CN113162013A - Ground distribution capacitance current precompensation method and device of low-voltage IT power supply system - Google Patents
Ground distribution capacitance current precompensation method and device of low-voltage IT power supply system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ground distributed capacitor current precompensation method of a low-voltage IT power supply system, which comprises the steps of obtaining a voltage value of a three-phase line to ground and a voltage value of a neutral line and calculating a voltage ratio; capacitors are connected in parallel between the three phase lines and the ground, so that the voltage ratio deviation of the phase lines after the connection is within a set range; sequentially adding an agitation capacitor between each phase line and the ground, acquiring the relative ground voltage before and after the addition, and acquiring each relative ground distribution capacitance value; repeating the steps until the deviation between the oppositely distributed capacitance values is within a set range, and calculating the average value of the three oppositely distributed capacitance values; a reactance coil is connected between the neutral point and the ground, and the approximate full compensation is ensured; and in the process, the working state of the system is monitored in real time, and the split-phase supplementary balance and the parameter comparison adjustment are stopped immediately when the system fails. The invention also discloses a device for realizing the pre-compensation method of the grounding distributed capacitance current of the low-voltage IT power supply system. The invention has high reliability, good safety and good effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of low-voltage power supply and distribution, and particularly relates to a method and a device for pre-compensating grounding distributed capacitance current of a low-voltage IT power supply system.
Background
With the development of economic technology and the improvement of living standard of people, electric energy becomes essential secondary energy in production and life of people, and brings endless convenience to production and life of people. Therefore, stable and reliable operation of the power system becomes one of the most important tasks of the power system.
The low-voltage IT power supply system, also called a neutral point ungrounded low-voltage power supply system, has a voltage class of 1kV or less, including 660V, 380V, 127V, and the like. Since the neutral point is not grounded, when a human body touches any one of the A, B, C three phases alone, since there is no direct closed current path between the live line and the ground, the ground leakage current flowing into the human body is small. When the leakage current flowing into the human body is lower than 30mA or even higher than 30mA, the cumulative action time is lower than 30mA.S (milliampere. second), the human body electric shock casualty accident can not be caused generally. Meanwhile, the leakage current of the live wire grounding is very small, so that arcing cannot be generated, surrounding combustible gas can explode or a cable is ignited, and the grounding short circuit can not be tripped. Therefore, the low-voltage IT power supply is also called a high-reliability low-voltage power supply.
The low-voltage IT power supply system is widely applied to places which cause serious consequences after power supply interruption or strictly avoid electric shock danger, fire hazard and combustible gas explosion danger, such as operating rooms in hospitals, underground coal mines, thermal power plants and the like.
The low-voltage IT power supply system is similar to the structure of a 6kV and 10kV medium-voltage power distribution system widely applied in China at present, and is a neutral point ungrounded system. However, when the load side power supply line is long, the distributed capacitance formed between each phase line and the ground forms a new current closed channel; when a phase is grounded, the leakage current flowing into the ground is proportional to the total distributed capacitance of the phase grounded, and the longer the line is, the larger the distributed capacitance of the same material and specification. At present, in a mode of limiting grounding current in a medium-voltage system of 6kV, 10kV and the like, a neutral point or a virtual neutral point is usually adopted to be connected with a reactance coil to compensate grounding distributed capacitance, so that the problem of grounding current compensation of the medium-voltage system is well solved.
However, since the three distributed capacitances of the medium voltage system A, B, C with respect to ground are almost equal in most cases, the inductance of the arc suppression coil that needs to be connected to the ground can be adjusted to a value close to the full compensation value. However, in low voltage systems, the A, B, C three-phase distributed capacitances are in most cases unequal, so that no matter what the inductance of the reactor is preset, at least one or two of the phases cannot be nearly fully compensated. Therefore, the ground distribution capacitance compensation of the low-voltage neutral point ungrounded system is mainly realized by adopting a post-shift compensation mode, and the compensation is rarely realized by adopting a reactance coil. Although a coal mine underground power supply system adopts a mode of adding a three-phase reactor and a neutral point reactance coil for coarse compensation (such as the compensation rate of 60%), the compensation effect is completely different when different phases are grounded, and some bad phenomena or even accidents are serious, so the original reactor compensation mode (the compensation rate of about 60%) of the leakage detection relay for the coal mine is cancelled.
