CN104612659B - A kind of determination method of the critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well - Google Patents

A kind of determination method of the critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well Download PDF

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CN104612659B
CN104612659B CN201510068218.5A CN201510068218A CN104612659B CN 104612659 B CN104612659 B CN 104612659B CN 201510068218 A CN201510068218 A CN 201510068218A CN 104612659 B CN104612659 B CN 104612659B
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CN104612659A (en
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李龙龙
潘琳
李宗宇
姚田万
何云峰
徐士胜
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China University of Geosciences
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of determination method of the critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well, gas well parameter is gathered first, then liquid mixture density and liquid mixed phase viscosity are calculated, liquid equation is taken for gas well type using the horizontal gas well gas of low gas liquid rate or low gas liquid rate straight well gas is taken liquid equation and is fitted, obtain the maximum of daily fluid production rate, the as critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well.The invention provides the model of a kind of low gas liquid rate gas well daily output tolerance and daily fluid production rate relation, in model design parameter be gas well shaft bottom, well head daily must test, continuous data.Complicated gas in pit shaft is characterized with this model and takes liquid relation, it is possible to achieve the real-time monitoring to pit shaft situation, determine the critical liquid carry over of water breakthrough gas well and rational productivity on this basis, important evidence can be provided for predicting that pit shaft hydrops and later stage produce measure.

Description

A kind of determination method of the critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of determination method of the critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well, belongs to mining technique field.
Background technology
After stratum water enters shaft bottom, gas liquid two-phase flow is changed into by single-phase flow (gas) in pit shaft, according to gas flow rate Change with gas liquid ratio, in pit shaft, be likely to occur four kinds of flow regimes such as bubble stream, slug flow, circulation, spray.When pit shaft is in spray During state, the drop model headed by turner can be used to ask for the critical liquid carry over of gas well, but when gas well is in non-spray shape During state, still it is not applied to the computation model of the condition at present, and in real work, will typically experiences after gas well water breakthrough non- How the production process of spray state, calculate the critical liquid carry over of gas well under non-spray state, to extending the gas well liquid loading time, carries High gas well recovery ratio is significant.
Content of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of determination side of the critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well Method, can solve whether real-time monitoring, prediction pit shaft hydrops time and to calculate low gas liquid rate to existing low gas liquid rate gas well plug-ging The problems such as gas well rational productivity, and then gas well recovery ratio is improved, increase its economic benefit.
The present invention for the solution technical scheme that adopts of its technical problem is：Take there is provided a kind of low gas liquid rate gas well is critical Liquid method for determination of amount, specifically includes following steps：
(1) gas well parameter is gathered, and the gas well parameter includes well head pressure P1, bottom pressure P2, wellhead temperature T1, shaft bottom Temperature T2, pipe aperture d, stratum water density ρw, oil density ρo, water viscosity σw, oil viscosity σo, water accounting example in production fluid α1, oily accounting example α in production fluid2, and daily output tolerance qg, and according to well head pressure P1, wellhead temperature T1Under the conditions of determining well head Gaseous Z-factor Z1With gas density ρ under the conditions of well headg1, according to bottom pressure P2, bottom hole temperature (BHT) T2Determine under downhole condition Gaseous Z-factor Z2With gas density ρ under downhole conditiong2；
(2) liquid mixture density ρ is calculated according to below equationL：
ρL=α1·ρw+α2·ρo
(3) liquid mixed phase viscosity σ is calculated according to below equation：
σ=α1·σw+α2·σo
(4) judge the well type of gas well, if gas well is horizontal well, liquid equation is taken using the horizontal gas well gas of low gas liquid rate and be fitted：
Wherein, qLDaily fluid production rate is represented, unit is m3/d；qgDaily output tolerance is represented, unit is m3/d；Z1Represent well head condition Under Gaseous Z-factor；Z2Represent the Gaseous Z-factor under downhole condition；P1Well head pressure is represented, unit is MPa；P2Table Show bottom pressure, unit is MPa；T1Wellhead temperature is represented, unit is K；T2Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is represented, unit is K；D is represented in oil pipe Footpath, unit are m；ρg1Gas density under the conditions of well head is represented, unit is kg/m3；ρg2Represent gas density under downhole condition, unit For kg/m3；ρLLiquid mixture density is represented, unit is kg/m3, unit represents liquid mixed phase viscosity for σ, and unit is N/m；
If gas well is straight well, liquid Equation for Calculating daily fluid production rate is taken using low gas liquid rate straight well gas：
Wherein, qLDaily fluid production rate is represented, unit is m3/d；qgDaily output tolerance is represented, unit is m3/d；Z1Represent well head condition Under Gaseous Z-factor；Z2Represent the Gaseous Z-factor under downhole condition；P1Well head pressure is represented, unit is MPa；P2Table Show bottom pressure, unit is MPa；T1Wellhead temperature is represented, unit is K；T2Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is represented, unit is K；D is represented in oil pipe Footpath, unit are m；ρg1Gas density under the conditions of well head is represented, unit is kg/m3；ρg2Represent gas density under downhole condition, unit For kg/m3；ρLLiquid mixture density is represented, unit is kg/m3, unit represents liquid mixed phase viscosity for σ, and unit is N/m；
The horizontal gas well gas of low gas liquid rate takes liquid equation or low gas liquid rate straight well gas takes the maximum that daily fluid production rate reaches in liquid equation It is worth for critical liquid carry over.
The present invention is had advantageous effect in that based on its technical scheme：The invention provides low gas liquid rate gas well is critical The determination method of liquid carry over, it is determined that the relation of gas well parameter and daily fluid production rate, its parameter be gas well shaft bottom, well head daily Test data, variable are simple, it is only necessary to which daily one surveys, and characterize complicated gas in pit shaft with this and take liquid relation, it is possible to achieve to well The real-time monitoring of tubular condition, determines critical liquid carry on this basis, calculates accurately, can be prediction pit shaft hydrops and later stage life Product measure provides important evidence.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is gas well gas production and maximum liquid carry over relation schematic diagram when stablizing feed flow.
Fig. 2 is liquid carry over and the actual liquid carry over contrast of gas well under the same terms that low gas liquid rate gas takes that liquid Equation for Calculating goes out Figure, wherein Fig. 2 (1) and Fig. 2 (2), Fig. 2 (3) are certain straight well, certain horizontal well first and certain horizontal well second respectively by low gas-liquid respectively The actual liquid carry over comparison diagram of liquid carry over that liquid Equation for Calculating goes out and gas well under the same terms is taken than gas.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention is theoretical based on change of flow state between air-liquid, infers gas well gas flow (flow velocity) and its maximum liquid carry over Between Changing Pattern.As shown in figure 1, when being spray state between gas-liquid in pit shaft, the gas production of gas well takes liquid with its maximum Measure as nearly proportional relation；When in pit shaft between gas-liquid being non-spray state, from bubble stream, slug flow to transition flow, gas well gas production Be nearly parabolic relation with maximum liquid carry over, during due to slug stream mode, loss reduction is slipped between gas-liquid, therefore, in circle mark The gas liquid carry over marginal value of the slug stream mode at knowledge reaches maximum.
Independent variable and dependent variable are respectively with its maximum liquid carry over gas production, with binomial equation as basic mathematical mould Type, carries out Model fitting using the corresponding liquid carry over of hydrops low gas liquid rate gas well gas production, determines in equation Quadratic term, first order and constant term coefficient.
During pit shaft gas takes liquid, gas liquid carry over depends mainly on the size of its primary power and takes energy during liquid Loss, therefore, each coefficient in mathematical model is bottom pressure, bottom hole temperature (BHT), tubing diameter, well head pressure, wellhead temperature, gas The isoparametric Integrative expression of body density, liquid viscosity.By analyzing to low gas liquid rate Wellbore of Gas Wells phase and related data, After gas well enters non-spray state, and not all well section is non-spray state flowing, but by spray and non-spray phase group Conjunction is formed.Comprehensive analysis thinks that low gas liquid rate gas well gas is taken in liquid equation, quadratic term coefficient represent non-spray phase affect because Son, once phase coefficient represent spray phase factor of influence, thus propose low gas liquid rate gas well gas take liquid model, wherein low gas liquid rate Horizontal gas well gas takes liquid model：
Low gas liquid rate straight well gas takes liquid model：
Wherein, qLDaily fluid production rate is represented, unit is m3/d；qgDaily output tolerance is represented, unit is m3/d；Z1Represent well head condition Under Gaseous Z-factor；Z2Represent the Gaseous Z-factor under downhole condition；P1Well head pressure is represented, unit is MPa；P2Table Show bottom pressure, unit is MPa；T1Wellhead temperature is represented, unit is K；T2Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is represented, unit is K；D is represented in oil pipe Footpath, unit are m；ρg1Gas density under the conditions of well head is represented, unit is kg/m3；ρg2Represent gas density under downhole condition, unit For kg/m3；ρLLiquid mixture density is represented, unit is kg/m3, unit represents liquid mixed phase viscosity for σ, and unit is N/m.
Oil gas water three phase is shown as in certain gas condensate reservoir product well pit shaft to coexist, high low gas liquid rate boundary line is 1300.
1 well (straight well)：
After pit shaft starts hydrops, gas well output gas liquid ratio 400-1000 shows as the non-spray flow regime of oil gas water three phase.
2 wells (horizontal well)：
After pit shaft starts hydrops, gas well output gas liquid ratio 800-1000 shows as the non-spray flow regime of oil gas water three phase.
3 wells (horizontal well)：
After pit shaft starts hydrops, gas well output gas liquid ratio 1000-2000, in pit shaft oil gas water three phase from spray state progressively Transit to slug flow.
4 wells (horizontal well)：
After pit shaft starts hydrops, gas well output gas liquid ratio 900-1900, in pit shaft oil gas water three phase from spray state progressively Transit to slug flow.
The related data of the gas well parameter for collecting described in each well is as shown in the table：
The each well well head of certain gas condensate reservoir of table 1 and shaft bottom basic parameter table
This is based on, the invention provides a kind of determination method of the critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well, reference Fig. 3, specifically Comprise the following steps：
(1) gas well parameter is gathered, and the gas well parameter includes well head pressure P1, bottom pressure P2, wellhead temperature T1, shaft bottom Temperature T2, pipe aperture d, stratum water density ρw, oil density ρo, water viscosity σw, oil viscosity σo, water accounting example in production fluid α1, oily accounting example α in production fluid2, and daily output tolerance qg, and according to well head pressure P1, wellhead temperature T1Under the conditions of determining well head Gaseous Z-factor Z1With gas density ρ under the conditions of well headg1, according to bottom pressure P2, bottom hole temperature (BHT) T2Determine under downhole condition Gaseous Z-factor Z2With gas density ρ under downhole conditiong2；
(2) liquid mixture density ρ is calculated according to below equationL：
ρL=α1·ρw+α2·ρo
(3) liquid mixed phase viscosity σ is calculated according to below equation：
σ=α1·σw+α2·σo
(4) judge the well type of gas well, if gas well is horizontal well, liquid equation is taken using the horizontal gas well gas of low gas liquid rate and intended Close：
Wherein, qLDaily fluid production rate is represented, unit is m3/d；qgDaily output tolerance is represented, unit is m3/d；Z1Represent well head condition Under Gaseous Z-factor；Z2Represent the Gaseous Z-factor under downhole condition；P1Well head pressure is represented, unit is MPa；P2Table Show bottom pressure, unit is MPa；T1Wellhead temperature is represented, unit is K；T2Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is represented, unit is K；D is represented in oil pipe Footpath, unit are m；ρg1Gas density under the conditions of well head is represented, unit is kg/m3；ρg2Represent gas density under downhole condition, unit For kg/m3；ρLLiquid mixture density is represented, unit is kg/m3, unit represents liquid mixed phase viscosity for σ, and unit is N/m；
If gas well is straight well, liquid Equation for Calculating daily fluid production rate is taken using low gas liquid rate straight well gas：
Wherein, qLDaily fluid production rate is represented, unit is m3/d；qgDaily output tolerance is represented, unit is m3/d；Z1Represent well head condition Under Gaseous Z-factor；Z2Represent the Gaseous Z-factor under downhole condition；P1Well head pressure is represented, unit is MPa；P2Table Show bottom pressure, unit is MPa；T1Wellhead temperature is represented, unit is K；T2Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is represented, unit is K；D is represented in oil pipe Footpath, unit are m；ρg1Gas density under the conditions of well head is represented, unit is kg/m3；ρg2Represent gas density under downhole condition, unit For kg/m3；ρLLiquid mixture density is represented, unit is kg/m3, unit represents liquid mixed phase viscosity for σ, and unit is N/m；
The horizontal gas well gas of low gas liquid rate takes liquid equation or low gas liquid rate straight well gas takes the maximum that daily fluid production rate reaches in liquid equation It is worth for critical liquid carry over, the daily fluid production rate is the rational productivity of the well.In Fig. 2, empty circles represent actual saturation liquid carry over, real Heart triangle is represented takes liquid equation by the horizontal gas well gas of low gas liquid rate or low gas liquid rate straight well gas is taken the saturation of liquid Equation for Calculating and takes liquid Amount, wherein Fig. 2 (1) and Fig. 2 (2), Fig. 2 (3) are certain straight well, certain horizontal well first and certain horizontal well second respectively by low gas-liquid respectively The actual liquid carry over comparison diagram of liquid carry over that liquid Equation for Calculating goes out and gas well under the same terms is taken than gas.If the true liquid carry over of gas well Calculated value is reached, is then illustrated that gas well reaches saturation and takes liquid status, is likely to occur pit shaft hydrops at any time, if conversely, true Liquid carry over is less than calculated value, then explanation gas well is not up to saturation and takes liquid status, and pit shaft is without hydrops.When the true liquid carry over of gas well When reaching calculated value, the well just should take artificial discharge opeing measure in time, to extend the gas well liquid loading time, improve recovery ratio. Meanwhile, maximum liquid carry under non-spray state can be obtained according to computing formula, the value is the rational productivity of gas well adjustment, Under the conditions of the production capacity, the liquid that identical gas production portability goes out at most, can reduce artificial discharge opeing to greatest extent and spend.

Claims (1)

1. the determination method of the critical liquid carry over of a kind of low gas liquid rate gas well, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
(1) gas well parameter is gathered, and the gas well parameter includes well head pressure P1, bottom pressure P2, wellhead temperature T1, bottom hole temperature (BHT) T2, pipe aperture d, stratum water density ρw, oil density ρo, water viscosity σw, oil viscosity σo, water accounting example α in production fluid1、 Oily accounting example α in production fluid2, and daily output tolerance qg, and according to well head pressure P1, wellhead temperature T1Under the conditions of determining well head Gaseous Z-factor Z1With gas density ρ under the conditions of well headg1, according to bottom pressure P2, bottom hole temperature (BHT) T2Determine under downhole condition Gaseous Z-factor Z2With gas density ρ under downhole conditiong2；
(2) liquid mixture density ρ is calculated according to below equationL：
ρL=α1·ρw+α2·ρo
(3) liquid mixed phase viscosity σ is calculated according to below equation：
σ=α1·σw+α2·σo
(4) judge the well type of gas well, if gas well is horizontal well, liquid Equation for Calculating daily output liquid is taken using the horizontal gas well gas of low gas liquid rate Amount：
q L = - Z 1 ( P 2 - P 1 ) · d 2 · π 40 · Z 2 · P 1 · P 2 · T 2 · q g 2 + 1 T 2 · q g - 3.3 · ρ g 1 · ρ g 2 ( ρ L - ρ g 2 ) · σ · T 1
Wherein, qLDaily fluid production rate is represented, unit is m3/d；qgDaily output tolerance is represented, unit is m3/d；Z1Under the conditions of representing well head Gaseous Z-factor；Z2Represent the Gaseous Z-factor under downhole condition；P1Well head pressure is represented, unit is MPa；P2Represent well Bottom pressure, unit are MPa；T1Wellhead temperature is represented, unit is K；T2Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is represented, unit is K；D represents pipe aperture, Unit is m；ρg1Gas density under the conditions of well head is represented, unit is kg/m3；ρg2Represent that gas density under downhole condition, unit are kg/m3；ρLLiquid mixture density is represented, unit is kg/m3, σ represents liquid mixed phase viscosity, and unit is N/m；
If gas well is straight well, liquid Equation for Calculating daily fluid production rate is taken using low gas liquid rate straight well gas：
q L = - Z 1 ( P 2 - P 1 ) · d 2 · π 8 · Z 2 · P 1 · P 2 · T 2 · q g 2 + 2.5 T 2 · q g - 9.3 · ρ g 1 · ρ g 2 ( ρ L - ρ g 2 ) · σ · T 1
Wherein, qLDaily fluid production rate is represented, unit is m3/d；qgDaily output tolerance is represented, unit is m3/d；Z1Under the conditions of representing well head Gaseous Z-factor；Z2Represent the Gaseous Z-factor under downhole condition；P1Well head pressure is represented, unit is MPa；P2Represent well Bottom pressure, unit are MPa；T1Wellhead temperature is represented, unit is K；T2Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is represented, unit is K；D represents pipe aperture, Unit is m；ρg1Gas density under the conditions of well head is represented, unit is kg/m3；ρg2Represent that gas density under downhole condition, unit are kg/m3；ρLLiquid mixture density is represented, unit is kg/m3, σ represents liquid mixed phase viscosity, and unit is N/m；
The horizontal gas well gas of low gas liquid rate takes liquid equation or low gas liquid rate straight well gas is taken the maximum that daily fluid production rate reaches in liquid equation and is Critical liquid carry over.
CN201510068218.5A 2015-02-10 2015-02-10 A kind of determination method of the critical liquid carry over of low gas liquid rate gas well Expired - Fee Related CN104612659B (en)

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