CN104633675B - Discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system - Google Patents
Discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104633675B CN104633675B CN201510062743.6A CN201510062743A CN104633675B CN 104633675 B CN104633675 B CN 104633675B CN 201510062743 A CN201510062743 A CN 201510062743A CN 104633675 B CN104633675 B CN 104633675B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Abstract
Discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system, reclaims and smoke eliminator, recovery heat generating device and electric automatization control device including pretreatment unit, alkalization incinerator, many metals and oxide；Pretreatment unit is connected with alkalization incinerator, alkalization incinerator reclaims with many metals and oxide and smoke eliminator and reclaim heat generating device and be connected respectively, and electric automatization control device is connected with pretreatment unit, the incinerator that alkalizes, many metals and oxide recovery and smoke eliminator, recovery heat generating device respectively.Present invention process device is relatively easy and processes precisely, invests less, runs power consumption low, and the useless treatment operating costs of profit is low；Utilize this device resource to be made full use of, non-secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system.
Background technology
Along with the development of electronic technology, a large amount of household electrical appliance are regenerated and are upgraded, and waste electrical equipment circuit board increases with the high speed of average annual about 18%, become fastest-rising rubbish in the world today, especially waste printed circuit board, because of its complicated, deals with improperly and will cause the infringement being difficult to recover to environment.
Useless circuit board mainly has useless copper-clad plate (CCL), waste printed circuit board (PCB), waste printed circuit board.Wherein, copper-clad plate is the raw material producing printed substrate, is mainly made up of substrate, Copper Foil, binding agent；The main material of substrate is synthetic resin and reinforcing material, and synthetic resin mainly has phenolic resin, epoxy resin, politef etc., and reinforcing material typically has papery and cloth two kinds.Useless copper-clad plate is during producing copper-clad plate, the defect ware of generation, leftover pieces, owing to copper-clad plate surface has the Copper Foil of compacting to present yellow, and the most yellow plate.Useless copper-clad plate copper content differs, mass fraction low about 15%, high up to more than 70%.
Waste printed circuit board is of a great variety, can be divided into paper base plate, glass cloth substrate and pressboard by insulant；Phenolic resin, epoxy resin and the polyester etc. containing fire retardant (mainly halogen flame) can be divided into by bonding agent resin；Single sided board, dual platen, multi-layer sheet and soft printed panel can be divided into by structure；Universal and special type can be divided into by purposes.Circuit board is mainly made up of substrate, each quasi-resistance (fixed carbon resister, metalfilmresistor, oxidized metal membrane resistance, wire wound resistor and arrangement resistance), electric capacity and transistor, integrated circuit, blaster fuse frame material, encapsulating material and lead material.If the high-end Electron Equipment Circuit Boards such as common computer are substantially glass fabric of epoxy resin base double side printed wiring board, wherein one side is inserting element, and another side is component pins solder side.Waste printed circuit board is during producing printed substrate, and the defect ware of generation, because printed substrate is green, is therefore also called green plate.When making printed substrate, a part of copper has been corroded, and therefore, the copper content of printed substrate is lower than copper-clad plate.
The comparison of ingredients of waste printed circuit board is complicated, in addition to printed substrate, possibly together with integrated circuit and various electronic devices and components, it is mainly composed of the noble metal of the trace such as silicon dioxide, Copper Foil, lead, stannum, ferrum, additionally also having the organic substances such as plastics, resin, paint, therefore intractability is bigger than useless copper-clad plate, waste printed circuit board.
Hydrocarbon composition in useless circuit board is the most considerably complicated, and the matrix resin of traditional printing wiring board mainly has phenolic resin (PF) and epoxy resin (EP).At present, the matrix resin of high performance print wiring board mainly has politef (PTFE), polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and Noryl (MPP0), cyanate resin cured (CE), BT resin, polyimides (PI) and other thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, if epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester (UP), phenolic resin, amino resins are all the primary raw materials of duroplastic moulding materials.The recovery difficult of these Hydrocarbon is the biggest.
At present, the recovery and treatment method of waste and old circuit board typically uses physics and chemical recovery two class method.
