CN104630635A - Iron-chromium-aluminum-based porous metal material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Iron-chromium-aluminum-based porous metal material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an iron-chromium-aluminum-based porous metal material and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises through-holes having a pore size of 500nm-40um. The iron-chromium-aluminum-based porous metal material is prepared from the following raw materials: aluminum powder, chromium powder, iron powder, silicon carbide and rare earths. The preparation method of the iron-chromium-aluminum-based porous metal material comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out vacuum sintering silicon carbide powder, rare earth and iron powder to obtain iron-silicon carbide sintering blocks containing rare earth, smelting the iron-silicon carbide sintering blocks, aluminum ingots, chromium powder and balance iron powder together under the protection of argon to obtain iron-chromium-aluminum-based alloy ingots, crushing the alloy ingots, carrying out vacuum ball milling to obtain alloy powder and finally uniformly mixing alloy powder, a pore-forming agent and a binder, carrying out compression molding and sintering to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum-based porous metal material. The material has the advantages of long service life at high temperature and the like and furthermore, the large-scale industrialization can be achieved by the preparation method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of to high-temperature dust-containing flue gas or high temperature containing particulate fluid filtration and excellent porous metal filtering element of hot strength and preparation method thereof, belong to porous metal material preparing technical field.
Background technology
Comprise cyclone dust collection, electricity gather dust, traditional flue gas processing method of bag collection and the purification of wet method normal temperature etc., be difficult to directly filter high-temperature flue gas; In order to solve existing high temperature gather dust in problem, patent CN101934177B proposes and adopts grain bed to carry out the purification of high-temperature flue gas, but the defects such as the particle dust of this patented technology still in difficult trapping flue gas; Porous ceramics can realize the direct purification of high-temperature flue gas, but the aspect defects such as its heat-shock resistance difference, have a strong impact on the work-ing life of filtering system; Although the life of patent CN10195426B and patent CN101913874B to porous ceramics proposes good solution, still the intrinsic defect of stupalith fundamentally cannot be changed.The filtering material being used in high temperature fluid field is at present mostly the ceramic filter plate of mullite or silicon carbide, the maximum problem of ceramic filter plate is that fragility is large, heat-shock resistance is poor, in addition, be difficult to reuse, this not only result in, and to need high temperature fluid to carry out filtering the production cost of enterprise high, but also cause the waste of ceramic resources; The filtration area of flat panel filter element is little, needs frequent replacing when using this material, is also the Another reason place that when using such material, cost is high.
In order to overcome the defect of pottery, patent 1314477C provides a kind of metal filter element, although this filtration of material excellent property, because the filtration area of this material is limited, need to use such a large amount of metal filter elements when making filtering system, thus cause high-temperature dust removal cost higher.
Aludirome is a class Alfer; because can Surface Creation one deck and the compact compact aluminum oxide protective membrane of matrix in high temperature environments; make it have corrosion-resistant, anti-oxidant, impervious carbon and the advantage such as wear-resisting, thus high-temperature dust or high temperature fluid filter and in catalytic carrier etc. application prospect very large.Also having carried out some at present both at home and abroad adopts Aludirome to be that matrix is to prepare the research of porous metal material, as: first patent CN102286669A sprays chromium powder and aluminium powder on the porous inseries such as polyurethane sponge, carries out Electrodeposition Bath of Iron and obtain ferrum-chromium-aluminum porous material after the operations such as conductive resin dip-coating, heating cure; Patent CN101172257A prepare bubble iron chromium aluminum be with foam shape metal (iron, nickel, copper and alloy thereof etc.) for base material, carry out flame plating ferrum-chromium-aluminum at the porous surface of base material and obtain.Although these methods can prepare ferrum-chromium-aluminum porous metal material, there is the problem such as complex process, raw materials cost height; After on the other hand existing ferrum-chromium-aluminum material at high temperature uses, because grain growth makes it become easily crisp, thus have impact on this kind of material work-ing life in high temperature environments.
For existing hot environment use the problem of the aspects such as filtration area existing for filtering element is little, work-ing life is short, difficulty recycles, the present inventor, through repeatedly studying, has invented porous metal filtering element that a kind of hot environment uses and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art and improve the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material and preparation method that a kind of heat impact strength is good, resistance to high temperature corrosion performance is excellent, filterableness good, intensity is high.
A kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base of the present invention porous metal material, comprises following component, forms by mass percentage:
Aluminium 3-7,
Chromium 15-25,
Silicon carbide 2-10,
Rare earth 0.03-0.5, surplus is iron.
A kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base of the present invention porous metal material, described rare earth is mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium or rare-earth yttrium, and in mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium, the quality of each component configures in any proportion.
A kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base of the present invention porous metal material, comprises the through hole that aperture is 500nm-40um in described porous metal material.
The preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base of the present invention porous metal material, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation is containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate of rare earth
According to the quality proportioning of silicon carbide, rare earth in the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, by the mass ratio of the silicon carbide after amplification in proportion, rare earth, take carborundum powder, rare earth respectively, mixed powder is mixed to get with iron powder, after mixed powder vacuum ball milling is mixed, compression moulding, after 1200-1300 DEG C of vacuum sintering 1-3 hour, furnace cooling obtains the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate containing rare earth; The total mass and the iron powder mass ratio that control carborundum powder and rare earth in mixed powder are 1:1-2;
Second step: the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome preparing silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
According to the quality containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate middle-weight rare earths of rare earth, silicon carbide, iron that the first step obtains, by each component proportion of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, the iron powder of configuration aluminium ingot, chromium powder and surplus, under argon atmosphere after 2000-2200 DEG C of melting 1-3 hour, furnace cooling obtains the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth;
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 1-100um
The broken final vacuum of the aluminium base alloy pig of the siderochrome obtained by second step is milled to the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that granularity is 1-100um;
4th step: sinter molding
In mass ratio (8-10): (0.5-2): (0.5-1) takes alloy powder, pore-forming material, caking agent prepared by the 3rd step respectively, mix, after compression moulding, under inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, rise to 600-800 DEG C of insulation after 0.5-2 hour with 1-3 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, rise to 1200-1400 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, sintering 0.5-2h, furnace cooling, obtains ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material.
The preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base of the present invention porous metal material, described pore-forming material is selected from the one in starch, urea, carbon ammonium, and the size range of pore-forming material is 0.5-40um.
The preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base of the present invention porous metal material, described binding agent is at least one in polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy Mierocrystalline cellulose, polyoxyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol.
The benefit analysis that the present invention has:
(1) long service life of material of the present invention, particularly at high temperature long service life.This mainly because:
1. the metallic character of ferrum-chromium-aluminum material, makes its heat impact strength outstanding, also can not crush this filtering element under can ensureing large pressure, and this is that stupalith is difficult to possess; Resistance to high temperature corrosion performance is excellent, and maximum operation (service) temperature can reach 1400 DEG C;
2. the existence of silicon carbide and rare earth, greatly inhibits ferrum-chromium-aluminum material grain growth in high temperature environments, fundamentally solves the high-temperature brittleness problem of ferrum-chromium-aluminum material;
(2) material of the present invention is reusable.This mainly because:
1. on the one hand, by operations such as blowbacks, dust particle in filtering material can be produced by boasting, return to use; On the other hand, can also dredge with the process such as alkali lye, acid solution the hole be blocked, realize recycling.
2. selected and grain composition by the particle diameter of ferrum-chromium-aluminum powder, can obtain the porous metal material of different porosities and pore size, this makes this Project Technical can be used to produce the filtration be adapted to containing different-grain diameter granule fluid; Further, the metallic character of material of the present invention improves the heat transfer property of material greatly, lays a good foundation for the application of this material is extended to the fields such as the heat transfer of extreme environment by filtration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the SEM figure of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1.
As can be seen from accompanying drawing 1, ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 has obvious three-dimensional communication hole, and porosity reaches 62%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, enforcement of the present invention is described further, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum Quito mesoporous metal material component of preparation, is by mass percentage:
Aluminium 3, chromium 18, silicon carbide 3, mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium 0.03, surplus is iron.
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation is containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate of rare earth
According to the quality proportioning of silicon carbide 3, rare earth 0.03 in the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, by in proportion 5 times amplify after the mass ratio of silicon carbide be 15, the mass ratio of rare earth is 0.15, take carborundum powder 15 kilograms, rare earth 0.15 kilogram respectively, mixed powder is mixed to get with 15.15 kilograms of iron powders, after mixed powder vacuum ball milling is mixed, compression moulding, in 1200-1300 DEG C of vacuum sintering after 2 hours, furnace cooling obtains the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate containing rare earth;
Second step: the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome preparing silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
According to the quality containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate middle-weight rare earths of rare earth, silicon carbide, iron that the first step obtains, by each component proportion of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, configuration aluminium ingot 15 kilograms, chromium powder 90 kilograms, surplus is iron powder, in 2000-2200 DEG C of melting after 2 hours under argon atmosphere, furnace cooling obtains the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth;
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 1-100um
The broken final vacuum of the aluminium base alloy pig of the siderochrome obtained by second step is milled to the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that granularity is 1-100um;
4th step: sinter molding
In mass ratio (8-10): (0.5-2): (0.5-1) takes alloy powder, pore-forming material, caking agent prepared by the 3rd step respectively, mix, after compression moulding, under inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, rise to 600-800 DEG C of insulation after 0.5-2 hour with 1-3 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, rise to 1200-1400 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, sintering 1.5h, furnace cooling, obtains ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material.
Pore-forming material is starch, and the size range of pore-forming material is 0.5-2um; Caking agent is polyvinyl alcohol;
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum Quito mesoporous metal material prepared by the present embodiment shows excellent anti-pressure ability and antioxidant property, and its ultimate compression strength reaches 52.68MPa; Oxidation weight gain rate in atmosphere after 800 DEG C of oxidation 120min is 1.0mg/g; In addition, prepared porous material is first warmed up to 800 DEG C, is placed on quenching 20 all after dates in cold water, material has no obvious destruction, shows that the resistance to rapid heat cycle ability of material of the present invention is excellent.
Embodiment 2
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum Quito mesoporous metal material component of preparation, is by mass percentage:
Aluminium 5, chromium 20, silicon carbide 6, rare-earth yttrium 0.25, surplus is iron.
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation is containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate of rare earth
According to the quality proportioning of silicon carbide 6, rare earth 0.25 in the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, by in proportion 4 times amplify after the mass ratio of silicon carbide be 24, the mass ratio of rare earth is 1, take carborundum powder 24 kilograms, rare earth 1 kilogram respectively, iron powder 50 kilograms is mixed to get mixed powder, after mixed powder vacuum ball milling is mixed, and compression moulding, in 1200-1300 DEG C of vacuum sintering after 2 hours, furnace cooling obtains the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate containing rare earth;
Second step: the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome preparing silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
According to the quality containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate middle-weight rare earths of rare earth, silicon carbide, iron that the first step obtains, by each component proportion of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, the iron powder of configuration aluminium ingot 20 kilograms, chromium powder 80 kilograms and surplus, in 2000-2200 DEG C of melting after 2 hours under argon atmosphere, furnace cooling obtains the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth;
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 1-100um
The broken final vacuum of the aluminium base alloy pig of the siderochrome obtained by second step is milled to the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that granularity is 1-100um;
4th step: sinter molding
In mass ratio (8-10): (0.5-2): (0.5-1) takes alloy powder, pore-forming material, caking agent prepared by the 3rd step respectively, mix, after compression moulding, under inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, rise to 600-800 DEG C of insulation after 0.5-2 hour with 1-3 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, rise to 1200-1400 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, sintering 1.5h, furnace cooling, obtains ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material.
Pore-forming material is urea, and the size range of pore-forming material is 30-40um; Caking agent is carboxymethyl cellulose;
The porosity of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material prepared by the present embodiment is 68%, and ultimate compression strength reaches 49.23MPa, and the oxidation weight gain rate in atmosphere after 800 DEG C of oxidation 240min is 1.1mg/g; In addition, prepared porous material is first warmed up to 800 DEG C, is placed on quenching 30 all after dates in cold water, material has no obvious destruction, shows that the resistance to rapid heat cycle ability of material of the present invention is excellent.
Embodiment 3
Ferrum-chromium-aluminum Quito mesoporous metal material component of preparation, is by mass percentage:
Aluminium 6, chromium 25, silicon carbide 10, rare-earth yttrium 0.5, surplus is iron.
Its preparation method, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation is containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate of rare earth
According to the quality proportioning of silicon carbide 10, rare earth 0.5 in the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, by in proportion 2 times amplify after the mass ratio of silicon carbide be 20, the mass ratio of rare earth is 1, take carborundum powder 20 kilograms, rare earth 1 kilogram respectively, iron powder 21 kilograms is mixed to get mixed powder, after mixed powder vacuum ball milling is mixed, and compression moulding, in 1200-1300 DEG C of vacuum sintering after 2 hours, furnace cooling obtains the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate containing rare earth;
Second step: the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome preparing silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
According to the quality containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate middle-weight rare earths of rare earth, silicon carbide, iron that the first step obtains, by each component proportion of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, the iron powder of configuration aluminium ingot 12 kilograms, chromium powder 50 kilograms and surplus, in 2000-2200 DEG C of melting after 2 hours under argon atmosphere, furnace cooling obtains the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth;
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 1-100um
The broken final vacuum of the aluminium base alloy pig of the siderochrome obtained by second step is milled to the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that granularity is 1-100um;
4th step: sinter molding
In mass ratio (8-10): (0.5-2): (0.5-1) takes alloy powder, pore-forming material, caking agent prepared by the 3rd step respectively, mix, after compression moulding, under inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, rise to 600-800 DEG C of insulation after 0.5-2 hour with 1-3 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, rise to 1200-1400 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, sintering 2h, furnace cooling, obtains ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material.
