CN104638630B - The New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of power network capacitive earth current - Google Patents
The New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of power network capacitive earth current Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of power network capacitive earth current.This method is realized by installing power electronics change of current component and corresponding detection, control assembly between the three-phase bus and ground of neutral point small current neutral grounding mode power network, when singlephase earth fault occurs for power network, power electronics change of current component compensates earth-free relatively capacitance current, make by the electric current of earth point close to zero, avoid the system overvoltage that indirect arc is caused, substitute neutral grounded transformer and arc suppression coil, it is possible to the asymmetric power frequency component of compensating electric capacity electric current and high fdrequency component.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric power, and in particular to Hyper-Voltage of Power Systems technology and Power Electronic Technique, more
Body says the New Method of Active Electronic Compensation for being related to a kind of power network capacitive earth current.
Background technology
Electricity between the transformer of three-phase ac power system neutral, i.e. Y-connection and the neutral point of motor and the earth
Gas connected mode, referred to as Power Network Neutral.Neutral grounding mode is related to the security reliability of power network, economy,
Directly affect selection, overvoltage level and the means of relay protection, communication interference of apparatus insulated level etc..
110kV and above power network typically use high current earthing mode, i.e. neutral point effective grounding mode, such neutral point
Current potential is fixed as ground potential, when occurring singlephase earth fault, not over 1.4 times operation phase voltages of non-faulting phase voltage rise；
Transient overvoltage level is relatively low；Fault current is very big, and relay protection can be acted rapidly in tripping operation, cut off failure, grid equipment
Bear the overvoltage time shorter.In actual motion, for reduction single-phase-to-ground current, some transformers use earth-free mode.
3~66kV power network typically use small current neutral grounding mode, that is, isolated neutral or pass through arc suppression coil
With the three-phase system of high resistance grounding, when earth fault occurs for a certain phase, because earth point can not constitute short-circuit loop, it is grounded
Fault current is often more much smaller than load current, i.e. neutral non-effective grounding mode.This earthing mode power network allows band single
Phase earth fault is run in short-term, and power supply quality is preferable.In China it is generally acknowledged thatSystem belongs to small current neutral grounding system
Power network, the U.S. and West Europe typically handleSystem belong to small current neutral grounding system.
Neutral point small current neutral grounding mode can be divided mainly into following three kinds：It is earth-free, through grounding through arc and through resistance
Ground connection.Provided in China's electrical equipment design specification, if 35kV power networks unbalanced earth fault capacitance current is more than 10A, 3kV -10kV
If power network earthing capacitance current is more than 30A, it is required for using neutral by arc extinction coil grounding mode.
Neutral by arc extinction coil grounding system is typically using the grounding transformer access electricity of star or zigzag star connection
Net, arc suppression coil（I.e. variable single-phase electricity sensor）Access between grounding transformer neutral point and grounded screen.Its general principle is：Electricity
When power net is normally run, grounding transformer neutral point voltage-to-ground is zero, and arc suppression coil electric current is zero；When single-phase connect occurs in power network
During earth fault, ungrounded phase voltage rise, the rise of grounding transformer neutral point voltage-to-ground（Metallic earthing can be increased to mutually electricity
Pressure）, arc suppression coil generation inductance current.Flow through the inductive current of arc suppression coil and earth-free relatively capacitance current and
180 degree is differed to flow through current phase on the electric current of earth point, inductance capacitance, is mutually compensated for.When the value of two electric currents is less than hair
During the minimum current of raw electric arc, electric arc would not occur, i.e. " extinguishing arc ".But, when inductive current and capacitance current are just equal
When being fully compensated, easily there is the resonance overvoltage of danger in power network, does not use full remuneration typically, and uses overcompensation or owe
Compensating coefficient.Power distribution network typically uses overcompensation mode, and generator uses undercompensation mode.
Arc suppression coil early stage uses the arc suppression coil of artificial turn-adjusting fixed compensation, referred to as fixed compensation mode.It is fixed to mend
The mode of repaying is：Arc suppression coil is adjusted in overcompensation state, when the size of its overcompensation degree should make the operation of power network normal steady state
Neutral point displacement voltage is no more than the 15% of phase voltage.Fixed compensation mode is difficult to adapt to change ratio more frequently power network, gradually
Replaced by the automatic tuning manner of traceable electric network capacitance and current.Automatic tuning manner is divided into two kinds, and one kind is referred to as trailing type
Compensation way：From the change of motion tracking electric network capacitance and current, arc suppression coil inductance value is adjusted at any time, resonance point is kept it in
On, damping resistance is sealed in arc suppression coil loop, increases power network ratio of damping, by resonance overvoltage limitation in allowed limits.
