CN104640685B - 由热塑夹芯板形成管的方法 - Google Patents

由热塑夹芯板形成管的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN104640685B
CN104640685B CN201380048245.5A CN201380048245A CN104640685B CN 104640685 B CN104640685 B CN 104640685B CN 201380048245 A CN201380048245 A CN 201380048245A CN 104640685 B CN104640685 B CN 104640685B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
battenboard
thermoplastic
heart axle
tube
tube portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201380048245.5A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN104640685A (zh
Inventor
A·W·巴特尔
J·B·墨瑟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boeing Co
Original Assignee
Boeing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boeing Co filed Critical Boeing Co
Publication of CN104640685A publication Critical patent/CN104640685A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN104640685B publication Critical patent/CN104640685B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/02—Bending or folding
    • B29C53/04—Bending or folding of plates or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/36—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
    • B29C53/38—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges
    • B29C53/40—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C53/42—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/006—Using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/36—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
    • B29C53/38—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges
    • B29C53/385—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges using several sheets to form the circumference
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C53/84—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5064—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped
    • B29C65/5071—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped and being composed by one single element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5064—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped
    • B29C65/5085—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like of particular form, e.g. being C-shaped, T-shaped and comprising grooves, e.g. being E-shaped, H-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5324—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length
    • B29C66/53241—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles
    • B29C66/53242—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles said single elements being spouts, e.g. joining spouts to tubes
    • B29C66/53243—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles said single elements being spouts, e.g. joining spouts to tubes said spouts comprising flanges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/547—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles, e.g. endless tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/725—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
    • B29C66/7252—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled
    • B29C66/72523—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled multi-channelled or multi-tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/725—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
    • B29C66/7252—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled
    • B29C66/72525—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled comprising honeycomb cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81455—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps being a fluid inflatable bag or bladder, a diaphragm or a vacuum bag for applying isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2079/00—Use of polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, not provided for in groups B29K2061/00 - B29K2077/00, as moulding material
    • B29K2079/08—PI, i.e. polyimides or derivatives thereof
    • B29K2079/085—Thermoplastic polyimides, e.g. polyesterimides, PEI, i.e. polyetherimides, or polyamideimides; Derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y10T156/1036—Bending of one piece blank and joining edges to form article
    • Y10T156/1038—Hollow cylinder article

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

形成结构管的方法可以包括驱使基本上平的热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上和加热热塑夹芯板至玻璃化转变温度以下的温度。该方法可以进一步包括使热塑夹芯板冷却和移除心轴，由此形成管部分。

Description

由热塑夹芯板形成管的方法
技术领域
本公开内容一般地涉及结构管，和更具体地，涉及由热塑复合材料形成管或管道的方法。
背景技术
飞机诸如商业客机通常包括各种用于为流体诸如空气遍及飞机安排路线的管道。例如，商业飞机可以包括作为飞机环境控制系统的部件用于为经调节的空气遍及飞机舱安排路线的多个管道。因为需要在可控的温度下提供经调节的空气，所以环境控制系统管道可以为隔热的。
用于制造用于飞机的管道的现有方法包括使用铸模。可以将玻璃纤维堆叠在一个或多个铸模之上。在玻璃纤维固化后，可以将泡沫单独结合至玻璃纤维以为管道提供隔热能力。遗憾地，制造铸模的工艺是劳动密集的。此外，使用铸模产生增加管道总成本的大量碎料和/或废料。
在另一个方法中，可以采用石膏心轴以在石膏心轴上堆叠复合材料或层。在复合材料层固化后，可以在将管道与心轴分离的工艺期间摧毁石膏心轴，其导致大量的废料。此外，在石膏心轴上堆叠复合材料层的工艺是耗费时间的和劳动密集的。而且，对于热固复合材料，热固材料必须被储存在比较冷的温度下直到准备使用。储存(如冷冻)热固复合材料的成本增加管道的成本。
由此可见，本领域内存在形成诸如用于飞机环境控制系统的管道的方法的需求并且其中可以生产管道而不产生大量碎料或废料。而且，本领域内存在需要最小量的劳动并且可以在比较短的时间周期内生产的形成管道的方法的需求。此外，本领域内存在用于形成可以以比较低成本制造的轻质管道的比较简单的方法的需求。
发明内容
通过提供由基本上平的热塑夹芯板形成结构管的方法的本公开内容具体地提出并缓解了与形成管道或结构管的现有技术方法相关的上面提到的需求。方法可以包括在加热热塑夹芯板至玻璃化转变温度以下的温度的同时驱使基本上平的热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上。方法可以进一步包括使热塑夹芯板冷却并移除心轴，由此形成结构管或管道的管部分(如诸如半管的管壳)。
在进一步实施方式中，公开的是形成管的方法，其可以包括在心轴上放置基本上平的热塑夹芯板。方法可以包括在热塑夹芯板之上安装成形板，加热热塑夹芯板，并使用成形板向热塑夹芯板施加成形压力。方法可以响应于施加成形压力额外包括驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴表面上，使热塑夹芯板冷却至环境温度，和移除心轴，由此形成管部分。
同样公开的是形成管道的方法，其包括在心轴上放置基本上平的热塑夹芯板，和加热热塑夹芯板的步骤。方法可以额外包括驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上，使热塑夹芯板冷却并移除心轴，由此形成管部分。方法可以进一步包括在管部分中形成孔，并将中空管状接管与孔大致对准安装至管部分以便接管从管部分向外延伸。
总的来说，根据发明的一个方面，提供形成管的方法，包括步骤：驱使基本上平的热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上；加热热塑夹芯板至玻璃化转变温度以下的温度；使热塑夹芯板冷却；并移除心轴，由此形成管部分。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：形成具有管侧边的管部分；并将管侧边连接到一起以形成管接缝。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：在将管侧边连接到一起之前调整管侧边之间的间隔。
有利地，方法中将管侧边连接到一起的步骤包括将接合部件附连至管侧边。
有利地，方法中使用下述中至少一种执行附连接合部件的步骤：粘附结合；超声焊接；感应焊接；和机械固定。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：形成具有管侧边的管部分；使管侧边中一侧形成为唇缘边(lip edge)；使管侧边中其余一侧形成为直边；使直边与唇缘边重叠；和将直边连接至唇缘边。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：形成至少两件管部分；和将一件管部分中的直边与另一件管部分的唇缘边连接。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：形成至少两件管部分；形成一件具有配置为直边的侧边的管部分；形成另一件具有配置为唇缘边的侧边的管部分；和将一件管部分的直边与另一件管部分的唇缘边连接。
有利地，方法中驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上的步骤包括：在热塑夹芯板之上安装成形板；使用成形板，向热塑夹芯板施加成形压力；和响应于施加成形压力驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上。
有利地，方法中在热塑夹芯板之上安装成形板的步骤包括：在热塑夹芯板之上安置橡胶层；将橡胶层与心轴密封；和向橡胶层与心轴之间的区域施加真空压力。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：加热橡胶层；和响应于加热橡胶层传导加热热塑夹芯板。
有利地，方法中加热热塑夹芯板的步骤包括：加热心轴。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：在管部分中形成孔；和将中空管状接管附连至管部分以便接管从管部分向外延伸，接管大致与孔对准。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：使用对准装置在驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上的同时，保持热塑夹芯板与心轴纵向对准。
