CN104633675A - Waste electric appliance circuit board energy regeneration innocent treatment system - Google Patents
Waste electric appliance circuit board energy regeneration innocent treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104633675A CN104633675A CN201510062743.6A CN201510062743A CN104633675A CN 104633675 A CN104633675 A CN 104633675A CN 201510062743 A CN201510062743 A CN 201510062743A CN 104633675 A CN104633675 A CN 104633675A
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- conveyer
- alkalization
- flue
- burning boiler
- incinerator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Abstract
A waste electric appliance circuit board energy regeneration innocent treatment system comprises a pretreatment device, an alkalization incinerator, a multi-metal and oxide recycling and smoke purifying device, a recycled heat energy generating set and an electrical automatic control device. The pretreatment device is connected with the alkalization incinerator, the alkalization incinerator is connected with the multi-metal and oxide recycling and smoke purifying device and the recycled heat energy generating set, and the electrical automatic control device is connected with the pretreatment device, the alkalization incinerator, the multi-metal and oxide recycling and smoke purifying device and the recycled heat energy generating set. The technological devices are relatively simple, accurate in treatment, low in investment, low in operation power consumption and low in operation cost due to water utilization treatment; by means of the devices, resources can be fully utilized, and secondary pollution is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system.
Background technology
Along with the development of electronic technology, a large amount of household electrical appliance are regenerated and are upgraded, and waste electrical equipment circuit board increases with the high speed of average annual about 18%, become fastest-rising rubbish in the world today, especially waste printed circuit board, because of its complicated, deals with improperly and will cause the infringement being difficult to recover to environment.
Useless circuit board mainly contains useless copper-clad plate (CCL), waste printed circuit board (PCB), waste printed circuit board.Wherein, copper-clad plate is the raw material producing printed substrate, primarily of substrate, Copper Foil, adhesive composition; The main material of substrate is synthetic resin and reinforcing material, and synthetic resin mainly contains phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) etc., and reinforcing material generally has papery and cloth matter two kinds.Useless copper-clad plate is in the process of production copper-clad plate, the defect ware of generation, leftover pieces, presents yellow, be generally referred to as yellow plate because there is the Copper Foil of compacting on copper-clad plate surface.Useless copper-clad plate copper content differs, mass fraction low about 15%, high reaches more than 70%.
Waste printed circuit board is of a great variety, can be divided into paper base plate, glass cloth substrate and pressboard by insulating materials; Phenolic resins, epoxy resin and the polyester etc. containing fire retardant (mainly halogen flame) can be divided into by bonding agent resin; Single sided board, dual platen, multi-layer sheet and soft printed panel can be divided into by structure; Universal and special type can be divided into by purposes.Circuit board is primarily of substrate, each quasi-resistance (fixed carbon resister, metalfilmresistor, oxidized metal film resistance, wire wound resistor and arrangement resistance), electric capacity and transistor, integrated circuit, blaster fuse frame material, encapsulating material and lead material composition.If the high-end Electron Equipment Circuit Boards such as common computer are glass fabric of epoxy resin base double side printed wiring board substantially, wherein one side is inserting element, and another side is component pins solder side.Waste printed circuit board is in the process of producing printed substrate, the defect ware of generation, because printed substrate is in green, is therefore also called green plate.When making printed substrate, a part of copper is corroded, and therefore, the copper content of printed substrate is lower than copper-clad plate.
The comparison of ingredients of waste printed circuit board is complicated, except printed substrate, also containing integrated circuit and various electronic devices and components, main component is the noble metal of the trace such as silica, Copper Foil, lead, tin, iron, also have the organic substances such as plastics, resin, paint in addition, therefore intractability is larger than useless copper-clad plate, waste printed circuit board.
Hydrocarbon composition in useless circuit board is also quite complicated, and the matrix resin of traditional printing wiring board mainly contains phenolic resins (PF) and epoxy resin (EP).At present, the matrix resin of high performance print wiring board mainly contains polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and Noryl (MPP0), cyanate resin cured (CE), BT resin, polyimides (PI) and other thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, if epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester (UP), phenolic resins, amino resins are all the primary raw materials of duroplastic moulding materials.The recovery difficult of these hydrocarbons is also very large.
