CN104636554A - Novel design method of intelligent alternating-current and direct-current electromagnetic apparatus - Google Patents
Novel design method of intelligent alternating-current and direct-current electromagnetic apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel design method of an intelligent alternating-current and direct-current electromagnetic apparatus. An open type background database including electromagnetic systems and contact systems of different structures, shapes and materials is set up, counter force systems and the contact systems are designed according to the needs of on-off currents for counter force and the shape of contacts, the electromagnetic systems meeting the needs are designed according to the counter force systems, and multi-physic-field coupling simulation analysis and structural optimization design are carried out; through multi-software united calling, a multi-physic-field coupling relation between an electric electronic circuit and an electromagnetic apparatus body is introduced into dynamic calculation, and unit time step length closed-loop simulation of a nonlinear time domain of an intelligent control module and the apparatus body is carried out; an arc magnetic fluid kinetic model is built, arc motion conditions under different breaking control schemes are analyzed by combining a dynamic grid technology according to the motion track of the contacts, meanwhile, a breaking process arc equivalent model is obtained according to the arc parameter distribution conditions under different contact strokes at different moments, and arc energy is analyzed. An integrated simulation system with process control and a multi-field coupling electromagnetic apparatus virtual prototype is really built.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance new design method.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of intelligent grid, the Intelligent Process of electromagnetic appliance obtains to be paid attention to widely, and the method for designing of traditional electrical equipment and design concept cannot meet the design requirement of intelligent electromagnetic device product far away.Intelligent electric appliance is by several ingredients such as electromagnetic mechanism, contact system, link gear, intelligent control modules, in intelligent control module, contain again control chip, hardware circuit and software controlling strategies part, therefore, the body construction of simple design electromagnetic appliance, cannot reach the design object of global optimization.The distributivity in magnetic field, non-linear, divided magnetic ring, magnetic hysteresis eddy current and air-gap permeance the existence of magnetic circuit add the complicacy of electromagnetic appliance dynamic process.Traditional design method is based on Experience Design and development test, and the construction cycle is long, is difficult to meet the need of market.Along with the development of computer technology, Virtual Simulation and dynamic optimization design technology are that the virtual design of electromagnetic appliance injects new vitality.Document [1] establishes Series AC Contactor magnetic circuit calculation and optimization design system, can change structure size, analyzes contactor dynamic perfromance, for product design and exploitation provide foundation; Document [2] first carries out three-dimensional magnetic field emulation, then sets up equivalent magnetic circuit model of permanent magnetic relay according to the distribution of magnetic induction density, improves pull characteristics computational accuracy; Document [3] couple electromagnetic field equation, mechanical motion equation, circuit equation, develop contactor digital integrated design software, realize the simulation calculation of contactor dynamic perfromance; Document [4] adopts Virtual Prototype Technique to set up Electromagnetic System of Contactor model, mechanical system model, electromechanical Coupling Model, in unit simulation step length, by control software design Matlab/Simulink, electromagnetic attraction is passed to dynamics analysis software Adams, the kinetic parameters that Adams tries to achieve is fed back to Matlab/Simulink, for virtual Prototype provides conveniently means simultaneously; High frequency closed loop wave chopping technology, digital control technology are introduced the dynamic Whole Process Control of contactor by document [5], greatly reduce collision energy that is unshakable in one's determination and contact; In the overall process dynamic optimization design that the intelligent algorithms such as ant group algorithm, artificial neural network, particle cluster algorithm are incorporated electrical equipment by document [6-8] and Based Intelligent Control, optimize electromagnetic system structure, prediction dynamic process key parameters, seek closed and breaking course optimal control parameter, improve the overall performance of electromagnetic appliance.
As mentioned above, numerous scholars never research and develop electrical equipment with the emulation technology of ambit, thus more fully can understand the duty of electrical equipment.Multiple fields such as the design of electrical equipment is contained electrically, machinery, control, communication, the theory related to mainly contains Electric contact theory, electric arc theory, heating, electric power is theoretical, electromagnetic structure is theoretical.In recent years, along with the proposition of intelligent grid, intelligent electric appliance also becomes the focus of people's research.Obviously, the design of Simulation of single subject is only relied on to can not meet the demand of Intelligent Electrical Apparatus Virtual Design.But in the past to the exploitation of the intelligent electromagnetic device with electronic module, most disengaging electrical equipment body carries out the design of Simulation of electronic circuit and control program, electromagnetic system is equivalent to constant resistance sense load in series in circuit, again by the electromagnetic appliance dynamic perfromance under the effect of great many of experiments test Based Intelligent Control, analysis and Control scheme.This Design Mode limits the further application of Virtual Design technology at intelligent electromagnetic device.Low voltage electromagnetic electrical equipment is carried out to the emulation of three-dimensional many-body dynamics, can the course of work of direct vision moving component and state change, collision especially unshakable in one's determination, contact vibration, disclose the relation not in the same time between each parameter.Intelligent control module, to the divide-shut brake performance improving electrical equipment, reduces the aspects such as the material-saving of the sticking power consumption of coil, noise and electrical equipment body and has played vital role.If by both associative simulations, for its structural design, specificity analysis, control strategy provide theoretical direction, to the shortening electrical equipment construction cycle, cost can be reduced, strengthens product competitiveness, improve overall performance index significant.