根据发明的另一方面，提供形成管的方法，包括步骤：在心轴上放置基本平的热塑夹芯板；在热塑夹芯板之上安装成形板；加热热塑夹芯板；使用成形板，向热塑夹芯板施加成形压力；响应于施加成形压力驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上；使热塑夹芯板冷却至环境温度；和移除心轴，由此形成管部分。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：提供成形板作为可拉伸弹性板。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：将成形板密封至心轴。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：向成形板和心轴之间的区域施加真空压力。
有利地，方法进一步包括步骤：形成至少两件管部分；和将管部分连接到一起以形成结构管。
根据本发明的进一步的方面，提供形成管道的方法，包括步骤：在心轴上放置基本上平的热塑夹芯板；加热热塑夹芯板；驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上；使热塑夹芯板冷却；移除心轴，由此形成管部分；在管部分中形成孔；和将中空管状接管与孔大致对准附连至管部分以便接管从管部分向外延伸。
可以单独在本公开内容的各种实施方式中或可以与其他实施方式结合实现已经讨论的特征、功能和优点，参看下述说明和下面的附图，可理解其进一步细节。
附图说明
参看附图，本公开内容的这些和其他特征将变得更加清楚，其中自始至终相同数字指代相同部件，并且其中：
图1为基本上平的热塑夹芯板的透视图；
图2为图1的热塑夹芯板的部分并图示通过芯相互连接的一对加固的面板的透视图；
图3为成形系统的透视图，其中热塑夹芯板被安装在成形表面上并具有安装在热塑夹芯板上的心轴，然后使热塑夹芯板形成为心轴的形状；
图4为沿图3的线4截取的成形系统并图示心轴的圆形横截面形状和基本上平的热塑夹芯板的端视图；
图5为图4的成形系统并图示在加热热塑夹芯板的同时施加至热塑夹芯板以驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上的成形压力的端视图；
图6为图5的成形系统并图示包裹心轴的热塑夹芯板的端视图；
图7为形成为管部分的热塑夹芯板的透视图；
图8为沿图7的线8截取的结构管并图示结构管的相对的一对管侧边之间的间隔的端视图；
图9为具有使管侧边相互连接的纵向接合部件的结构管的透视图；
图10为沿图9的线10截取的结构管并图示使管侧边相互连接的接合部件的端视图；
图11为沿图10的线11截取的接合部件并图示接合部件使管侧边相互连接的放大图；
图12为沿图11的线12截取的接合部件的端视图；
图13为成形系统的透视图，其图示具有半圆形横截面形状的心轴的实施方式并进一步图示在使用一对对准装置在心轴上放置热塑夹芯板之前在心轴上面布置的基本上平的热塑夹芯板；
图14为成形系统的部分的俯视图，其沿图13的线14截取并图示放置在心轴上并利用啮合至热塑夹芯板中钻孔的心轴定位销(mandrel tooling pin)与其对准的热塑夹芯板；
图15为心轴的端视图，其沿图14的线15截取并图示放置在心轴上的热塑夹芯板并进一步图示放置在热塑夹芯板上面的成形板和被密封至心轴基底的成形板的周边；
图16为成形系统的端视图并图示施加至成形板以驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴上的真空压力；
图17为在通过一对接合部件衔接之前一对管部分的透视图；
图18为结构管的端视图，其图示将管部分连接到一起的接合部件对；
图19为成形系统的端视图，其包括在可选的实施方式中具有形成在相对的心轴侧的一对心轴肩的心轴；
图20为图19的成形系统的端视图并图示作为驱使热塑夹芯板抵靠在心轴肩上的结果形成在管部分的相对的管侧边上的一对唇缘边；
图21为一对管部分的分解端视图，其中管部分中一件具有用于连接至其余一件管部分的直边的唇缘边；
图22为通过组装图21所示的管部分形成的结构管的端视图；
图23为包括在可选的实施方式中具有形成在心轴的一侧上的心轴肩的心轴的成形系统的端视图；
图24为图23的成形系统的端视图并图示形成在管部分的管侧边之一上的单个唇缘边；
图25为一对管部分的分解端视图，其中管部分的每一件具有唇缘边和直边；
图26为通过组装图25中所示的管部分形成的结构管的端视图；
图27为形成为圆形构型并具有连接至直边的唇缘边的结构管的可选的实施方式的端视图；
图28为结构管的透视图，其具有安装至其上的接管；
图29为沿图28的线29截取的结构管的截面图并图示接管至管部分的附连；
图30为包括可以被包括在形成管部分的方法中的一个或多个操作的流程图；
图31为飞机使用和生产方法的流程图；和
图32为飞机的方框图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图，其中展示以图解本公开内容的各种实施方式为目的，图1所示为可以被形成为结构管102(图10)的基本上平的或基本上平面的热塑夹芯板106。结构管102可以在各种应用中执行，包括但不限于作为飞机(未示出)的环境控制系统(未示出)的管道180(图28)的执行。在加热热塑夹芯板106至接近热塑夹芯板106的玻璃化转变温度的同时，可以通过在心轴200(图3)周围包裹基本上平的热塑夹芯板106形成结构管102。在心轴200周围包裹热塑夹芯板106之后，可以被动地和/或主动地使热塑夹芯板106冷却，并且可以移除心轴200以由此形成管部分104(图6)。一件或多件管部分104可以诸如通过使用一件或多件纵向接合部件142(图10)组装，以形成结构管102。在组装之前，可以修整一件或多件管部分104和可以调整侧边122(图10)之间的间隔124以便可以达到期望的最终管宽度138(图10)或最终管直径。
图1中，可以作为标准尺寸的商业可用板提供基本上平的热塑夹芯板106并且在形成管部分104(图6)之前其可以被切割成期望形状和尺寸。可以提供矩形形状的热塑夹芯板106，诸如图1所示的具有相对板端112和相对板边114的长方形形状。然而，可以提供任意尺寸、形状和构型的热塑夹芯板106并且不限于具有大致直边的矩形形状。
在图2中，热塑夹芯板106可以包括一对间隔的面板108和使面板108相互连接的芯110。面板108和芯110两者均可以由热塑材料形成。面板108可以由预加固热塑材料形成，其可以任选地包括纤维增强。例如，面板108可以由可以任选地用诸如但不限于玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶或其他类型的纤维增强的聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)形成。在实施方式中，热塑面板108可以用诸如织造玻璃纤维的结构织物增强以提高面板108的力学性能。例如，织造的玻璃纤维织物可以提高面板108的强度能力和/或抗冲击性。每一个面板108可以具有大约0.02-0.12英寸之间的厚度。然而，可以提供任意厚度的面板108，不受限制。
在图2中，芯110可以也由热塑材料形成。例如，芯110可以由聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)形成，并且可以提供为任意尺寸、形状和构型，不受限制。在实施方式中，芯110可以包括热塑泡沫芯。可选地，芯110可以包括诸如热塑蜂窝芯的热塑管状芯，其中蜂窝室可以相对面板108的平面大致垂直取向。在实施方式中，热塑夹芯板106可以由从荷兰TenCate AdvancedComposites of Nijverdal可商业得到的Cetex System3TM蜂窝芯增硬的夹芯板组成。在实施方式中，PEI可以包括由沙特阿拉伯Saudi Basic Industries Corporation of Riyadh可以商业得到的UltemTM热塑材料。
