CN104611597A - Particle reinforced aluminum-based billet moulding and degassing method - Google Patents
Particle reinforced aluminum-based billet moulding and degassing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104611597A CN104611597A CN201310535093.3A CN201310535093A CN104611597A CN 104611597 A CN104611597 A CN 104611597A CN 201310535093 A CN201310535093 A CN 201310535093A CN 104611597 A CN104611597 A CN 104611597A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a particle reinforced aluminum-based billet moulding and degassing method. The particle reinforced aluminum-based billet moulding and degassing method comprises following steps: firstly, a composite powder of an aluminum-based composite material processed via mixing is delivered into a can, and is subjected to vibration or tamping processing so that an initial loading density accounts for 50 to 60% of theoretical density; the can is delivered into a steel supporting mould in a vacuum hot forming furnace for immobilization, an upper cover of the can is fixed on a hydraulic pressure head via connection blocks, pressure transmission rings, and fixing rings, and the position of the hydraulic pressure head is adjusted so as to realize contact of the bottom of the upper cover of the can with the composite powder; pressure of the vacuum hot forming furnace is reduced to 1-9*10<-2>Pa, the vacuum hot forming furnace is heated to 550 to 600 DEG C, and the temperature is maintained for 3 to 5h; pressure is increased until lowering distance of the hydraulic pressure head is equal to a theoretical lower distance of the powder of 70 to 75% relative density; temperature is reduced to 150 to 200 DEG C, discharging is carried out, and juncture of the upper cover of the can with the can is subjected to filler wire welding. The particle reinforced aluminum-based billet moulding and degassing method is capable of shortening preparation process, and increasing production efficiency greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for the shaping and degassed process of a kind of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet, be specially a kind of technique utilizing vacuum hotpressing stove to carry out the shaping and Fruit storage of powder metallurgy particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material billet.
Background technology
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material and other light materials are as compared with Al alloys andMg alloys etc., and general has the outstanding advantages such as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, antifatigue, low-expansion coefficient, special it is advantageous that also have certain material property designability.The research and development of domestic process nearly more than ten years, obtain application breakthrough in the field such as aerospace, war industry, its future has very vast potential for future development.
At present, the preparation method that particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material is main has: powder metallurgic method, stir casting, rapid cooling sedimentation, pressure casting method etc.Wherein, powder metallurgic method is easy to design reinforcement kind, granularity, content and distribution because having, and be easy to control matrix and strengthen interphase interface bonding state, the advantages such as material property favorable reproducibility, become the technology of preparing route given priority to.The mass-producing that faces the future is applied, and how powder metallurgic method shortens Production Flow Chart, enhances productivity is one of the emphasis of applied research.
The general Production Flow Chart that powder metallurgy prepares material is: raw material powder pre-treatment-powder mixing-pressure becomes base-vacuum stripping-hip moulding-subsequent thermal machining.The object that the present invention pays close attention to is that pressure becomes base and vacuum stripping flow process.Pressure becomes base to be namely mixed powder is loaded rigid die or flexible jacket, and pressing machine or cold isostatic press are pressed into initial billet; And vacuum stripping is exactly the sealing jacket initial billet loaded with extraction pipe, reach corresponding vacuum tightness at a certain temperature and after being incubated for some time, then shut the technological process of extraction pipe.Existing procedure relates to pressing machine and degasification furnace 2 overlaps main equipment, its correlator technique as repaired a die, the demoulding, shaping, transhipment etc. be also comparatively loaded down with trivial details.When processing the larger billet of single ingot weight hundreds of kilogram higher level or more billet, the production cycle is longer, and it is very inconvenient that organization of production is coordinated.Particularly vacuum degassing process, can not play maximum pumping rate because being limited to extraction pipe caliber (being generally not more than 10mm in existing technique, if caliber crosses the reliability that extraction pipe is shut in senior general's impact) vacuum pump set, production efficiency is very low.
Summary of the invention
Prepare in the Production Flow Chart of material at powder metallurgy, the object that the present invention pays close attention to is that pressure becomes base and vacuum stripping flow process, the short route, the high-level efficiency technique that the object of the invention is to utilize vacuum hotpressing stove to realize a kind of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material pressure becomes base and vacuum outgas.
A method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet, the method comprises the steps:
(1) composite powder of the aluminum matrix composite after combination treatment is loaded in jacket, through vibration or tamping technique, make it just between dress density to theoretical density 50%-60%;
(2) jacket is sent in the steel-made support mould in vacuum hotpressing stove fixing;
(3) by contiguous block and pressure transmission ring and set collar, hydraulic pressure head is installed fixed packet cover upper cover, and adjustment ram position, makes jacket upper cover bottom surface just in time contact with composite powder;
(4) vacuum hotpressing stove is evacuated to 1-9 × 10
-2pa, be heated to 550-600 DEG C insulation 3-5 hour, period vacuum tightness remain on 1-9 × 10
-2pa;
(5) pressurize, make hydraulic pressure head Bottom Runby equal the theoretical draught of corresponding powder 70%-75% relative density, pressure is 5-10MPa;
(6) heat-insulation pressure keeping 3-5 hour;
(7) be cooled to 150-200 DEG C, come out of the stove, at jacket upper cover and jacket seam crossing filler wire welding.
Described jacket and jacket upper cover are made by fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy, as the aluminium alloys such as 1007,6061.
In step (1), the physical dimension of described jacket is determined by processing requirement billet size, is generally made by welding; Its welding edges has fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy, and as the aluminum alloy sealing jacket flanges such as 1007,6061, the most outer of flange has sealing halfpace to raise up, and interval 3mm also has another sealing halfpace to raise up (the same halfpace of totally two rings).The height of described sealing halfpace projection is 5-10mm, and top width is 3mm, and hypotenuse angle is 3-5 degree.After dress powder, tongued and grooved flanges and boss all should use physics or chemical process to carry out surface cleaning process.
In step (2), described steel-made support mould internal diameter equals jacket external diameter, and wall thickness equals to be greater than jacket flange width, guarantees to play supporting role.
In step (3), described pressure transmission ring is steel annulus, and annulus transmits spoke by the steel pressure of 6-12 root and is connected with the set collar on hydraulic pressure head.
In step (3), described jacket upper cover, its basal diameter is slightly less than jacket internal diameter, and its upper end open maximum diameter equals jacket internal diameter, by processing requirement draught, its height adds that thickness of flange determines.Its end is welded with the tongued and grooved flanges similar with jacket and halfpace.Namely the welding edges of jacket upper cover has the sealing upper cover flange that fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy (as 1007,6061 etc.) are made, sealing halfpace is had to lower convexity apart from 3 millimeters, flange outer place, sealing halfpace is 5-10mm to the height of lower convexity, and top width is 3mm, and hypotenuse angle is 3-5 degree; The sealed groove that inside sealing halfpace, (thereafter) is inverted trapezoidal, trapezoidal groove size makes the sealing halfpace on jacket flange just in time embed, and accompanying drawing 2 is shown in concrete signal.The same with jacket, tongued and grooved flanges and the sealing halfpace of jacket upper cover all should use physics or chemical process to carry out surface cleaning process.
In step (3), described contiguous block is the large aluminium block such as 1 group and bloom, and two metal blocies (aluminium block and bloom) are by steel Stud connection.Be symmetrically welded 2 groups along jacket upper cover and pressure transmission ring circumference during use, play and connect jacket upper cover and the effect of pressure transmission ring.
In step (4), by vacuumizing, heating, heat preserving mode realizes vacuum stripping, entrap bubble, the various adsorbent of powder surface in removing powder.