List of references:
[1] Wang Shuni, Xu Zhihong. A.C. contactor specificity analysis [J]. University of Fuzhou's journal: natural science edition, 2014 (1): 90-97.
[2] Liang Huimin, by good glad, Ye Xuerong, etc. based on the foundation [J] containing equivalent magnetic circuit model of permanent magnetic relay of three-dimensional magnetic field simulation analysis. electrotechnics journal, 2011,26 (1): 46-50.
[3] Peng Xiang, flourish life wise man, Wu Yi, etc. the exploitation [J] of A.C. contactor digital integrated design software. low-voltage electrical apparatus, 2013 (19): 1-4.
[4] Zhou Zhikai, Ren Wanbin, Yang Wenying, etc. based on the simulation study [J] of the high-power direct current contactor dynamic perfromance of Virtual Prototype Technique. low-voltage electrical apparatus, 2012, (15): 12-15,20.
[5]Xu Z,Tang L.Digital Closed Loop Control Technology for the AC Contactors[C].ICEC 2014;The 27th International Conference on Electrical Contacts;Proceedings of.VDE,2014:1-4.
[6]Duan Y,Ionel D M. A review of recent developments in electrical machine design optimization methods with a permanent-magnet synchronous motor benchmark study[J].Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on,2013,49(3):1268-1275.
[7] Cao Yundong, Liu Xiaoming, Liu Dong, etc. dynamic neural network method and the research in multivariate electric apparatus optimization [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2006,26 (8): 112-116.
[8]Espinosa A G, Ruiz J R R, Rosero J, et al.Dynamic characterization and position estimation of electromechanical contactors[C]//Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings,2008.IMTC 2008.IEEE.IEEE, 2008: 1873-1878.。
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance new design method truly realizing band process control and multi-scenarios method, greatly shorten the design cycle of intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance new design method, comprises the steps,
S1: according to the requirement of system to switch, start background data base, carry out the type selecting of intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance, comprise electromagnetic system type selecting, contact system type selecting, described background data base comprises the first database storing electronic module related data, the second database storing various electromagnetic system related data and stores the 3rd database of contact system related data;
S2: after selecting type scheme is determined, carries out electromagnetic system parameter, contact system optimum configurations;
S3: static characteristics and the dynamic perfromance of carrying out electromagnetic system calculate, and draw the relevant featuring parameters of electromagnetic system thus;
S4: adopt hot road computing method to calculate the operation temperature rise situation in contact loop, meanwhile, the electrodynamical stability of model machine calculated and verifies, analyzing the ruuning situation of contact system thus;
S5: the electromagnetic system obtained according to step S3 and S4 and the relevant featuring parameters of contact system, carries out overall performance index analysis, if analysis result meets the demands, determines product model machine parameter, and perform step S6; Otherwise, return step S2, carry out resetting of parameter, until meet the demands;
S6: provide an electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module, this module comprises three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module, according to product model machine parameter, carries out overall design of Simulation by described three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module;
S7: set up electromagnetic system 3 d structure model by mechanical kinetics finite element modeling method, and calculate different coil current by institute's established model
i, different displacement unshakable in one's determination
xtime, the magnetic linkage value in electromagnetic attraction, magnetic circuit in counter-force and magnetic circuit, sets up electromagnetic attraction array
f x (x, i), electromagnetic system counter-force array
f f (x)with magnetic circuit magnetic linkage array
Ψ (x, i)two-dimensional static form;
S8 a: electronic control module is provided, this electronic control module comprises excitation control circuit and PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy module; Setting unit interval simulation step length, provides busbar voltage through rectification after by described excitation control circuit to described electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module in each time step
u coil ;
S9: according to the magnetic linkage of last time step
Ψwith displacement unshakable in one's determination
xthe coil current of current time step is obtained respectively through interpolation of tabling look-up
iand electromagnetic attraction
f x ,according to the displacement unshakable in one's determination of last time step
xthe electromagnetic system counter-force of current time step is obtained through interpolation of tabling look-up
f f , by the magnetic linkage of last time step
Ψand coil current
iobtain the coil inductance of current time step
l;
S10: in each time step, coil inductance
lpass to described electronic control module as coil variable load, electromagnetic attraction
f x with electromagnetic system counter-force
f f pass to described three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module, and export kinematic system displacement
xand speed
v;
S11: according to calculating gained coil current
icontrast with the electric current designed by described PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy module, change dutycycle
trig, thus change coil excitation voltage, realize optimizing process control;
S12: return S8, until reach the emulation end time of setting, the unit interval simulation step length that dynamic change step S8 sets, realize further becoming more meticulous optimal design, set different Coilreference current value according to simulation time respectively from the adhesive designed by described PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy module, sticking, disjunction moment;