At present, the recovery and treatment method of waste and old circuit board generally adopts physics and chemistry to reclaim two class methods.
Physiochemical mutagens is that discarded circuit board is first carried out Mechanical Crushing, sorting, then by metal and nonmetally carry out physical separation, and reclaiming product, be also Mechanical Crushing-physical partition method.
Mechanical Crushing-physical partition method is divided into dry method and wet method two kinds.
Dry method: the particle first wasted board border material being ground into 100 ~ 300 μm, then with cyclonic separation by metal and nonmetal separately.Metal can directly utilize, and the nonmetal mode adopting landfill or heap to keep at present is disposed more.But the method is except the high energy consumption in processing procedure and pollution, the nonmetallic materials volume several times larger than former Waste volume produced, as resource can not be it can be used as to utilize, its landfill and heap all need to take larger land area, run off and then can cause environmental pollution.When utilizing useless circuit board processing system corresponding to these class methods to process useless circuit board, equipment investment is large, and run power consumption high, environmental pollution is serious.
Wet method: adopt wet crushing, wasted board border material is crushed to the particle that particle diameter is less than 3mm, then in the mode of washing shaking table, metal is separated with nonmetal.The method can not produce dust pollution in crushing process, lower than the cost of dry method, but the Non-metallic components obtained contains moisture, and landfill or recycling all need to carry out subsequent treatment, also there is the problem of sewage disposal simultaneously.When utilizing useless circuit board processing system corresponding to these class methods to process useless circuit board, environmental pollution is serious.
Chemical recovery mainly contains the methods such as hydrometallurgical recovery, thermal cracking recovery, solvent recovery, namely utilizes chemical method that printed substrate is resolved into micromolecular compound or low-molecular-weight resin etc.In addition, chemical recovery also comprises and utilizes the non-metallic debris of waste printed circuit board as filler, for the preparation of composite, realizes regenerated resourcesization and utilizes.
Hydrometallurgical recovery mainly utilizes noble metal can be dissolved in the feature of nitric acid, chloroazotic acid and other caustic acids, it is removed from electronic waste and is reclaimed from liquid phase.Its shortcoming consumes a large amount of strong acid, and cost is higher, and produces serious secondary pollution.When utilizing useless circuit board processing system corresponding to these class methods to process useless circuit board, need adopt large-scale acid-resistant system, cost is higher, environmental pollution is serious.
It is under anaerobic environment that thermal cracking reclaims, and in the airtight container of HTHP, high-temperature low-pressure or normal pressure, makes organic material decomposition be transformed into oil gas and utilizes.In each component materials that organic substance cracking produces, isolated state metal etc. are by the separation and recovery such as magnetic separation, vortex flow, and the high concentration induced by alkyl hydroxybenzene material in liquid distillate pyrolysis oil can as industrial chemicals, and residual oil also can as fuel.Strictly control the formation of harmful substance bioxin by suppression method and two-stage method in pyrolytic process; In the volatilization gas that cracking produces, condensable part, can not can being fully used as fuel of condensation portion after treatment through being condensed into oil.In printed substrate, fire retardant contains a large amount of bromides and organochlorine etc., and pyrolytic process part bromide is overflowed in gaseous form, easily causes air pollution after pyrolysis processing.Thermal cracking reclaim shortcoming be to incinerator and prevention and cure of air pollution facility requirements higher or be difficult to process, and process power consumption high, operating cost is high.When utilizing useless circuit board processing system corresponding to these class methods to process useless circuit board, power consumption is large, operating cost is high, there is secondary pollution.
In the research application of solvent recovery, the Liu Yuyan of Harbin Institute of Technology etc. are that reaction medium carries out recovery to glass fiber/epoxy composite material with salpeter solution, glass fibre is separated simply and effectively completely with resin matrix, 100% degraded of composite can be realized, obtain smooth surface, there is no the glass fibre of resin bed.In addition the experiment of the bisphenol f type epoxy resin chemical recovery recycling of being solidified by amine curing agent was once done by Japan.The shortcoming of solvent recovery is the economy still not having commercial Application, there is the problem of secondary pollution process difficulty in running.When utilizing useless circuit board processing system corresponding to these class methods to process useless circuit board, environmental pollution is serious.
Now, the resource recycling of the electron wastes such as waste printed circuit board, become and be related to China's economy, the new problem that society and environment sustainable development and China's utilization of the recycling of renewable resources face, " printed substrate recycle and innoxious process for treating " is listed the national great industrial technology of comprehensive utilization of resources key technology that National Development and Reform Committee organizes and implements for 2004 already in and is developed special project, one of country's waste household appliances and electronic product recycling System Construction pilot provinces and cities---the FXS waste electron wiring board recycling complete set of equipments of Zhejiang Province Fengli smash equipment Co., Ltd's research and development, also provincial-level appraisal is passed through on December 25th, 2004 in Hangzhou.Its physical recovering method technique: old circuit board → powerful fragmentation → magnetic separation → in broken → fine crushing → ultra micro classification → high-pressure electrostatic separation → finished product; " waste and old circuit board comprehensive utilization " complete set of equipments and the technology of Hunan Vary Sci-Tech Co., Ltd.'s exploitation also have the system advantage of two aspects: one is the separation equipment of this system is adopt current state-of-the-art " complete physical technique " in the world to come copper in retrieving circuit board and other rare precious metals, through special installation process and sorting process, can realize metal to be effectively separated with nonmetallic, two is the comprehensive applying problems considering the nonmetal powder solved in the recovery of waste printed circuit board (PCB) plate.BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics's closed matereial cycle engineering experiment room is also studied and electronic devices and components is separated with PCB substrate realize the overall resource of discarded circuit board to reclaim by the mode of physics to fully utilize, and with Beijing Zhonghang Sirui Science & Technology Co., Ltd.'s hand-in-glove, the printed substrate developed can't harm disassembles the complexity that recycling equipment considers electronic product shape to be dismantled, parts, especially for the separating treatment of part noxious material.But these achievements require that higher and secondary pollution problem etc. have impact on it and apply because of the high energy consumption of its fine crushing and Pollution treatment installation.
To be objective, recent year colleges and universities and research unit are from different angles, employing diverse ways, carry out the research work of a large amount of waste printed circuit board resources, employing mechanical approach as above realizes the recovery of metal enrichment, the method of pyrogenic process or hydrometallurgy is adopted comprehensively to purify, also have other microbial technique, plasma high-temperature pyrolytic technique etc., in general, fruitful, but take a broad view of domestic existing recycling technology and equipment, in some genus pilot scale stages, be not suitable for large-scale industrial production; The little single machine production of other many genus; All also exist that energy consumption is too high, output is little (time treating capacity be no more than 500kg), after pulverizing, separation is thorough, fineness scope is large, make the efficiency of gravity separation lower, the separation rate of common metal is less than 90%, production cost is high, and labour intensity is large, and economic benefit is undesirable, make factory to carry out suitability for industrialized production, and easily cause secondary pollution.So the domestic method process old circuit board that still employing is the most original more at present, circuit board etc. is had to the part of noble metal, take the mode of furnace cupola burning or strong acid dissolution, noble metal is left after other compositions are removed, this process produces a large amount of " three wastes ", due to not or disappearance high request environmental protection facility, have suitable harm to environment and labourer, and do not make regenerated resources obtain utilizing the most fully.
