CN104609867A - Densifying method for selective laser sintered ceramic parts - Google Patents
Densifying method for selective laser sintered ceramic parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN104609867A CN104609867A CN201510082697.6A CN201510082697A CN104609867A CN 104609867 A CN104609867 A CN 104609867A CN 201510082697 A CN201510082697 A CN 201510082697A CN 104609867 A CN104609867 A CN 104609867A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the material field and particularly relates to a densifying method for selective laser sintered ceramic parts. The method comprises the following steps: a) printing a biscuit of a ceramic part by using a selective laser sintering technology; b) carrying out vacuum pressure impregnation at least twice; c) sheathing the biscuit of the ceramic part and vacuumizing; d) carrying out cold isostatic pressing treatment; e) carrying out adhesive removing treatment; f) repeating the steps c) and d); g, presintering the biscuit after second cold isostatic pressing treatment; and h) and carrying out hot isostatic pressing aftertreatment. According to the method, the biscuit of the ceramic part is subjected to vacuum pressure impregnation in vacuum, thereby effectively increasing the absorption rate of the biscuit of the ceramic part to a solution and reducing porosity; since cold isostatic pressing treatment is carried out twice in sequence, the biscuit is effectively prevented from collapsing in disorder, thereby further improving the density and strength of the ceramic part; and in addition, the cold isostatic pressing sheath is simple in structure, convenient to use, can be reused, is high in efficiency, is low in consumption and does not need plastic package.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Material Field, particularly a kind of method for densifying of selective laser sintering ceramic member.
Background technology
Engineering ceramics is also known as structural ceramics, and the high rigidity possessed with itself, high strength, high-wearing feature and good antiseptic property, be widely used in fields such as oil, chemical industry, machinery, medical science.Traditional ceramics forming method is applicable to the simple part of preparation, and complex-shaped component, usually need the mould by complexity to realize, manufacturing cost is high, and the manufacturing cycle is long.
Selective laser sintering (SLS) technology adopts laser selectable layering sintering solid powder, and the cured layer of sinter molding is superposed, and generates the product of desired shape.SLS forming method has manufacturing process simple, degree of flexibility is high, material selection range is wide, material price is cheap, the features such as cost is low, material use efficiency is high, and shaping speed is fast, SLS is made to be suitable for many fields, as prototype checking, mould master mold, essence casting fusible pattern, automobile and other industries.When utilizing SLS technology formed ceramic parts, need to add the lower macromolecular material of fusing point as binding agent, the part biscuit obtained also will remove binding agent by the technique such as binder removal, high temperature sintering successively, and this result in again the decline of biscuit intensity and density.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention solves above-mentioned prior art produced problem exactly, provides a kind of method for densifying of selective laser sintering ceramic member.
For this reason, the invention discloses a kind of method for densifying of selective laser sintering ceramic member, it comprises the following steps:
A) Selective Laser Sintering prints ceramic part biscuit;
B) at least 2 vacuum pressure impregnations;
C) vacuumize after ceramic part biscuit being added jacket;
D) isostatic cool pressing process;
E) binder removal process;
F) repeating step c and d;
G) presintering is carried out to the biscuit of ceramics after isostatic cool pressing.
H) post-hiped is carried out.
In certain embodiments, described vacuum pressure impregnation is: insert in vacuum impregnation equipment by ceramic part biscuit, be evacuated to 100Pa ~ 250Pa, pressurize 10min ~ 300min, the steeping fluid that reinjects floods ceramic part biscuit, normal pressure leaves standstill 15min ~ 60min, then is filled with the rare gas element such as nitrogen or argon gas to steeping fluid osmotic pressure 10min ~ 300min toward Vacuum Pressure Impregnation Equipment, and pressure is 0.1MPa ~ 1.0MPa; Then ceramic part biscuit is put into baking oven in 80 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C dry 1h ~ 3h; Repeat aforesaid operations, the ceramic part biscuit finally repeatedly flooded;
In certain embodiments, vacuum pressure impregnation steeping fluid can adjust according to biscuit of ceramics material, steeping fluid as Si3N4 biscuit of ceramics can be the nanometer Si_3N_4 particle suspension of low viscosity, high density, high workability, and the steeping fluid of Al2O3 biscuit of ceramics can be the nano-scale alumina slurry of the nano aluminium oxide suspension of 15% ~ 30% concentration or corresponding low viscosity, high density, high workability.
In certain embodiments, described jacket is made up of valve, sealing-ring, locking plate, butterfly nut, stud, stud turning axle, elastoplasticity leather sheath, pin, upper cover, lower cover, elastoplasticity leather sheath be separately fixed at upper cover and under cover, inner form sealed chamber; Upper cover and lower cover adopt pin link, can open up and down, and have two circles to hold the semi-circular recesses of sealing-ring respectively; Be evenly distributed with three around upper cover and tighten snap close for the butterfly nut of locking upper and lower covers, under the stud that covers can overturn around stud turning axle; Upper cover or under be stamped the threaded through hole of straight-through internal chamber, be connected with valve by screw thread.
In certain embodiments, described jacket upper cover and lower cover contain two circle sealing-rings, effectively prevent the infiltration of liquid medium in vacuum chamber in isostatic cool pressing process.
In certain embodiments, described binder removal is treated to the part biscuit after to isostatic cool pressing and puts into draft glue discharging furnace, first rise to binding agent softening point temperature T1-10 DEG C with the speed of 3 DEG C/min ~ 6 DEG C/min, rise to 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C eliminate water vapour with the 2 DEG C/min ~ 4 DEG C/heat-up rate of min again, insulation 1h ~ 2h, finally rise to T2+50 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, insulation 2h; Binding agent fusing point or softening temperature T1, complete decomposition temperature T2.
In certain embodiments, described isostatic cool pressing is treated to isostatic cool pressing buck speed 2 ~ 6MPa/s, and pressure rises to 150MPa ~ 350MPa, pressurize 30s step-down again.
In certain embodiments, after described presintering, sintered compact inside is not substantially containing open pore, and its relative density reaches 91% ~ 97%.
In certain embodiments, described hip treatment temperature, a little less than sintering temperature, selects argon gas or nitrogen as HIP atmosphere, pressure 100MPa ~ 300MPa.
Patent of the present invention combines rapid shaping technique (SLS), isostatic cool pressing technology (CIP), hot isostatic pressing technique (HIP), under vacuum conditions infiltration dip treating is carried out to ceramic part biscuit, increase effectively the specific absorption of ceramic part biscuit to solution, decrease void content, increase the density of biscuit of ceramics.Effectively prevent part biscuit defeated and dispersed by twice, front and back isostatic cool pressing, further increase part density and intensity; And isostatic cool pressing wrapping structure is simple, easy to use, can reuse, efficiency is high, consumes low, need not seal and mould.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is jacket overall schematic;
Fig. 2 is jacket upper cover, lower cover schematic diagram, A upper cover, B lower cover;
Fig. 3 is the coated jacket schematic diagram of Ceramic Balls;
Fig. 4 is the coated jacket schematic diagram of ceramic manual acetabulum.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.These embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, the usually conveniently conditioned disjunction condition of advising according to manufacturer.Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise all per-cent and number all by weight.
Unless otherwise defined, all specialties used in literary composition and scientific words and one skilled in the art the same meaning be familiar with.In addition, any method similar or impartial to described content and material all can be applicable in the inventive method.The use that better implementation method described in literary composition and material only present a demonstration.
The special jacket of embodiment 1 isostatic cool pressing
As shown in Figure 1, 2, jacket is made up of valve 1, sealing-ring 2, locking plate 3, butterfly nut 4, stud 5, stud turning axle 6, elastoplasticity leather sheath 7, pin 8, upper cover 9, lower cover 10, elastoplasticity leather sheath 7 is separately fixed on upper cover 9 and lower cover 10, inner formation sealed chamber; Upper cover 9 and lower cover 10 adopt pin 8 to link, and can open up and down, and have two circles to hold the semi-circular recesses of sealing-ring 2 respectively; Be evenly distributed with three around upper cover and tighten snap close for the butterfly nut 4 of locking upper and lower covers, the stud 5 on lower cover 10 can overturn around stud turning axle 6; Upper cover 9 or lower cover 10 have the threaded through hole of straight-through internal chamber, are connected with valve 1 by screw thread.