然而，热塑夹芯板106可以由任意类型的热塑材料形成，不受限制。就此而言，热塑夹芯板106的面板108和/或芯110可以由下述热塑材料类型中的任一种或它们的任意组合形成：丙烯酸、尼龙、碳氟化合物、聚酰胺、聚乙烯、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯，聚醚醚酮和聚醚酮酮。在实施方式中，热塑夹芯板106的芯110可以具有大约0.12-1.0英寸之间的厚度。然而，可以提供任意厚度的芯110，不受限制。
在图3中，所示为成形系统100，其包括成形表面228并且具有被支撑在成形表面228上的热塑夹芯板106。在热塑夹芯板106上放置心轴200。心轴200可以代表结构管102(图10)的最终形状。可以使心轴200形成为诸如图3所示的圆柱形的单一弯曲圆形横截面的形状。然而，可以使心轴200形成为圆柱形状以外的心轴形状208。例如，心轴形状208可以包括半圆横截面形状212(图13)，具有一个或多个相对直的侧面的小面刻画形状(未示出)，或心轴形状208可以包括各种其他形状中的任一种。
加热装置226可以包括在成形系统100内用于提升热塑夹芯板106的温度至接近热塑材料的璃化转变温度的温度。例如，心轴200可以包括用于提升热塑夹芯板106的温度的加热装置226(图4)。在驱使热塑夹芯板106趋向心轴200或包裹心轴200的同时，来自心轴200的热可以传导转移至热塑夹芯板106以提升和/或保持热塑夹芯板106的温度。任选地，可以将成形系统100转移至烤箱(未示出)以提升心轴200的温度，提升热塑夹芯板106的温度，或提升与可能与成形系统100相关的任意其他硬件的温度。
图4为图3的成形系统100的端视图。热塑夹芯板106可以包括板内表面118和板外表面120。可以布置板外表面120与诸如心轴基底202的支撑表面毗连接触以便热可以由心轴基底202传导转移进入热塑夹芯板106。板内表面118可以与心轴表面204(图13)接触。心轴200可以大致居于热塑夹芯板106的板侧114中间。
图5为成形系统100的端视图，其图示施加至热塑夹芯板106的成形压力400。可以通过包括通过弹性成形板406(图15)的各种方式中任一种施加成形压力400。当热塑夹芯板106接近玻璃化转变温度时，在成形压力400下其热塑材料可以变软，使热塑夹芯板106慢慢贴合心轴200的形状。随着将热塑夹芯板106拉向心轴200，板内表面118的越来越多的部分可以与心轴204发生接触(图13)。通过心轴200加热装置226生成的热可以被传导转移进入热塑夹芯板106以保持其温度近似在玻璃化转变温度以下，诸如玻璃化转变温度的0-50°F以内。
图6为成形系统100的端视图，其图示包裹心轴200和/或与心轴形状208贴合的基本上全部的热塑夹芯板106。就此而言，使热塑夹芯板106形成为包含心轴表面204的形状的管部分104(图13)。热塑夹芯板106的尺寸可以使得横跨板侧114(图4)的宽度产生互相相对紧靠布置的相对的管侧边122。以这一方式，可以通过安置纵向接合组件142(图10)以使管侧边122互相接触形成结构管102。
图7展示在被动地或主动地将管部分104冷却至期望温度后移除心轴200(图6)的管部分104。被动冷却可以包括在将热塑夹芯板106保持在图4-6所示的心轴200的形状的同时停止施加热至热塑夹芯板106并使热塑夹芯板106冷却至环境温度。主动冷却可以包括使用诸如风扇的冷却装置(未示出)将空气吹过热塑夹芯板106。主动冷却可以还包括循环冷却流体(未示出)经过心轴200，或其他主动或被动冷却方式。
图8为图7的管部分104的一部分的放大图并图示管侧边122和其间的间隔124。在形成管部分104之后，可以调整管侧边122之间的间隔124从而达到管部分104的期望尺寸。例如，可以调整管侧边122之间的间隔124以达到期望的管宽度138(图18)或管内表面134的期望管直径，如以下更加详细描述的。
图9为结构管102的透视图，其包含管部分104和连接管侧边122到一起以形成管接缝154的纵向接合部件142。管部分104具有相对的管端132。此外，管部分104具有管内表面134和管外表面136。虽然接合部件142被示为沿结构管102的长度延伸的整体结构，但是两个或更多个单独的接合部件142可以沿管部分104的长度首尾相连排布布置以衔接管侧边122。
图10为图9的结构管102的端视图。在实施方式中展示接合部件142包含具有通过中心部分150互相连接的内法兰146和外法兰148的H-截面144。通过管内表面134可以限定管宽度138(如管直径)(图18)并且通过调整管侧边122之间的间隔124可以调整管宽度138。可以通过移动管侧边122靠近到一起或远离直到达到期望管宽度138来调整间隔124。在形成管部分104之后，还可以修整一个或多个管侧边122以进一步控制管侧边122之间的间隔124。
在图11中，可以诸如通过粘附结合或将内法兰146焊接至管内表面134在管侧边122处将接合部件142的内法兰146固定至管内表面134。同样地，可以将外法兰148粘附结合或焊接至管外表面136。也可以诸如通过粘附结合或焊接将中心部分150附连至管侧边122。用于将管侧边122连接至接合部件142的方法的非限制性实例包括机械固定、使用热塑粘合剂层152的粘附结合和/或通过超声焊接、感应焊接、或各种其他附连方法中任一种或方法的组合。
在图12中，所示为配置为具有通过中心部分150衔接的内法兰146和外法兰148的H-截面144的接合部件142的实施方式。然而，可以提供任意横截面构型的接合部件142用以使管侧边122(图11)连接到一起以形成管接缝154(图11)，并不限于附图所示的H-截面144。例如，接合部件142可以被配置为单独外法兰148而没有中心部分150或内法兰146。可选地，接合部件142可被配置为没有外法兰148或内法兰146的中心部分150。
在实施方式中，接合部件142可以由诸如聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)的聚合材料形成。然而，接合部件142任选地由金属材料或任意其他材料或材料组合形成。接合部件142材料优选为与热塑夹芯板106(图11)相容。就此而言，接合部件142优选由具有与热塑夹芯板106的热膨胀系数相匹配的热膨胀系数的材料形成，从而最小化否则在当结构管102(图11)投入使用时的温度波动期间可能发生的残余应力。此外，接合部件142优选地由使结合部件142和热塑夹芯板106的面板108(图3)之间发生电腐蚀最小化的材料形成。
图13为用于使热塑夹芯板106形成为管部分106的成形系统100(图3)的实施方式的透视图，并图示在心轴200上放置热塑夹芯板106以蠕变成形(creep forming)之前布置在心轴200之上的基本上平的热塑夹芯板106。心轴200显示为具有半圆横截面形状212和大体上平的心轴基底202。心轴200和心轴基底202可以包括使热塑夹芯板106成形的成形台(未示出)的部分。可以提供中空构型或实心构型的心轴200并且心轴200可以由与加热热塑夹芯板106以使其蠕变成形的温度相容的任意材料形成。例如，心轴200可以由木材、金属材料(如铝、铁，诸如钢、因钢)、复合材料、陶瓷材料、或任意其他材料或材料组合形成。有利地，由于将热塑夹芯板106保持在优选在玻璃化转变温度以下的温度，所以可以不需要脱模剂(未示出)。然而，对于某些应用或材料组合，在心轴200上安装热塑夹芯板106之前，可以将脱模剂施加至心轴200。
在图13中，热塑夹芯板106可以包括指示在管部分104的成形之后管部分104(图17)可以被修整的位置的一套净修整线140。心轴200可以包括一个或多个对准装置220，用于在驱使热塑夹芯板106抵靠心轴200的同时保持热塑夹芯板106相对于心轴200纵向对准。可以配置对准装置220以便将热塑夹芯板106可拆卸地连接至心轴200。例如，对准装置220可以包括可以由心轴表面204向上或向外延伸的一对定位销222。定位销222可以沿切线224放置，切线224限定为基本上平的热塑夹芯板106初始接触心轴200所沿的线。定位销222的尺寸可以定制并配置为被接纳在一对相应的钻孔116内，钻孔116形成可以至少部分穿过热塑夹芯板106形成。在所示实施方式中，有利地，钻孔116可被放置在热塑夹芯板106的相对板端112上的净修整线140的外侧。