Based on this, discard the change system of appliance circuit plate in the urgent need to a kind of brand-new resourcebility, energy, innoxious use, to tackle the energy innoxious use problem of the discarded appliance circuit plate increased fast.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcomes the deficiency of above-mentioned background technology, provides that a kind of investment is less, operating cost is low, resource makes full use of, the discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system of non-secondary pollution.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is, a kind of discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system, comprises pretreatment unit, alkalization incinerator, many metals and oxide reclaims and smoke eliminator, recovery heat generating device and electric automatization control device; Described pretreatment unit is connected with alkalization incinerator, described alkalization incinerator reclaim with many metals and oxide respectively with smoke eliminator with reclaim heat generating device and be connected, described electric automatization control device reclaims with pretreatment unit, the incinerator that alkalizes, many metals and oxide respectively and is connected with smoke eliminator, recovery heat generating device.
Further, described pretreatment unit comprises feed hopper, the first conveyer, disintegrating machine, the second conveyer, material bin, the first dispenser, the 3rd conveyer, basifier storehouse and the second dispenser; Described feed hopper, the first conveyer, disintegrating machine, the second conveyer, material bin are connected successively, described first dispenser is connected with the bottom of material bin, described 3rd conveyer is connected with basifier storehouse, and described second dispenser is connected with the bottom in basifier storehouse.
Further, described alkalization incinerator comprises alkalization burning boiler, air blast, first is fed distributing device, second and fed distributing device and regulate and control blower fan; The blowing air down room of described alkalization burning boiler is connected with the air outlet pipeline of air blast, alkalization burning boiler also feeds distributing device with first respectively, the second hello distributing device is connected, in the middle part of the furnace wall of described alkalization burning boiler and top is provided with hoop air intake controller, and described hoop air intake controller is connected with regulation and control fan outlet pipeline; Described first feeds distributing device is connected with the first dispenser, and described second feeds distributing device is connected with the second dispenser.
Further, described many metals and oxide reclaim and smoke eliminator comprises the slag discharger of band heat exchange pipeline, the 4th conveyer, the slag charge storehouse of band clarifier, flue expansion chamber, water-tube heat exchangers, cold water pipe, the first flue, Electric air valve, rotoclone collector, the second flue, embrane method dust precipitator, deduster, the 3rd flue, catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device, exhaust blower, the first powder transferring machine, the second powder transferring machine, the 5th conveyer, the filler bin being with clarifier, the 6th conveyer and the 7th conveyer;
The slag discharger of described band heat exchange pipeline is connected with the slag notch of alkalization burning boiler, the heat exchange pipeline air outlet of the slag discharger with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the air inlet of air blast, the bottom of the slag discharger with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the 4th conveyer, and described 4th conveyer is connected with the slag charge storehouse of band clarifier; The chimney intake end of flue expansion chamber is connected with the top of alkalization burning boiler, and described water-tube heat exchangers is positioned at flue expansion chamber, and the hot-water outlet conduits of water-tube heat exchangers is connected with the inlet channel in alkalization burning boiler; The port of export of described flue expansion chamber is connected with the air inlet of rotoclone collector by the first flue, described Electric air valve is positioned on the first flue, the air outlet of described rotoclone collector is connected with deduster by the second flue, described embrane method dust precipitator is positioned on the second flue, and described deduster is connected with the air inlet of exhaust blower by the 3rd flue; Described catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device is positioned on the 3rd flue; Described first powder transferring machine is positioned at the bottom part down of flue expansion chamber, described second powder transferring machine is positioned at the bottom part down of rotoclone collector, first powder transferring machine is all connected with the 5th conveyer with the second powder transferring machine, described 5th conveyer is connected with the filler bin of band clarifier, the filler bin of described band clarifier is connected with the 6th conveyer, described 6th conveyer is connected with the 7th conveyer, and described 7th conveyer is connected with bottom deduster.
Further, described recovery heat generating device comprises steam turbine, generator, water supply processor, condensate pipe and high temperature steam pipeline; Described high temperature steam pipeline is connected with steam turbine, and described steam turbine is connected with water supply processor by condensate pipe, and described water supply processor is connected with the water inlet of water-tube heat exchangers by cold water pipe, and described steam turbine is also connected with generator.
Further, temperature-detecting device, CO checkout gear and O is provided with in described alkalization burning boiler
2checkout gear.
Further, measuring and controlling temp device and heat-exchange device is provided with in described flue expansion chamber.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) process unit relatively simply processes precisely, invests less, runs power consumption low, and sharp treatment operating costs of giving up is low.
(2) discarded appliance circuit plate is innoxious, resource, recovery energy are thorough, all metals and oxide are all able to enriching and recovering in innocent treatment procedure, waste residue amount is less, and waste residue has the many metals of enrichment of commercial value and/or the waste residue of poly-metal deoxide, directly can supply professional metallurgy and professional chemical industry, minimizing to greatest extent and whole metal enrichment granulated slag commercialization recycling benefit can be realized; Whole profit gives up processing item without waste sludge discharge, pollution-free discharge of wastewater, pollution-free toxic emission, and can accomplish PM2.5 micronic dust emission compliance, has best environmental benefit.
(3) the combustible energy such as complicated in discarded appliance circuit plate organic resin are used for generating, and technological equipment system is simple in addition, runs from power consumption low, has good economy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1-pretreatment unit, 101-feed hopper, 102-the first conveyer, 103-disintegrating machine, 104-the second conveyer, 105-material bin, 106-the first meter dispenser, 107-the three conveyer, 108-basifier storehouse, 109-the second meter dispenser, 2-alkalization incinerator, 201-alkalization burning boiler, 202-air blast, 203-the first feeds distributing device, 204-the second feeds distributing device, 205-regulation and control blower fan, 3-many metals and oxide reclaim and smoke eliminator, the slag discharger of 301-band heat exchange pipeline, 302-the four conveyer, the slag charge storehouse of 303-band clarifier, 304-flue expansion chamber, 305-water-tube heat exchangers, 306-cold water pipe, 307-the first flue, 308-Electric air valve, 309-rotoclone collector, 310-the second flue, 311-embrane method dust precipitator, 312-deduster, 313-the three flue, 314-catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device, 315-exhaust blower, 316-the first powder transferring machine, 317-the second powder transferring machine, 318-the five conveyer, the filler bin of 319-band clarifier, 320-the six conveyer, 321-the seven conveyer, 4-reclaim heat generating device, 401-steam turbine, 402-generator, 403-water supply processor, 404-condensate pipe, 405-high temperature steam pipeline.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present embodiment comprises pretreatment unit 1, alkalization incinerator 2, many metals and oxide reclaim and smoke eliminator 3, recovery heat generating device 4 and electric automatization control device; Pretreatment unit 1 is connected with alkalization incinerator 2, alkalization incinerator 2 reclaim with many metals and oxide respectively with smoke eliminator 3 with reclaim heat generating device 4 and be connected, electric automatization control device reclaims with pretreatment unit 1, the incinerator 2 that alkalizes, many metals and oxide with smoke eliminator 3 respectively, reclaims heat generating device 4 and be connected.
Pretreatment unit 1 comprises feed hopper 101, first conveyer 102, disintegrating machine 103, second conveyer 104, material bin 105, first dispenser 106, the 3rd conveyer 107, basifier storehouse 108 and the second dispenser 109; Feed hopper 101, first conveyer 102, disintegrating machine 103, second conveyer 104, material bin 105 are connected successively, first dispenser 106 is connected with the bottom of material bin 105,3rd conveyer 107 is connected with basifier storehouse 108, and the second dispenser 109 is connected with the bottom in basifier storehouse 108.
Alkalization incinerator 2 comprises alkalization burning boiler 201, air blast 202, first is fed distributing device 203, second and fed distributing device 204 and regulation and control blower fan 205; The alkalization blowing air down room of burning boiler 201 is connected with the air outlet pipeline of air blast 202, alkalization burning boiler 201 is also fed distributing device 203, second hello distributing device 204 respectively and is connected with first, in the middle part of the furnace wall of alkalization burning boiler 201 and top is provided with hoop air intake controller, and hoop air intake controller is connected with regulation and control blower fan 205 air outlet pipeline; First feeds distributing device 203 is connected with the first dispenser 106, and second feeds distributing device 204 is connected with the second dispenser 109; Temperature-detecting device, CO checkout gear and O is provided with in alkalization burning boiler 201
2checkout gear.
Many metals and oxide reclaim and smoke eliminator 3 comprises the slag discharger 301 being with heat exchange pipeline, 4th conveyer 302, with the slag charge storehouse 303 of clarifier, flue expansion chamber 304, water-tube heat exchangers 305, cold water pipe 306, first flue 307, Electric air valve 308, rotoclone collector 309, second flue 310, embrane method dust precipitator 311, deduster 312, 3rd flue 313, catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device 314, exhaust blower 315, first powder transferring machine 316, second powder transferring machine 317, 5th conveyer 318, filler bin 319 with clarifier, 6th conveyer 320 and the 7th conveyer 321,
Slag discharger 301 with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the slag notch of alkalization burning boiler 201, the heat exchange pipeline air outlet of the slag discharger 301 with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the air inlet of air blast 202, the bottom of the slag discharger 301 with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the 4th conveyer 302, and the 4th conveyer 302 is connected with the slag charge storehouse 303 of band clarifier; The chimney intake end of flue expansion chamber 304 is connected with the top of alkalization burning boiler 201, and water-tube heat exchangers 305 is positioned at flue expansion chamber 304, and the hot-water outlet conduits of water-tube heat exchangers 305 is connected with the inlet channel in alkalization burning boiler 201; The port of export of flue expansion chamber 304 is connected with the air inlet of rotoclone collector 309 by the first flue 307, Electric air valve 308 is positioned on the first flue 307, the air outlet of rotoclone collector 309 is connected with deduster 312 by the second flue 310, embrane method dust precipitator 311 is positioned on the second flue 310, and deduster 312 is connected with the air inlet of exhaust blower 315 by the 3rd flue 313; Catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device 314 is positioned on the 3rd flue 313; First powder transferring machine 316 is positioned at the bottom part down of flue expansion chamber 304, second powder transferring machine 317 is positioned at the bottom part down of rotoclone collector 309, first powder transferring machine 316 is all connected with the 5th conveyer 318 with the second powder transferring machine 317,5th conveyer 318 is connected with the filler bin 319 of band clarifier, filler bin 319 with clarifier is connected with the 6th conveyer 320,6th conveyer 320 is connected with the 7th conveyer 321, and the 7th conveyer 321 is connected with bottom deduster 312; Measuring and controlling temp device and heat-exchange device is provided with in flue expansion chamber 304.
Reclaim heat generating device 4 and comprise steam turbine 401, generator 402, water supply processor 403, condensate pipe 404 and high temperature steam pipeline 405; High temperature steam pipeline 405 is connected with steam turbine 401, and steam turbine 401 is connected with water supply processor 403 by condensate pipe 404, and water supply processor 403 is connected with the water inlet of water-tube heat exchangers 305 by cold water pipe 306, and steam turbine 401 is also connected with generator 402.
The prior art that electric automatization control device is known to the skilled person, is not described in detail herein.
Process of the present invention is utilized to discard the process of appliance circuit plate as follows:
The coarse crushing of appliance circuit plate will be discarded, circuit board after coarse crushing to be alkalized at 870 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C temperature burning, enrichment Multimetal oxide, incineration flue gas classification cooling is come metal and the oxide of crude separation enrichment, then the flue gas after crude separation enriched in metals and oxide is gathered after dirt, deduster 312 dedusting, catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device 314 catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying emptying through embrane method dust precipitator 311 embrane method; Energy heats Boiler Steam driving steam turbine 401 is burned in alkalization, and generate electricity for generator 402, concrete technology comprises the following steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: discarded appliance circuit plate is crushed to through disintegrating machine 103 material that particle diameter is less than 200mm, the material after fragmentation is entered material bin 105, basifier is entered basifier storehouse 108;
(2) alkalization is burned: feed distributing device 203 by the material in material bin 105 through first and send in alkalization burning boiler 201; Feeding distributing device 204 by the basifier in basifier storehouse 108 through second sends in alkalization burning boiler 201, burning of being alkalized at 870 ~ 1400 DEG C by the material in alkalization burning boiler 201;
(3) metal and oxide concentration thereof reclaim and gas cleaning: utilize accumulation of heat water incineration flue gas classification to be lowered the temperature, and alkalization burning boiler 201 inner space is divided into upper, middle, and lower part; Control temperature and the redox condition in each section of space in alkalization burning boiler 201, keep lower space in alkalization burning boiler 201 to be weakly reducing atmosphere, coefficient of excess air is 0.7 ~ 1.0; In, upper space is oxidizing atmosphere, coefficient of excess air is 1.1 ~ 1.8; The metal of enrichment higher melt and oxide thereof in lime-ash in alkalization burning boiler 201, reclaim incineration residue in alkalization burning boiler 201, obtain metal and the metal oxide of higher melt, as copper, iron and noble metal gold, silver, palladium, platinum, rhodium, strontium etc.; In adjustment stove, wind speed, the heat exchange water pipe flow of each flue and flue gas classification chilling temperature carry out the oxide of the volatile metal of enriching and recovering, be specially: by be provided with measuring and controlling temp device and heat-exchange device flue expansion chamber 304 in design temperature below quenching to 600 DEG C, the volatile metal oxide of enriching and recovering is as tin oxide, lead oxide, indium oxide, zinc oxide etc., and many metals lime-ash of enriching and recovering and metal oxide dust directly can supply professional smelter and chemical enterprise utilizes; In embrane method dust precipitator 311, spray elecrtonegativity embrane method gather dirt agent or embrane method and gather dirt desulfurizing agent (commercially available prod) (elecrtonegativity embrane method is gathered the consumption that dirt agent or embrane method gather dirt desulfurizing agent and is less than 30 μ g/Nm with deduster 312 outlet exhaust PM2.5 to assemble PM2.5 micronic dust
3be as the criterion), flue gas after enriching and recovering metal oxide is gathered dirt through embrane method dust precipitator 311 embrane method, the flue gas after dirt is gathered again through deduster 312 dedusting through embrane method, flue gas after dedusting purifies through catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device 314, the trace amounts of CO that may contain in flue gas, hydrocarbon etc. are removed, and the flue gas after purification is emptying through exhaust blower 315;
(4) reclaim heat energy power-generating: in step (2), in alkalization burning boiler 201, material burns the direct heating boiler water of high temperature heat produced through alkalization, produces high-temperature steam driving steam turbine 401, generates electricity for generator 402; In step (3), the accumulation of heat water supply alkalization burning boiler 201 after flue gas classification cooling uses water.
Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and variations to the embodiment of the present invention, if these amendments and modification are within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then these revise and modification also within protection scope of the present invention.
The prior art that the content do not described in detail in description is known to the skilled person.
Claims (7)
1. a discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system, is characterized in that: comprise pretreatment unit (1), alkalization incinerator (2), many metals and oxide recovery and smoke eliminator (3), reclaim heat generating device (4) and electric automatization control device; Described pretreatment unit (1) is connected with alkalization incinerator (2), described alkalization incinerator (2) reclaim with many metals and oxide respectively with smoke eliminator (3) with reclaim heat generating device (4) and be connected, described electric automatization control device reclaims with pretreatment unit (1), alkalize incinerator (2), many metals and oxide with smoke eliminator (3) respectively, reclaims heat generating device (4) and be connected.
2. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described pretreatment unit (1) comprises feed hopper (101), the first conveyer (102), disintegrating machine (103), the second conveyer (104), material bin (105), the first dispenser (106), the 3rd conveyer (107), basifier storehouse (108) and the second dispenser (109); Described feed hopper (101), the first conveyer (102), disintegrating machine (103), the second conveyer (104), material bin (105) are connected successively, described first dispenser (106) is connected with the bottom of material bin (105), described 3rd conveyer (107) is connected with basifier storehouse (108), and described second dispenser (109) is connected with the bottom of basifier storehouse (108).
3. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described alkalization incinerator (2) comprises alkalization burning boiler (201), air blast (202), first is fed distributing device (203), second and fed distributing device (204) and regulation and control blower fan (205); The blowing air down room of described alkalization burning boiler (201) is connected with the air outlet pipeline of air blast (202), alkalization burning boiler (201) also feeds distributing device (203) with first respectively, the second hello distributing device (204) is connected, in the middle part of the furnace wall of described alkalization burning boiler (201) and top is provided with hoop air intake controller, and described hoop air intake controller is connected with regulation and control blower fan (205) air outlet pipeline; Described first feeds distributing device (203) is connected with the first dispenser (106), and described second feeds distributing device (204) is connected with the second dispenser (109).
4. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described many metals and oxide reclaim and smoke eliminator (3) comprises the slag discharger (301) being with heat exchange pipeline, 4th conveyer (302), with the slag charge storehouse (303) of clarifier, flue expansion chamber (304), water-tube heat exchangers (305), cold water pipe (306), first flue (307), Electric air valve (308), rotoclone collector (309), second flue (310), embrane method dust precipitator (311), deduster (312), 3rd flue (313), catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device (314), exhaust blower (315), first powder transferring machine (316), second powder transferring machine (317), 5th conveyer (318), filler bin (319) with clarifier, 6th conveyer (320) and the 7th conveyer (321),
The slag discharger (301) of described band heat exchange pipeline is connected with the slag notch of alkalization burning boiler (201), the heat exchange pipeline air outlet of the slag discharger (301) with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the air inlet of air blast (202), the bottom of the slag discharger (301) with heat exchange pipeline is connected with the 4th conveyer (302), and described 4th conveyer (302) is connected with the slag charge storehouse (303) of band clarifier, the chimney intake end of flue expansion chamber (304) is connected with the top of alkalization burning boiler (201), described water-tube heat exchangers (305) is positioned at flue expansion chamber (304), and the hot-water outlet conduits of water-tube heat exchangers (305) is connected with the inlet channel in alkalization burning boiler (201), the port of export of described flue expansion chamber (304) is connected with the air inlet of rotoclone collector (309) by the first flue (307), described Electric air valve (308) is positioned on the first flue (307), the air outlet of described rotoclone collector (309) is connected with deduster (312) by the second flue (310), described embrane method dust precipitator (311) is positioned on the second flue (310), and described deduster (312) is connected with the air inlet of exhaust blower (315) by the 3rd flue (313), described catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device (314) is positioned on the 3rd flue (313), described first powder transferring machine (316) is positioned at the bottom part down of flue expansion chamber (304), described second powder transferring machine (317) is positioned at the bottom part down of rotoclone collector (309), first powder transferring machine (316) is all connected with the 5th conveyer (318) with the second powder transferring machine (317), described 5th conveyer (318) is connected with the filler bin (319) of band clarifier, the filler bin (319) of described band clarifier is connected with the 6th conveyer (320), described 6th conveyer (320) is connected with the 7th conveyer (321), described 7th conveyer (321) is connected with deduster (312) bottom.
5. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described recovery heat generating device (4) comprises steam turbine (401), generator (402), water supply processor (403), condensate pipe (404) and high temperature steam pipeline (405); Described high temperature steam pipeline (405) is connected with steam turbine (401), described steam turbine (401) is connected with water supply processor (403) by condensate pipe (404), described water supply processor (403) is connected by the water inlet of cold water pipe (306) with water-tube heat exchangers (305), and described steam turbine (401) is also connected with generator (402).
6. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: be provided with temperature-detecting device, CO checkout gear and O in described alkalization burning boiler (201)
2checkout gear.
7. discarded appliance circuit plate energy innocuity disposal system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: be provided with measuring and controlling temp device and heat-exchange device in described flue expansion chamber (304).
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| CN104633675B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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