Described jacket upper cover 9 and lower cover 10, containing two circle sealing-rings 2, effectively prevent the infiltration of liquid medium in vacuum chamber in isostatic cool pressing process.
Embodiment 2
1. adopt 3-D Moulding Design software (as solidworks, pro/E) to design the three-dimensional digital model of Ceramic Balls, and transferred to STL form importing SLS equipment printing Ceramic Balls biscuit with slicing delamination software.
2. mixed through the Si3N4 ceramic powder of granulation, two atmosphere A type epoxy powder by ball milling in the proportional range of 100:5 ~ 100:10.Si3N4 ceramic powder granulation particle diameter 20 μm ~ 150 μm used, bisphenol A type epoxy resin powder diameter 10 μm ~ 80 μm.In SLS technology, laser apparatus used is the CO2 laser apparatus of 50w, pre-heating temperature 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C, thickness in monolayer 0.1mm ~ 0.2mm, sweep span 0.1mm ~ 0.2mm, sweep velocity 800mm/s ~ 4000mm/s, the biscuit of ceramics relative density of printing shaping is about 30% ~ 35%.
3. Si3N4 Ceramic Balls biscuit is inserted in Vacuum Pressure Impregnation Equipment, be evacuated to 200Pa, pressurize 60min, inject Si3N4 suspension and flood ceramic part biscuit, normal pressure leaves standstill 15min ~ 60min, in vacuum pressure impregnation device, be filled with nitrogen again to steeping fluid osmotic pressure 100min ~ 150min, pressure is that ceramic part biscuit is put into baking oven in 80 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C dry 1h ~ 3h by 0.3MPa; Repeat aforesaid operations, the ceramic part biscuit finally repeatedly flooded.Steeping fluid used is nano-silicon nitride powder and comprises the suspension of dispersion agent, sintering agent etc., and the biscuit of ceramics relative density after infiltration is about 35% ~ 40%.
4., by jacket shown in coated for Si3N4 Ceramic Balls biscuit embodiment 1, valve is connected with vacuum machine and vacuumizes, and vacuumizes end valve-off.
5. the Si3N4 Ceramic Balls biscuit pair being covered with jacket carries out first time isostatic cool pressing.Isostatic cool pressing buck speed 2MPa/s ~ 6MPa/s, pressure rises to 250MPa, pressurize 30s step-down again.
6. after taking out jacket, binder removal process is carried out to Si3N4 Ceramic Balls biscuit, the agent of removing low temperature bonding.First rise to softening point temperature 700 DEG C with the speed of 4 DEG C/min, then rise to 150 DEG C with the heat-up rate of 2 DEG C/min and eliminate water vapour, insulation 1h, finally rises to 700 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, insulation 2h.
7. repeating step 4.
8. pair Si3N4 Ceramic Balls biscuit carries out second time isostatic cool pressing.Isostatic cool pressing buck speed 2 ~ 4MPa/s, pressure rises to 300MPa, pressurize 30s step-down again, and the biscuit of ceramics relative density after isostatic cool pressing is about 56% ~ 64%.
9. pair Si3N4 Ceramic Balls biscuit carries out presintering, sintering temperature 1650 DEG C ~ 1800 DEG C, and after presintering, sintered compact inside is not substantially containing open pore, and its relative density reaches 91% ~ 97%.
10. carry out post-hiped, treatment temp 1600 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C, select argon gas or nitrogen as HIP atmosphere, forming pressure 100MPa ~ 300MPa.
11. pairs of Si3N4 Ceramic Balls parts carry out precision sizing, improve its precision and surface quality.