图14为放置在心轴200上的热塑夹芯板106的俯视图。板内表面118(图15)可沿切线224与心轴表面204(图15)接触。通过定位销222在热塑夹芯板106的钻孔116内的啮合可以保持热塑夹芯板106与心轴200对准。虽然对准装置220在图中被图示为定位销222，但可以提供各种不同构型中任一种的对准装置220并且不限于定位销222。而且，可以把对准装置220设置在沿热塑夹芯板106的任意位置并不限于净修整线140外侧位置。而且，虽然图中展示一对对准装置220，但可以提供任意数量的对准装置220。
图15为成形系统100的端视图，展示了设置在心轴200上并在净修整线140(图14)处接触心轴200的热塑夹芯板106。心轴200被展示为具有大体上圆形形状的心轴表面204。然而，可以不受限制地提供任意单一弯曲或简单弯曲横截面形状的心轴表面204，包括但不限于圆形横截面形状210(图3的圆柱截面)(图6)、半圆横截面形状212(图13)、小面刻画横截面形状(未示出)或诸如椭圆形状(未示出)、圆角方形(未示出)、圆角矩形(未示出)或任意其他横截面形状的其他形状。
图15图示配置为以心轴200的形状驱使热塑夹芯板106的成形板406的加压装置404。可以在热塑夹芯板106之上放置成形板406以协助施加成形压力400(图16)以驱使热塑夹芯板106抵靠在心轴表面204上。成形压力400可以还包括重力402，一旦将热塑夹芯板106加热高达接近玻璃化转变温度的温度，重力402可以对热塑夹芯板106起作用。成形压力400可以导致热塑夹芯板106逐渐贴合心轴形状208。
在实施方式中，成形板406可以由诸如硅橡胶的橡胶层410的可拉伸弹性材料组成。弹性成形板406可以为预拉伸的。可以将成形板的周边安装至可以抵靠心轴基底202布置或密封至心轴基底202的相对坚硬的框架408上。就此而言，可以将弹性成形板406(如橡胶层410)密封至心轴基底202。成形板406的预拉伸可以产生可协助驱使热塑夹芯板106抵靠在心轴表面204上的弹性力(未示出)。可以将一个或多个真空孔414流通地连接至成形板406和/或心轴基底202以在成形板406和心轴200之间的区域内抽真空。真空计416可以被包括以监视真空压力412。
图16图示向成形板406(如橡胶层410)和心轴200之间的区域施加真空压力412。真空压力412可在蠕变成形期间驱使热塑夹芯板106趋向心轴200以使热塑夹芯板106包裹心轴200。通过重力402(图15)可以协助成形。当热塑夹芯板106接近其玻璃化转变温度时，抵靠在心轴上可以发生热塑夹芯板106的成形。对于由PEI组成的热塑夹芯板106，玻璃化转变温度可近似为415°F以致可将热塑夹芯板106加热至近似300-350°F。
可以通过各种方式中的任一种加热热塑夹芯板106。例如将热塑夹芯板106作为单独组件置于烤箱内或可以将热塑夹芯板106安装在心轴200上并将心轴200和热塑夹芯板106放置在烤箱内。可选地，或附加地，可使用诸如可以施加至热塑夹芯板106或成形板406的加热垫的加热装置226(图23)加热热塑夹芯板106。例如，加热垫可以包括可以放置在成形板406上的电阻加热元件。来自加热装置226的热可以传导加热成形板406，这又可以传导加热热塑夹芯板106。可以任选地加热心轴200从而在成形过程期间协助保持热塑夹芯板106处于期望温度。然而，可以通过包括但不限于感应加热、辐射加热或其他加热方法的各种方式中任一种加热热塑夹芯板106。
图17图示可以使用图13-16中图示的心轴200形成的一对管部分104。可以组装管部分104以形成结构管102(图11)。每一件管部分104显示为具有管侧边122。每一件管侧边122显示具有直边126(图18)构型。如前指明，在组装管部分104之前，可以修整管侧边122。
图18为可以通过组装图17所图示的一对管部分104形成的结构管102的端视图。可以调整管部分104的相对位置从而达到在结构管102每侧上的管侧边122之间的期望间隔124。通过如上所指明修整管侧边122也可以帮助间隔124调整。通过调整管侧边122之间的间隔124，可以达到预定管宽度138(图18)。例如，对于图18所图示的圆柱形状结构管102，可以调整间隔124以达到结构管102的期望管内直径138。使用一对接合部件142可以使管侧边122连接到一起以在结构管102的每一侧上形成管接缝154。如前指明，可通过任意合适的固定方式，诸如通过在接合部件142和管部分104之间施加粘合剂层152将接合部件142附连至管侧边122。
图19为一个实施方式中的心轴200的端视图，其具有放置在心轴200每一侧上的一对心轴肩206。为了清楚，图19省略图15-16的成形板406。心轴肩206可以包括可以单独附连(如机械固定)至心轴200的单独的条带(未示出)以便心轴肩206可以为可拆卸的。可选地，心轴肩206可以与心轴200一体形成以便心轴200包括整体结构。
图20图示在心轴200之上形成为管部分104的热塑夹芯板106。管部分104包括形成为相对管侧边122的一对唇缘边128。由于在成形压力400(图16)施加下驱使管侧边122抵靠在心轴肩206上，可以在管部分104中形成唇缘边128。如上所指，可以通过成形板406(图15)施加这样的成形压力400。
图21为一对管部分104的放大端视图。管部分104的上部分具有沿管侧边122延伸的唇缘边128，其在使用图20的心轴200时可以形成。管部分104的下部分具有沿管侧边122延伸的直边126，其在使用图15的心轴200时可以形成。唇缘边128可以便于不使用接合部件142(图18)将管部分104连接在一起。
图22展示通过组装图21的管部分104形成的结构管102。在结构管102的每一侧，唇缘边128可以与直边126以重叠关系130布置。可以修整管部分104的直边126以便可以在结构管102中达到期望的管宽度138(如管内直径)。可以在唇缘边128和直边126之间安置粘合剂层152以助于其间的粘附结合。以这方式，可以不使用结合部件142(图18)来组装结构管102，这可以简化组装过程和减少部件数。
图23为一个实施方式中的心轴200的端视图，其在心轴200的一侧上具有单个心轴肩206。如上所指，心轴肩206可以包括可以单独附连至心轴200的单独的条带(未示出)，或心轴肩206可以与心轴200一体形成。为了清楚，图23省略成形板406(图15-16)。
图24展示在心轴200上形成的热塑夹芯板106。管部分104包括形成为管部分104的相对管侧边122之一的单个唇缘边128。响应于驱使管侧边122抵靠在心轴间206上的成形压力400，可以在管侧边122中形成唇缘边128。
图25为一对管部分104的放大端视图。管部分104的每一件具有唇缘边128和直边126。上部管部分104相对下部管部分104取向以便唇缘边128相对直边126布置。
图26图示通过组装图25中所示管部分104形成的结构管102。以与直边126的重叠关系130布置每一个唇缘边128并且可以使用粘合剂层152结合到一起。如上所指，可以修整一个或多个直边126以达到结构管102中期望的管宽度138。虽然结构管102使用两(2)件管部分104组装，但可以使用三(3)件或更多件管部分104组装结构管102以形成封闭的结构管102。管部分104可以相似地成形或管部分104可以具有不同的形状。
图27展示由单一管部分104形成的结构管102。管部分104可以具有大体上环形横截面形状并且可以包括以与直边126重叠关系连接的唇缘边128。利用可以安置在其间的粘合剂层152可以将唇缘边128连接至直边126。有利地，由于部件数最少，图27中所示结构管102构型显著地简化了组装过程。