Therefore, a ground distributed capacitor current pre-compensation solution aiming at the characteristics of a three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system does not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ground distributed capacitance current pre-compensation method of a low-voltage IT power supply system, which has high reliability, good safety, good practicability and good effect.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a device for implementing the pre-compensation method of the ground distributed capacitance current of the low-voltage IT power supply system.
The invention provides a ground distribution capacitance current pre-compensation method of a low-voltage IT power supply system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring voltage values of three phase lines to the ground and voltage values of three phase lines to a neutral line respectively aiming at a three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system, and calculating corresponding voltage ratios;
s2, capacitors are respectively connected between the three phase lines and the ground in parallel, so that after the capacitors are connected in parallel, the deviation between the voltage ratios of the phase lines is within a set range, and the distributed capacitance values of all phases relative to the ground are the same;
s3, sequentially adding an agitation capacitor between each phase line and the ground, respectively obtaining the voltage values of the phase line to the ground before and after the agitation capacitor is added, and calculating to obtain the distribution capacitance value to the ground when each phase is independently grounded;
s4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the deviation between the earth distribution capacitance values of the phases which are acquired in the step S3 when the phases are independently grounded is within a set range, and calculating to obtain the average value of the three earth distribution capacitances;
s5, connecting a reactance coil between a neutral point and the ground of the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system, and ensuring that the inductance value between the neutral point and the ground is close to full compensation with the grounding capacitance value of each phase; the near full compensation is defined as: after compensation, when any phase in the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system is grounded, the leakage current is in a set range;
s6, in the process of pre-compensating the grounding distribution capacitance current in the steps S1-S5, monitoring the working state of the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system in real time, immediately stopping the split-phase supplementary balance of the grounding distribution capacitance current when the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system has set faults, and simultaneously stopping the comparison and adjustment of corresponding parameters.
Step S1, where the step is directed to a three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system, to obtain voltage values of the three-phase lines to ground and voltage values of the three-phase lines to the neutral line, and calculate a corresponding voltage ratio, specifically, the voltage ratio is calculated by adopting the following steps:
A. obtaining the voltage to earth U of phase line AaeVoltage to earth U of B phase linebeAnd the voltage to ground U of the C phase linece；
B. Obtaining the voltage U of the A phase line to the neutral lineanVoltage U of phase line-B to neutral linebnVoltage U of C phase line to neutral linecn；
C. Calculating voltage ratio of A phase line
Voltage ratio of B phase line
Voltage ratio of C phase line
Step S3, sequentially adding an agitation capacitor between each phase line and ground, obtaining the voltage values of the phase line to ground before and after adding the agitation capacitor, and calculating to obtain the ground distribution capacitance value when each phase is grounded separately, specifically calculating the ground distribution capacitance value by using the following steps:
a. adding a stirring capacitor C between A phase and groundAJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CAJVoltage value U of front a relative to groundaeAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CAJRear A phase-to-ground voltage value U'aeAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the phase A is grounded independently
b. Adding a stirring capacitor C between the phase B and the groundBJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CBJPrevious B voltage value U relative to groundbeAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CBJRear B phase-to-ground voltage value U'beAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the phase B is grounded independently
c. Adding a stirring capacitor C between the phase C and the groundCJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CCJPrevious C phase to ground voltage value UceAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CCJRear B phase-to-ground voltage value U'ceAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the C phase is grounded independently
The set faults in step S6 include phase failure faults, overvoltage faults, undervoltage faults, zero-out faults, faults in which the unbalanced degree of the three-phase voltage exceeds a set threshold, and faults in which any one of the three-phase lines is grounded.
The invention also discloses a device for realizing the pre-compensation method of the grounding distributed capacitance current of the low-voltage IT power supply system, which comprises a power supply monitoring module, a voltage acquisition module, a control module, a driving module, an adjustable reactance module, an adjustable capacitance module and a stirring capacitance module; the power supply monitoring module, the voltage acquisition module and the driving module are all connected with the control module; the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitor module and the stirring capacitor module are all connected with the driving module; the power supply monitoring module is used for monitoring the working state of the low-voltage IT power supply system and uploading the monitoring result to the control module; the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage signals of the low-voltage IT power supply system and uploading the acquisition results to the control module; the control module is used for outputting a control signal to the driving module according to the ground distribution capacitance current pre-compensation method of the low-voltage IT power supply system, so that the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitance module and the stirring capacitance module are driven to work; the driving module is used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and driving the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitor module and the stirring capacitor module to work; the adjustable reactance module is connected between the neutral point and the ground and used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and working, so that the approximate full compensation between the inductance value between the neutral point and the ground and the grounding capacitance value of each phase is ensured; the near full compensation is defined as: after compensation, when any phase in the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system is grounded, the leakage current is in a set range; the adjustable capacitor module is connected between each phase line and the ground and used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and working to ensure that the distributed capacitance values of each phase relative to the ground are the same; the stirring capacitor module is connected between each phase line and the ground, is used for receiving a control signal sent by the control module and working, and is used for assisting the control module to obtain the ground distribution capacitance value when each phase is independently grounded.
The device also comprises a communication module, wherein the communication module is connected with the control module and is used for communicating the device with the outside.
According to the ground distributed capacitance current pre-compensation method and device for the low-voltage IT power supply system, the neutral point is grounded through the adjustable reactor to compensate the ground distributed capacitance of the low-voltage IT power supply system, meanwhile, the ground distributed capacitance split-phase supplementary balance and pre-compensation mode is adopted for the first time, so that the grounding leakage current value of a live wire is reduced, the leakage current flowing into a human body after personnel contact the live wire is ensured to be within a safety range, and the method and device are high in reliability, good in safety, good in practicability and good in effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention: the invention provides a ground distribution capacitance current pre-compensation method of a low-voltage IT power supply system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring voltage values of three phase lines to the ground and voltage values of three phase lines to a neutral line respectively aiming at a three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system, and calculating corresponding voltage ratios; specifically, the voltage ratio is calculated by the following steps:
A. obtaining the voltage to earth U of phase line AaeVoltage to earth U of B phase linebeAnd the voltage to ground U of the C phase linece；
B. Obtaining the voltage U of the A phase line to the neutral lineanVoltage U of phase line-B to neutral linebnVoltage U of C phase line to neutral linecn；
C. Calculating voltage ratio of A phase line
Voltage ratio of B phase line
Voltage ratio of C phase line
Wherein, Ka、KbAnd KcIn the three values, the phase line corresponding to the maximum value has the minimum ground distribution capacitance value, and the phase line corresponding to the minimum value has the maximum ground distribution capacitance value;
s2, capacitors are respectively connected between the three phase lines and the ground in parallel, so that after the capacitors are connected in parallel, the deviation between the voltage ratios of the phase lines is within a set range (such as +/-2.5%), and the distributed capacitance values of all phases relative to the ground are the same;
s3, temporarily adding an agitation capacitor between each phase line and the ground in sequence, respectively obtaining the voltage values of the phase line to the ground before and after the agitation capacitor is added, and calculating to obtain the distribution capacitance value to the ground when each phase is independently grounded; specifically, the method comprises the following steps of calculating a ground distribution capacitance value:
a. adding a stirring capacitor C between A phase and groundAJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CAJVoltage value U of front a relative to groundaeAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CAJRear A phase-to-ground voltage value U'aeAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the phase A is grounded independently
b. Adding a stirring capacitor C between the phase B and the groundBJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CBJPrevious B voltage value U relative to groundbeAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CBJRear B phase-to-ground voltage value U'beAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the phase B is grounded independently
c. Adding a stirring capacitor C between the phase C and the groundCJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CCJPrevious C phase to ground voltage value UceAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CCJRear B phase-to-ground voltage value U'ceAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the C phase is grounded independently
In the implementation, the stirring capacitors of all phases are switched in temporarily, namely, the distributed capacitance value C to the ground when any phase is grounded independently is calculated∑iWhen the two residual phases are not connected with the corresponding stirring capacitors, the value of i is A, B or C; at the same time, only in computing taskDistributed capacitance to ground C when a phase is grounded alone∑iThe stirring capacitor is accessed only when the calculation is finished, and the access of the stirring capacitor is required to be stopped immediately after the calculation is finished;
s4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the deviation between the earth distribution capacitance values of the phases which are acquired in the step S3 when the phases are independently grounded is within a set range, and calculating to obtain the average value of the three earth distribution capacitances;
in specific implementation, the distributed capacitance values to ground C obtained in step S3 when each phase is grounded independently are compared∑A、C∑BAnd C∑CMaximum deviation therebetween: when the maximum deviation exceeds the set range, replenishing balance again and measuring again (namely, repeating the steps S2-S3) until the obtained maximum deviation is within the set range, and then entering the next step;
s5, connecting a reactance coil between a neutral point and the ground of the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system, and ensuring that the inductance value between the neutral point and the ground is close to full compensation with the grounding capacitance value of each phase; the near full compensation is defined as: after compensation, when any phase in the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system is grounded, the leakage current is in a set range;
during specific implementation, a reactance coil is connected between a neutral point and the ground of the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system, and the fact that the inductance value between the neutral point and the ground and the grounding capacitance value of each phase are close to full compensation is guaranteed; the compensated residual value determines the leakage current when any one phase of the three phases is grounded, and the leakage current value is set to be about 5-10 mA;
s6, in the process of pre-compensating the grounding distribution capacitor current in the steps S1-S5, monitoring the working state of the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system in real time, immediately stopping the phase-splitting supplementary balance of the grounding distribution capacitor current when the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system has a set fault, and simultaneously stopping the comparison and adjustment of corresponding parameters; the set faults specifically include phase failure faults, overvoltage faults, undervoltage faults, zero-fault faults, faults that the unbalanced degree of three-phase voltage exceeds a set threshold value, and faults that any one phase of three-phase lines is grounded.