Physiochemical mutagens is that discarded circuit board first carries out Mechanical Crushing, sorting, then by metal and the nonmetal physical separation that carries out, and reclaiming product, also it is Mechanical Crushing-physical partition method.
Mechanical Crushing-physical partition method is divided into dry and wet two kinds.
Dry method: first wasted board border material is ground into the particle of 100～300 μm, then with cyclonic separation by metal and nonmetal separately.Metal can directly utilize, and the most nonmetal employings fill or heap temporary mode and dispose.But the method is in addition to the high energy consumption in processing procedure and pollution, the nonmetallic materials volume several times bigger than former Waste volume of generation, as do not utilized as resource, its landfill and heap all need to take bigger land area, run off and then can cause environmental pollution.When utilizing the useless circuit board processing system corresponding to this type of method to process useless circuit board, equipment investment is big, runs power consumption high, and environmental pollution is serious.
Wet method: use wet crushing, is crushed to the particle diameter particle less than 3mm by wasted board border material, then by metal and nonmetal separation in the way of washing shaking table.The method will not produce dust pollution in crushing process, the ratio low cost of dry method, but the Non-metallic components obtained contains moisture, fills or recycles and is required for carrying out subsequent treatment, the problem that simultaneously there is also sewage disposal.When utilizing the useless circuit board processing system corresponding to this type of method to process useless circuit board, environmental pollution is serious.
Chemical recovery mainly has the methods such as the recovery of hydrometallurgical recovery, thermal cracking, solvent recovery, i.e. utilizes chemical method that printed substrate is resolved into micromolecular compound or low-molecular-weight resin etc..It addition, chemical recovery also includes that the non-metallic debris utilizing waste printed circuit board, as filler, is used for preparing composite, it is achieved regenerated resourcesization utilize.
Hydrometallurgical recovery can be dissolved in the feature of nitric acid, chloroazotic acid and other caustic acids mainly by noble metal, it is removed from electronic waste and is reclaimed from liquid phase.Its shortcoming is to consume substantial amounts of strong acid, relatively costly, and produces serious secondary pollution.When utilizing the useless circuit board processing system corresponding to this type of method to process useless circuit board, large-scale acid-resistant system need to be used, relatively costly, environmental pollution is serious.
It is under anaerobic environment that thermal cracking reclaims, and in the sealing container of High Temperature High Pressure, high-temperature low-pressure or normal pressure, makes organic material decomposition be transformed into oil gas and utilizes.In each component materials that organic substance cracking produces, isolated state metal etc. can be separated and recovered by magnetic separation, vortex flow etc., and the high concentration induced by alkyl hydroxybenzene material in liquid distillate pyrolysis oil can be as industrial chemicals, and residual oil can also be as fuel.Pyrolytic process strictly can be controlled the formation of harmful substance two English by suppression method and two-stage method；In the volatilization gas that cracking produces, condensable part condensed become oil, can not can being fully used as fuel after treatment of condensation portion.In printed substrate, fire retardant contains substantial amounts of bromide and organochlorine etc., and pyrolytic process part bromide escapes in gaseous form, easily causes air pollution after pyrolysis processing.The shortcoming that thermal cracking reclaims is higher to incinerator and prevention and cure of air pollution facility requirements or is difficult to process, and it is high to process power consumption, and operating cost is high.When utilizing the useless circuit board processing system corresponding to this type of method to process useless circuit board, power consumption is big, operating cost is high, there is secondary pollution.
In the research application of solvent recovery, the Liu Yuyan of Harbin Institute of Technology etc. carry out recovery for reaction medium to glass fiber/epoxy composite material with salpeter solution, glass fibre is kept completely separate simply and effectively with resin matrix, 100% degraded of composite can be realized, obtain smooth surface, there is no the glass fibre of resin bed.In addition the experiment of the bisphenol f type epoxy resin chemical recovery recycling solidified by amine curing agent was once done by Japan.The shortcoming of solvent recovery is the economy still not having commercial Application, there is secondary pollution and process difficult problem in running.When utilizing the useless circuit board processing system corresponding to this type of method to process useless circuit board, environmental pollution is serious.