Pore-forming material is carbon ammonium, and the size range of pore-forming material is 30-40um; Caking agent is polyvinyl alcohol;
The porosity of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material prepared by the present embodiment is 65%, and ultimate compression strength reaches 51.65MPa, and the oxidation weight gain rate in atmosphere after 850 DEG C of oxidation 360min is 1.0mg/g; In addition, prepared porous material is first warmed up to 800 DEG C, is placed on quenching 50 all after dates in cold water, material has no obvious destruction, shows that the resistance to rapid heat cycle ability of material of the present invention is excellent.
Claims (9)
1. a ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material, comprises following component, forms by mass percentage:
Aluminium 3-7,
Chromium 15-25,
Silicon carbide 2-10,
Rare earth 0.03-0.5, surplus is iron.
2. a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rare earth is mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium or rare-earth yttrium.
3. a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material according to claim 2, is characterized in that: comprise the through hole that aperture is 500nm-40um in described porous metal material.
4. the preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material according to claim 3, comprises the steps:
The first step: preparation is containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate of rare earth
According to the quality proportioning of silicon carbide, rare earth in the ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, by the mass ratio of the silicon carbide after amplification in proportion, rare earth, take carborundum powder, rare earth respectively, mixed powder is mixed to get with iron powder, after mixed powder vacuum ball milling is mixed, compression moulding, after 1200-1300 DEG C of vacuum sintering, furnace cooling obtains the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate containing rare earth;
Second step: the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome preparing silicon carbide-containing, rare earth
According to the quality containing the iron-silicon carbide agglomerate middle-weight rare earths of rare earth, silicon carbide, iron that the first step obtains, by each component proportion of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material of design, the iron powder of configuration aluminium ingot, chromium powder and surplus, in 2000-2200 DEG C of melting under argon atmosphere, furnace cooling obtains the aluminium base alloy pig of siderochrome of silicon carbide-containing, rare earth;
3rd step: prepared sizes are at the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder of 1-100um
The broken final vacuum of the aluminium base alloy pig of the siderochrome obtained by second step is milled to the siderochrome aluminium-based alloyed powder that granularity is 1-100um;
4th step: sinter molding
In mass ratio (8-10): (0.5-2): (0.5-1) takes alloy powder, pore-forming material, caking agent prepared by the 3rd step respectively, mix, after compression moulding, under inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, after rising to 600-800 DEG C of insulation with 1-3 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, rise to 1200-1400 DEG C with 5-10 DEG C/min temperature rise rate, sintering, furnace cooling, obtains ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material.
5. the preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in the first step, the vacuum sintering time is 1-3 hour.
6. the preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in second step, in 2000-2200 DEG C of melting 1-3 hour under argon atmosphere.
7. the preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in the 4th step, 600-800 DEG C of insulation 0.5-2 hour, 1200-1400 DEG C, sintering 0.5-2 hour.
8. the preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described pore-forming material is selected from the one in starch, urea, carbon ammonium, and the size range of pore-forming material is 0.5-40um.
9. the preparation method of a kind of ferrum-chromium-aluminum base porous metal material according to claim 4-8 any one, is characterized in that: described binding agent is at least one in polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy Mierocrystalline cellulose, polyoxyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol.
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| CN109022881A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2018-12-18 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Sago is as the purposes of pore creating material, pore creating material and its method for preparing foam metal |
| CN110496967A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-26 | 上海材料研究所 | The method that plasticising extruding prepares infrared burner FeCrAl metal beehive carrier |
| CN113584402A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 西部宝德科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of iron-aluminum-chromium filtering material |
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| CN105803298B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-02-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of method that blister steel is prepared with pore creating material |
| CN109022881A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2018-12-18 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Sago is as the purposes of pore creating material, pore creating material and its method for preparing foam metal |
| CN110496967A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-26 | 上海材料研究所 | The method that plasticising extruding prepares infrared burner FeCrAl metal beehive carrier |
| CN110496967B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-12-28 | 上海材料研究所 | Method for preparing FeCrAl metal honeycomb carrier for infrared burner by plasticizing extrusion |
| CN113584402A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 西部宝德科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of iron-aluminum-chromium filtering material |
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