Embodiment 3
1. adopt 3-D Moulding Design software (as solidworks, pro/E) to design the three-dimensional digital model of ceramic manual acetabulum, and transferred to STL form importing SLS equipment lamination with slicing delamination software and make ceramic manual acetabulum prosthese.
2. mixed through the Al2O3 ceramic powder of granulation, two atmosphere A type epoxy powder by ball milling in the proportional range of 100:5 ~ 100:10.Al2O3 ceramic powder granulation particle diameter 20 μm ~ 150 μm used, bisphenol A type epoxy resin powder diameter 10 μm ~ 80 μm.Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is adopted to make part biscuit.In SLS technology, laser apparatus used is the CO2 laser apparatus of 50W, pre-heating temperature 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C, thickness in monolayer 0.1mm ~ 0.2mm, sweep span 0.1mm ~ 0.2mm, sweep velocity 800mm/s ~ 4000mm/s, Al2O3 biscuit of ceramics relative density is about 30% ~ 35%.
3. Al2O3 manual acetabulum biscuit is inserted in vacuum chamber, be evacuated to 200Pa, pressurize 10min, inject the nano-scale alumina suspension of 30% concentration, normal pressure leaves standstill 15min ~ 40min, in vacuum pressure impregnation device, be filled with nitrogen again to steeping fluid osmotic pressure 15min ~ 60min, pressure is 0.3MPa, ceramic part biscuit is put into baking oven in 80 DEG C ~ 120 DEG C dry 1h ~ 3h; Repeat aforesaid operations, the ceramic part biscuit finally repeatedly flooded, after infiltration, Al2O3 biscuit of ceramics relative density is about 35% ~ 40%.
4., by jacket shown in Al2O3 pottery manual acetabulum biscuit coated embodiment 1, valve is connected with vacuum machine and vacuumizes, and vacuumizes end valve-off.
5. pair Al2O3 pottery manual acetabulum biscuit carries out first time isostatic cool pressing.Isostatic cool pressing buck speed 3MPa/s ~ 6MPa/s, pressure rises to 200MPa, pressurize 30s step-down again.
6. the Al2O3 pottery manual acetabulum biscuit after pair isostatic cool pressing carries out binder removal process, the agent of removing low temperature bonding.First rise to softening point temperature 700 DEG C with the speed of 4 DEG C/min, then rise to 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C with the heat-up rate of 2 DEG C/min, eliminate water vapour, insulation 1h ~ 2h, finally rises to 700 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, insulation 2h.
7. repeating step 4.
8. pair Al2O3 pottery manual acetabulum biscuit carries out second time isostatic cool pressing.Isostatic cool pressing buck speed 2MPa/s ~ 4MPa/s, pressure rises to 300MPa, pressurize 30s step-down again, and Al2O3 biscuit of ceramics relative density is about 58% ~ 64%.
9. pair Al2O3 pottery manual acetabulum biscuit carries out presintering, sintering temperature 1300 DEG C ~ 1500 DEG C, and after presintering, sintered compact inside is not substantially containing open pore, and its relative density reaches 91% ~ 97%.
10. carry out post-hiped, treatment temp 1250 DEG C ~ 1450 DEG C, select argon gas or nitrogen as HIP atmosphere, forming pressure 100MPa ~ 300MPa.
11. pairs of Al2O3 pottery manual acetabulum parts carry out precision sizing, improve its precision and surface quality.
Scope of the present invention is not by the restriction of described specific embodiments, and described embodiment, only as the single example of illustrating all respects of the present invention, also comprises method and the component of functional equivalent in the scope of the invention.In fact, except content as herein described, those skilled in the art can easily grasp multiple improvement of the present invention with reference to description above and accompanying drawing.Described improvement also falls within the scope of appended claims.Every section of reference mentioned above is listed in herein as a reference all in full.
Claims (10)
1. a method for densifying for selective laser sintering ceramic member, it comprises the following steps:
A) Selective Laser Sintering prints ceramic part biscuit;
B) at least 2 vacuum pressure impregnations;
C) vacuumize after ceramic part biscuit being added jacket;
D) isostatic cool pressing process;
E) binder removal process;
F) repeating step c and d;
G) presintering;
H) post-hiped.
2. method for densifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described vacuum pressure impregnation is for insert in Vacuum Pressure Impregnation Equipment by ceramic part biscuit, be evacuated to 100Pa ~ 250Pa, pressurize 10min ~ 300min, the steeping fluid that reinjects floods ceramic part biscuit, normal pressure leaves standstill 15min ~ 60min, then is filled with the rare gas element such as nitrogen or argon gas to steeping fluid osmotic pressure 10min ~ 300min toward Vacuum Pressure Impregnation Equipment, and pressure is 0.1MPa ~ 1.0MPa; Then ceramic part biscuit is put into baking oven in 80 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C dry 1h ~ 3h; Repeat aforesaid operations, the ceramic part biscuit finally repeatedly flooded.
3. method for densifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that vacuum pressure impregnation steeping fluid can adjust according to biscuit of ceramics material, the steeping fluid of Si3N4 biscuit of ceramics is nanometer Si_3N_4 particle suspension or slurry, and the steeping fluid of Al2O3 biscuit of ceramics is nano aluminium oxide suspension or slurry.
4. method for densifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described jacket is made up of valve, sealing-ring, locking plate, butterfly nut, stud, stud turning axle, elastoplasticity leather sheath, pin, upper cover, lower cover, elastoplasticity leather sheath be separately fixed at metal top cover and under cover, inner form sealed chamber; Upper cover and lower cover adopt pin link, can open up and down, and have two circles to hold the semi-circular recesses of sealing-ring respectively; Be evenly distributed with three around upper cover and tighten snap close for the butterfly nut of locking upper and lower covers, under the stud that covers can overturn around stud turning axle; Upper cover or under be stamped the threaded through hole of straight-through internal chamber, be connected with valve by screw thread.
5. method for densifying according to claim 3, is characterized in that described jacket upper cover and lower cover respectively containing two circle sealing-rings.
6. method for densifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described binder removal is treated to the part biscuit after to isostatic cool pressing and puts into draft glue discharging furnace, first rise to softening point temperature T1-10 DEG C with the speed of 3 DEG C/min ~ 6 DEG C/min, rise to 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C eliminate water vapour with the 2 DEG C/min ~ 4 DEG C/heat-up rate of min again, insulation 1h ~ 2h, finally rise to T2+50 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, insulation 2h; Binding agent fusing point or softening temperature T1, complete decomposition temperature T2.
7. method for densifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first isostatic cool pressing process buck speed 3 ~ 6MPa/s, pressure rises to 150MPa ~ 250MPa, pressurize 30s step-down again, second time isostatic cool pressing buck speed 2MPa/s ~ 4MPa/s, pressure rises to 200MPa ~ 350MPa, pressurize 30s step-down again.
8. method for densifying according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that described presintering, sintered compact relative density reaches 91% ~ 97%.
9. a jacket, be made up of valve, sealing-ring, locking plate, butterfly nut, stud, stud turning axle, elastoplasticity leather sheath, pin, upper cover, lower cover, it is characterized in that described elastoplasticity leather sheath be separately fixed at upper cover and under cover, inner form sealed chamber; Upper cover and lower cover adopt pin link, can open up and down, and have the semi-circular recesses holding sealing-ring respectively; Be evenly distributed with three around upper cover and tighten snap close for the butterfly nut of locking upper and lower covers, under the stud that covers can overturn around stud turning axle; Upper cover or under be stamped the threaded through hole of straight-through internal chamber, be connected with valve by screw thread.
10. jacket according to claim 9, is characterized in that described jacket upper cover and lower cover respectively containing two circle sealing-rings.
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| CN107498688A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-12-22 | 宁波百诺肯轴承有限公司 | A kind of automobile bearing manufacture device |
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| CN110590339A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation method of alumina ceramic component |
| CN111889676B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2021-10-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing diamond copper-based composite material by additive manufacturing process |
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| CN112708862A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of tungsten-titanium alloy target blank |
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