图28展示配置为诸如可以被用于飞机环境控制系统的管道180的结构管102。管道180包括具有通过接合部件142衔接的管侧边122的管部分104。管道180可以包括可以固定至管部分104并可以从管道180向外伸出的接管184。管道180可以帮助由结构管102的主管道按路线输送经调节的空气至诸如可以位于客机(未示出)的乘客座位(未示出)上的出口(未示出)。虽然图28图示由结构管102向外延伸的单独的接管184，但管道180可以包括以任意角度取向和位于沿结构管102的长度任意位置的从结构管102向外延伸的任意数目的接管184。
图29展示在接管184至结构管102的附连处的结构管102的横截面。在实施方式中，接管184可以包括接管法兰186以帮助该接管184至结构管102的附连。例如，接管184可由与结构管102的材料相容的任意合适的材料形成。此外，可以使接管法兰186与管外表面136互补成形。可以通过包括粘附结合、通过焊接或其他合适的方式的任意合适的方式使接管法兰186附连至结构管102。
在图30中，所示为由热塑夹芯板106(图10)形成结构管102(图10)的方法的流程图。有利地，作为通过公开的方法形成的结构管102可以被实施用于各种应用。例如，结构管102可以被实施用作飞机环境控制系统的管道180。有利地，本文公开的方法提供以相对与常规制造方法相关的成本显著减少的成本形成结构管102的方式。例如，该方法提供以减少的原料成本、减少的加工成本和减少的劳动成本制造结构管102的方式。
此外，本文公开的方法提供以相对常规方法减少的时间量制造具有热隔离能力的结构管102(图10)的简化的工艺。例如，本文公开的方法避免如常规制造方法可能需要的将隔热泡沫单独结合至单独形成的管道组件上的需要。而且，使用本文公开的方法制造的结构管102可以导致减少量的废料和碎料。此外，由于再循环和重新形成未使用的热塑夹芯板106(图10)的热塑材料的能力，本文公开的方法可以包括环境友好过程。更进一步，本文公开的方法提供使用相对用于常规管形成工艺的材料具有关于火、烟和有毒气体(FST)排放的优良性能特征的热塑材料形成结构管102的能力。
方法500(图30)的步骤502可以包括在心轴200上或抵靠心轴200放置基本上平的热塑夹芯板106，如图15所示。可以提供简单弯曲或单个弯曲横截面形状的心轴200。然而，可以考虑的是心轴200可以还包括轻微的复合曲率，其中基本上平的热塑板可以大体上贴合心轴形状208而没有起皱或过量材料的出现。
方法500(图30)的步骤504可以包括保持热塑夹芯板106与心轴200在纵向上对齐。可以通过一个或多个对准装置220保持热塑夹芯板106和心轴200之间的纵向对齐。例如，图13图示可以沿基本上平的热塑夹芯板106起初接触心轴表面204的切线224从心轴200向上延伸的一个或多个定位销222。定位销222可以被接纳在可以在热塑夹芯板106中形成的相应的钻孔对116内。可以配置定位销222以使得在使热塑夹芯板106形成为心轴200的形状之后从心轴200上移除热塑夹芯板106。
方法500(图30)的步骤506可以包括加热热塑夹芯板106(图14)至组成热塑夹芯板106的热塑材料的玻璃化转变温度以下的温度。如上所指明，可以在驱使热塑夹芯板106抵靠在心轴200上之前加热热塑夹芯板106。例如，可以通过将热塑夹芯板106置于烤箱内加热热塑夹芯板106并在加热热塑夹芯板106之后将热塑夹芯板106放置在心轴200上。还可以在心轴200(图14)周围包裹热塑夹芯板106之前，通过将热塑夹芯板106置于成形表面228(图14)上以传导转移热至热塑夹芯板106内加热热塑夹芯板106。
任选地，还可以加热心轴200以帮助保持热塑夹芯板106(图15)的温度刚好在玻璃化转变温度以下或接近玻璃化转变温度。还可以加热成形板406(如橡胶层410-图15)以帮助加热热塑夹芯板106。如果热塑夹芯板106的玻璃化转变温度近似为300°F，则热塑夹芯板106可以被加热至低于玻璃化转变温度约0-50°F的范围内的温度。然而，可以考虑的是在沿着热塑夹芯板106的长度和/或宽度的一个或多个位置处，热塑夹芯板106可以被加热至暂时超过热塑夹芯板106的玻璃化转变温度的温度。
方法500(图30)的步骤508可以包括驱使基本上平的热塑夹芯板106抵靠在心轴表面204上，如图16所示。例如，可以基本上围绕心轴200包裹热塑夹芯板106以引起热塑夹芯板106大体上呈现心轴形状208。可以通过加压装置404向热塑夹芯板106施加成形压力400(图16)。例如，可以在热塑夹芯板106之上拉伸由诸如硅橡胶层410的可拉伸弹性材料组成的成形板406。作为由于弹性成形板406的可选的预拉伸而作用在热塑夹芯板106上的弹性力的结果，可以至少部分产生成形压力400。任选地，可以安装成形板406至大体上坚硬的框架408(图16)，框架408可以被密封至心轴200和/或心轴基底202，如图16所示，以实现密封弹性成形板400(如橡胶层410)至心轴200和/或心轴基底202。可以向成形板406和心轴200之间的区域施加真空压力412以驱使热塑夹芯板106抵靠在心轴表面204上。
方法500(图30)的步骤510可以包括使热塑夹芯板106(图16)冷却。通过诸如利用冷却装置(未示出)的主动冷却可以促进热塑夹芯板106的冷却。例如，使风扇面向心轴200(图16)和/或管部分104(图16)，将冷空气吹过心轴200和/或热塑夹芯板106以吸走热。任选地，心轴200可以包括循环流体经过心轴200以助于将热从心轴200和管部分104提取出的装置。热塑夹芯板106可以被被动地和/或主动地冷却至诸如环境温度。
方法500(图30)的步骤512可以包括将管部分104与心轴200分离。由于通过加热热塑夹芯板106至接近玻璃化转变温度的温度而缓慢成形热塑夹芯板106(图18)，有利地，管部分104(图18)可以保留具有最小或可忽略的反弹的心轴200的心轴形状208(图18)。可以形成具有期望构型的管侧边122(图18)的管部分104。例如，图18图示通过组装每个具有形成为直边126构型的管侧边122以助于使用接合部件142连接管侧边122的一对管部分104形成的结构管102。
在进一步实施方式中，图22图示包括具有唇缘边128的一个管部分104和具有直边126的配接管部分104的结构管102。使用粘合剂层152以在其间结合可以使唇缘边128与直边126配接。图26图示结构管102的进一步实施方式，其包括一对基本上相似构型的管部分104，其中每个管部分具有唇缘边128和直边126以与配接管部分104粘附结合。应当理解，管部分104可以被形成各种构型并不限于图中所图示的实施方式。
方法500(图30)的步骤514可以包括在管部分104中形成一个或多个孔182，如图28所示。可以在管部分104中形成孔182作为制造诸如用于飞机或其他交通工具的环境控制系统的管道180的过程的部分。然而，可以为各种目的中任一种产生孔182，并不限于制造环境控制系统的管道180。
方法500(图30)的步骤516可以包括将中空管状接管184附连至管部分104。例如，图29图示安装至管部分104的接管184。接管184可以包括可以粘附结合或以其他方式附连至管部分104的管内表面134或管外表面136的接管法兰186。接管184可以延伸穿过管部分104中的孔182以便接管184由管部分104向外伸出并大体上与孔182对齐。
在图31-32中，在如图31所示的飞机制造和使用方法600和如图32所示的飞机602的背景下，描述公开内容的实施方式。在生产前期间，示范的方法600可以包括飞机602的规格和设计604，和材料采购606。在生产期间，进行飞机602的零件和组件制造608和系统集成610。其后，飞机602可以通过验收并交付612从而被投入使用614。在被客户投入使用的同时，安排飞机602进行常规维护和保养616(其可以还包括改进、重构、整修等)。
可以通过系统集成商、第三方和/或经营者(如客户)执行或进行方法600的每一步过程。为了本说明的目的，系统集成商可以包括而不限于任意数目的飞机制造商和主系统次承包商；第三方可以包括而不限于任意数目的供应商和次承包商，和供应商；和经营者可以为航空公司、租赁公司、军事实体、服务机构等。
如图32所示，通过示范性方法600生产的飞机602可以包括具有多个系统620和内部622的机体618。高级系统620的实例包括一个或多个推进系统624、电气系统626、液压系统628和环境系统630。可以包括任意数目的其他系统。虽然展示航空航天的实例，但本发明的原理可以被应用于诸如汽车工业的其他工业。
可以在生产和使用方法600的任意一个或多个阶段期间，应用本文概括的装置和方法。例如，在飞机602投入使用的同时，可以以相似于生产零件或组件的方法加工或制造相应生产过程608的零件或组件。同样，在生产阶段608和610期间，可以利用一个或多个的装置实施方式、方法实施方式或其组合，例如，通过大幅加快飞机602的组装或减少其成本。相似地，在飞机602投入使用的同时，可以利用一个或多个的装置实施方式、方法实施方式或其组合，例如但不限于，维护和保养616。
本公开内容的额外修改和改良对于本领域普通技术人员可以是明显的。因此，本文描述和图示的部件的特定组合是为了仅仅表示本公开内容的某些实施方式，并不是为了作为公开内容的精神和范围内的可选的实施方式或装置的限制。

Claims (8)

1.形成管的方法，其包括步骤：
将平的热塑夹芯板安装在心轴的心轴表面上，使得从所述心轴表面向外延伸的定位销被接纳在所述热塑夹芯板中形成的相应的钻孔中，所述热塑夹芯板包括由芯隔开的一对间隔的单独的面板，其中所述芯使得所述面板相互连接；
驱使所述热塑夹芯板抵靠在所述心轴表面上；
在驱使所述热塑夹芯板抵靠在所述心轴表面上的同时使用被接纳在所述钻孔内的所述定位销保持所述热塑夹芯板与所述心轴纵向对准；
蠕变成形所述热塑夹芯板，包括加热所述热塑夹芯板同时保持所述面板的温度在玻璃化转变温度以下；
使所述热塑夹芯板冷却；以及
移除所述心轴，由此形成管部分，该管部分具有相反的管侧边。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其进一步包括步骤：
将所述管侧边连接到一起。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中将所述管侧边连接到一起的步骤包括：
使用下述中的至少一种将接合部件附连至所述管侧边：
粘附结合；
超声焊接；
感应焊接；和
机械固定。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中驱使所述热塑夹芯板抵靠在所述心轴表面上的步骤包括：
在所述热塑夹芯板之上安装成形板；
使用所述成形板，向所述热塑夹芯板施加成形压力；和
响应于施加所述成形压力，驱使所述热塑夹芯板抵靠在所述心轴表面上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中所述成形板是橡胶层，在所述热塑夹芯板之上安装所述成形板的步骤包括：
在所述热塑夹芯板之上安置所述橡胶层；
抵靠所述心轴密封所述橡胶层；和
向所述橡胶层与所述心轴之间的区域施加真空压力。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其进一步包括步骤：
加热所述橡胶层；和
响应于加热所述橡胶层，传导加热所述热塑夹芯板。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中加热所述热塑夹芯板的步骤包括：
加热所述心轴。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其进一步包括步骤：
在所述管部分中形成孔；和
将中空管状接管附连至所述管部分，以便所述接管从所述管部分向外延伸，所述接管大致与所述孔对准。
CN201380048245.5A 2012-09-18 2013-07-17 由热塑夹芯板形成管的方法 Active CN104640685B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/621,991 US9956718B2 (en) 2012-09-18 2012-09-18 Method of forming a tube from a thermoplastic sandwich sheet
US13/621,991 2012-09-18
PCT/US2013/050924 WO2014046775A1 (en) 2012-09-18 2013-07-17 Method of forming a tube from a thermoplastic sandwich sheet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN104640685A CN104640685A (zh) 2015-05-20
CN104640685B true CN104640685B (zh) 2017-06-23

Family

ID=48914444

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201380048245.5A Active CN104640685B (zh) 2012-09-18 2013-07-17 由热塑夹芯板形成管的方法

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9956718B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2897780B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6216792B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR102030873B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104640685B (zh)
ES (1) ES2732375T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT2897780T (zh)
TR (1) TR201908411T4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2014046775A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104836169A (zh) * 2015-04-30 2015-08-12 应德华 用于保护车辆线路接头的防尘套
GB2538065A (en) * 2015-04-30 2016-11-09 M-Flow Tech Ltd Pipe Forming Method
US10618213B2 (en) 2017-02-17 2020-04-14 The Boeing Company Method and apparatus for continuously fabricating a composite sandwich structure
US10821651B2 (en) 2017-02-17 2020-11-03 The Boeing Company Method and apparatus for continuously fabricating a composite sandwich structure
US11034431B2 (en) * 2017-09-25 2021-06-15 The Boeing Company Composite article with fly-away bag carrier
LU101288B1 (de) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-28 Airbus Operations Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von grossbauteilen aus thermoplastischen faserverbundwerkstoffen