Now, the resource recycling of the electron wastes such as waste printed circuit board, have become as and be related to China's economy, the new problem that society and environment sustainable development and China's utilization of the recycling of renewable resources face, " printed substrate recycles and innoxious process for treating " lists the comprehensive utilization of resources key technology country great industrial technology exploitation special project that National Development and Reform Committee organizes and implements for 2004 already in, the FXS waste electron wiring board recycling complete set of equipments of one of country's waste household appliances and electronic product recycling System Construction pilot provinces and cities Zhejiang Province Fengli smash equipment Co., Ltd's research and development, also within 25th, provincial-level appraisal is passed through in Hangzhou in December in 2004.Its physical recovering method technique: old circuit board → strength is broken → magnetic separation → in broken → pulverizing → ultra micro classification → high-pressure electrostatic separation → finished product；" waste and old circuit board comprehensive utilization " complete set of equipments and the technology of Hunan Vary Sci-Tech Co., Ltd.'s exploitation also has a system advantage of two aspects: one be the separation equipment of this system be the copper and other rare precious metals using current the most state-of-the-art " complete physical technique " to come in retrieving circuit board, process and sorting process through special installation, metal can be realized efficiently separate with nonmetallic, two be consider solution waste printed circuit board (
The comprehensive applying problems of the nonmetal powder during PCB) plate reclaims.BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics's closed matereial cycle engineering experiment room also study make by the way of physics electronic devices and components separate with PCB substrate realize discarded circuit board entirety resource reclaim comprehensive utilization, and with Beijing Zhonghang Sirui Science & Technology Co., Ltd.'s hand-in-glove, the lossless recycling equipment of disassembling of printed substrate developed considers electronic product shape to be dismantled, the complexity of parts, especially for the separating treatment of part noxious substance.But because of its pulverizing high energy consumption and Pollution treatment installation, these achievements require that higher and secondary pollution problem etc. have impact on its popularization and application.
To be objective, recent year colleges and universities and research unit from different angles, use different methods, carry out the research work of substantial amounts of waste printed circuit board resource, the recovery using mechanical approach to realize metal enrichment as above, the method using pyrogenic process or hydrometallurgy comprehensively purifies, also have other microbial technique, plasma high-temperature pyrolytic technique etc., in general, it is fruitful, but take a broad view of domestic existing recycling technology and equipment, in some genus pilot scale stages, be not suitable for large-scale industrial production；Other little single machine productions of many genus；All also exist that energy consumption is too high, yield is little (time treating capacity less than 500kg), separate after pulverizing not thoroughly, fineness scope big, make the inefficient of gravity separation, the separation rate of common metal is less than 90%, production cost is high, and labor intensity is big, and economic benefit is undesirable, make factory cannot be carried out industrialized production, and easily cause secondary pollution.So the domestic the most more or method process old circuit board that employing is the most original, circuit board etc. is had to the part of noble metal, furnace cupola is taked to burn or the mode of strong acid dissolution, noble metal is left after other compositions are removed, this process produces a large amount of " three wastes ", owing to not or the environmental protection facility of disappearance high request, not having suitable harm to environment and labourer, and do not make regenerated resources obtain the most sufficiently to utilize.
Based on this, discard the change system of appliance circuit plate in the urgent need to a kind of brand-new resourcebility, energy, innoxious use, with the energy innoxious use problem of the discarded appliance circuit plate that reply quickly increases.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, overcomes the deficiency of above-mentioned background technology, it is provided that a kind of investment is less, operating cost is low, resource makes full use of, the discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system of non-secondary pollution.
The present invention solves its technical problem and employed technical scheme comprise that, a kind of discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system, reclaims and smoke eliminator, recovery heat generating device and electric automatization control device including pretreatment unit, alkalization incinerator, many metals and oxide；Described pretreatment unit is connected with alkalization incinerator, described alkalization incinerator reclaims with many metals and oxide and smoke eliminator and reclaim heat generating device and be connected respectively, and described electric automatization control device is connected with pretreatment unit, the incinerator that alkalizes, many metals and oxide recovery and smoke eliminator, recovery heat generating device respectively.