In step (5), make powder form initial billet through hot pressing, billet relative density is between 70%-75%, and further densification is waited until hot isostatic pressing operation and carried out.Meanwhile, also make the tongued and grooved flanges close contact under a certain pressure of jacket and jacket upper cover, pressure size is determined by pressure head Bottom Runby.
In step (6), made the aluminum tongued and grooved flanges generation phase mutual diffusion under pressure effect by the heat-insulation pressure keeping of certain hour, join for entirety, form jacket sealing.
In step (7), come out of the stove, use argon welder and suitable welding wire at jacket upper cover and jacket seam crossing filler wire welding 2 times immediately, filler wire welding guarantees that jacket seals.
Shaping and the vacuum degassing treatment tech advantage of powder metallurgic method particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material billet of the present invention:
1, pressure in powder metallurgic method syntheti c route is become base by the present invention, vacuum stripping two technical process, to be permeated technique by vacuum hotpressing stove, shorten preparation technology's flow process, equipment and man-hour drop into and are all significantly reduced, and significantly reduce the billet production cycle.
2, the present invention utilizes the diffusion in vacuum of aluminium to connect and forms jacket sealing, avoids the evacuation tube using pipe with small pipe diameter, takes full advantage of vacuum machine assembly air-exhausting ability, substantially increase the production efficiency of vacuum degassing process.
Adopt pressure forming and the vacuum degassing process of the present invention's innovation, shorten preparation technology's flow process, the time obtaining carrying out the first base of matrix material of next step hot isostatic pressing at least reduces 3 days than original technical process, substantially increases production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is technique each several part tool and mould schematic diagram when starting.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of jacket flange and upper cover flange.
Main Reference Numerals:
1 steel-made support mould 2 jacket
3 jacket upper cover 4 pressure transmission rings
5 pressure transmit spoke 6 set collar
7 contiguous block 8 jacket flanges
9 upper cover flanges 10 seal halfpace
11 trapezoidal grooves
Embodiment
Below by embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described, but do not mean that limiting the scope of the invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, be the schematic diagram of each several part tool and mould and jacket flange and upper cover flange when particle reinforced aluminium-based billet is shaping and vacuum degasing pretreatment starts, process according to the following step:
(1) composite powder of the aluminum matrix composite after combination treatment is loaded in jacket 2, through vibration or tamping technique, make it just between dress density to theoretical density 50%-60%.The physical dimension of the jacket 2 of fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy is determined by processing requirement billet size, is generally made by welding; Its welding edges has fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy sealing jacket flange 8, and the most outer of flange has sealing halfpace 10 to raise up, and interval 3mm also has the sealing halfpace 10 of another ring-type to raise up.The height of sealing halfpace 10 projection is 5-10mm, and top width is 3mm, and hypotenuse angle is 3-5 degree.After dress powder, tongued and grooved flanges and sealing halfpace 10 all should use physics or chemical process to carry out surface cleaning process.
(2) jacket 2 is sent in the steel-made support mould 1 in vacuum hotpressing stove fixing; Steel-made support mould 1 internal diameter equals jacket 2 external diameter, and wall thickness equals to be greater than jacket 2 flange width, guarantees to play supporting role.
(3) by contiguous block 7 and steel pressure transmission ring 4 and set collar 6, hydraulic pressure head is installed fixed packet cover upper cover 3, and adjustment ram position, makes jacket upper cover 3 bottom surface just in time contact with composite powder; Pressure transmission ring 4 is steel annulus, and annulus transmits spoke 5 by the steel pressure of 6-12 root and is connected with the set collar 6 on hydraulic pressure head.The jacket upper cover 3 of fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy, its basal diameter is slightly less than jacket 2 internal diameter, and its upper end open maximum diameter equals jacket 2 internal diameter, by processing requirement draught, its height adds that thickness of flange determines.Its end is welded with the sealing upper cover flange similar with jacket 2 and seals halfpace.Namely the welding edges of jacket upper cover 3 has the sealing upper cover flange 9 that fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy (as 1007,6061 etc.) are made, sealing halfpace is had to lower convexity apart from 3 millimeters, flange outer place, sealing halfpace is 5-10mm to the height of lower convexity, and top width is 3mm, and hypotenuse angle is 3-5 degree; Be the sealed groove of inverted trapezoidal inside sealing halfpace, trapezoidal groove 11 size makes the sealing halfpace 10 on jacket flange 8 just in time embed.With jacket 2, the tongued and grooved flanges of jacket upper cover 3 and boss all should use physics or chemical process to carry out surface cleaning process.