After singlephase earth fault occurs for power network, damping resistance is shorting out by control system, reaches the optimal compensation effect, and this mode disappears
Arc coil is unable to bringing onto load adjustment.It is another to be referred to as dynamic compensation way：When power network is normally run, adjustment arc suppression coil electricity
Sense is away from resonance point, it is to avoid produce series resonance over-voltage and various resonance overvoltages；After single-phase earthing occurs for power network, quickly
Arc suppression coil is adjusted to the optimal compensation state, makes ground arc automatic distinguishing.
Dynamic compensation way requires that arc suppression coil energy fast speed belt carries adjustment, has obtained quick development in China, has mainly had
Five kinds can quick-adjustsing arc suppression coil product, be adjusting gapped-core type, turn-adjusting, capacitor tuning type, high short-circuit impedance transformer type respectively
With adjustment magnetic biasing type, main product is turn-adjusting and high short-circuit impedance transformer type, and Chinese technology represents advanced international standard.
The shortcoming of arc suppression coil is not completely eliminated for above technology：Function is single, it is necessary to be independently arranged；Work can only be compensated
Frequency symmetrical current, the slow easy generation resonance overvoltage of compensation speed.Turn-adjusting tracking velocity can not be played quickly well slowly
Compensating action, arc light still occur can not go out and overvoltage problem certainly；Harmonic wave is produced during high short-circuit impedance formula adjustment, it is necessary to increase filter
Ripple unit.All easily there is system resonance possibility in the two, and can not compensate asymmetric power frequency component and the non-linear caused height of electric arc
Frequency component.Further, since transforming plant main transformer low-pressure side is generally delta windings, generally requires and be independently arranged grounding transformer production
Raw artificial neutral point, being grounded the capacity become can not be all of iron loss is larger during normal operation.
The complex form of a kind of passive arc suppression coil and active compensation is developed in recent years, i.e., in neutral point arc suppression coil string
Connection or injection amplitude in parallel and phase distinguish adjustable power current, adjustment and the control phase-to-ground voltage of power network three and zero sequence electricity
Pressure.The technical purpose is after low current grounding point blow-out, to delay three-phase voltage and residual voltage recovery extent and recovery
Speed, grace time is provided to trouble point insulation recovery, to reduce arc reignition probability, improve failure self- recoverage（Self-healing）Generally
Rate, or when power network is normally run, is eliminated because circuit does not replace or replaced endless congruent three-phase parameter unbalance reason over the ground
Caused unbalance voltage.Therefore, the technology is the preliminary improvement of original arc suppression coil.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：There is provided a kind of suitable for small current neutral grounding mode power network（3~66kV electricity
Power net）, the Power Electronic Technique that is easily achieved, a wide range of power network singlephase earth fault capacitance current can be achieved, high accuracy, fast
Speed, the advanced method of dynamic compensation, substitute existing arc suppression coil technology, improve utilization rate of equipment and installations and electric network reliability.The present invention
Earth-free phase capacitance current can be quickly compensated after singlephase earth fault occurs for small current neutral grounding power network, to reduce electric arc weight
Fire probability, limitation system overvoltage；And the asymmetric capacitance current of power network and electric arc non-linear current can be compensated, improve electric capacity electricity
Flow compensation effect.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：Three-phase bus and ground connection in neutral point small current neutral grounding mode power network
Three-phase four-arm power electronics change of current component and corresponding detection components, control assembly is installed between net to realize direct-to-ground capacitance
The compensation of electric current.
A kind of power network capacitance current New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the present invention specifically includes herein below：
When singlephase earth fault occurs for power network, cut-offfing for adjustment three-phase four-arm power electronics change of current component is compared, control
Power electronics change of current component produces the inductance current of continuously adjustabe, compensates the capacitive earth current of earth-free phase, makes by ground connection
The electric current of point is close to zero, it is to avoid the system overvoltage that indirect arc is caused, and substitutes neutral grounded transformer and arc suppression coil,
And asymmetric power frequency component and non-linear high fdrequency component can be compensated.