Further, described pretreatment unit includes feed hopper, the first carrier, disintegrating machine, the second carrier, material bin, the first meter dispenser, the 3rd carrier, basifier storehouse and the second meter dispenser；Described feed hopper, the first carrier, disintegrating machine, the second carrier, material bin are sequentially connected, and described first meter dispenser is connected with the bottom of material bin, and described 3rd carrier is connected with basifier storehouse, and described second meter dispenser is connected with the bottom in basifier storehouse.
Further, described alkalization incinerator includes alkalize burning boiler, aerator, the first hello distributing device, the second hello distributing device and regulation and control blower fan；The blowing air down room of described alkalization burning boiler is connected with the air outlet pipeline of aerator, alkalization burning boiler feeds distributing device the most respectively with first, the second hello distributing device is connected, in the middle part of the furnace wall of described alkalization burning boiler and top is provided with hoop air intake controller, and described hoop air intake controller is connected with regulation and control fan outlet pipeline；Described first hello distributing device and the first meter dispenser are connected, and the described second hello distributing device and the second meter dispenser are connected.
Further, described many metals and oxide reclaim and smoke eliminator includes the slag discharger of band heat exchange pipeline, the 4th carrier, the slag charge storehouse of band depurator, flue expansion chamber, water-tube heat exchangers, cold water pipe, the first flue, Electric air valve, rotoclone collector, the second flue, embrane method dust precipitator, cleaner unit, the 3rd flue, catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device, exhaust blower, the first powder transferring machine, the second powder transferring machine, the 5th carrier, the filler bin of band depurator, the 6th carrier and the 7th carrier；
The slag discharger of described band heat exchange pipeline is connected with the slag notch of alkalization burning boiler, the heat exchange pipeline air outlet of the slag discharger with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the air inlet of aerator, the bottom of the slag discharger with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the 4th carrier, and described 4th carrier is connected with the slag charge storehouse of band depurator；The chimney intake end of flue expansion chamber is connected with the top of alkalization burning boiler, and described water-tube heat exchangers is positioned at flue expansion chamber, and the hot-water outlet conduits of water-tube heat exchangers is connected with the inlet channel in alkalization burning boiler；The port of export of described flue expansion chamber is connected with the air inlet of rotoclone collector by the first flue, described Electric air valve is positioned on the first flue, the air outlet of described rotoclone collector is connected with cleaner unit by the second flue, described embrane method dust precipitator is positioned on the second flue, and described cleaner unit is connected with the air inlet of exhaust blower by the 3rd flue；Described catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device is positioned on the 3rd flue；Described first powder transferring machine is positioned at the bottom part down of flue expansion chamber, described second powder transferring machine is positioned at the bottom part down of rotoclone collector, first powder transferring machine and the second powder transferring machine are all connected with the 5th carrier, described 5th carrier is connected with the filler bin of band depurator, the filler bin of described band depurator and the 6th carrier are connected, described 6th carrier and the 7th carrier are connected, and described 7th carrier is connected with bottom cleaner unit.
Further, described recovery heat generating device includes steam turbine, electromotor, water supply processor, condensate pipe and high temperature steam pipeline；Described high temperature steam pipeline is connected with steam turbine, and described steam turbine is connected with water supply processor by condensate pipe, and described water supply processor is connected with the water inlet of water-tube heat exchangers by cold water pipe, and described steam turbine is also connected with electromotor.
Further, temperature-detecting device, CO detection device and O it are provided with in described alkalization burning boiler2Detection device.
Further, it is provided with measuring and controlling temp device and heat-exchange device in described flue expansion chamber.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows:
(1) process unit is relatively easy and process precisely, invest less, runs power consumption low, and profit treatment operating costs of giving up is low.
It is (2) discarded that appliance circuit plate is innoxious, resource, recovery energy are thorough, all of metal and oxide are all able to enriching and recovering in innocent treatment procedure, waste residue amount is less, and waste residue is the commercially valuable many metals of enrichment and/or the waste residue of poly-metal deoxide, can directly supply specialty metallurgical and professional chemical industry, minimizing to greatest extent and whole metal enrichment granulated slag commercialization recycling benefit can be realized；The whole profit processing item that gives up, without waste sludge discharge, pollution-free discharge of wastewater, the discharge of pollution-free waste gas, and can be accomplished PM2.5 micronic dust emission compliance, have optimal environmental benefit.