Contiguous block 7 is the large aluminium block such as 1 group and bloom, and two metal blocies (aluminium block and bloom) are by steel Stud connection.Be symmetrically welded 2 groups along jacket upper cover 3 and pressure transmission ring 4 circumference during use, play and connect jacket upper cover 3 and pressure transmission ring 4 acts on.
(4) vacuum hotpressing stove is evacuated to 1-9 × 10
-2pa, be heated to 550-600 DEG C insulation 3-5 hour, period vacuum tightness remain on 1-9 × 10
-2pa; By vacuumizing, heating, heat preserving mode realizes vacuum stripping, entrap bubble, the various adsorbent of powder surface in removing powder.
(5) pressurize, make hydraulic pressure head Bottom Runby equal the theoretical draught of corresponding powder 70%-75% relative density, pressure is 5-10MPa; Make powder form initial billet through hot pressing, billet relative density is between 70%-75%, and further densification is waited until hot isostatic pressing operation and carried out.Meanwhile, also make the tongued and grooved flanges close contact under a certain pressure of jacket and jacket upper cover, pressure size is determined by pressure head Bottom Runby.
(6) heat-insulation pressure keeping 3-5 hour; Made the aluminum tongued and grooved flanges generation phase mutual diffusion under pressure effect by the heat-insulation pressure keeping of certain hour, join for entirety, form jacket sealing.
(7) be cooled to 150-200 DEG C, come out of the stove, use argon welder and suitable welding wire at jacket upper cover and jacket seam crossing filler wire welding 2 times immediately, filler wire welding guarantees that jacket seals.
Embodiment 1
The SiC/2024Al matrix material of the present embodiment, SiC grain volume fraction is 15%, material weight 90kg, first base diametric requirements 300mm.
The composite powder 90 kilograms mixed is loaded internal diameter 300mm, the 6061 aluminum jackets 2 of high 770mm, controls powder height, making it just fill density is 60%.There is the sealing jacket flange 8 that 10mm is thick, 30mm is wide jacket 2 end, it has twice annular boss (halfpace shape raises up), top width 3mm, height 8mm, hypotenuse angle 5 degree, twice boss spacing 3mm.Jacket 2 is loaded the steel-made support mould 1 in vacuum hotpressing stove, mould internal diameter 310mm, wall thickness 30mm, make jacket 2 and sealing jacket flange 8 just in time be subject to steel-made support mould 1 wall and support.By contiguous block 7 and pressure transmission ring 4, hydraulic pressure head is installed and fixes the jacket upper cover 3 of 6061 aluminums, ensure pressure head and jacket upper cover 3 and jacket 2 concentric.Wherein jacket upper cover 3 whole height is 128mm, top end opening internal diameter 294mm, wall thickness 3mm, and upper cover 3 bottom surface maximum outside diameter is slightly less than 300mm.Adjustment ram position, makes jacket upper cover 3 bottom surface just in time contact with composite powder.Mechanical grinding is carried out to jacket 2 tongued and grooved flanges and boss and jacket upper cover 3 tongued and grooved flanges and boss surface, guarantees that surface cleaning is without oil.Close vacuum hotpressing stove, be evacuated to 3 × 10
-2pa.Be heated to 550 DEG C, and be incubated 3.5 hours, in period stove, vacuum is not more than 8 × 10
-2pa.Pressurization, make the descending 110mm of pressure head, pressure to 5-7MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 3.5 hours.Be cooled to 200 DEG C, come out of the stove, use argon welder and 6061 aluminium wires at jacket upper cover 9 and jacket 2 seam crossing filler wire welding twice immediately.