Implement process：Detection components monitor network voltage curent change and calculate relatively capacitance current amount, when
When judging that singlephase earth fault occurs for power network, by controlling power electronics change of current component to feel to being exported between non-faulting phase and ground
Property electric current, the capacitive earth current of the earth-free phase of real-Time Compensation, equivalent to controllable impedance in parallel between earth-free phase and ground,
Earth-free phase capacitance current is avoided to form electric arc by earth point.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of power network capacitance current New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the invention is：
1st, by certain detection control device, can with compensation of ground resistance it is unstable it is non-linear caused by high fdrequency component and
The asymmetric power frequency component of power network, better than existing adjustable power frequency neutral point arc suppression coil.It is possible, firstly, to play power electronics component tune
Whole quick the characteristics of, the change of quick tracking electric arc and ground capacity realizes accurate compensation, it is to avoid dangerous resonant process causes
Overvoltage；Secondly, can be with phase splitting compensation capacitance current, it is to avoid zero sequence residual flow caused by capacitive earth current is asymmetric.
2nd, static electric power reliability of electronic equipment is higher, installs simple, easy modularization.
3rd, reduction loss, improves utilization rate of equipment and installations.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is power network capacitance current New Method of Active Electronic Compensation schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is power network capacitance current New Method of Active Electronic Compensation circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is the isoboles of power network capacitance current New Method of Active Electronic Compensation.
Fig. 4 is the control figure of power network capacitance current New Method of Active Electronic Compensation.
Embodiment
This method is described further with the content of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The power network capacitance current New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the present invention, can apply the small electricity of neutral point in different voltage class
Flow in earthing mode power network, for compensating the capacitance current of earth-free phase after singlephase earth fault, limitation earth point electric current is kept away
Exempt to produce ground arc.
It implements process：
1. determine Power Electronic Circuit structure
Because capacitive earth current needs to produce zero-sequence current over the ground in compensation small current neutral grounding power network, and electric current
It is amplitude, phase, adjustable in frequency requirement certain limit.In the present invention, three-phase four-arm structure power electronics change of current component is shared
Dc bus, four bridge arm output ends connect three-phase bus and grounded screen respectively, and power electronics change of current device selects high frequency full-control type
Device.
（1）Power electronics change of current component
In the present invention, described three-phase four-arm power electronics change of current component should select high frequency wholly-controled device.Can
The high frequency wholly-controled device of selection is including IGBT, IGCT, GTO, MOSFET etc..
As shown in Fig. 2 by taking voltage-type full-controlled device IGBT composition change of current components as an example, the component can produce random waveform
Electric current, the even transient current compensation of institute's power frequency reactive current in need, power frequency watt current, harmonic current can be achieved.
The Capacity design of power electronics compensation equipment should meet the compensation requirement of earthing capacitance current.Per the power frequency mutually produced
Reactive current should be greater than power network single-phase capacitive earth current during metallicity singlephase earth fault, i.e., per relatively electric when normally running
Capacitance currentTimes；The harmonic current of generation should be greater than the harmonic content in fault current during singlephase earth fault.
（2）Active compensation principle during single-phase earthing
As shown in figure 3, by taking A phase line metallic earthings as an example, it is zero that detection components, which detect A phase voltages, control assembly
Instruction is sent, the driving of A phases bridge arm, driving B, C two-phase and ground connection bridge arm inversion is closed, the relatively perceptual power frequency electrics of B, C two are produced
Stream and the power frequency watt current needed, harmonic current, transient current, make the electric current by A phase earth points close to zero, wherein inverse
Become energy and power network is directly derived from by three-phase bridge arm internal body diodes rectification.
As shown in figure 1, B, C two-phase and ground connection bridge arm equivalent are 2 variable inductors, by adjusting compensation B, C two-phase
Capacitance current over the ground, makes the electric current by A phase earth points close to zero, so as to avoid producing electric arc, or makes the electricity of generation
Expulsion of arc goes out.
Compensation principle during earth fault occurs for B phases or C phases, identical with above-mentioned compensation principle or equivalent.
2. power network state recognition
Power network capacitance current active compensation equipment operationally, monitors power network three-phase voltage, electric current, according to voltage in real time
Curent change simultaneously judges electric network state with reference to the other electrical quantity of power network.
When power network is normally run, due to three relatively parameter unbalances, such as three-phase line does not replace or replaced not exclusively
Deng, the caused phase-to-ground voltage non-equilibrium state of power network three meeting adjoint residual voltage appearance simultaneously, and voltage unbalance factor is in electricity
It is essentially identical in net.And the unbalance voltage that the uneven reactive current as caused by power network out-of-balance load etc. is produced will not be adjoint
Residual voltage occurs.
During singlephase earth fault, power network will produce zero sequence capacitance current, and three-phase voltage and residual voltage are by nature of trouble
Determine, in stable state.Different, the power network neutral point voltage according to trouble point transition resistance（Residual voltage）Zero to mutually electricity
Change between pressure.
According to above-mentioned voltage x current feature, power network status can be recognized.
3. determine the control mode of active compensation
Present invention needs to adjust compensation electric current, a kind of control program as shown in Figure 4, the explanation so that A phases are grounded as an example
Active compensation control principle.
Bus-bar potential transformer 1 is connected to power network bus 9, and threephase current transformer is installed on bus point of incoming cables, obtains three-phase
Voltage and current signal；Three-phase bridge arm 11,12 and 13 is connected to bus 9.Condenser current compensation tuning-off degree is according to code requirement, by de-
Humorous degree setting 5 is manually entered.
The three-phase voltage that grounding of network detection components 2 are provided by voltage transformer 1 judge power network normal, PT broken strings or
Artificial involution after single-phase earthing, automatic resetting when power network is normal, PT break alarms.After single-phase earthing is detected, alarm is sent
Signal；Earthing capacitance current monitors unit 6 on-line and passes through the amplitude of three-phase voltage and electric current, the electricity over the ground of phase calculation B phase C phases
Capacitance current, and the actual compensation magnitude of current of fixed value calculation for setting 5 according to tuning-off degree, control ground connection phase selection and split-phase output unit 4
The inverter current of each phase is synthesized, four electronic power inversion units are controlled（Respectively by PWM modulator and bridge arm 10,11,12 and 13
Composition）Operation, B phases 12, C phases 13 and the ground connection output inductance current compensation capacitor current for earthing of bridge arm 10.Three-phase bridge arm 11,
12 and 13 internal body diodes formation three phase rectifier, power supply energy is provided for dc bus.Meanwhile, B phases bridge arm 12 and C phases bridge arm 13
Pass through feedback stability output current；Current transformer 8 provides Grounding feedback current, with tuning-off degree setting 5 and ground capacity
The electric current on-line monitoring formation closed-loop control of unit 6, it is ensured that condenser current compensation is stable, reduces electric arc, it is possible to compensation electricity
The asymmetric power frequency component of capacitance current and high fdrequency component.
In Fig. 4, current waveform is preferably compensation power frequency capacitance current, the phase on the basis of A phase voltage phases.
If other phase ground connection, provide different selectings by unit 4 and mutually export, in that context it may be convenient to control different phase bridges
Arm output compensation electric current.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of power network capacitive earth current, it is characterised in that in the three-phase bus and ground of power network
Between installing put three-phase four-arm power electronics change of current component and corresponding detection components and control assembly realize electric capacity electricity
The compensation of stream；When singlephase earth fault occurs for power network, cut-offfing for adjustment three-phase four-arm power electronics change of current component is compared, control
Power electronics change of current component produces the power frequency inductance current of continuously adjustabe, compensates the capacitive earth current of earth-free phase, makes to pass through
The electric current of earth point is close to zero, it is to avoid the system overvoltage that indirect arc is caused, and substitutes neutral grounded transformer and extinguishing arc
Coil；The process of implementing is：Detection components monitoring network voltage curent change simultaneously calculates relatively capacitance current amount, when sentencing
When singlephase earth fault occurs for disconnected power network, by controlling power electronics change of current component to exporting perception between non-faulting phase and ground
Electric current, the capacitive earth current of the earth-free phase of real-Time Compensation, equivalent to controllable impedance in parallel between earth-free phase and ground, it is to avoid
Earth-free phase capacitance current forms electric arc by earth point.
2. according to the New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the power network capacitive earth current described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described three
Phase four bridge legs power electronics change of current component general DC busbar, four bridge arms connect three-phase bus and grounded screen respectively.
3. according to the New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the power network capacitive earth current described in claim 2, it is characterised in that described three
The capacity of phase four bridge legs power electronics change of current component meets the compensation requirement of earthing capacitance current, i.e., idle per the power frequency mutually produced
Electric current should be greater than power network single-phase capacitive earth current during metallicity singlephase earth fault, and the harmonic current of generation should be greater than single-phase connect
Harmonic content during earth fault in fault current.
4. according to the New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the power network capacitive earth current described in claim 3, it is characterised in that described electricity
Power electronically commutated device selects high frequency wholly-controled device.
5. according to the New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the power network capacitive earth current described in claim 4, it is characterised in that single-phase earthing
When active compensation principle be：By taking A phase line metallic earthings as an example, it is zero that detection components, which detect A phase voltages, control assembly hair
Go out instruction, close the driving of A phases bridge arm, driving B, C two-phase and ground connection bridge arm inversion, produce the relatively perceptual power currents of B, C two
With the power frequency watt current of needs, harmonic current, transient current, make by the electric currents of A phase earth points close to zero, wherein inversion
Energy is directly derived from network system by three-phase bridge arm internal body diodes rectification.
6. according to the New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the power network capacitive earth current described in claim 5, it is characterised in that described has
The control program of source compensation method is：
Bus-bar potential transformer (1) is connected to power network bus (9), and threephase current transformer is installed on bus point of incoming cables, obtains three-phase
Voltage and current signal；Three-phase bridge arm (11), (12) and (13) is connected to bus (9), and ground connection bridge arm (10) connects grounded screen (0)；Electric capacity
Current compensation tuning-off degree sets (5) according to code requirement, by tuning-off degree and is manually entered；
The three-phase voltage that grounding of network detection components (2) are provided by voltage transformer (1) judge power network normal, PT broken strings or
Artificial involution after single-phase earthing, automatic resetting when power network is normal, PT break alarms；After single-phase earthing is detected, alarm is sent
Signal；Earthing capacitance current on-line monitoring unit (6) by the amplitude of three-phase voltage and electric current, phase calculation B phase C phases over the ground
Capacitance current, and the actual compensation magnitude of current of fixed value calculation for setting (5) according to tuning-off degree, control ground connection phase selection and split-phase output are single
First (4) synthesize the inverter current of each phase, control four be made up of respectively PWM modulator and bridge arm (10), (11), (12) and (13)
Individual electronic power inversion unit operation, B phases (12), C phases (13) and ground connection bridge arm (10) output inductance current compensation power network are over the ground
Capacitance current；Three-phase bridge arm (11), (12) and (13) internal body diodes formation three phase rectifier, power supply energy is provided for dc bus
Amount；Meanwhile, B phases bridge arm (12) and C phases bridge arm (13) pass through feedback stability output current；It is logical that current transformer (8) provides ground connection
Road feedback current, forms closed-loop control, it is ensured that electric capacity with tuning-off degree setting (5) and earthing capacitance current on-line monitoring unit (6)
Current compensation is stable, reduces electric arc, it is possible to the asymmetric power frequency component of compensating electric capacity electric current and high fdrequency component.
7. according to the New Method of Active Electronic Compensation of the power network capacitive earth current described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described electricity
Power net is 3~66kV neutral point small current neutral grounding mode power network.
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| CN105262076B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2018-06-29 | 国家电网公司 | Arc extinguishing method and device in a kind of isolated neutral system during earth fault |
| CN106786470B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2021-03-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Flexible grounding system for neutral point of power grid |
| CN106786471A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of unidirectional active power compensator of power network neutral point isolated neutral system |
| CN106026069B (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-04-20 | 武汉大学 | A kind of capacitance current of distribution network distributed compensation method |
| CN107785883A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of more level active compensation devices of three-phase four-arm and control method |
| CN107785884A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of more level active compensation devices of three-phase four-arm and control method |
| CN108258702B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-08-30 | 太原理工大学 | It is a kind of meter and transmission line of electricity distribution capacity grid-connected inverter resonance suppressing method |
| CN108899885B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-10-08 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Huge water wheel generator group impedance parameter automatic optimizing method |
| CN108982960B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-11-08 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of capacitance current of distribution network measurement method and device |
| CN109596937B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-11-24 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Controllable voltage source grounding current compensation method and device |
| CN109596938B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-11-03 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Controllable voltage source grounding current tracking compensation method and device |
| CN111030143A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Three-phase unbalanced system capacitance current test correction method |
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