(3) discarding the combustible energy such as organic resin complicated in appliance circuit plate to be used for generating electricity, technological equipment system is simple in addition, runs low from power consumption, has good economy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system in the embodiment of the present invention.
nullIn figure: 1 pretreatment unit，101 feed hoppers，102 first carriers，103 disintegrating machines，104 second carriers，105 material bins，106 first meter dispensers，107 the 3rd carriers，108 basifier storehouses，109 second meter dispensers，2 alkalization incinerators，201 alkalization burning boilers，202 aerators，203 first feed distributing device，204 second feed distributing device，205 regulation and control blower fans，Metal more than 3 and oxide reclaim and smoke eliminator，The slag discharger of 301 band heat exchange pipelines，302 the 4th carriers，The slag charge storehouse of 303 band depurators，304 flue expansion chambers，305 water-tube heat exchangers，306 cold water pipes，307 first flues，308 Electric air valves，309 rotoclone collectors，310 second flues，311 embrane method dust precipitators，312 cleaner units，313 the 3rd flues，314 catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying devices，315 exhaust blowers，316 first powder transferring machines，317 second powder transferring machines，318 the 5th carriers，The filler bin of 319 band depurators，320 the 6th carriers，321 the 7th carriers，4 reclaim heat generating device，401 steam turbines，402 electromotors，403 water supply processors，404 condensate pipes，405 high temperature steam pipelines.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention is described in further detail by specific embodiment.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present embodiment includes pretreatment unit 1, alkalization incinerator 2, many metals and oxide reclaims and smoke eliminator 3, recovery heat generating device 4 and electric automatization control device；Pretreatment unit 1 is connected with alkalization incinerator 2, alkalization incinerator 2 reclaims with many metals and oxide and smoke eliminator 3 and reclaim heat generating device 4 and be connected respectively, and electric automatization control device is connected with pretreatment unit 1, the incinerator 2 that alkalizes, many metals and oxide recovery and smoke eliminator 3, recovery heat generating device 4 respectively.
Pretreatment unit 1 includes that feed hopper the 101, first carrier 102, disintegrating machine the 103, second carrier 104, material bin 105, first count dispenser the 106, the 3rd carrier 107, basifier storehouse 108 and the second meter dispenser 109；Feed hopper the 101, first carrier 102, disintegrating machine the 103, second carrier 104, material bin 105 are sequentially connected, first meter dispenser 106 is connected with the bottom of material bin 105,3rd carrier 107 is connected with basifier storehouse 108, and the second meter dispenser 109 is connected with the bottom in basifier storehouse 108.
Alkalization incinerator 2 includes alkalize burning boiler 201, aerator the 202, first hello distributing device the 203, second hello distributing device 204 and regulation and control blower fan 205；The blowing air down room of alkalization burning boiler 201 is connected with the air outlet pipeline of aerator 202, alkalization burning boiler 201 is fed distributing device the 203, second hello distributing device 204 the most respectively and is connected with first, in the middle part of the furnace wall of alkalization burning boiler 201 and top is provided with hoop air intake controller, and hoop air intake controller is connected with regulation and control blower fan 205 air outlet pipeline；First feeds distributing device 203 is connected with the first meter dispenser 106, and second feeds distributing device 204 is connected with the second meter dispenser 109；Temperature-detecting device, CO detection device and O it is provided with in alkalization burning boiler 2012Detection device.
