CN104600704A - Method and device for isolating harmonic waves of power supply and consumption systems - Google Patents
Method and device for isolating harmonic waves of power supply and consumption systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN104600704A CN104600704A CN201510063252.3A CN201510063252A CN104600704A CN 104600704 A CN104600704 A CN 104600704A CN 201510063252 A CN201510063252 A CN 201510063252A CN 104600704 A CN104600704 A CN 104600704A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1864—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein the stepless control of reactive power is obtained by at least one reactive element connected in series with a semiconductor switch
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for isolating harmonic waves of power supply and consumption systems. The method and the device are based on a technology for managing the harmonic waves. The method includes setting variable reactor and capacitor serial-parallel connection assemblies and connecting the variable reactor and capacitor serial-parallel connection assemblies into an inlet of a harmonic wave source; detecting harmonic wave contents and power supply and consumption conditions of two access ends of each assembly in real time; dynamically controlling parameters of serial-parallel connection variable reactors and capacitors according to the detected harmonic wave contents, effectively isolating the harmonic waves and allowing the harmonic waves to flow on the sides of the harmonic wave source; dynamically adjusting the parameters of the serial-parallel connection variable reactors and capacitors according to the power supply and consumption conditions, enabling filter indexes of the power supply and consumption systems to reach standards and increasing power factors of the power supply and consumption systems. The device comprises a variable reactor and capacitor serial-parallel connection unit, a harmonic wave isolation detection unit, a harmonic wave isolation control unit, a harmonic wave isolation execution unit and a harmonic wave isolation protection unit. The method and the device are used for isolating the power harmonic waves, purifying a power grid, improving the quality of electric energy, reducing loss, saving energy, improving the power supply and consumption reliability and the electric energy utilization efficiency, and have the advantages of safety, environmental protection, energy conservation and capability of improving the efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of harmonic wave control technology, particularly relate to a kind of electricity supplying and using system harmonic insulation method and device thereof.
Background technology
In modern industry and folk power supply system, owing to there is a large amount of nonlinear load, such as: arc furnace, induction furnace, electric locomotive, rectifying installation, frequency conversion equipment, fluorescent lamp, gaseous discharge lamp and other contain large power semiconductor device or the nonlinear-load such as electric arc, ferromagnetic device, corresponding non-linear current will be produced in electrical network; And non-linear current produces pressure drop on electric network impedance, supply power voltage waveform is distorted, becomes non-sinusoidal waveform; Non-sinusoidal waveform can be analyzed to the fundamental frequency of 50Hz and many integral multiples in first-harmonic harmonic wave (2 times, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times ...).Wherein harmonic wave will produce harmful effect to electrical network and electric equipment, and its main harm is as follows:
1. harmonic current causes the decline of system power utilance, power loss increase;
2. to capacitor, there is Current amplifier effect, affect reactive power compensation;
3. reduce system power factor, compensation arrangement cannot improve power factor;
4. cause electric cable heating, partial discharge, puncture, blow out, Ignition Phenomena is more, the useful life of cable is shorter;
5. the heatings such as transformer, circuit, electrical equipment, ageing of insulation, useful life is caused to shorten because system loss strengthens;
6. system harmonics resonance, noise are large, transformer resonance may be caused or burn, the blast of voltage transformer overvoltage or fuse melting;
7. harmonic pollution causes relaying protection and automatics malfunction, causes system repeatedly unknown cause power outage;
8. microsystem, data transmission system, automatically record wave system protective relaying device of unifying occurs that antijamming capability reduces, has the phenomenon such as loss of data, malfunction, mistake display, communicating interrupt.
In order to limit the harmful effect of harmonic wave to electrical network and electric equipment, China has formulated corresponding national standard: " quality of power supply utility network harmonic wave " GB/T 14549-1993.
The harmonic treating apparatus generally adopted both at home and abroad has two classes: a class is the passive filtration unit based on tuning absorption harmonic current principle.Another kind of is the active filter of harmonic current principle of cancellation based on instantaneous reactive power theory.But for having the filtering of nonlinear-load (harmonic source) of abundant harmonic content, the filter effect of passive filtration unit and active filter is poor.And passive filtration unit needs to design more times filter, its cost and loss strengthen; Active filter needs higher detection, response speed and power output, and cost and power consumption also strengthen further.In addition, the harmonic wave control principle of existing passive filtration unit and active filter be access in parallel focus on mechanism, the harmonic source of local can be amplified by cable and capacitor and pollutes whole electrical network, bring disaster to the user of this electrical network of access without harmonic source.And in many situations, although have employed filtering measures, the harmonic content of monitoring point still exceeds standard.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly solves the technical problem existing for prior art; Provide a kind of utilization harmonic wave damping principle, filter effect is bad, there is the harmonic source enriching harmonic content effectively isolate, the supply power voltage quality after harmonic wave isolation is made to meet the requirement of national quality of voltage standard, and, can to high-power harmonic source dispersion isolation, effectively avoid high-power harmonic-producing load to a kind of electricity supplying and using system harmonic insulation method of the pollution of anharmonic wave source load or user and device thereof.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of electricity supplying and using system harmonic insulation method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step one, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly are set, form the channels in series with humorous wave damping and the parallel port with harmonic wave flowing.Wherein, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly comprise variable reactor and capacitor series component and variable reactor and capacitor parallel component;
Assembly one: described variable reactor and capacitor series component comprise the different reactor of multiple parameter and capacitor series arm and to be formed in parallel harmonic wave antihunt circuit, and damped harmonic wave flows from harmonic source side direction electrical network; And the middle component parameters of each reactor and capacitor series arm should satisfy condition into:
Condition one: in this series arm, the induction reactance value of reactor is more than or equal to the capacitor value of capacitor, the ratio of the induction reactance value of each reactor and the internal resistance value of reactor is not less than 100;
Condition two: the voltage loss of each reactor and capacitor series arm and the voltage loss of different series arm parallel combination be not higher than 5% of rated voltage.
Assembly two: variable reactor and capacitor parallel component comprise the different reactor of multiple parameter and capacitor and to be formed in parallel harmonic wave dredging and power factor regulating circuit, by reactance value and the capacitor value of perception and capacitive reactive power capacity configuration reactor and capacitor.
Step 2, by variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access harmonic source entrance, be separated the harmonic source in electricity supplying and using system and anharmonic wave source, formation can be carried out the nonlinear area containing harmonic source of harmonic wave isolation and not contain the range of linearity of harmonic source, specifically:
The variable reactor that three phases changeable reactance device is separate by three with capacitor series component, counter element parameter is identical and capacitor series component form.
One end of three phases changeable reactance device and capacitor series component respectively with a certain phase (A of harmonic source entrance harmonic wave source, B, C) (nonlinear area containing harmonic source) is connected, the other end respectively with the corresponding phase (A of harmonic source entrance grid side, B, C) range of linearity of harmonic source (not containing) be connected.
The variable reactor that three phases changeable reactance device is separate by three with capacitor parallel component, counter element parameter is identical and capacitor parallel component form, and adopt star-star connection to connect.
One end of three phases changeable reactance device and capacitor parallel component respectively with a certain phase (A of harmonic source entrance harmonic wave source, B, C) (nonlinear area containing harmonic source) is connected, and the neutral point N of the other end and parallel component star-star connection links together.For three-phase four-wire system, neutral point N needs the neutral-point connecting wire accessing harmonic source and electrical network.
Step 3, in real time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access electrical network and harmonic source two ends harmonic content and supply electricity consumption operating mode, for dynamic harmonic isolation provides control information.Comprise:
Total harmonic distortion, current harmonics resultant distortion rate, 2 to 31 voltage harmonics and current harmonics account for the proportion of first-harmonic, three-phase voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power and power factor respectively.
Real-time detection harmonic content and meet basic demand and the technical standard of electric energy quality monitoring for the precision of electricity consumption operating mode and response time.
The variable reactor of real-time detection and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access the harmonic content at electrical network and harmonic source two ends and supply electricity consumption operating mode, the quality of power supply of the harmonic wave source of the grid side reflecting the range of linearity not containing harmonic source respectively and the nonlinear area containing harmonic source and operating condition situation, embody the effect of harmonic wave isolation simultaneously.
Step 4, according to detect harmonic content, the compound mode of Dynamic controlling connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, realize harmonic wave effectively isolate and move at harmonic source effluent, specifically on the basis of step 2 and step 3, according to the size of the harmonic content detected, harmonic wave isolation controller presses humorous wave damping direct ratio Controlling principle, the compound mode of Dynamic controlling connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, that is: when harmonic content increases, the humorous wave damping of corresponding increase namely increases series reactance value; When harmonic content reduces, the humorous wave damping of corresponding minimizing namely reduces series reactance value.
Step 5, according to for electricity consumption operating mode, the parameter of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, realize the up to standard and power factor of electricity supplying and using system filtering index to improve, specifically: according to the harmonic content detected with for electricity consumption operating mode, by variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel combination direct ratio Controlling principle, the compound mode of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor and parameter, that is: when harmonic source electric current is large, reactive power is large, corresponding increase variable reactor and capacitor series connection group number and and joint group number; When harmonic source electric current is little, reactive power hour, corresponding minimizing variable reactor and capacitor series connection group number and and joint group number.
At above-mentioned a kind of electricity supplying and using system harmonic insulation method, defining series arm in described assembly one is n, then should meet:
The reactance value that n the reactor of different series arm and the parameter of capacitor should meet counter element is the n-1 power relation of 2, for: series arm 1,2,3 ..., the interior resistance of reactor of n and induction reactance, the capacitive reactance parameter of capacitor is respectively: R
1+ jX
l1,-jX
c1; 2R
1+ j2X
l1,-j2X
c1; 4R
1+ j4X
l1,-j4X
c1; ...; 2
n-1r
1+ j2
n-1x
l1,-j2
n-1x
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N.
Series arm 1,2,3 ..., n parallel combination should meet damping maximum load current harmonic wave and enter electrical network; Series arm n should meet damping minimum load current harmonic wave and enter electrical network, and n is natural number.At above-mentioned a kind of electricity supplying and using system harmonic insulation method, define in described assembly two: shunt capacitor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
c, shunt reactor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
l, then should meet:
The capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor is the n-1 power of 2, for: Q
c1, 2Q
c1, 4Q
c1, 8Q
c1..., 2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c.
Shunt reactor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
l, the lagging reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt reactor is the n-1 power of 2, for: Q
l1, 2Q
l1, 4Q
l1, 8Q
l1..., 2
n-1q
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l.
The capacitive reactive power capacity of shunt capacitor branch road 1 is 2 times of the lagging reactive power capacity of shunt reactor branch road 1, for: Q
c1=2Q
l1.
Shunt capacitor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
cwith shunt reactor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
lparallel combination should meet the requirement improved with power factor up to standard of electricity supplying and using system filtering index, and N
c>N
l.
A kind of electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device, is characterized in that: comprise variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit, harmonic wave isolation detection unit, harmonic wave isolated controlling unit, harmonic wave isolated execution unit and harmonic wave insulation blocking unit; Wherein,
Variable reactor is connected electrical network with one end (series component end) of capacitor connection in series-parallel unit, and the other end (series component and parallel component common port) is connected harmonic source; Two groups of harmonic wave isolation detection unit inputs access series component end grid side and series component and parallel component common port harmonic wave source respectively; The output of harmonic wave isolation detection unit connects the input of harmonic wave isolated controlling unit; The output of harmonic wave isolated controlling unit connects the input of harmonic wave isolated execution unit; The output of harmonic wave isolated execution unit connects the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit; The output of harmonic wave insulation blocking unit connects input and the input of harmonic wave isolated execution unit of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit.
At above-mentioned electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device, described variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit are used for harmonic source and electrical network to isolate, and harmonic wave moves at harmonic source effluent, does not enter electrical network.Variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel cellular construction and parameter as follows:
Described variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly comprise variable reactor and capacitor series component and variable reactor and capacitor parallel component;
Assembly one: described variable reactor and capacitor series component comprise the different reactor of multiple parameter and capacitor series arm and to be formed in parallel harmonic wave antihunt circuit, and damped harmonic wave flows from harmonic source side direction electrical network; And the middle component parameters of each reactor and capacitor series arm should satisfy condition into:
Condition one: in this series arm, the induction reactance value of reactor is more than or equal to the capacitor value of capacitor, the ratio of the induction reactance value of each reactor and the internal resistance value of reactor is not less than 100;
Condition two: the voltage loss of each reactor and capacitor series arm and the voltage loss of different series arm parallel combination be not higher than 5% of rated voltage.
Assembly two: variable reactor and capacitor parallel component comprise the different reactor of multiple parameter and capacitor and to be formed in parallel harmonic wave dredging and power factor regulating circuit, by reactance value and the capacitor value of perception and capacitive reactive power capacity configuration reactor and capacitor.
Harmonic wave isolation detection unit is made up of two groups of threephase potential transformers and two groups of threephase current transformers, for gathering three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit grid side and harmonic source side.
Harmonic wave isolated controlling unit is synchronously isolated 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and harmonic detecting, analysis, intelligent control software formed by high-performance microprocessor or industrial computer, 8 road, by controlling harmonic wave isolated execution unit in real time, the structure and parameter of Dynamic controlling variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit, realizes the electricity supplying and using system harmonic wave index target improved with efficiency up to standard.
Harmonic wave isolated execution unit is made up of electronic power switch, and electrical network and the load of its rated voltage, electric current and power and access match, and meets the requirement run steady in a long-term.Electronic power switch realizes its turn-on and turn-off by the corresponding circuits for triggering of harmonic wave isolated controlling unit controls.
Harmonic wave insulation blocking unit is exited by di/dt, du/dt, overvoltage, overcurrent, phase shortage, short circuit, overheated, fault and forms with the protection such as auto by pass, realizes the protection of electronic power switch, reactor and capacitor.
Therefore, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: 1, good wave filtering effect: harmonic-wave isolation device series connection access harmonic source, can not amplify harmonic current after being isolated by shunt cable and capacitor branches, little to the harmonic pollution of electrical network.2, power factor is high: harmonic-wave isolation device can Dynamic controlling and adjustment variable reactor and the compound mode of capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly and parameter, realizes the up to standard and power factor of harmonic wave index and improves.3, supplementary load loss are low: harmonic-wave isolation device adopts thyristor electronic power switch, and be in conducting state or be in off state, its power loss is much smaller than the loss of IGBT device speed-sensitive switch state.4, system power is little: harmonic-wave isolation device, by shunt reactor and shunt capacitor combination, makes System Reactive Power electric current greatly reduce.5, wide spectrum filtering cost is low: harmonic-wave isolation device arranges the parameter of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly by the power side of 2, and 4 series arms can Dynamic controlling and adjustment 15 groups of connection in series-parallel compound modes.Be equivalent to 15 passive filtering LC resonant branch work simultaneously.6, operation maintenance is convenient: harmonic-wave isolation device adopts non-maintaining automatic operational mode work, without the need to manual operation.7, fail safe is good: the residue reactive power of passive filtration unit will cause adverse effect to electrical network, and when system internal impedance be can not ignore, system voltage will significantly improve, and variation exceeds standard; And harmonic-wave isolation device does not inject residue reactive power to system.Passive filtration unit may with system generation parametric resonance, and harmonic-wave isolation device can by adjustment reactor or capacitor parameters eliminate parametric resonance.The harmonic source that active power filtering produces, owing to measuring and the impact of the accuracy of manufacture and hysteresis quality, cannot offset the harmonic wave of nonlinear-load generation completely, and harmonic wave can amplify harmonic current in shunt capacitor and cable branch road; The heating of active power filtering power device is serious in addition, and cross cause thermal damage and may cause phase fault and overstep tripping, and harmonic-wave isolation device adopts thyristor switch control technology, steady operation under power frequency, loss is little, not fragile, and therefore fail safe is good.
In a word.The present invention both effectively can isolate harmonic wave, purification electrical network, can improve again the power supply reliability of electricity supplying and using system, improve power factor, for electricity supplying and using system safety and economic operation level; Purify electrical network, improve the quality of power supply, wastage reducing and energy saving; Improve the operating efficiency of efficiency and electric equipment.The present invention has that structure is simple, stable performance, economical and practical feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device structured flowchart.
Fig. 2 is electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device embodiment system wiring schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is method flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device of single harmonic source of the present invention and Multi-harmonic Sources is described in detail:
One, overall.
1, electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device.
As shown in Figure 1, electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device comprises variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10, harmonic wave isolation detection unit 20, harmonic wave isolated controlling unit 30, harmonic wave isolated execution unit 40 and harmonic wave insulation blocking unit 50.
One end (series component end is connected electrical network) of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10, the other end (series component is connected harmonic source with parallel component common port); Two groups of harmonic wave isolation detection unit 20 inputs access series component end grid side and series component and parallel component common port harmonic wave source respectively; The output of harmonic wave isolation detection unit 20 connects harmonic wave isolated controlling unit 30 and inputs; The output of harmonic wave isolated controlling unit 30 connects the input of harmonic wave isolated execution unit 40; The output of harmonic wave isolated execution unit 40 connects the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10; The output of harmonic wave insulation blocking unit 50 connects the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10 and harmonic wave isolated execution unit 40 inputs.
Two, major function block.
1. variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10: be made up of variable reactor and capacitor series unit and variable reactor and capacitor parallel units, for harmonic source and electrical network being isolated, harmonic wave moves at harmonic source effluent, does not enter electrical network.
2. harmonic wave isolation detection unit 20: be made up of two groups of threephase potential transformers and two groups of threephase current transformers, for gathering three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10 grid side and harmonic source side.
3. harmonic wave isolated controlling unit 30: synchronously isolated 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and harmonic detecting, analysis, intelligent control software formed by high-performance microprocessor or industrial computer, 8 roads, by controlling harmonic wave isolated execution unit 40 in real time, the structure and parameter of Dynamic controlling variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10, realizes the electricity supplying and using system harmonic wave index target improved with efficiency up to standard.
4. harmonic wave isolated execution unit 40: be made up of electronic power switch, electrical network and the load of its rated voltage, electric current and power and access match, and meet the requirement run steady in a long-term.Electronic power switch controls corresponding circuits for triggering by harmonic wave isolated controlling unit 30 and realizes its turn-on and turn-off.
5. harmonic wave insulation blocking unit 50: exited by di/dt, du/dt, overvoltage, overcurrent, phase shortage, short circuit, overheated, fault and form with the protection such as auto by pass, realize the protection of electronic power switch, reactor and capacitor.
Three, example.
As shown in Figure 2, the single-phase elementary diagram of a general harmonic-wave isolation device of electric power system.In Fig. 2, Vs is electrical network equivalent voltage source voltage, and Zs is electrical network equiva lent impedance, Z
lfor nonlinear-load (harmonic source).
1, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10.
Be made up of equivalent variable reactor and capacitor series component and equivalent variable reactor and capacitor parallel component.
Equivalent variable reactor and capacitor series component are formed in parallel by n reactor and capacitor series arm.Equivalent variable reactor and capacitor series component one end get access to grid equiva lent impedance Zs, another termination harmonic source Z
l.
The reactance parameter of the reactor of the n-th reactor and capacitor series arm and the capacitive reactance parameter of capacitor are the n-1 power of 2, that is: jX
l1,-jX
c1; j2X
l1,-j2X
c1; j4X
l1,-j4X
c1; ...; J2
n-1x
l1,-j2
n-1x
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N, by thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n carries out parallel combination, forms the humorous wave damping equivalent variable reactor corresponding with load current harmonic wave and capacitor series component, realizes harmonic wave damping function, prevent harmonic wave from entering electrical network.
Equivalent variable reactor and capacitor parallel component are by N
lindividual reactor and N
cindividual capacitor parallel branch is formed in parallel.Equivalent variable reactor and capacitor parallel component one termination harmonic source Z
l, the other end gets access to grid the neutral line of equivalent voltage source and Three-phase harmonic source.
The capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor branch road is the n-1 power of 2, that is :-jQ
c1,-j2Q
c1,-j4Q
c1,-j8Q
c1... ,-j2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c.
The lagging reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt reactor branch road is the n-1 power of 2, that is: jQ
l1, j2Q
l1, j4Q
l1, j8Q
l1..., j2
n-1q
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l.
The capacitive reactive power capacity of shunt capacitor branch road i is 2 times of the lagging reactive power capacity of shunt reactor branch road i, that is: Q
c1=2Q
l1, i=1,2,3 ..., n.
Shunt capacitor circuitry number N
cbe greater than shunt reactor branch road N
l, that is: N
c>N
l.
Equivalent variable reactor and capacitor parallel component are by thyristor switch K
21, K
22..., K
2n carries out parallel combination to shunt reactor and shunt capacitor, formed the harmonic wave corresponding with Load harmonic content and power factor dredge flow variable reactor and capacitor parallel component, for harmonic source provides harmonic wave to dredge circulation road, realize the requirement improved with power factor up to standard of electricity supplying and using system filtering index.
2, harmonic wave isolation detection unit 20.
By two groups of voltage transformer V
21and V
22, two groups of current transformer I
21and I
22composition, for the voltage and current of detection of grid side and harmonic source side.
3, harmonic wave isolated controlling unit 30.
Synchronously isolated 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and harmonic detecting, analysis, intelligent control software formed by high-performance microprocessor or industrial computer, 8 roads, by controlling harmonic wave isolated execution unit 40 in real time, the structure and parameter of Dynamic controlling variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit 10, realizes the electricity supplying and using system harmonic wave index target improved with efficiency up to standard.
4, harmonic wave isolated execution unit 40.
By thyristor switch K
11, K
12..., K
1n; K
21, K
22..., K
2n forms, and the connection in series-parallel combination for equivalent variable reactor and capacitor series component and equivalent variable reactor and capacitor parallel component controls.
5, harmonic wave insulation blocking unit 50.
By thyristor switch K
10, circuit breaker DL
20, DL
21and DL
22, fast acting fuse, di/dt, du/dt, overvoltage, overcurrent, phase shortage, short circuit, overheated, fault exit and the protection composition such as auto by pass, realize the protection of electronic power switch, reactor and capacitor.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (5)
1. an electricity supplying and using system harmonic insulation method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step one, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly are set, form the channels in series with humorous wave damping and the parallel port with harmonic wave flowing; Wherein, variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly comprise variable reactor and capacitor series component and variable reactor and capacitor parallel component;
Assembly one: described variable reactor and capacitor series component comprise the different reactor of multiple parameter and capacitor series arm and to be formed in parallel harmonic wave antihunt circuit, and damped harmonic wave flows from harmonic source side direction electrical network; And the middle component parameters of each reactor and capacitor series arm should satisfy condition into:
Condition one: in this series arm, the induction reactance value of reactor is more than or equal to the capacitor value of capacitor, the ratio of the induction reactance value of each reactor and the internal resistance value of reactor is not less than 100;
Condition two: the voltage loss of each reactor and capacitor series arm and the voltage loss of different series arm parallel combination be not higher than 5% of rated voltage;
Assembly two: variable reactor and capacitor parallel component comprise the different reactor of multiple parameter and capacitor and to be formed in parallel harmonic wave dredging and power factor regulating circuit, by reactance value and the capacitor value of perception and capacitive reactive power capacity configuration reactor and capacitor;
Step 2, by variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access harmonic source entrance, be separated the harmonic source in electricity supplying and using system and anharmonic wave source, formation can be carried out the nonlinear area containing harmonic source of harmonic wave isolation and not contain the range of linearity of harmonic source, specifically:
The variable reactor that three phases changeable reactance device is separate by three with capacitor series component, counter element parameter is identical and capacitor series component form;
One end of three phases changeable reactance device and capacitor series component respectively with the A of harmonic source entrance harmonic wave source, B, C are a certain to be connected mutually, the other end respectively with corresponding being connected mutually of harmonic source entrance grid side;
The variable reactor that three phases changeable reactance device is separate by three with capacitor parallel component, counter element parameter is identical and capacitor parallel component form, and adopt star-star connection to connect;
One end of three phases changeable reactance device and capacitor parallel component respectively with the A of harmonic source entrance harmonic wave source, a certainly in B, C be connected mutually, the neutral point N of the other end and parallel component star-star connection links together; For three-phase four-wire system, neutral point N needs the neutral-point connecting wire accessing harmonic source and electrical network;
Step 3, in real time detection variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access electrical network and harmonic source two ends harmonic content and supply electricity consumption operating mode, for dynamic harmonic isolation provides control information; Comprise:
Total harmonic distortion, current harmonics resultant distortion rate, 2 to 31 voltage harmonics and current harmonics account for the proportion of first-harmonic, three-phase voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power and power factor respectively;
Real-time detection harmonic content and meet basic demand and the technical standard of electric energy quality monitoring for the precision of electricity consumption operating mode and response time;
The variable reactor of real-time detection and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly access the harmonic content at electrical network and harmonic source two ends and supply electricity consumption operating mode, the quality of power supply of the harmonic wave source of the grid side reflecting the range of linearity not containing harmonic source respectively and the nonlinear area containing harmonic source and operating condition situation, embody the effect of harmonic wave isolation simultaneously;
Step 4, according to detect harmonic content, the compound mode of Dynamic controlling connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, realize harmonic wave effectively isolate and move at harmonic source effluent, specifically on the basis of step 2 and step 3, according to the size of the harmonic content detected, harmonic wave isolation controller presses humorous wave damping direct ratio Controlling principle, the compound mode of Dynamic controlling connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, that is: when harmonic content increases, the humorous wave damping of corresponding increase namely increases series reactance value; When harmonic content reduces, the humorous wave damping of corresponding minimizing namely reduces series reactance value;
Step 5, according to for electricity consumption operating mode, the parameter of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor, realize the up to standard and power factor of electricity supplying and using system filtering index to improve, specifically: according to the harmonic content detected with for electricity consumption operating mode, by variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel combination direct ratio Controlling principle, the compound mode of dynamic conditioning connection in series-parallel variable reactor and capacitor and parameter, that is: when harmonic source electric current is large, reactive power is large, corresponding increase variable reactor and capacitor series connection group number and and joint group number; When harmonic source electric current is little, reactive power hour, corresponding minimizing variable reactor and capacitor series connection group number and and joint group number.
2. a kind of electricity supplying and using system harmonic insulation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, defining series arm in described assembly one is n, then should meet:
The reactance value that n the reactor of different series arm and the parameter of capacitor should meet counter element is the n-1 power relation of 2, for: series arm 1,2,3 ..., the interior resistance of reactor of n and induction reactance, the capacitive reactance parameter of capacitor is respectively: R
1+ jX
l1,-jX
c1; 2R
1+ j2X
l1,-j2X
c1; 4R
1+ j4X
l1,-j4X
c1; ...; 2
n-1r
1+ j2
n-1x
l1,-j2
n-1x
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N;
Series arm 1,2,3 ..., n parallel combination should meet damping maximum load current harmonic wave and enter electrical network; Series arm n should meet damping minimum load current harmonic wave and enter electrical network, and n is natural number.
3. a kind of electricity supplying and using system harmonic insulation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, defines in described assembly two: shunt capacitor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
c, shunt reactor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
l, then should meet:
The capacitive reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt capacitor is the n-1 power of 2, for: Q
c1, 2Q
c1, 4Q
c1, 8Q
c1..., 2
n-1q
c1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
c;
Shunt reactor branch road is 1,2,3 ..., N
l, the lagging reactive power capacity of the n-th shunt reactor is the n-1 power of 2, for: Q
l1, 2Q
l1, 4Q
l1, 8Q
l1..., 2
n-1q
l1, n=1,2,3 ..., N
l;
The capacitive reactive power capacity of shunt capacitor branch road 1 is 2 times of the lagging reactive power capacity of shunt reactor branch road 1, for: Q
c1=2Q
l1;
Shunt capacitor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
cwith shunt reactor branch road 1,2,3 ..., N
lparallel combination should meet the requirement improved with power factor up to standard of electricity supplying and using system filtering index, and N
c>N
l.
4. an electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device, is characterized in that: comprise variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10), harmonic wave isolation detection unit (20), harmonic wave isolated controlling unit (30), harmonic wave isolated execution unit (40) and harmonic wave insulation blocking unit (50); Wherein,
Variable reactor is connected electrical network with one end (series component end) of capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10), and the other end (series component and parallel component common port) is connected harmonic source; Two groups of harmonic wave isolation detection unit (20) inputs access series component end grid side and series component and parallel component common port harmonic wave source respectively; The output of harmonic wave isolation detection unit (20) connects harmonic wave isolated controlling unit (30) input; The output of harmonic wave isolated controlling unit (30) connects the input of harmonic wave isolated execution unit (40); The output of harmonic wave isolated execution unit (40) connects the input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10); The output of harmonic wave insulation blocking unit (50) connects input and harmonic wave isolated execution unit (40) input of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10).
5. electricity supplying and using system harmonic-wave isolation device according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10) are for isolating harmonic source and electrical network, and harmonic wave moves at harmonic source effluent, does not enter electrical network; Variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10) structure and parameter as follows:
Described variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel assembly comprise variable reactor and capacitor series component and variable reactor and capacitor parallel component;
Assembly one: described variable reactor and capacitor series component comprise the different reactor of multiple parameter and capacitor series arm and to be formed in parallel harmonic wave antihunt circuit, and damped harmonic wave flows from harmonic source side direction electrical network; And the middle component parameters of each reactor and capacitor series arm should satisfy condition into:
Condition one: in this series arm, the induction reactance value of reactor is more than or equal to the capacitor value of capacitor, the ratio of the induction reactance value of each reactor and the internal resistance value of reactor is not less than 100;
Condition two: the voltage loss of each reactor and capacitor series arm and the voltage loss of different series arm parallel combination be not higher than 5% of rated voltage;
Assembly two: variable reactor and capacitor parallel component comprise the different reactor of multiple parameter and capacitor and to be formed in parallel harmonic wave dredging and power factor regulating circuit, by reactance value and the capacitor value of perception and capacitive reactive power capacity configuration reactor and capacitor;
Harmonic wave isolation detection unit (20) is made up of two groups of threephase potential transformers and two groups of threephase current transformers, for gathering three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10) grid side and harmonic source side;
Harmonic wave isolated controlling unit (30) is synchronously isolated 16 A/D analog-to-digital conversion High Speed Data Acquisitions, 16 road photoelectric switch amount output boards and harmonic detecting, analysis, intelligent control software formed by high-performance microprocessor or industrial computer, 8 road, by controlling harmonic wave isolated execution unit (40) in real time, the structure and parameter of Dynamic controlling variable reactor and capacitor connection in series-parallel unit (10), realizes the electricity supplying and using system harmonic wave index target improved with efficiency up to standard;
Harmonic wave isolated execution unit (40) is made up of electronic power switch, and electrical network and the load of its rated voltage, electric current and power and access match, and meets the requirement run steady in a long-term; Electronic power switch controls corresponding circuits for triggering by harmonic wave isolated controlling unit (30) and realizes its turn-on and turn-off;
Harmonic wave insulation blocking unit (50) is exited by di/dt, du/dt, overvoltage, overcurrent, phase shortage, short circuit, overheated, fault and forms with the protection such as auto by pass, realizes the protection of electronic power switch, reactor and capacitor.
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| JPH09135534A (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 1997-05-20 | Nichicon Corp | Harmonic current reducer |
| CN1323085A (en) * | 2000-08-17 | 2001-11-21 | 俞俭书 | Serial reactor |
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