CN104621411A - Long-chain fatty acid combined rumen regulating agent capable of improving butterfat content of raw milk and using method of regulating agent - Google Patents
Long-chain fatty acid combined rumen regulating agent capable of improving butterfat content of raw milk and using method of regulating agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN104621411A CN104621411A CN201510076152.4A CN201510076152A CN104621411A CN 104621411 A CN104621411 A CN 104621411A CN 201510076152 A CN201510076152 A CN 201510076152A CN 104621411 A CN104621411 A CN 104621411A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long-chain fatty acid combined rumen regulating agent capable of improving butterfat content of raw milk and a using method of the regulating agent. The long-chain fatty acid combined rumen regulating agent capable of improving butterfat content of raw milk mainly consists of the following components: stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, an antioxidant and an adsorbent; and the mass ratio of the stearic acid to the oleic acid to the linoleic acid to the linolenic acid is 3 to 1 to 2 to 3. The regulating agent disclosed by the invention, by regulating rumen microorganisms of dairy cow for fermentation in an acetic acid mode, can increase the proportion of acetic acid, so that the acetic acid is absorbed and utilized; and the butterfat content of raw milk is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal husbandry field, be specifically related to a kind of the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent and the using method thereof that improve raw milk butterfat percnetage.
Background technology
Butterfat contained by milk contains the necessary leukotrienes of human body and arachic acid and multiple liposoluble vitamin, phospholipid etc.In present milk cattle cultivating is produced, butterfat percnetage weighs breast one of bad important indicator of fine quality, is also one of important economic indicator in cattle farm.The heritability of butterfat percnetage is up to 55%, and the butterfat percnetage of holstein cow is generally 3% ~ 5% under normal circumstances, the butterfat percnetage average out to about 3.5% of developed country, and China's milk butterfat percnetage is on average about 3.1%.On the basis that long-term dairy bread is improved, how to give full play to its genetic potential, feeding and management becomes one of key factor improving butterfat percnetage.
The microorganism of cow rumen can produce a large amount of volatile fatty acid VFA to the fermentation of feed nutrient, comprises acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid etc.VFA also exists important impact to host's Nutrition and Metabolism and its function of rumen, and VFA content and ratio difference, different to ruminant physiological action.The butterfat of about 50% is the acetic acid that produces with lumen fermentation for raw material is synthesized by mammary gland, and remainder is then supplied by the fat put aside in the fat of feed or body.Study and find that fat of milk cow reduces cud and mammary gland in syndrome generating process and jointly plays a role, and dominant mechanism is that in cud, butterfat precursor acetic acid ability that is not enough and mammary gland synthesis butterfat is subject to LCFA suppression.The ratio rising of lumen fermentation acetic acid can significantly improve dairy fat content in milk, and butterfat percnetage is proportionate with acetic acid in cud/propionic acid ratio.In cud, microbial community structure is complicated, and the fermentation pattern of different microorganisms is different, and the long-chain unsaturated fatty acid existed in grease then has certain regulating and controlling effect to the structure of rumen microorganism.But at present, only use grease feed to improve Feed Energy Value in Cow product practice, the correlative study do not affected dairy cattle about fatty acid composition product of feeding.In view of different long-chain unsaturated fatty acids has different regulating effects to rumen microorganism, if regulate and control the group structure of rumen microorganism by the LCFA combination that degree of saturation of feeding is different, make it to carry out the fermentation of acetic acid pattern, then can increase the butterfat percnetage of raw milk, more will can promote the nutritive value of milk than single oil and fat product.
This seminar has filtered out the optimum combination of the different LCFA of degree of saturation, and this combination controllable rumen microorganism group structure, is beneficial to the fermentation of acetic acid pattern in cud, is beneficial to the synthesis of butterfat.With formulated fatty acid composition preparations meeting aforementioned proportion such as sunflower oil, linolenic acid, olive oil, stearic acid, add in the raising daily ration of milk cow as rumen microorganism adjusting control agent, then can regulate and control rumen microorganism group structure and its acetic fermentation, the output improving raw milk and butterfat percnetage, and provide the rumen microorganism control additive of an environmental protection for Cow product practice.
The microorganism of cow rumen can produce a large amount of volatile fatty acid VFA to the fermentation of feed nutrient, comprises acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid etc.VFA also exists important impact to host's Nutrition and Metabolism and its function of rumen, and VFA content and ratio difference, different to ruminant physiological action.The butterfat of about 50% is the acetic acid that produces with lumen fermentation for raw material is synthesized by mammary gland, and remainder is then supplied by the fat put aside in the fat of feed or body.Study and find that fat of milk cow reduces cud and mammary gland in syndrome generating process and jointly plays a role, and dominant mechanism is that in cud, butterfat precursor acetic acid ability that is not enough and mammary gland synthesis butterfat is subject to LCFA suppression.The ratio rising of lumen fermentation acetic acid can significantly improve dairy fat content in milk, and butterfat percnetage is proportionate with acetic acid in cud/propionic acid ratio.In cud, microbial community structure is complicated, and the fermentation pattern of different microorganisms is different, and the long-chain unsaturated fatty acid existed in grease then has certain regulating and controlling effect to the structure of rumen microorganism.But at present, only use grease feed to improve Feed Energy Value in Cow product practice, the correlative study do not affected dairy cattle about fatty acid composition product of feeding.In view of different long-chain unsaturated fatty acids has different regulating effects to rumen microorganism, if regulate and control the group structure of rumen microorganism by the LCFA combination that degree of saturation of feeding is different, make it to carry out the fermentation of acetic acid pattern, then can increase the butterfat percnetage of raw milk, more will can promote the nutritive value of milk than single oil and fat product.
At present, a kind of the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent and the using method thereof that improve raw milk butterfat percnetage is lacked.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent and the using method thereof that improve raw milk butterfat percnetage.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the invention provides a kind of LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent improving raw milk butterfat percnetage, the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent key component of described raising raw milk butterfat percnetage is stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, leukotrienes, antioxidant and adsorbent, and the mass ratio of described stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid plus linolenic acid is 3:1:2:3.
Further, the concrete component of LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of described raising raw milk butterfat percnetage is that the concrete Ingredient percent of stearic acid is as follows:
Further, described antioxidant is ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxy anisole or dibutyl hydroxy toluene; Described adsorbent is silica.
The using method of the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of raising raw milk butterfat percnetage of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) traditional feed mode: fine fodder and coarse fodder are separately fed foster, adds LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent every day in milk cow mixed concentrate;
(2) TRM TMR feed mode: mix with dairy cow diet again after LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent mixes with mixed concentrate.
Beneficial effect: cost of the present invention is low, effectively can improve the butterfat percnetage of raw milk.Carry out the fermentation of acetic acid pattern by regulation and control cow rumen microorganism, producing proportion of acetic acid increases, and then the butterfat percnetage of the raw milk that is absorbed and used, improves.The present invention, compared with original fatty powder or fatty acid calcium preparation, not only can provide energy, maintains its demand to energy; The fermentation pattern of all right directed regulation and control rumen microorganism, promotes the acetic fermentation of rumen microorganism, improves the butterfat percnetage of raw milk, finally improve the milk performance of host and the quality of raw milk.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) this LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent is by the group structure of microorganism in regulation and control ruminant tumor gastric Tiny ecosystem, make it to carry out the fermentation of acetic acid pattern, produce proportion of acetic acid and total amount increase, absorbed by cud, and then in mammary gland, increase the amount of mammary gland de novo formation butterfat, thus improve the butterfat percnetage of raw milk.The production performance of lactating ruminants is improved and has certain practical value.For having the lactating ruminants of this digestion method of lumen fermentation, comprise milk cow, milch goat etc.