In specific implementation, the control logic of the method of the present invention is shown in fig. 2: when the low-voltage IT power supply system works normally, the method carries out grounding distributed capacitance current pre-compensation according to the processes of the steps S1-S5, and simultaneously monitors the working state of the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system in real time; when the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system works abnormally, the ground distribution capacitor current split-phase supplementary balance is immediately stopped, and meanwhile, the comparison and adjustment of corresponding parameters are stopped.
FIG. 3 shows a functional block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention: the device for realizing the ground distribution capacitance current pre-compensation method of the low-voltage IT power supply system comprises a power supply monitoring module, a voltage acquisition module, a control module, a driving module, an adjustable reactance module, an adjustable capacitance module, a stirring capacitance module and a communication module; the power supply monitoring module, the voltage acquisition module, the communication module and the driving module are all connected with the control module; the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitor module and the stirring capacitor module are all connected with the driving module; the power supply monitoring module is used for monitoring the working state of the low-voltage IT power supply system and uploading the monitoring result to the control module; the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage signals of the low-voltage IT power supply system and uploading the acquisition results to the control module; the control module is used for outputting a control signal to the driving module according to the ground distribution capacitance current pre-compensation method of the low-voltage IT power supply system, so that the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitance module and the stirring capacitance module are driven to work; the driving module is used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and driving the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitor module and the stirring capacitor module to work; the adjustable reactance module is connected between the neutral point and the ground and used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and working, so that the approximate full compensation between the inductance value between the neutral point and the ground and the grounding capacitance value of each phase is ensured; the near full compensation is defined as: after compensation, when any phase in the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system is grounded, the leakage current is in a set range; the adjustable capacitor module is connected between each phase line and the ground and used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and working to ensure that the distributed capacitance values of each phase relative to the ground are the same; the stirring capacitor module is connected between each phase line and the ground, is used for receiving a control signal sent by the control module and working, and is used for assisting the control module to obtain a ground distribution capacitance value when each phase is independently grounded; the communication module is used for the device to communicate with the outside.
Claims (6)
1. A ground distribution capacitance current pre-compensation method of a low-voltage IT power supply system comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring voltage values of three phase lines to the ground and voltage values of three phase lines to a neutral line respectively aiming at a three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system, and calculating corresponding voltage ratios;
s2, capacitors are respectively connected between the three phase lines and the ground in parallel, so that after the capacitors are connected in parallel, the deviation between the voltage ratios of the phase lines is within a set range, and the distributed capacitance values of all phases relative to the ground are the same;
s3, sequentially adding an agitation capacitor between each phase line and the ground, respectively obtaining the voltage values of the phase line to the ground before and after the agitation capacitor is added, and calculating to obtain the distribution capacitance value to the ground when each phase is independently grounded;
s4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the deviation between the earth distribution capacitance values of the phases which are acquired in the step S3 when the phases are independently grounded is within a set range, and calculating to obtain the average value of the three earth distribution capacitances;
s5, connecting a reactance coil between a neutral point and the ground of the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system, and ensuring that the inductance value between the neutral point and the ground is close to full compensation with the grounding capacitance value of each phase; the near full compensation is defined as: after compensation, when any phase in the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system is grounded, the leakage current is in a set range;
s6, in the process of pre-compensating the grounding distribution capacitance current in the steps S1-S5, monitoring the working state of the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system in real time, immediately stopping the phase-splitting supplementary balance of the grounding distribution capacitance current when the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system has set faults, and simultaneously stopping the comparison and adjustment of corresponding parameters.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is implemented by obtaining voltages of three phase lines to ground and voltages of three phase lines to neutral, and calculating a corresponding voltage ratio, specifically by using the following steps:
A. obtaining the voltage to earth U of phase line AaeVoltage to earth U of B phase linebeAnd the voltage to ground U of the C phase linece；
B. Obtaining the voltage U of the A phase line to the neutral lineanVoltage U of phase line-B to neutral linebnVoltage U of C phase line to neutral linecn；
C. Calculating voltage ratio of A phase line
Voltage ratio of B phase line
Voltage ratio of C phase line
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step S3 is to sequentially add an agitation capacitor between each phase line and ground, obtain the voltage values of the phase line to ground before and after adding the agitation capacitor, and calculate the distribution capacitance value to ground when each phase is grounded separately, specifically, calculate the distribution capacitance value to ground by using the following steps:
a. adding a stirring capacitor C between A phase and groundAJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CAJVoltage value U of front a relative to groundaeAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CAJRear A phase-to-ground voltage value U'aeAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the phase A is grounded independently
b. Adding a stirring capacitor C between the phase B and the groundBJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CBJPrevious B voltage value U relative to groundbeAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CBJRear B phase-to-ground voltage value U'beAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the phase B is grounded independently
c. Adding a stirring capacitor C between the phase C and the groundCJObtaining an increased stirring capacitance CCJPrevious C phase to ground voltage value UceAnd increasing the stirring capacitance CCJRear B phase-to-ground voltage value U'ceAnd calculating the distributed capacitance value to the ground when the C phase is grounded independently
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined faults in step S6 include phase failure, overvoltage, undervoltage, zero-fault, unbalance of three-phase voltage exceeding a predetermined threshold, and grounding fault of any one of the three-phase lines.
5. An apparatus for implementing the ground distributed capacitance current pre-compensation method of the low-voltage IT power supply system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising a power supply monitoring module, a voltage acquisition module, a control module, a driving module, an adjustable reactance module, an adjustable capacitance module and a stirring capacitance module; the power supply monitoring module, the voltage acquisition module and the driving module are all connected with the control module; the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitor module and the stirring capacitor module are all connected with the driving module; the power supply monitoring module is used for monitoring the working state of the low-voltage IT power supply system and uploading the monitoring result to the control module; the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage signals of the low-voltage IT power supply system and uploading the acquisition results to the control module; the control module is used for outputting a control signal to the driving module according to the ground distribution capacitance current pre-compensation method of the low-voltage IT power supply system, so that the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitance module and the stirring capacitance module are driven to work; the driving module is used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and driving the adjustable reactance module, the adjustable capacitor module and the stirring capacitor module to work; the adjustable reactance module is connected between the neutral point and the ground and used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and working, so that the approximate full compensation between the inductance value between the neutral point and the ground and the grounding capacitance value of each phase is ensured; the near full compensation is defined as: after compensation, when any phase in the three-phase low-voltage IT power supply system is grounded, the leakage current is in a set range; the adjustable capacitor module is connected between each phase line and the ground and used for receiving the control signal sent by the control module and working to ensure that the distributed capacitance values of each phase relative to the ground are the same; the stirring capacitor module is connected between each phase line and the ground, is used for receiving a control signal sent by the control module and working, and is used for assisting the control module to obtain the ground distribution capacitance value when each phase is independently grounded.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a communication module; the communication module is connected with the control module and is used for communicating the device with the outside.
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- 2021-05-11 CN CN202110510711.3A patent/CN113162013A/en active Pending
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| WO2006042482A2 (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-04-27 | Frantisek Zak | Wiring diagram for watt and blind current component compensation in the earth fault point and phase-to-ground voltage equalization under failure-free network condition |
| CN1767294A (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2006-05-03 | 傅桂兴 | Earthing compensation process for mine low-voltage electricity grid selective leakage protection system |
| CN104638630A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Active compensation method for power grid grounding capacitance current |
| CN110943443A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-31 | 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 | Power distribution network arc extinction method based on capacitance compensation |
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