Many metals and oxide recovery and smoke eliminator 3 include the slag discharger 301 of band heat exchange pipeline, 4th carrier 302, slag charge storehouse 303 with depurator, flue expansion chamber 304, water-tube heat exchangers 305, cold water pipe 306, first flue 307, Electric air valve 308, rotoclone collector 309, second flue 310, embrane method dust precipitator 311, cleaner unit 312, 3rd flue 313, catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device 314, exhaust blower 315, first powder transferring machine 316, second powder transferring machine 317, 5th carrier 318, filler bin 319 with depurator, 6th carrier 320 and the 7th carrier 321；
Slag discharger 301 with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the slag notch of alkalization burning boiler 201, the heat exchange pipeline air outlet of the slag discharger 301 with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the air inlet of aerator 202, the bottom of the slag discharger 301 with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the 4th carrier 302, and the 4th carrier 302 is connected with the slag charge storehouse 303 of band depurator；The chimney intake end of flue expansion chamber 304 is connected with the top of alkalization burning boiler 201, and water-tube heat exchangers 305 is positioned at flue expansion chamber 304, and the hot-water outlet conduits of water-tube heat exchangers 305 is connected with the inlet channel in alkalization burning boiler 201；The port of export of flue expansion chamber 304 is connected with the air inlet of rotoclone collector 309 by the first flue 307, Electric air valve 308 is positioned on the first flue 307, the air outlet of rotoclone collector 309 is connected with cleaner unit 312 by the second flue 310, embrane method dust precipitator 311 is positioned on the second flue 310, and cleaner unit 312 is connected with the air inlet of exhaust blower 315 by the 3rd flue 313；Catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device 314 is positioned on the 3rd flue 313；First powder transferring machine 316 is positioned at the bottom part down of flue expansion chamber 304, second powder transferring machine 317 is positioned at the bottom part down of rotoclone collector 309, first powder transferring machine 316 is all connected with the 5th carrier 318 with the second powder transferring machine 317,5th carrier 318 is connected with the filler bin 319 of band depurator, filler bin 319 with depurator is connected with the 6th carrier 320,6th carrier 320 is connected with the 7th carrier 321, and the 7th carrier 321 is connected bottom cleaner unit 312；Measuring and controlling temp device and heat-exchange device it is provided with in flue expansion chamber 304.
Reclaim heat generating device 4 and include steam turbine 401, electromotor 402, water supply processor 403, condensate pipe 404 and high temperature steam pipeline 405；High temperature steam pipeline 405 is connected with steam turbine 401, and steam turbine 401 is connected with water supply processor 403 by condensate pipe 404, and water supply processor 403 is connected with the water inlet of water-tube heat exchangers 305 by cold water pipe 306, and steam turbine 401 is also connected with electromotor 402.
The prior art that electric automatization control device is known to the skilled person, is not described in detail herein.
The present invention is utilized to process the process of discarded appliance circuit plate as follows:
By discarded appliance circuit plate coarse crushing, circuit board after coarse crushing is alkalized at a temperature of 870 DEG C～1400 DEG C burning, enrichment Multimetal oxide, incineration flue gas classification cooling is come metal and the oxide of crude separation enrichment, then the flue gas after crude separation enriched in metals and oxide is emptied after the embrane method dust precipitator 311 poly-dirt of embrane method, cleaner unit 312 dedusting, catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device 314 catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying；Energy heats Boiler Steam driving steam turbine 401 is burned in alkalization, generates electricity for electromotor 402, and concrete technology comprises the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: discarded appliance circuit plate is crushed to the particle diameter material less than 200mm through disintegrating machine 103, the material after broken is entered material bin 105, basifier is entered basifier storehouse 108；
(2) alkalization is burned: feeds distributing device 203 by the material in material bin 105 through first and sends in alkalization burning boiler 201；Feed distributing device 204 by the basifier in basifier storehouse 108 through second and send in alkalization burning boiler 201, burning that the material in alkalization burning boiler 201 is alkalized at 870～1400 DEG C；