(2) because this formulation additives amount is few, therefore need mix with fine fodder when using; Unrighted acid is oxidizable, answers low temperature, drying in use, keeps in Dark Place.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further specific descriptions are done to the present invention, but can not be interpreted as it is limiting the scope of the present invention.
Of the present inventionly the invention provides a kind of LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent improving raw milk butterfat percnetage, the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent key component of described raising raw milk butterfat percnetage is stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, leukotrienes, antioxidant and adsorbent, and the mass ratio of described stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid plus linolenic acid is 3:1:2:3.
Described antioxidant is ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxy anisole or dibutyl hydroxy toluene; Described adsorbent is silica.
The using method of the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of raising raw milk butterfat percnetage of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) traditional feed mode: fine fodder and coarse fodder are separately fed foster, adds LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent every day in milk cow mixed concentrate;
(2) TRM TMR feed mode: mix with dairy cow diet again after LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent mixes with mixed concentrate.
Embodiment 1
The component of this compound formulation batching and proportioning: antioxidant is ethoxyquin;
on the impact of cow rumen microorganism In Vitro Fermentation
Adopt in-vitro simulated rumen microorganism culture experiment method.Select that 3 body weight are 650 ± 18kg, average milk production is 19.5 ± 0.5kg and be provided with the holstein cow in 4 years old age of rumen fistula, conventional daily ration of feeding, essence is thick than being 40:60, to provide rumen fluid.It is as shown in table 1 that simulation dairy cow diet prepares culture substrate, carries out in vitro culture test.
Test point: control group: culture substrate+calcium palmitate;
Test group: culture substrate+fatty acid composition;
Test group 2: culture substrate+other fatty acid composition groups, does not embody its result in this material.
After cultivation starts, 0h, 3h, 6h, 9h, 12h, 18h, 24h gather nutrient solution sample, for analyzing nutrient solution pH, ammonia nitrogen concentration and Vfa Concentration, bacterium and the protein of protozoa content etc.
Culture substrate composition (%) is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
The impact of in vitro culture pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
Same index: colleague is without letter or take on marking-up parent phase with representing difference not significantly (p>0.05), and different lowercase alphabet shows significant difference (p<0.05).Following table 3 and table 4 are together.
Result of the test shows: as shown in table 2, and medium pH value and ammonia nitrogen concentration do not have the difference of conspicuousness between two groups, but all in the scope of rumen microorganism suitable growth; The yeastiness of this regulation and control product to rumen microorganism in vitro culture does not have too much influence, but can reduce the ammonia nitrogen concentration after cultivating 18h to a certain extent, and reducing nitrogenous source to a certain extent wastes with the form of ammonia nitrogen.Its main cause may be the increment that inhibit protozoon, facilitates the increment of fiber degradation bacterium and the utilization to ammonia nitrogen thereof simultaneously.
General volatile fatty acid concentration and acetic acid account for the as shown in table 3 of general volatile aliphatic acid:
Table 3
As shown in table 3, the general volatile fatty acid concentration of test group after cultivation 9h and its average be significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), and the ratio that its acetic acid accounts for general volatile aliphatic acid is also changing higher than in the level of control group generally, its average is being significantly higher than control group (p<0.05); The ratio of the general volatile fatty acid concentration that fermentable produces and wherein acetic acid all significantly improves.Show to facilitate the fermentative activity of microorganism and the fermentation of acetic acid pattern.
Microprotein content and protozoon/bacterium as shown in table 4:
Table 4
as shown in table 4, the micro-raw albumen content of test group (micropopulation total amount) is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), and the ratio of its protozoon/bacterium is remarkable in control group (p<0.05).Show that fatty acid composition can regulate and control colony's amount and the group structure of in vitro culture rumen microorganism.
Above result shows, fatty acid composition product can improve the total amount of rumen microorganism, improves the ratio of wherein bacterial community simultaneously, and this is also one of reason that ammonia nitrogen concentration reduces, proportion of acetic acid increases of this group above-mentioned.
Embodiment 2
Antioxidant is butylated hydroxy anisole or dibutyl hydroxy toluene; On the impact of dairy cattle and milk-quality
In the cattle farm of 800 cow in milk scales, select 18 triplets through milking cow, body weight be 630 ± 20kg, 80 ± 3 days lactation periods all basically identical holstein cow.Be divided into 3 groups at random, the conventional daily ration in feeding cow field, test divides 2 groups: one group to be added in daily ration the calcium palmitate adding 1%, the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of another group interpolation 1%, carry out feeding experiment, experimental period is 45d, wherein within 15 days, in order to raise the phase in advance, 30 days for just to try the phase.Just try every day phase and recording the output of milk, and gather milk sample, feed sample, excrement sample, blood sample at 0d, 15d, the 30d just trying the phase.To carry out the mensuration of the indexs such as milk-quality, digestibility, blood.
As shown in table 5 on the impact of blood sugar, serum total cholesterol and total protein:
Table 5
Same index, colleague is without letter or take on marking-up parent phase with representing difference not significantly (P>0.05), and different lowercase alphabet shows significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in table 5, total serum protein does not have significant difference between group, but the serum total cholesterol of test group when test the 30th day significantly lower than control group (p<0.05), although blood sugar does not have significant difference between two groups, but at the 15th day, the 30th day, the blood sugar concentration of control group was numerically higher than test group.The milk cow blood sugar, the serum lipid concentrations that indicate fatty acid composition product do not have conspicuousness to change.Illustrate and the blood parameters of milk cow is not affected significantly.
As shown in table 6 on the impact (dry matter basis/%) of feed intake and feed nutrient digestibility:
Table 6
As shown in table 6, the difference of the feed intake of test group, acid detergent fiber and control group is not remarkable, but at the 15th day, the 30th day, the dry of feed and the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber were significantly higher than control group (p<0.05).Result indicates the degradation rate that fatty acid composition product improves fiber substance really, and this is that this group aforementioned improves In Vitro Fermentation proportion of acetic acid, promotes the reason of acetic fermentation.
As shown in table 7 on the impact of the output of milk, dairy fat content and protein ratio content:
Table 7
As shown in table 7, the test group output of milk of the 30th day is higher than 4.92% of control group; Although the content of milk protein of raw milk does not have difference between group; But when the 15th day, the 30th day, the dairy fat content of test group is significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), difference 3.46%, 3.54%.Namely show that fatty acid composition product significantly improves the butterfat percnetage of raw milk.This mainly can regulate and control the group structure of rumen microorganism due to this product, improves the degradation rate of fiber substance and the ratio of acetic fermentation, promotes the absorption of host to acetic acid and the synthesis of butterfat.
To sum up show, add LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent and can promote that milk cow is to the digestion of fiber substance, improves its milk performance and butterfat percnetage, but on feed intake and host body health status without significant impact.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and description just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims, description and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is improved the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of raw milk butterfat percnetage, it is characterized in that: the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent key component of described raising raw milk butterfat percnetage is stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, leukotrienes, antioxidant and adsorbent, and the mass ratio of described stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid plus linolenic acid is 3:1:2:3.
2. the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of raising raw milk butterfat percnetage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete component of LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of described raising raw milk butterfat percnetage is that the concrete Ingredient percent of stearic acid is as follows:
3. the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of raising raw milk butterfat percnetage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described antioxidant is ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxy anisole or dibutyl hydroxy toluene; Described adsorbent is silica.
4. the using method of the LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent of raising raw milk butterfat percnetage according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) traditional feed mode: fine fodder and coarse fodder are separately fed foster, adds LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent every day in milk cow mixed concentrate;
(2) TRM TMR feed mode: mix with dairy cow diet again after LCFA combination rumen regulation and control agent mixes with mixed concentrate.
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