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8528966D0 (en) 1985-11-25 1986-01-02 Raychem Ltd Wrap-around fabric articles
US5208051A (en) 1990-11-02 1993-05-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Helical tooling for consolidation of thermoplastic composite tubes
JPH05116210A (ja) 1991-10-25 1993-05-14 Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd 三次元的曲面形状を有する合成樹脂シートの成形方法
GB2308092B (en) 1995-12-14 2000-03-22 Toa Kokyu Tugitevarubu Seizo C Method of welding plastics sheets together and a joint used therein
US6284089B1 (en) * 1997-12-23 2001-09-04 The Boeing Company Thermoplastic seam welds
JPH11291348A (ja) 1998-04-06 1999-10-26 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd 耐熱性樹脂ベルト及びその製造方法
ITPD20010110U1 (it) 2001-11-27 2003-05-27 Ritmo Spa Dispositivo perfezionato per la saldatura termica di raccordi sulla parete di tubi in materia plastica
US7112054B2 (en) 2002-08-09 2006-09-26 The Boeing Company Consolidation joining of thermoplastic laminate ducts
US7153124B2 (en) 2002-08-09 2006-12-26 The Boeing Company Preforming thermoplastic ducts
US20050284562A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2005-12-29 The Boeing Company Apparatus and methods for forming thermoplastic clamshell components
KR101274263B1 (ko) 2005-03-22 2013-06-14 퀵스텝 테크놀로지즈 피티와이 리미티드 복합재료 튜브 생산
US9669593B2 (en) 2007-06-14 2017-06-06 The Boeing Company Light weight thermoplastic flex foam and hybrid duct system
US9278484B2 (en) * 2008-04-17 2016-03-08 The Boeing Company Method and apparatus for producing contoured composite structures and structures produced thereby
FR2952323B1 (fr) 2009-11-12 2011-12-09 Solvay Segment incurve a paroi multicouche en matiere plastique pour l'assemblage de tubes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140076479A1 (en) 2014-03-20
EP2897780B1 (en) 2019-03-27
JP2015528407A (ja) 2015-09-28
US9956718B2 (en) 2018-05-01
EP2897780A1 (en) 2015-07-29
JP6216792B2 (ja) 2017-10-18
PT2897780T (pt) 2019-05-08
CN104640685A (zh) 2015-05-20
ES2732375T3 (es) 2019-11-22
WO2014046775A1 (en) 2014-03-27
KR102030873B1 (ko) 2019-10-10
KR20150056761A (ko) 2015-05-27
TR201908411T4 (tr) 2019-07-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104640685B (zh) 由热塑夹芯板形成管的方法
JP6262842B2 (ja) 成形中の複合積層体における層のしわを低減するための方法及び装置
US8007628B2 (en) Cellular composite grid-stiffened structure
JP5045443B2 (ja) 賦形成形型、ならびにそれを用いたプリフォームおよび繊維強化プラスチックの製造方法
JP5203459B2 (ja) 複合構造体及びそれを得るための関連方法
US7553388B2 (en) Consolidation joining of thermoplastic laminate ducts
JP7066430B2 (ja) 一体化複合構造製造システム
US20090014081A1 (en) Thermosetting or thermoplastic arrangement for manufacturing piping for air conditioning
US20220134687A1 (en) Mold for manufacturing composite material molded product, and method for manufacturing composite material molded product
EP3112114B1 (en) Method and apparatus for reducing post-cure extraction force of a tooling mandrel
JP2023054346A (ja) 繊維強化複合材料構造体の製造
JP7193282B2 (ja) プリフォーム賦形方法及び複合材成形方法
US20070062641A1 (en) Method and Apparatus for Welding of Polymer Composite Components
CN110774622B (zh) 大尺寸大长径比等截面复合材料口型梁的成型方法及芯模
JP2020032581A (ja) プリフォーム賦形方法及び複合材成形方法
JP7231439B2 (ja) 樹脂成形体及びその製造方法
AU2006222661B2 (en) Method and apparatus for welding of polymer composite components

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
EXSB Decision made by sipo to initiate substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant