Method for the basic part with ribbing of superstructure and for producing the basic part
Goal of the invention
The present invention relates to the reinforced concrete basic part system for erectting superstructure, the superstructure transmits each point
High axial load, shearing force and/or the moment of flexure at place, for example, wind turbine.
The upper reinforcing that the basic part object of the present invention is poured into a mould by " scene " with polygon or circular used area
Concrete slab is formed, and concrete panels have rectangle or trapezoidal cross-section at bottom by radial arrangement on this
Reinforced concrete rib is strengthened.This method is contemplated the reinforced concrete rib and is made up at " scene " of concrete, or alternately, leads to
It is made after the prefabricated elements integratedly to be worked with upper concrete panels all the time.
This new basic part is intended to be used for this superstructure by significantly improving the completion time limit to significantly reduce to build
Conventional base part cost.
Background of invention
Nowadays the type most frequently for the basic part of the superstructure of such as wind turbine etc is following base
Plinth plate, i.e. the soleplate has different used area configurations:Used area configuration can be square, circular, hexagon, octagon
Deng.For the purpose for optimizing the use of concrete, the edge of plate can be constant or variable.
Applicant is known in the presence of other basic part systems for attempting to make the amount of steel and concrete minimum, such as following
Basic part system in publication:
For example, as it is known that european patent application EP1074663, it discloses with three be arranged symmetrically around central support pieces
The example of the basic part of individual stabilizing member, wherein, it is that the surface that is in contact with stratum is considerably less the shortcomings that the basic part, thus
Put on the stress increase on stratum and on settlement.
Patent application PCT WO2004/101898 describes a kind of circular foundation part based on prefabricated triangular-section.
This solution needs fully to soar the cavity of excavation, so as to cause the concrete section of inverted T-shaped, the inverted T-shaped
Concrete section due to the concrete head (concrete head) of compression width very little and not comprising any structural excellent
Point.This means when calculating flexibility, neutral axis will reduce and there will be less mechanical arm, so as to the demand to reinforcing
Increase and the ductility in section is remarkably decreased.
Finally, Spanish patent application ES-2347742 describes the cone-shaped footing part together with lower flat annular slab.This
It is to implement extremely complex solution, and on its structural behaviour, the serious problems that there are.
Type for the basic part of these superstructures be well-known and easily calculate and design technical side
Case, and the simplification to the basic part further simplify mould bases and structure.However, the shortcomings that such basic part, is too
Greatly, therefore the amount in the use of steel and concrete and removed soil is very big, and all these are all significantly increased
The financial cost of structure.Superstructure is bigger, and the cost of basic part is bigger to the cost impact of structure;For example, with regard to wind-force whirlpool
For turbine, increase (add 50%) of the axle height from 80m to 120m produces 300% basic part cost increase.This is asked
Inscribe the trend of the more and more higher performance wind turbine due to building the axle height with 120m but very real, it is produced
Produce basic part cost increase, so as to become for it is all these production reinforced concrete basic parts conventional systems and
The weak competitor of speech.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the above mentioned problem of prior art, the present invention proposes following solutions, and the solution is by " existing
" there are polygon or the upper concrete panels of circular used area to be formed for cast, and pass through at bottom from center
Core plays having the reinforced concrete rib of rectangle or trapezoidal cross-section and strengthening for radial arrangement.Coagulation for reinforced concrete rib
Soil is cast directly on the stratum previously excavated, and upper concrete panels rest on and are not also used as permanent mould on removed stratum
Frame.
Including upper concrete panels and for make at bottom concrete panels strengthen reinforced concrete rib
Solution refer to two kinds of elements relative to build basic part floor surface arrangement, wherein, first arrangement on reinforce
Concrete slab and the lower section that reinforced concrete rib is arranged in upper concrete panels.
The advantages of this basic part, is:
The amount of-used concrete is much smaller than the amount of the concrete used in above-mentioned conventional solution.
- with the reduction of the subsequent carrying to soot, excavating cost reduction.
- reduce and simplify mould bases.
- absorbed due to compressing by upper concrete panels, therefore obtain unmatched T-shaped durability section efficiency.
Reinforced concrete rib can be made of concrete " scene " or can with prefabricated, so as to all the time with upper reinforced concrete
Plate integratedly works, and reinforced concrete rib can have constant or variable edge, can be or have a staged
Edge or edge with constant slope, wherein, it is more remote to leave the central core of concrete panels, reinforced concrete rib
Section it is smaller.
In the case where using prefabricated reinforced concrete rib completely, the reinforced concrete rib will be provided with for
The reinforcing member of the protrusion for the upper concrete panels connection that " scene " is built.Reinforced concrete rib can also be for example prefabricated by half
Element --- such as double-walled member --- be made, wherein, when pouring into a mould concrete with basis of formation part, the half prefabricated element is protected
Hold insertion.
The upper reinforcing with circular or polygon used area that the basic part object of the present invention is poured into a mould by " scene " mixes
Concrete board is formed, and on this concrete panels at bottom by radial arrangement have rectangle or trapezoidal cross-section plus
Gu concrete rib is strengthened.When reinforced concrete rib has trapezoidal cross-section, reinforced concrete rib is in itself and upper reinforced concrete
To be broader in the top of plate contact, so as to by the use of embankment is excavated as permanent mould bases, so as to increase concrete section
Drag.
The basic part is by the way that directly " scene " pours into a mould concrete to obtain and be used as forever on not removed stratum
The mould bases of long property.All reinforcing members are placed before concrete is poured into a mould necessary to upper concrete panels and reinforced concrete rib
In place.
Because compression is absorbed and tension force is placed in the bottom on the inside of reinforced concrete rib by upper concrete panels
Reinforcing member decompose, therefore produce with high structure efficiency T-shaped durability section.
For the use of further optimised coagulation soil in the case where not jeopardizing the carrying quality of basic part and it is mined
Soil amount, step can be formed in the excavation of reinforced concrete rib, therefore change the edge of reinforced concrete rib, the edge
The center for leaving concrete panels is more remote then smaller.
The reinforced concrete rib can be made of concrete " scene ", or the reinforced concrete rib can be fully
Or it is partly prefabricated, so as to integratedly be worked with upper concrete panels all the time.
In the stratum with minimum bearing capacity, stake can be made below reinforced concrete rib, thus footing
Structure design is suitable to both surface foundation part and deep foundation part.
Stratum is enhanced by the post being made up of gravel below reinforced concrete rib.
In addition, upper concrete panels not necessarily must be by from the inner of reinforced concrete rib to reinforced concrete rib
The single part that reinforced concrete rib is completely covered in outer end is formed, if on the contrary, the upper concrete panels can pass through cadre
Divide and formed, wherein, Part I covers the central core of reinforced concrete rib.In the present text it is understood that term " part "
The part separated with referring to other possible part physicals with the plate of median plate.On the other hand, central core adds to be different
Gu the position that the inner of concrete rib be combined with each other, and therefore central core is considered to be the composition portion of the reinforced concrete rib
Point.
Therefore, the only covering of the most simple configuration of upper concrete panels of the invention and upper concrete panels is reinforced mixed
The single part for coagulating the inner of native rib --- that is, only covering central core --- is consistent.However, it is preferable to carry out in the another of the present invention
In mode, median plate is formed by following two parts:The Part I of central core, and the looped second portion of periphery are covered,
The looped second portion of the periphery is separated with Part I and the outer end of reinforcement by connection concrete rib.Due to upper reinforced concrete
The Part II of the outer end of the connection reinforced concrete rib of plate strengthens component, therefore is keeping good basic part performance
While, the amount of used concrete is reduced.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, central core also has hollow cylindrical shape, therefore saves
More concrete and make the weight of basic part lighter.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to complete ongoing description and in order to help to more fully understand the feature of the present invention, to this specification
One group of accompanying drawing is added, in the accompanying drawings, by illustrative and non-limiting feature to described herein below:
Fig. 1 shows the stereogram of whole system.
Fig. 2 shows the stereogram of the basic part with reinforced concrete rib, wherein, the reinforced concrete rib has ladder
The variable cross section of formula.
Fig. 3 shows the longitdinal cross-section diagram along a reinforced concrete rib interception.
Fig. 4 shows cross-sectional view.
Fig. 5 shows the stereogram of the basic part of the reinforced concrete rib with trapezoid cross section.
Fig. 6 shows that the T-shaped durability section object of the basic part of the present invention and the stress for calculating flexibility should
Become figure.
Fig. 7 shows inverted T-shaped durability section and the corresponding stress strain diagram for being used to calculate flexibility.
Fig. 8 shows the top perspective view of the improved basic part according to the present invention, wherein, upper concrete panels only cover
Cover central core.
Fig. 9 shows the top perspective view of another improved basic part according to the present invention, wherein, upper concrete panels
Part II including covering the Part I of central core and the outer end of reinforcement by connection concrete rib.
Figure 10 shows the face upwarding stereogram of another improved basic part according to the present invention, wherein, central core is due to tool
There is hollow drum and weight is lighter.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the stereogram of the whole system formed by the basic part in the structure for wind turbine and axle.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, it is observed that the upper concrete panels (1) poured into a mould by " scene "
The basic part of formation, occupation of land area of the concrete panels (1) for example with polygon on this, but its for example can have it is any its
His shape is such as circular, and concrete panels (1) pass through the reinforced concrete with rectangular cross section at bottom on this
Rib (2) is strengthened, and the reinforced concrete rib (2) is made and is radially disposed by reinforced concrete.
Fig. 6 and 7 shows sample calculation.In the case of fig. 6, calculated for T section, and obtain 33,
600KNm ultimate resistance square and 0.16 x/h ratios.In the case of fig. 7, calculated for inverted T section, and
And obtain 27,900KNm stall torque and 0.62 x/d ratios.
It can therefore be seen that pass through identical reinforcing member and same amount of concrete, T section (basic part of the invention
Object) it is more effective in structure for the basic part object of the present invention is by the type for the power born, wherein, it provides height
In the bending strength of bending strength 20%.
The balance requirement in section:The tension force born by reinforcing member is made a concerted effort equal to the decrement born by concrete.T
Tee section has broader compression head, and this allows neutral axis to keep high-order, and compared with the situation of inverted T section,
Mechanical arm is significantly larger.
In addition, as that can be determined relative to the x/h ratios at the edge in section by indicating the depth of neutral axis, T-shaped is cut
Ductility in face is bigger, and this plasticity for realizing the power in plastic region is redistributed.
There is the fact that same amount of reinforcing member and concrete, but its ductility in spite of shown inverted T section
It is smaller, therefore any ability that inverted T section will be redistributed without the plasticity for power, so as to show as fragility.
Therefore, the T section proposed has two-fold advantage:
- bigger bearing capacity and higher structure efficiency, i.e. obtained more with the amount of identical reinforcing member and concrete
Big drag (20% being higher by institute's analysis examples, and even above higher requirement is horizontal).
The plasticity of-bigger ductility and stronger power redistributes ability, and this makes it be more suitable for dynamic requirements, than
Such as the dynamic requirements as produced by earthquake.
Fig. 8 to 10 shows following embodiments, and in this embodiment, upper concrete panels (1) do not cover whole
Reinforced concrete rib, and simply cover the part in ribs.Specifically, Fig. 8 shows the example of basic part, the basic part bag
Include concrete panels (1), on this concrete panels (1) by covering reinforced concrete rib (2) central core (7) it is single
Part is formed.
Fig. 9 shows another example of basic part, and in the basic part, upper concrete panels (1) pass through following two
Divide and formed:The Part I (1) similar to the part of the central core (7) of the only covering reinforced concrete rib (2) shown in Fig. 8,
And the looped second portion (6) of the periphery of the outer end of all reinforced concrete ribs (2) of connection.This keeping component rigidity
While reduce used in concrete total amount.
Figure 10 shows another example of basic part, and the basic part has similar to the upper concrete panels in Fig. 8
Upper concrete panels (1), concrete panels (1) only cover the central core (7) of reinforced concrete rib (2), and its on this
In, the central core (7) also has hollow drum.Reinforcing coagulation is completely covered with upper concrete panels (1) therein
Native rib (2) and central core (7) are that solid other embodiment of the present invention is compared, and the weight of component and the amount of material are dual
Reduce.
Finally, for the description of the method for production basic part (3), the basic part being previously mentioned passes through on the stratum not removed also
Direct " scene " is poured into a mould concrete and obtained in shape, so as to be used as permanent mould bases.As seen in Figure 5, when the radial direction excavated
When rib is to provide the rib of the trapezoid cross section of the rib, the natural embankment on caused stratum significantly increases its bearing capacity.
Therefore, can comprise the steps for producing the method for basic part:
- stratum is excavated to form the cavity with the shape complementary with base components.
- reinforcing member is built in the cavity excavated, wherein, opening of concrete panels (1) and reinforcing are mixed on this
Coagulate native rib (2).
- concrete is poured into the cavity excavated in stratum, and wherein, reinforcing member has been arranged at the cavity
In.
For the use of further optimised coagulation soil in the case where not jeopardizing the carrying quality of basic part and it is mined
Soil amount, as shown in Fig. 2 end difference can be formed by the excavation of reinforced concrete rib, so as to change reinforcing coagulation
The edge of native rib, the center that the edge leaves concrete panels are more remote then smaller.
The reinforced concrete rib can be made up of concrete " scene " or can be by completely or partially prefabricated (example
Such as, by half prefabricated elements of such as double-walled), so as to integratedly be worked with upper concrete panels all the time.