CN104617473B - Filter with low insertion loss Three links theory narrow linewidth Brillouin optical fiber laser - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of filter with low insertion loss Three links theory narrow linewidth Brillouin optical fiber laser is the optical fiber laser that effect and Wiener ergodic theorem are narrowed using the brillouin gain effect of optical fiber, Brillouin, including narrow-linewidth single frequency continuous wave laser, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, Polarization Controller, optical circulator, optical branching device, single-mode fiber, the Er-doped fiber of non-pumping, electrooptic modulator, signal generator, photodetector and spectrum analyzer.The suitable filter with low insertion loss Three links theory fiber lengths of present invention selection, the threshold value and line width characteristic of Brillouin optical fiber laser can not only be optimized, also effectively reduce system cost, it is measured using line width test system, threshold value is finally obtained for 26mW, line width is less than 300Hz single longitudinal mode Brillouin laser.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of to include narrow-linewidth single frequency continuous wave laser, Er-doped fiber the present invention relates to a kind of optical fiber laser
Amplifier, Polarization Controller, optical circulator, optical branching device, single-mode fiber, the Er-doped fiber of non-pumping, electrooptic modulator, signal
The Three links theory Low threshold narrow linewidth Brillouin optical fiber laser of generator, photodetector and spectrum analyzer.
Background technology
Because stimulated Brillouin scattering has the low characteristic of narrow bandwidth noise, it is widely used in distributing optical fiber sensing, narrow
Band low noise amplifier, narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser and microwave photon generator etc., especially, from researchers such as Hill in 1976
（Appl. Phys. Lett. 1976, 28(10): 608-609.）Propose first after Brillouin optical fiber laser, due to cloth
In deep optical fiber laser the advantage such as narrow linewidth, Low threshold and low cost, attracted the concern and research of Many researchers, therefore
Domestic and foreign scholars are also concentrated mainly on these three directions.
According to the basic theories of Brillouin optical fiber laser（Opt. Lett., vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 509–
511, 1982.）, if it is desired to obtain narrower line width and lower threshold value, it is necessary to improve the Q values of resonator, that is, improve chamber
The ratio of self-energy and the outer energy of chamber, has carried out the research work of correlation for this many researcher.The researchers such as Yong use
Asymmetrical Mach Zehnder interferometry structure has obtained exporting less than the single longitudinal mode of 1kHz line widths（J. Lightw. Technol.,
vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 546–554, Feb. 2003）, pump is filtered out by asymmetrical Mach Zehnder interferometry respectively
Pu light and Brillouin laser, because there was only Brillouin laser in resonator, it is possible to effectively reduce cavity loss, though this structure
Distributed Feedback Laser that is so simple and using commercialization, but this structure also needs to a high accuracy（0.01℃）Insulating box come
Ensure its filtering characteristic；The Fa-Po cavity that the researchers such as Shen are constituted using Bragg grating realizes 11GHz microwave signal（J.
Lightwave Technol. 23, 1860-1865,2005.）, but need accurate adjustment FBG reflectivity just to obtain narrow
Line width is exported, and so virtually increases the loss of resonant cavity loop；The researchers such as Geng have used PDH（Pound-
Drever-Hall）Systems stabilisation（IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. vol. 18, no. 17, pp. 1813–
1815, Sep. 1, 2006.）, 75Hz theoretical line width values are realized, but this configuration is more complex and high cost.Above-mentioned experiment dress
Put all exist a general character the problem of, be exactly resonator ring length all in the range of 10m ~ 20m, it can limit Brillouin light
The further optimization of fibre laser line width and threshold value.
For the limitation of ring length, the researcher such as Chen extends to cavity length 500m highly nonlinear optical fiber,
In this, as the medium for providing brillouin gain（Appl. Phys. B, vol. 107, no. 3, pp. 791–794,
2012.）, while being equipped with adaptive ultra-narrow bandpass filter, single longitudinal mode laser output is realized, but it is real not measure its
Line width values, and this adaptive ultra-narrow bandpass filter needs accurate control pumping light power, and which adds the damage of chamber
Consumption, does not reach the effect of optimization laser threshold, while 500m highly nonlinear optical fiber price is also very expensive.
In order to both ensure the characteristic of narrow linewidth and Low threshold, and the effectively cost of reduction system, in the urgent need to exploitation is a kind of
Both the threshold value and line width characteristic of laser can have been optimized, the Brillouin optical fiber laser of system cost can be effectively reduced again.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problem of above-mentioned prior art is present, the present invention provides a kind of low threshold value, line width and cost is low
Filter with low insertion loss Three links theory Brillouin optical fiber laser.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of filter with low insertion loss Three links theory narrow linewidth Brillouin optical fiber laser, including narrow-linewidth single frequency continuous wave laser, er-doped
Fiber amplifier, Polarization Controller, optical circulator, optical branching device, single-mode fiber, the Er-doped fiber of non-pumping, electrooptic modulator,
Signal generator, photodetector and spectrum analyzer；It is characterized in that：Narrow-linewidth single frequency continuous wave laser is used as Brillouin light
The pump light of fibre laser, after erbium-doped fiber amplifier, the first Polarization Controller and optical circulator, is injected into first undershoot
Damage in single-pass loop, wherein the first Polarization Controller is used for adjusting the polarization state between pump light and stokes wave；Pump light
Only run one week in resonator, along clockwise direction through the first single-mode fiber, the first optical branching device, the 5th optical branching device after elder generation
With the second optical branching device, stop in the 3rd port of optical circulator；When pumping light power is more than the threshold value of stimulated Brillouin scattering
When, produce backward Brillouin laser, Brillouin laser in the counterclockwise direction successively by optical circulator, the second optical branching device,
Occurs resonance after 5th optical branching device, the first optical branching device and the first single-mode fiber, wherein a port of the 5th optical branching device
It is used as the output end of laser；In order to ensure that laser single longitudinal mode is run, be additionally arranged two filter with low insertion loss loop filters, one by
First optical branching device and the second single-mode fiber composition, another is made up of the Er-doped fiber of the second optical branching device and non-pumping, according to
According to Wiener ergodic theorem, suitable fiber lengths are selected, it is possible to obtain narrow linewidth single longitudinal mode Brillouin optical fiber laser；Line is used afterwards
Wide measuring system carries out spectral observation and wire width measuring to the laser exported from optical branching device, and the light of output passes through the 3rd optical branching
Device is divided into two-way, all the way by the second Polarization Controller and electrooptic modulator, and frequency shift signal, Ling Yilu are provided with signal generator
Converge after the 3rd single-mode fiber with first via light at the 4th optical branching device, output light is after photodetector, with frequency
Spectrometer is measured.
Based on above-mentioned technical proposal, further supplementary technology scheme is as follows.
(1) the narrow-linewidth single frequency laser is that centre wavelength is 1550nm, and spectral line width is 10kHz, while touching rejection ratio>
35dB, peak power output is 5mW continuous operation laser.
(2) its gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is 15dB, and wave-length coverage is 1528 ~ 1565nm.
(3) first single-mode fiber, the second single-mode fiber and the 3rd single-mode fiber be length be respectively 1km, 100m and
27km G.652 single-mode fiber.
(4) length of the Er-doped fiber of the non-pumping is 10m.
(5) splitting ratio of first optical branching device, the second optical branching device, the 3rd optical branching device and the 4th optical branching device is all
It is 50: 50, and the splitting ratio of the 5th optical branching device is 10: 90.
(6) the high-speed photodetector responsive bandwidth is 0 ~ 12GHz, and response wave length scope is 400 ~ 1650nm.
(7) the frequency spectrograph bandwidth is 0 ~ 26.5GHz, and minimum resolution is 1Hz.
A kind of above-mentioned the provided filter with low insertion loss Three links theory narrow linewidth Brillouin optical fiber laser technical scheme of the present invention is provided,
Compared with existing Brillouin optical fiber laser technology, the single-mode laser output of Low threshold and narrow linewidth is realized, and cost is low,
Its advantage is embodied in following two aspect with good effect：
One is the resonator inner fiber extension to 1km compared with existing Brillouin optical fiber laser, and optical fiber used
It is now widely used G.652 standard single-mode fiber, so not only can effectively optimizes laser threshold and line width, can be with
Reduce system cost；
Two be compared with existing Brillouin optical fiber laser, to have used filter with low insertion loss Three links theory device, both need not accurately control
The power of pump light processed, and extra cavity loss is not introduced, the threshold value of laser is effectively reduced, and imitate according to wiener
Should, it is ensured that the single longitudinal mode running status of laser.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Brillouin optical fiber laser of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that wire width measuring is carried out to Brillouin optical fiber laser of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is Brillouin optical fiber laser single-pass loop spectrum measurement result of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is spectrum measurement result after Brillouin optical fiber laser filter with low insertion loss Three links theory of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is Brillouin optical fiber laser threshold curve test result of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is Brillouin optical fiber laser line width test result of the present invention.
In figure：1：Narrow-linewidth single frequency laser；2：Erbium-doped fiber amplifier；3：First Polarization Controller；4：Optical circulator；
5：First single-mode fiber；6：Second single-mode fiber；7：The Er-doped fiber of non-pumping；8a：First optical branching device；8b：Second light point
Road device；8c：3rd optical branching device；8d：4th optical branching device；9：5th optical branching device；a：Wire width measuring system；10：Second is inclined
Shake controller；11：Electrooptic modulator；12：Signal generator；13：3rd single-mode fiber；14：Photodetector；15：Frequency spectrum point
Analyzer.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is further illustrated below.
As described in accompanying drawing 1- accompanying drawings 6, implement a kind of above-mentioned the provided filter with low insertion loss Three links theory narrow linewidth Brillouin of the present invention
Optical fiber laser, the sensor includes narrow-linewidth single frequency laser 1；Erbium-doped fiber amplifier 2；First Polarization Controller 3；The ring of light
Shape device 4；First single-mode fiber 5；Second single-mode fiber 6；The Er-doped fiber 7 of non-pumping；First optical branching device 8a；Second optical branching
Device 8b；3rd optical branching device 8c；4th optical branching device 8d；5th optical branching device 9；Wire width measuring system a；Second Polarization Controller
10；Electrooptic modulator 11；Signal generator 12；3rd single-mode fiber 13；Photodetector 14 and spectrum analyzer 15.
Based on above-mentioned constitutive requirements, constituent relation of the invention is：Narrow-linewidth single frequency continuous wave laser 1 is used as Brillouin
The pump light of optical fiber laser, after erbium-doped fiber amplifier 2, the first Polarization Controller 3 and optical circulator 4, is injected into first
In filter with low insertion loss single-pass loop, wherein the first Polarization Controller 3 is used for adjusting the polarization state between pump light and stokes wave；Pump
Pu light is only run one week in the first filter with low insertion loss single-pass loop, along clockwise direction through the first single-mode fiber 5, the first light point after elder generation
Road device 8a, the 5th optical branching device 9 and the second optical branching device 8b, stop in the 3rd port of optical circulator 4；When pumping light power is big
When the threshold value of stimulated Brillouin scattering, backward Brillouin laser is produced, Brillouin laser successively passes through in the counterclockwise direction
Occur after optical circulator 4, the second optical branching device 8b, the 5th optical branching device 9, the first optical branching device 8a and the first single-mode fiber 5 humorous
Shake, wherein output end of a port of the 5th optical branching device 9 as laser；In order to ensure that laser single longitudinal mode is run, increase
If two filter with low insertion loss loop filters, one is made up of the first optical branching device 8a and the second single-mode fiber 6, another is by second
Optical branching device 8b and the Er-doped fiber of non-pumping 7 are constituted, according to Wiener ergodic theorem, select suitable fiber lengths, it is possible to obtain
Narrow linewidth single longitudinal mode Brillouin optical fiber laser；The laser exported from the 5th optical branching device 9 is entered with wire width measuring system a afterwards
Row spectral observation and wire width measuring, it is two-way that the light of output divides by the 3rd optical branching device 8c, all the way by the second Polarization Control
Device 10 and electrooptic modulator 11, frequency shift signal is provided with signal generator 12, and another road is after the 3rd single-mode fiber 13 and the
Light converges at the 4th optical branching device 8d all the way, and output light is measured after photodetector 14 with spectrum analyzer 15.
Based on above-mentioned embodiment, the further specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
First supplementary technology embodiment is：The narrow-linewidth single frequency laser 1 used be centre wavelength for 1550nm, light
The a width of 10kHz of spectral line, while touching rejection ratio>35dB, peak power output is 5mW continuous operation laser.
Second supplementary technology embodiment is：Its gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier used is 15dB, and wave-length coverage is
1528~1565nm。
3rd supplementary technology embodiment is：The three single mode sensor fibre length used be followed successively by 1km, 100m and
27km G.652 single-mode fiber.
4th supplementary technology embodiment is：The length for using the Er-doped fiber of non-pumping is 10m.
5th supplementary technology embodiment is：The first optical branching device, the second optical branching device, the 3rd optical branching device used
Splitting ratio with the 4th optical branching device is all 50: 50, and the splitting ratio of the 5th optical branching device is 10: 90.
6th supplementary technology embodiment is：The high-speed photodetector responsive bandwidth of mixing used is 0 ~ 12GHz, response
Wave-length coverage is 400 ~ 1650nm.
7th supplementary technology embodiment is：The frequency spectrograph bandwidth used is 0 ~ 26.5GHz, and minimum resolution is 1Hz.
In above-mentioned specific embodiment, as described in Figure 1, the narrow-linewidth single frequency laser 1 of the sensor is new adds
The single-frequency laser that slope Denselight companies release, it has the advantages that power output height and line width；Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Device 2 is the desk-top fiber amplifier of the serial C-band high powers of MARS of Shanghai Han Yu Fibre Optical Communication Technologies Co., Ltd；Photodetection
Device 14 is the highly sensitive detector that German U2T companies release；Frequency spectrograph is the N9020 signal analyzers that Keysight companies release
15。
The operation principle of the Brillouin optical fiber laser used is as follows：
In optical fiber, nonlinear interaction occurs for sound wave in incident laser and optical fiber, and light wave is produced by electrostriction
Sound wave, causes the periodic modulation of optical fibre refractivity, produces anti-Stokes and the Stokes Brillouin of the upper and lower shifting of frequency
Scattered light, the Brillouin shift produced in a fiber, it is expressed as
(1)
Wherein,For pumping light frequency,For the velocity of sound,For the light velocity,It is about 10GHz near 1550nm.Single-pass
Resonator fiber lengths are 1km, in order to obtain single mode running status, are equipped with the loop filter of filter with low insertion loss, one of them is by 50:
50 optical branching devices and 100m length single-mode fiber composition, another is by 50:50 optical branching devices and the er-doped light of the non-pumping of 10m length
Fibre composition, according to Wiener ergodic theorem, effective free frequency spectrum of resonator is wide（It can be expressed as：
(2)
WhereinRepresent that the free frequency spectrum of Three links theory is wide,It is corresponding for Three links theory
Length,For integer, therefore, only when a certain frequency reaches brillouin gain maximum, and three are met simultaneously
During the condition of resonance of loop, single-mode laser output is begun with.
Output laser state is tested with structure shown in accompanying drawing 2, single mode running status, such as accompanying drawing have been observed first
It is multimode running status in brillouin gain bandwidth there was only the spectrum results of single-pass loop shown in 3 and Fig. 4, and between frequency
Wide every free frequency spectrum corresponding equal to 1km ring length, Fig. 4 is then the spectrum results after configuration filter with low insertion loss Three links theory, it can be seen that
The only one of which frequency starting of oscillation in brillouin gain bandwidth, can prove that the light that institute's lasing goes out is single mode running status.
The threshold value and line width respectively to laser are measured afterwards, threshold valueWith effective fiber lengthIn the presence of
Following relation：
(3)
WhereinIt is 0.9 for the output coupling ratio of resonator,For the effective cross-sectional area of optical fiber,For the ring of filter with low insertion loss three
The summation of road fiber lengths,For effective length,For fiber attenuation coefficient,Optical fiber
Brillouin gain coefficient, understand that threshold value is about 20mW by calculating, be the laser output of actual measurement as shown in Figure 5
Power, power output and pumping light power claim linear relationship, and actual threshold is 26mW, and theory analysis difference 6mW, former
Because be by random polarization noise caused by, Polarization Controller can not adjust the polarization state of pump light and Brillouin laser well.
Afterwards with wire width measuring system a to having carried out wire width measuring from laser, effect is narrowed according to Brillouin, Brillouin swashs
Optical linewidthWith pumping optical linewidthThere is following relation：
(4)
Wherein,For SATT rate, andFor the bandwidth of brillouin gain, also have
Cavity loss rate.Understand that line width can be narrowed two orders of magnitude by calculating, be as shown in Figure 6 reality
The line width values that border is measured, because time delay optical fiber length is 27km, its corresponding resolution ratio is 6kHz, therefore reading -20dB positions
Bandwidth value, by calculate be obtained with true line width values, a width of 6kHz bandwidth of -20dB band of positions is known from figure, is pushed away
Calculation can obtain actual linewidth value less than 300Hz, as a result basically identical with theoretical analysis result.
Above-mentioned Brillouin optical fiber laser has the advantages that Low threshold, narrow linewidth and low cost, coordinates filter with low insertion loss Three links theory
Device, it is ensured that laser single longitudinal mode output state, is finally obtained the single longitudinal mode laser of 26mW threshold values and 300Hz line widths,
This laser can be used for Fibre Optical Sensor, microwave photon, coherent light communication etc..