(3) metal and oxide concentration thereof reclaim and gas cleaning: utilize accumulation of heat water incineration flue gas classification to be lowered the temperature, and alkalization burning boiler 201 inner space is divided into upper, middle, and lower part；Controlling the temperature in each section of space and redox condition in alkalization burning boiler 201, keeping lower space in alkalization burning boiler 201 is weakly reducing atmosphere, and coefficient of excess air is 0.7～1.0；In, upper space be oxidizing atmosphere, coefficient of excess air is 1.1～1.8；Lime-ash is enriched with in alkalization burning boiler 201 metal and the oxide thereof of higher melt, reclaims incineration residue in alkalization burning boiler 201, obtain metal and the metal-oxide of higher melt, such as copper, ferrum and noble metal gold, silver, palladium, platinum, rhodium, strontium etc.；In adjustment stove, wind speed, the heat exchange water pipe flow amount of each flue and flue gas gradient cooling temperature carry out the oxide of the volatile metal of enriching and recovering, particularly as follows: be quenched the design temperature to less than 600 DEG C by being provided with in the measuring and controlling temp device flue expansion chamber 304 with heat-exchange device, the volatile metal-oxide of enriching and recovering such as stannum oxide, lead oxide, Indium sesquioxide., zinc oxide etc., many metals lime-ash of enriching and recovering and metal-oxide dust can directly feed specialty smelter and chemical enterprise utilizes；(consumption of the poly-dirt agent of elecrtonegativity embrane method or embrane method poly-dirt desulfurizing agent is less than 30 μ g/Nm with cleaner unit 312 outlet exhaust PM2.5 to assemble PM2.5 micronic dust to spray the poly-dirt agent of elecrtonegativity embrane method or embrane method poly-dirt desulfurizing agent (commercially available prod) in embrane method dust precipitator 3113It is as the criterion), by the flue gas after enriching and recovering metal oxide through the embrane method dust precipitator 311 poly-dirt of embrane method, removing dust device 312 dedusting again of flue gas after the poly-dirt of embrane method, flue gas after dedusting purifies through catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device 314, the trace amounts of CO that may contain in flue gas, Hydrocarbon etc. are removed, and the flue gas after purification empties through exhaust blower 315；
(4) reclaiming heat energy power-generating: in step (2), in alkalization burning boiler 201, material burns, through alkalization, the high temperature heat produced and directly heats boiler water, produces high-temperature steam driving steam turbine 401, generates electricity for electromotor 402；In step (3), the accumulation of heat water supply alkalization burning boiler 201 after flue gas classification cooling uses water.
Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and variations to the embodiment of the present invention, if these amendments and modification are within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then these amendments and modification are also within protection scope of the present invention.
The prior art that the content not described in detail in description is known to the skilled person.
Claims (4)
1. a discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system, it is characterised in that: include pretreatment unit (1), alkalization incinerator (2), many metals and oxide reclaims and smoke eliminator (3), recovery heat generating device (4) and electric automatization control device；Described pretreatment unit (1) is connected with alkalization incinerator (2), described alkalization incinerator (2) is reclaimed with many metals and oxide and smoke eliminator (3) and reclaim heat generating device (4) and be connected respectively, and described electric automatization control device is connected with pretreatment unit (1), the incinerator (2) that alkalizes, many metals and oxide recovery and smoke eliminator (3), recovery heat generating device (4) respectively；
Described pretreatment unit (1) includes feed hopper (101), the first carrier (102), disintegrating machine (103), the second carrier (104), material bin (105), the first meter dispenser (106), the 3rd carrier (107), basifier storehouse (108) and the second meter dispenser (109)；Described feed hopper (101), the first carrier (102), disintegrating machine (103), the second carrier (104), material bin (105) are sequentially connected, described first meter dispenser (106) is connected with the bottom of material bin (105), described 3rd carrier (107) is connected with basifier storehouse (108), and described second meter dispenser (109) is connected with the bottom of basifier storehouse (108)；
Described alkalization incinerator (2) includes alkalize burning boiler (201), aerator (202), the first hello distributing device (203), the second hello distributing device (204) and regulation and control blower fan (205)；The blowing air down room of described alkalization burning boiler (201) is connected with the air outlet pipeline of aerator (202), alkalization burning boiler (201) feeds distributing device (203) the most respectively with first, the second hello distributing device (204) is connected, in the middle part of the furnace wall of described alkalization burning boiler (201) and top is provided with hoop air intake controller, and described hoop air intake controller is connected with regulation and control blower fan (205) air outlet pipeline；Described first feeds distributing device (203) is connected with the first meter dispenser (106), and described second feeds distributing device (204) is connected with the second meter dispenser (109)；
nullDescribed many metals and oxide recovery and smoke eliminator (3) include the slag discharger (301) of band heat exchange pipeline、4th carrier (302)、Slag charge storehouse (303) with depurator、Flue expansion chamber (304)、Water-tube heat exchangers (305)、Cold water pipe (306)、First flue (307)、Electric air valve (308)、Rotoclone collector (309)、Second flue (310)、Embrane method dust precipitator (311)、Cleaner unit (312)、3rd flue (313)、Catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device (314)、Exhaust blower (315)、First powder transferring machine (316)、Second powder transferring machine (317)、5th carrier (318)、Filler bin (319) with depurator、6th carrier (320) and the 7th carrier (321)；
The slag discharger (301) of described band heat exchange pipeline is connected with the slag notch of alkalization burning boiler (201), the heat exchange pipeline air outlet of the slag discharger (301) with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the air inlet of aerator (202), the bottom of the slag discharger (301) with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the 4th carrier (302), and described 4th carrier (302) is connected with the slag charge storehouse (303) of band depurator；The chimney intake end of flue expansion chamber (304) is connected with the top of alkalization burning boiler (201), described water-tube heat exchangers (305) is positioned at flue expansion chamber (304), and the hot-water outlet conduits of water-tube heat exchangers (305) is connected with the inlet channel in alkalization burning boiler (201)；The port of export of described flue expansion chamber (304) is connected with the air inlet of rotoclone collector (309) by the first flue (307), described Electric air valve (308) is positioned on the first flue (307), the air outlet of described rotoclone collector (309) is connected with cleaner unit (312) by the second flue (310), described embrane method dust precipitator (311) is positioned on the second flue (310), and described cleaner unit (312) is connected with the air inlet of exhaust blower (315) by the 3rd flue (313)；Described catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device (314) is positioned on the 3rd flue (313)；Described first powder transferring machine (316) is positioned at the bottom part down of flue expansion chamber (304), described second powder transferring machine (317) is positioned at the bottom part down of rotoclone collector (309), first powder transferring machine (316) is all connected with the 5th carrier (318) with the second powder transferring machine (317), described 5th carrier (318) is connected with the filler bin (319) of band depurator, the filler bin (319) of described band depurator is connected with the 6th carrier (320), described 6th carrier (320) is connected with the 7th carrier (321), described 7th carrier (321) is connected with cleaner unit (312) bottom.
2. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described recovery heat generating device (4) includes steam turbine (401), electromotor (402), water supply processor (403), condensate pipe (404) and high temperature steam pipeline (405)；Described high temperature steam pipeline (405) is connected with steam turbine (401), described steam turbine (401) is connected with water supply processor (403) by condensate pipe (404), described water supply processor (403) is connected with the water inlet of water-tube heat exchangers (305) by cold water pipe (306), and described steam turbine (401) is also connected with electromotor (402).
3. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with temperature-detecting device, CO detection device and O in described alkalization burning boiler (201)2Detection device.
4. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is provided with measuring and controlling temp device and heat-exchange device in described flue expansion chamber (304).
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| CN104633675B true CN104633675B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2783079C1 (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-11-08 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ФЕРРМЕ ГРУПП" | Device for production of high-dispersed metal-containing powders of metal-containing technogenic waste |
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| CN108592048A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-09-28 | 界首市菁华科技信息咨询服务有限公司 | Circuit board incineration tail gas cleaning device and method |
| CN108096960A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-01 | 孟婷婷 | A kind of energy-saving type plastic extruder filter screen combustion tail gas processing unit and method |
| CN108870416A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-11-23 | 尚圣杰 | Circuit board disassembles castoff burning tail gas cleaning device and method |
| CN114574701B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-03-17 | 西南交通大学 | Recovery and extraction device and method for metal in circuit board |
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| EP1413826A1 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2004-04-28 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Process and apparatus for the micro-wave treatment of solid residues from the thermal degradation of a charge containing organic matter |
| JP5082155B2 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2012-11-28 | Ｄｏｗａエコシステム株式会社 | Waste treatment system |
| US7767187B2 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2010-08-03 | Charlie Hong | Method and apparatus for separating carbon product from used tire with microwave |
| CN101564729B (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-10-06 | 喻万钧 | Environment-friendly treating process of discarded printed circuit boards |
| CN103537181A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-01-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Tail gas treatment device and tail gas treatment method in process of recycling waste printed circuit boards |
| CN204438143U (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-07-01 | 长沙紫宸科技开发有限公司 | Discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system |
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| RU2783079C1 (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-11-08 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ФЕРРМЕ ГРУПП" | Device for production of high-dispersed metal-containing powders of metal-containing technogenic waste |
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