S13: a contact load operating analysis module is provided, this contact load operating analysis module comprises magnetohydrodynamics computing module; Calculated by described three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module and obtain contact movement locus, in conjunction with dynamic grid technology, by magnetohydrodynamics computing module obtain not in the same time, different contact travel time arc parameters change and distribution situation, set up breaking course electric arc equivalent model, analyze arc characteristic in electromagnetic appliance operational process;
S14: the band Based Intelligent Control optimal design module that one and background data base two-way communication are provided, the result of calculation of electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module and contact load operating analysis module is substituted into the optimal design module of this band Based Intelligent Control, be optimized and calculate and analyze.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described electronic control module also comprises electromagnetic compatibility specificity analysis and expanding function module, the specificity analysis of control circuit can be carried out, specifically comprise the specificity analysis of ac operation, DC operation, transient state situation, and the Fourier analysis of harmonic wave and noise Frequency Response are analyzed.
Compared to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) according to practical application system requirements, counter-force needed for estimation dropout current grade, temperature rise etc., select counter force system and contact system, the electromagnetic system met the demands according to the size design of counter-force again and link gear, union virtual emulation, intelligent control scheme and optimal design are integrated, and adopt the method on " road " to obtain the scope of optimized variable, within the scope of this, find optimum solution by the method for " field ", find optimum structure parameter and controling parameters under this control program." field " computing method precision is higher, but length consuming time, and " road " computing method computing velocity is fast, but the parameter that computation process simplifies is more, has certain influence to computational accuracy, in conjunction with both relative merits, greatly can shorten the design cycle;
(2) open background data base is set up, the electromagnetic system of different structure and difform contact system is included in database, and conventional electrical material, carry out structural adjustment in the convenient structural parameters type selecting at the design initial stage and optimizing process, this database and optimal design module are bi-directionally connected;
(3) in whole dynamic process, consider the coupling constraint relation of multiple physical field, electronic control module SPICE model, Intelligent Control Strategy are introduced in the three-dimensional body Dynamics Simulation calculating of electromagnetic appliance, can electrical contact and three-dimensional motion situation unshakable in one's determination under direct vision intelligent control scheme, the application of this in-circuit emulation makes Virtual Design technology obtain further genralrlization at intelligent electromagnetic device;
(4) obtain contact breaking speed under band Based Intelligent Control by above-mentioned integrative simulation result, then obtain arc parameters distribution situation under this speed in conjunction with switching arc MHD model, set up electric arc equivalent model, analyze arc energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance method for designing FB(flow block) of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is mechanical kinetics finite element modeling process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is specifically described.
A kind of intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance method for designing of the present invention: (1) is set up containing different structure, shape, the electromagnetic system of material and the open background data base of contact system, according to dropout current size to the Demand Design counter force system of counter-force and contact shape and contact system, again according to the electromagnetic system that counter force system design meets the demands, and carry out the simulation analysis of multiple physical field coupling and the optimal design of structure, (2) electromechanical integration of intelligent electromagnetic device coordinates emulation mode, combining of many software is utilized to call, give full play to respective advantage, by the SPICE model emulation of three-dimensional for electrical equipment body Dynamics Simulation and electronic control module, the software controlling strategies simulation of programmable chip merges, multiple physical field coupled relation between Power Electronic Circuit and electromagnetic appliance body is incorporated in dynamic calculation, carry out the unit interval step-length closed-loop simulation of intelligent control module and electrical equipment body nonlinear time-domain, truly realize the structure of the integrated simulation system of the electromagnetic appliance virtual prototype of band process control and multi-scenarios method, (3) set up electric arc MHD model, the contact movement locus obtained by three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation model, in conjunction with dynamic grid technology, analyze arc motion situation under different disjunction control program.Basis is not in the same time simultaneously, and under different contact travel, arc parameters distribution situation obtains breaking course electric arc equivalent model, analyzes arc energy.
As shown in Figure 1, intelligent its specific implementation step of alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance method for designing of the present invention is as follows:
(1) first according to the requirement of system to switch, start background data base, carry out rational type selecting, database 1 is the related data of electronic module, and database 2 is the related data of different electromagnetic system, and database 3 is the related data of contact system;
(2) after selecting type scheme is determined, start to enter parameter setting module, host computer has the management system of friendly interface, in systems in which, can arrange key parameter easily, as: contact system spring parameter, initial pressure, end pressure, stroke, open apart from etc.; The iron core, counter-force, sectional area etc. of electromagnetic system; The parameter such as the number of turn, wire diameter of magnetizing coil;
(3) enter magnetic circuit computing module, the static characteristics of electromagnetic system can be carried out by magnetic circuit computing module and dynamic perfromance calculates, draw the relevant featuring parameters of electromagnetic system thus;
(4) enter hot road computing module, adopt hot road computing method to calculate the operation temperature rise situation in contact loop, meanwhile, this module also calculates the electrodynamical stability of model machine and verifies, analyzes the ruuning situation of contact system thus;
(5) by the parameter of magnetic circuit computing module and Re Lu computing module, be aggregated in specificity analysis module, carry out overall performance index analysis, if analysis result meets the demands, enter the determination module of product model machine, if do not met the demands, return parameters setting module, carry out redefining of parameter, until meet the demands;
(6) by meeting the product model machine parameter of magnetic circuit and Re Lu calculating, being input to electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module, carrying out the overall design of Simulation become more meticulous;
(7) set up electromagnetic system 3 d structure model, mechanical kinetics finite element modeling flow process is shown in Fig. 2.Different coil current is calculated by institute's established model
i, different displacement unshakable in one's determination
xtime, the magnetic linkage value in electromagnetic attraction, magnetic circuit in counter-force and magnetic circuit, sets up electromagnetic attraction array
f x (x, i), electromagnetic system counter-force array
f f (x)with magnetic circuit magnetic linkage array
Ψ (x, i)two-dimensional static form;
(8) set unit interval simulation step length, in each time step, provide the busbar voltage after rectification by electronic control module (this electronic control module comprises excitation control circuit and PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy module) to electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module
u coil ;
(9) coil current now
iwith electromagnetic attraction
f x the magnetic linkage calculated by last time step
Ψwith displacement unshakable in one's determination
xobtain through interpolation of tabling look-up respectively, electromagnetic system counter-force
f f by the displacement unshakable in one's determination of the last time step of previous step
xthrough tabling look-up, interpolation obtains, coil inductance
lby the magnetic linkage of last time step
Ψand electric current
iobtain;
(10) in each time step, coil inductance
lpass to electronic control module as coil variable load, electromagnetic attraction
f x and counter-force
f f pass to three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module, and export kinematic system displacement
xand speed
vdeng parameter;
(11) according to calculating gained electric current
icontrast with the electric current designed by PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy, change dutycycle
trigvalue, thus change coil excitation voltage, realize optimizing process control;
(12) step (8) is returned, until reach the emulation end time of setting, dynamic change time step, realize further becoming more meticulous optimal design, as increased sticking phases-time step-length, then computing time can be shortened, in adhesive end stage and disjunction starting stage, then can reduce time step, improve the simulation accuracy in unshakable in one's determination, contact adhesive moment and disjunction moment; Different Coilreference current value is set respectively from the adhesive designed by described PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy module, sticking, disjunction moment according to simulation time
(13) gained contact movement locus is calculated by three-dimensional many-body dynamics module, (this magnetohydrodynamics computing module is arranged in a contact load operating analysis module to pass through set up magnetohydrodynamics computing module, described contact load operating analysis module also comprises temperature rise computing module and electrodynamic repulsion force computing module), in conjunction with dynamic grid technology, according to not in the same time, different contact travel time arc parameters change and distribution situation, set up electric arc equivalent model, analyze arc characteristic in electromagnetic appliance operational process;
(14) result of calculation of electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module and contact load operating analysis module substitutes into the optimal design module of band Based Intelligent Control, pass through set up Optimized Program, be optimized and calculate and analyze, it is the state of two-way communication between this optimal design module and database, can continuous supplementary data storehouse parameter, the parameter of design also can be extracted easily from database;
(15) electronic control module also has electromagnetic compatibility specificity analysis and expanding function module, the specificity analysis of control circuit can be carried out, as: the specificity analysis of ac operation, DC operation, transient state situation, the Fourier analysis of harmonic wave can also be carried out, and noise Frequency Response is analyzed.
Be more than preferred embodiment of the present invention, all changes done according to technical solution of the present invention, when the function produced does not exceed the scope of technical solution of the present invention, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. an intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance new design method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps,
S1: according to the requirement of system to switch, start background data base, carry out the type selecting of intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance, comprise electromagnetic system type selecting, contact system type selecting, described background data base comprises the first database storing electronic module related data, the second database storing various electromagnetic system related data and stores the 3rd database of contact system related data;
S2: after selecting type scheme is determined, carries out electromagnetic system parameter, contact system optimum configurations;
S3: static characteristics and the dynamic perfromance of carrying out electromagnetic system calculate, and draw the relevant featuring parameters of electromagnetic system thus;
S4: adopt hot road computing method to calculate the operation temperature rise situation in contact loop, meanwhile, the electrodynamical stability of model machine calculated and verifies, analyzing the ruuning situation of contact system thus;
S5: the electromagnetic system obtained according to step S3 and S4 and the relevant featuring parameters of contact system, carries out overall performance index analysis, if analysis result meets the demands, determines product model machine parameter, and perform step S6; Otherwise, return step S2, carry out resetting of parameter, until meet the demands;
S6: provide an electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module, this module comprises three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module, according to product model machine parameter, carries out overall design of Simulation by described three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module;
S7: set up electromagnetic system 3 d structure model by mechanical kinetics finite element modeling method, and calculate different coil current by institute's established model
i, different displacement unshakable in one's determination
xtime, the magnetic linkage value in electromagnetic attraction, magnetic circuit in counter-force and magnetic circuit, sets up electromagnetic attraction array
f x (x, i), electromagnetic system counter-force array
f f (x)with magnetic circuit magnetic linkage array
Ψ (x, i)two-dimensional static form;
S8 a: electronic control module is provided, this electronic control module comprises excitation control circuit and PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy module; Setting unit interval simulation step length, provides busbar voltage through rectification after by described excitation control circuit to described electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module in each time step
u coil ;
S9: according to the magnetic linkage of last time step
Ψwith displacement unshakable in one's determination
xthe coil current of current time step is obtained respectively through interpolation of tabling look-up
iand electromagnetic attraction
f x ,according to the displacement unshakable in one's determination of last time step
xthe electromagnetic system counter-force of current time step is obtained through interpolation of tabling look-up
f f , by the magnetic linkage of last time step
Ψand coil current
iobtain the coil inductance of current time step
l;
S10: in each time step, coil inductance
lpass to described electronic control module as coil variable load, electromagnetic attraction
f x with electromagnetic system counter-force
f f pass to described three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module, and export kinematic system displacement
xand speed
v;
S11: according to calculating gained coil current
icontrast with the electric current designed by described PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy module, change dutycycle
trig, thus change coil excitation voltage, realize optimizing process control;
S12: return S8, until reach the emulation end time of setting, the unit interval simulation step length that dynamic change step S8 sets, realize further becoming more meticulous optimal design, set different Coilreference current value according to simulation time respectively from the adhesive designed by described PWM Closed-loop Control Strategy module, sticking, disjunction moment;
S13: a contact load operating analysis module is provided, this contact load operating analysis module comprises magnetohydrodynamics computing module; Calculated by described three-dimensional Dynamics Simulation module and obtain contact movement locus, in conjunction with dynamic grid technology, by magnetohydrodynamics computing module obtain not in the same time, different contact travel time arc parameters change and distribution situation, set up breaking course electric arc equivalent model, analyze arc characteristic in electromagnetic appliance operational process;
S14: the band Based Intelligent Control optimal design module that one and background data base two-way communication are provided, the result of calculation of electrical equipment body Three-Dimensional Dynamic computing module and contact load operating analysis module is substituted into the optimal design module of this band Based Intelligent Control, be optimized and calculate and analyze.
2. intelligent alternating current-direct current electromagnetic appliance new design method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described electronic control module also comprises electromagnetic compatibility specificity analysis and expanding function module, the specificity analysis of control circuit can be carried out, specifically comprise the specificity analysis of ac operation, DC operation, transient state situation, and the Fourier analysis of harmonic wave and noise Frequency Response are analyzed.
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