Claims (1)
1. a kind of filter with low insertion loss Three links theory narrow linewidth Brillouin optical fiber laser, including narrow-linewidth single frequency continuous wave laser, er-doped light
Fiber amplifier, Polarization Controller, optical circulator, optical branching device, single-mode fiber, the Er-doped fiber of non-pumping, electrooptic modulator, letter
Number generator, photodetector and spectrum analyzer；It is characterized in that：The narrow-linewidth single frequency continuous wave laser (1) is used as cloth
In deep optical fiber laser pump light, after erbium-doped fiber amplifier (2), the first Polarization Controller (3) and optical circulator (4),
Be injected into the first filter with low insertion loss single-pass loop, wherein the first Polarization Controller (3) be used to adjusting pump light and stokes wave it
Between polarization state, with obtain maximum brillouin gain；Pump light is only run one week in the first filter with low insertion loss single-pass loop, along suitable
Through the first single-mode fiber (5), the first optical branching device (8a), the 5th optical branching device (9) and the second optical branching device after clockwise elder generation
(8b), stops in the 3rd port of optical circulator (4)；When pumping light power is more than the threshold value of stimulated Brillouin scattering, produce
Backward Brillouin laser, Brillouin laser in the counterclockwise direction successively by optical circulator (4), the second optical branching device (8b),
Resonance occurs afterwards for the 5th optical branching device (9), the first optical branching device (8a) and the first single-mode fiber (5), wherein the 5th optical branching device
(9) a port as laser output end；Two filter with low insertion loss loop filters are additionally arranged simultaneously, and one by the first light point
Road device (8a) and the second single-mode fiber (6) are constituted, and another is by the second optical branching device (8b) and Er-doped fiber (7) structure of non-pumping
Into, it is possible to obtain narrow linewidth single longitudinal mode Brillouin optical fiber laser；Afterwards with wire width measuring system (a) to from the 5th optical branching
The laser of device (9) output carries out spectral observation and wire width measuring, and the light of output is divided into two-way by the 3rd optical branching device (8c), and one
The second Polarization Controller (10) and electrooptic modulator (11) are passed through in road, and frequency shift signal, Ling Yilu are provided with signal generator (12)
Converge after the 3rd single-mode fiber (13) with first via light at the 4th optical branching device (8d) place, output light passes through photodetector
(14) after, measured with spectrum analyzer (15)；
The narrow-linewidth single frequency continuous wave laser (1) is that centre wavelength is 1550nm, and spectral line width is 10kHz, while touching rejection ratio>
35dB, peak power output is 5mW continuous operation laser；
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (2) gain is 15dB, and wave-length coverage is 1528 ~ 1565nm；
First single-mode fiber (5), the second single-mode fiber (6) and the 3rd single-mode fiber (13) are that length is 1km, 100m respectively
With 27km G.652 single-mode fiber, the length of the Er-doped fiber (7) of the non-pumping is 10m；
First optical branching device (8a), the second optical branching device (8b), the 3rd optical branching device (8c) and the 4th optical branching device (8d)
Splitting ratio be 50: 50；The splitting ratio of 5th optical branching device (9) is 10: 90；
The responsive bandwidth of the photodetector (14) is 0 ~ 12GHz, and response wave length scope is 400 ~ 1650nm；
The bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer (15) is 0 ~ 26.5GHz, and minimum resolution is 1Hz.
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| CN105099566A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | Device for generating millimeter wave signals by using double independent tunable fiber lasers |
| CN105606140B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2018-04-13 | 太原理工大学 | Low-frequency acquisition without pumping multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser sensor |
| CN105896270B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2019-07-19 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Laser linewidth based on stimulated Brillouin scattering narrows device |
| CN108879304A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-23 | 太原理工大学 | Fiber grating Brillouin optical fiber laser based on non-pump erbium-doped optical fiber ring |
| CN109244818A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 太原理工大学 | Self-excitation multiple wavelength Brillouin erbium-doped optical fiber laser based on optical fiber faraday's polariscope ring structure |
| CN110277730B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-11-10 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Integrated Brillouin scattering laser |
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| CN101257177A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Self-excitation multiple wavelength Brillouin erbium-doped optical fiber laser |
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| tunable S-band erbium-doped triple-ring laser with single-longitudinal-mode operation;C.H.Yeh,..etc;《Optics Express》;20070122;第15卷(第2期);附图1、正文第2部分 * |
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