processing that strips off the skin, its spatter property meets national standard and cleans I grades.Should
Solder Product jointing is functional, there is good wellability to copper, nickel, stainless steel, while the silver-bearing copper palladium that the present invention is prepared
Billon brazing wire, its brazing temperature is close with AuCu20 (910 DEG C of fusing point) solder, welding base metal be oxygen-free copper, nickel,
AuCu20 can be partly substituted during the electron tubes such as stainless steel, so as to greatly reduce electron tube welding cost.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire, it is characterised in that：Each composition by weight percent is in alloy：Copper, 25%~
35%；Palladium, 20%~30%；Gold, 0.1%~5%；Silver, surplus.
2. a kind of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire, it is characterised in that：Each composition by weight percent is in alloy：Copper, 30% ±
2%；Palladium, 25% ± 2%；Gold, 1% ± 0.7%；Silver, surplus.
3. the purposes of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire described in a kind of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the silver-bearing copper porpezite is closed
The electrovacuum solder that gold is welded for electron tube.
4. the preparation method of alloy used in silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire described in a kind of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that side
Method step is as follows：Silver-bearing copper Polarium composition by weight percent as described in claim 1 or 2 prepares furnace charge, by the stove prepared
Material is put into smelting furnace and carries out melting, it is load melting after be cast into required shape.
5. the preparation method of alloy used in silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire according to claim 4, it is characterised in that side
Method step is as follows：
a）By each composition by weight percent in silver-bearing copper Polarium：Copper, 25%~35%；Palladium, 20%~30%；Gold, 0.1%~5%；
Silver, surplus；Furnace charge is carried out from proportioning, the furnace charge prepared is put into the crucible of vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting；
b）Start after vacuum pumping pump is vacuumized and start to warm up, refined 5 minutes~20 minutes after after furnace charge all fusing, pour argon
Gas, adjusts the temperature to 900 DEG C~1000 DEG C, the ingot casting of size needed for being cast into after standing 2 minutes~5 minutes；
c）After ingot casting is come out of the stove, ingot casting decaptitating is truncated.
6. the preparation method of alloy used in silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire according to claim 4, it is characterised in that side
Method step is as follows：
a）By each composition by weight percent in silver-bearing copper Polarium：Copper, 30% ± 2%；Palladium, 25% ± 2%；Gold, 1% ± 0.7%；Silver,
Surplus；Charge composition selection is carried out, the furnace charge prepared is put into the crucible of vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting；
b）Start after vacuum pumping pump is vacuumized and start to warm up, refined 5 minutes~20 minutes after after furnace charge all fusing, pour argon
Gas, adjusts the temperature to 900 DEG C~1000 DEG C, the ingot casting of size needed for being cast into after standing 2 minutes~5 minutes；
c）After ingot casting is come out of the stove, ingot casting decaptitating is truncated.
7. a kind of preparation method of the silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that method
Step is as follows：
a）Silver-bearing copper Polarium ingot casting is carried out into multi-pass with swager to swage, diameter is swaged to Φ 3.4mm by Φ 15mm, middle
Vacuum annealing is carried out, is heated to after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C be incubated 1 hour~3 hours and furnace cooling；
b）Silver-bearing copper Polarium state silk material obtained above is first shut out into tip for wearing mould with pointing machine, in vertical wire drawing machine
With further wire drawing on water tank drawbench, Φ 0.5mm are pulled to by Φ 3.4mm；
c）Middle vacuum annealing is carried out in drawing process, 1 hour~3 are incubated after being heated to 600 DEG C~620 DEG C under argon gas protection
Hour, removing oxide layer and surface defect are removed in furnace cooling under vacuum state, the processing that carries out stripping off the skin after coming out of the stove, and continue multi-pass afterwards
Drawing；
d）During drawing Φ 0.5mm finished silks, absolute alcohol is dipped in cotton and cleans the finished silk that wire drawing die exports side.
8. the preparation method of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
The silver-bearing copper Polarium ingot casting detailed process swaged by Φ 15mm to Φ 3.4mm of swaging is：First swaged by Φ 15mm to Φ
11mm, vacuum annealing is carried out under argon gas protection, is heated to be incubated 1 hour~3 hours after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C, under vacuum state
With stove Slow cooling；Proceed multi-pass afterwards to swage, diameter is swaged to Φ 7.8mm by Φ 11mm, carries out vacuum annealing；With
Swaged afterwards by Φ 7.8mm to Φ 5.6mm, carry out vacuum annealing；Swaged the vacuum annealing to after Φ 3.4mm by Φ 5.6mm, it is laggard
In the capable processing that strips off the skin, process of swaging simultaneously, it is to avoid small burr occurs in Surface of Rod Bar, need to control passage processing capacity, pass through
The processing that strips off the skin removes silk material surface oxide layer and small burr.
9. the preparation method of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Silver-bearing copper Polarium
Brazing wire is by the Φ 3.4mm detailed processes for pulling to Φ 0.5mm：Carried out on vertical wire drawing machine, first by Φ 3.4mm multiple tracks
Φ 1.5mm are moved in secondary mold changing to, and vacuum annealing afterwards is heated to be incubated 1 hour~3 hours after 600 DEG C~620 DEG C, under vacuum state
With stove Slow cooling, the processing that strips off the skin is carried out afterwards, to ensure the spatter property of electrovacuum solder；Again Φ is obtained through multiple tracks drawing
1.0mm silk；Finally carried out on water tank drawbench, the silk for drawing one-shot forming to obtain Φ 0.5mm is worn through multiple tracks mould.
10. the preparation method of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Drawing process is used
Cake soap or hot liquid soap are lubricated to the silver-bearing copper Polarium silk being drawn.
11. the preparation method of silver-bearing copper Polarium brazing wire according to claim 10, it is characterised in that：In water tank wire drawing
Machine is worn before mould and to be electrochemically reacted silk material end in hydrochloric acid, does micronization processes.
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| CN106271232A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 成都光明光电股份有限公司 | The preparation technology of gold nickel wire solder |
| CN112779431B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-04-05 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | Method for improving sputtering property of palladium, silver and copper |
| CN113814608A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-21 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Brazing filler metal, preparation method, sensor and brazing method |
| CN114393345A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | 无锡日月合金材料有限公司 | Low-silver vacuum solder with small temperature difference of melting point and flow point |
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| BE621400A (en) * | 1961-08-15 | |||
| DE2638836C3 (en) * | 1976-08-28 | 1979-08-16 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Dental solder alloy based on silver |
| JP2895793B2 (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1999-05-24 | マブチモーター株式会社 | Sliding contact material, clad composite material, commutator made of the same, and small DC motor using the commutator |
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