The present embodiment is by using new pressure forming and vacuum degassing process, the matrix material just base that can carry out next step hot isostatic pressing is obtained in 72 hours, compare original technical process, each billet at least reduces the production cycle of 3 days, substantially increases production efficiency.
Claims (10)
1. a method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet, comprises the steps:
(1) composite powder of the aluminum matrix composite after combination treatment is loaded in jacket, through vibration or tamping technique, make just between dress density to theoretical density 50%-60%;
(2) jacket is sent in the steel-made support mould in vacuum hotpressing stove fixing;
(3) by contiguous block and pressure transmission ring and set collar, hydraulic pressure head is installed fixed packet cover upper cover, and adjustment ram position, makes jacket upper cover bottom surface just in time contact with composite powder;
(4) vacuum hotpressing stove is evacuated to 1-9 × 10
-2pa, be heated to 550-600 DEG C insulation 3-5 hour, period vacuum tightness remain on 1-9 × 10
-2pa;
(5) pressurize, make hydraulic pressure head Bottom Runby equal the theoretical draught of corresponding powder 70%-75% relative density, pressure is 5-10MPa;
(6) heat-insulation pressure keeping 3-5 hour;
(7) be cooled to 150-200 DEG C, come out of the stove, at jacket upper cover and jacket seam crossing filler wire welding.
2. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described jacket and jacket upper cover are made by fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy.
3. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described jacket is made by welding, its welding edges has fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminium alloy tongued and grooved flanges, the most outer of flange has halfpace shape to raise up, and interval 3mm also has the halfpace shape of another ring-type to raise up.
4. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the height that described halfpace shape raises up is 5-10mm, top width is 3mm, and hypotenuse angle is 3-5 degree.
5. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described steel-made support mould internal diameter equals jacket external diameter, and wall thickness equals to be greater than jacket flange width.
6. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described pressure transmission ring is steel annulus, and annulus transmits spoke by the steel pressure of 6-12 root and is connected with the set collar on hydraulic pressure head.
7. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the basal diameter of described jacket upper cover is less than jacket internal diameter, upper end open maximum diameter equals jacket internal diameter, by processing requirement draught, its height adds that thickness of flange determines.
8. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the welding edges of described jacket upper cover has the sealing upper cover flange of fine aluminium or low alloyed element aluminum alloy.
9. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described upper cover flange is having sealing halfpace to lower convexity apart from 3 millimeters, flange outer place, sealing halfpace is 5-10mm to the height of lower convexity, and top width is 3mm, and hypotenuse angle is 3-5 degree; Be the sealed groove of inverted trapezoidal inside sealing halfpace, trapezoidal groove size makes the sealing halfpace on jacket flange just in time embed.
10. the method for the shaping and degassed process of particle reinforced aluminium-based billet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described contiguous block is the large aluminium block such as 1 group and bloom, aluminium block and bloom, by steel Stud connection, are symmetrically welded 2 groups of contiguous blocks along jacket upper cover and pressure transmission ring circumference.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105499583A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-20 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Preparation method for B4C/Al composite material boards |
| CN109954884A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-07-02 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of material charging forming method of the high-intensitive difficult wrought aluminium alloy powder of powder metallurgy |
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| CN109834273A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of preparation method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material thin plate |
| CN109865831B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2021-05-11 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Degassing method of particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material powder |
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Effective date of registration: 20210802 Address after: 101407 No.11, Xingke East Street, Yanqi Economic and Technological Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Patentee after: Youyan metal composite technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 101407 No. 11 Xingke East Street, Yanqi Economic Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Patentee before: YOUYAN ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |