CN102427232A - Multiple-harmonic-source harmonic isolation device - Google Patents

Multiple-harmonic-source harmonic isolation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102427232A
CN102427232A CN2011103066257A CN201110306625A CN102427232A CN 102427232 A CN102427232 A CN 102427232A CN 2011103066257 A CN2011103066257 A CN 2011103066257A CN 201110306625 A CN201110306625 A CN 201110306625A CN 102427232 A CN102427232 A CN 102427232A
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harmonic
source
harmonic wave
isolated
port
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李晓明
李晶
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Wuhan University WHU
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Wuhan University WHU
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40Arrangements for reducing harmonics

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Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple-harmonic-source harmonic isolation device, relating to a harmonic treatment technique. The multiple-harmonic-source harmonic isolation device of n harmonic sources to be isolated consists of n single-harmonic-source harmonic isolation devices, and the harmonic isolation device of one single harmonic source correspondingly isolates one harmonic source; and each single-harmonic-source harmonic isolation device comprises a harmonic damping unit (10), a harmonic gating unit (20), a filtering and reactive power regulating unit (30), a harmonic-source-containing port to be isolated (40) and a harmonic-source-free isolated port (50). According to the multiple-harmonic-source harmonic isolation device disclosed by the invention, harmonic waves can be effectively isolated, power factors can be increased, electricity quality of a power consumption system is improved, energy is saved, and the characteristics of simple structure, economical efficiency and practicability are obtained.

Description

A kind of multi resonant wave source harmonic wave spacer assembly
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of harmonic wave control technology, relate in particular to a kind of multi resonant wave source harmonic wave spacer assembly.
Background technology
In modern times in industry and the folk power supply system; Owing to there are a large amount of nonlinear loads; For example: arc furnace, induction furnace, electric locomotive, rectifying installation, frequency conversion equipment, fluorescent lamp, gaseous discharge lamp and other contain large power semiconductor device or nonlinear-loads such as electric arc, ferromagnetic equipment, in electrical network, will produce corresponding non-linear current; And non-linear current produces pressure drop on electric network impedance, and the supply power voltage waveform is distorted, and becomes non-sinusoidal waveform; Non-sinusoidal waveform can be decomposed into fundamental frequency and the many integral multiples of 50Hz in the harmonic wave of first-harmonic (2 times, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times ...).Wherein harmonic wave will produce harmful effect to electrical network and electric equipment, and its main harm is following:
1. make the element in the utility network produce additional harmonic loss, reduced the service efficiency of generating, transmission of electricity and power consumption equipment;
2. influence the operate as normal of various electric equipments, as make motor cause supplementary load loss, produce mechanical shock, noise and overvoltage, make that the transformer part is seriously overheated, ageing of insulation, the lost of life be so that damage;
3. cause parallel resonance and series resonance that electrical network is local, cause the electrical network serious accident;
4. contiguous communication system is produced and disturb, the lighter causes noise, reduces communication quality, and weight person causes information dropout, interfere with communications system operate as normal;
5. cause relaying protection and automatics misoperation, make electrical measuring instrument inaccurate, directly influence the safety and economic operation of ordinary production and electrical network.
In order to limit the harmful effect of harmonic wave to electrical network and electric equipment, China has formulated corresponding national standards: " quality of power supply utility network harmonic wave " GB/T 14549-1993.
At present, the harmonic treating apparatus that generally adopts both at home and abroad has two types:
One type of passive filtration unit that is based on tuning absorption harmonic current principle.It is by the linear passive device---the harmonic filter of several different number of times that inductance L, capacitor C, resistance R constituted is formed in parallel.The each harmonic filter is near this subfrequency or in some frequency bands, present Low ESR, absorbs corresponding harmonic current, thereby the harmonic current in the electrical network is reduced; When the resonance frequency in LC loop is identical with a certain higher harmonic current frequency, can stop this subharmonic to flow into electrical network, reach the purpose that suppresses harmonic wave.
The another kind of active filter that is based on the harmonic current principle of cancellation of instantaneous reactive power theory.It utilizes controlled power semiconductor to inject and the electric current that original harmonic current amplitude equates, phase place is opposite to electrical network, and the total harmonic current that makes power supply is zero, reaches the purpose of real-Time Compensation harmonic current.
Because advantages such as passive filtration unit has small investment, efficient is high, simple in structure, reliable and easy to maintenance; Simultaneously; Can also compensate the reactive power of some, so passive filtration unit remains the main means that domestic and international electric power system suppresses harmonic wave at present.But also there are some intrinsic defectives in it: several subharmonic that 1. can only suppress to fix, and can produce resonance under certain condition and harmonic wave is amplified certain subharmonic; 2. fixing reactive power can only be compensated, fine compensation can not be carried out the reactive load that changes; 3. the effective high material consumption of passive filtration unit, volume are big; 4. filtering requirements and reactive power compensation, pressure regulation require to be difficult to sometimes coordinate; 5. filter effect is subject to the influence that element or system parameters and mains frequency etc. change; 6. under certain conditions maybe with system's generation resonance, accidents caused; 7. when harmonic source increases, the filter burden increases the weight of thereupon, possibly cause can not moving etc. because of Harmonic overloading.
After active filter is the eighties in 20th century; Appearance along with the novel electric power semiconductor device; The development of pulse modulation technology (PMW), and based on the proposition of the harmonic current detection method of the theory of instantaneous reactive power and a kind of novel filter that produces compare with passive filter (Power Filter); Active filter (APF, Active Power Filter) has high accuracy controllability and fast-response; Each harmonic can not only be compensated, also flickering, compensating reactive power can be suppressed; Filtering characteristic does not receive the influence of system impedance, can eliminate the danger with system impedance generation resonance; Automatically the variation of follow load has the not available huge technical advantages of passive filter such as dynamic harmonic.But its use that there has been following issues limit in active filter:
1. the active filter cost is high, compares with passive filtration unit, and the preliminary expenses of equipment is bigger than normal.It is documented that the two expense is than greatly about about 7: 1 at present.Along with the decline of power electronic device price, this ratio can decline to a great extent along with the maturation of technology but in the long run;
2. the active filter own loss is big, and filter capacity is little.It is documented that compare with passive filtration unit, the loss of active electric power filter device will reach 50~90W/kVA, approximately is (2~4.5W/kVA) 20 times of passive filtration units.Higher loss promptly hinders the further raising of place capacity, has also increased operating cost.
3. active filter is operated in bigger electromagnetic interference and the electromagnetic component heating that produces under the high frequency state.
At present, can above-mentioned two types of devices be mixed sometimes and use, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses.But for the filtering of the nonlinear-load with abundant harmonic content (harmonic source), passive filtration unit need design more times filter, and its cost is high, loss is big.Active filter also needs higher detection and response speed.Yet in this case, the harmonic wave control effect of existing passive filtration unit and active filter is not good.Under many occasions, though adopted filtering measure, the harmonic content of monitoring point still exceeds standard.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming and defect that prior art exists; A kind of multi resonant wave source harmonic wave spacer assembly is provided; Filter effect is bad, have the harmonic source that enriches harmonic content and effectively isolate, make the supply power voltage quality of the load that does not contain harmonic source meet the requirement of national quality of voltage standard.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this.
1, single harmonic source harmonic wave harmonic wave spacer assembly comprises harmonic wave damping unit, harmonic wave gating unit, filtering and idle adjustment unit, contains the port to be isolated of harmonic source and does not contain the isolated port of harmonic source;
The isolated port that contains port to be isolated, harmonic wave damping unit, the harmonic wave gating unit of harmonic source and do not contain harmonic source is connected successively, filtering and idle adjustment unit and not contain the isolated port of harmonic source parallelly connected;
Harmonic wave damping unit harmonic gating unit is made up of induction reactance and capacitive reactance respectively, and its power frequency induction reactance equates with the power frequency capacitive reactance;
Filtering and idle adjustment unit are formed by reactor and capacitors in series.
2, multi resonant wave source harmonic wave spacer assembly is made up of n single harmonic source harmonic wave spacer assembly, and harmonic source to be isolated of the corresponding isolation of the harmonic wave spacer assembly in a single harmonic source.
Especially, the multi resonant wave source harmonic wave spacer assembly of installing concentratedly is connected in parallel all isolated ports and forms public isolated port 50, two binding post Y10 of public isolated port 50 and the terminals of Y20 as purification service area.
Invention characteristics and effect
Compare with existing filter, this harmonic wave spacer assembly has advantage and good effect:
1, simple in structure, fail safe good, loss is little, energy-saving effect is obvious, is applicable to that harmonic source isolates on the spot, reduces the scope of harmonic source harmonic pollution.
Adopt existing passive filtration unit; Generally need the humorous filter of a plurality of lists to constitute; For minimizing equipment drops into,, and do not place the harmonic source location usually with on the fixing access of the filter bus; Each single humorous filter has different frequency characteristics to different frequencies, each other and and system between exist and influence each other.As far as power frequency, the single humorous filter of each time can be condensance, under the less situation of light load, harmonic wave; Will cause filter to send reactive power to system; Busbar voltage is raised, and system power strengthens, and this influences the safe operation of system on the one hand; On the other hand, increased the power loss of system.
This harmonic wave spacer assembly has only a humorous branch road of list and a compensation branch road, and single humorous branch road is separate with the compensation branch road, not directly influence.As far as power frequency, the voltage drop of single humorous branch road is very little, near zero, so power loss is also little.The reactive power of compensation branch road is controlled, can not produce to system and send reactive power, makes the phenomenon that busbar voltage is raised, system power strengthens.
2, the harmonic wave isolation effect to wide spectrum harmonic wave (harmonic number is a lot) is good.
Adopt existing passive filtration unit, relatively poor to the filter effect of wide spectrum harmonic wave (harmonic number is a lot), on the one hand; Need many single humorous filters; Equipment investment and operating cost are strengthened, on the other hand because the influence of single humorous filter quality factor Q makes the filter effect of each harmonic not good; Because harmonic number is very high, therefore, the voltage and current harmonic wave resultant distortion rate that adds up is just bigger, often surpasses the countries concerned's standard.
The harmonic wave damping unit harmonic gating unit of this harmonic wave spacer assembly passes through by power-frequency voltage and electric current smoothly; And the each harmonic major part that will be higher than power frequency is isolated on the harmonic wave damping unit; Again through filtering and idle adjustment unit elimination part residue harmonic wave, so it is less to get into the harmonic content of isolated port.
3, little to influence on system parameters, and harmonic wave is isolated and reactive power compensation is relatively independent, controllability good, both can effectively isolate harmonic wave, can effectively improve power factor.
The harmonic wave damping unit harmonic gating unit of this harmonic wave spacer assembly and filtering and idle adjustment unit adopt " T " structure, directly be connected with load, rather than simple serial or parallel connection structure, therefore little to influence on system parameters; And; The parameter relative fixed of harmonic wave damping unit harmonic gating unit; The parameter of filtering and idle adjustment unit can according to the load variation adjust, this adjustment does not have a negative impact to harmonic wave damping unit harmonic gating unit, have relatively independent, controllability good.
4, can carry out harmonic wave to the multi resonant wave source and isolate, and provide voltage to purify service area.
For system with a plurality of harmonic sources; For example: the system side of distribution transformer contains the harmonic wave that exceeds standard, and the load side harmonic content also exceeds standard, at this moment; Adopting passive filtration unit is to be difficult to harmonic content is lower than corresponding national standards; Insert on the bus because passive filtration unit is parallel connection, system and load common bus can't provide extra purification service area.
This harmonic wave spacer assembly the purification service area after the public isolation is provided, the harmonic content in this district can be controlled to and be lower than national corresponding standard.
In a word.The present invention both can effectively isolate harmonic wave, can improve power factor again, was used for the improvement of the quality of power supply of electricity supplying and using system and energy-conservation, had simple in structure, economical and practical characteristics.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a single harmonic source harmonic wave spacer assembly structured flowchart;
Fig. 2 is the multi resonant wave source harmonic wave spacer assembly structured flowchart of installing concentratedly.
Wherein:
10-harmonic wave damping unit,
11,12 ..., 1n-the 1st, the 2nd ..., n harmonic wave damping unit;
20-harmonic wave gating unit,
21,22 ..., 2n-the 1st, the 2nd ..., n harmonic wave gating unit;
30-filtering and idle adjustment unit,
31,32 ..., 3n-the 1st, the 2nd ..., n filtering and idle adjustment unit;
40-port to be isolated,
41,42 ..., 4n-the 1st, the 2nd ..., n port to be isolated;
50-is isolated port.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the harmonic wave spacer assembly of single harmonic of the present invention source and multi resonant wave source is specified:
One, overall
1, the harmonic wave spacer assembly in single harmonic source
Like Fig. 1, the harmonic wave spacer assembly in single harmonic source comprises harmonic wave damping unit 10, harmonic wave gating unit 20, filtering and idle adjustment unit 30, contain the port to be isolated 40 of harmonic source and do not contain the isolated port 50 of harmonic source;
One termination of harmonic wave damping unit 10 contains an end W10 of the port to be isolated 40 of harmonic source; One end of another termination harmonic wave gating unit 20 of harmonic wave damping unit 10; Another termination of harmonic wave gating unit 20 is an end Y10 of isolated port 50 and an end of filtering and idle adjustment unit 30, and another termination of filtering and idle adjustment unit 30 is the other end Y20 of isolated port 50 and the other end W20 of port to be isolated 40.
The voltage and current that contains the port to be isolated 40 of harmonic source constitutes the series resonance passage of power frequency through harmonic wave damping unit 10 harmonic gating units 20; With a large amount of power-frequency voltages and the current delivery isolated port 50 to no harmonic source, a large amount of harmonic voltages and current filtering are isolated in harmonic wave damping unit 10; At this moment, filtering and idle adjustment unit 30 elimination fractional harmonics further reduce and import the harmonic wave of isolated port 50 into, and simultaneously, according to the variation adjustment reactive power of load, the power factor that makes the adjustment point is to being not less than 0.9.
2, the harmonic wave spacer assembly of multi resonant wave source
The harmonic wave spacer assembly of multi resonant wave source is made up of the spacer assembly in a plurality of single harmonics source, or the spacer assembly in a plurality of single harmonics source is disperseed to install, or the spacer assembly in a plurality of single harmonics source is installed concentratedly.
The harmonic wave spacer assembly of the multi resonant wave source of installing concentratedly be with each isolated port 50 be together in parallel and get final product; The isolated port of parallel connection is supplied power to linear load as power conditioner, and each port 40 to be isolated inserts a side that contains harmonic source respectively.
Suppose to exist the individual harmonic source of n (natural number).
Like Fig. 2, the harmonic wave spacer assembly of the multi resonant wave source of installing concentratedly is made up of the harmonic wave spacer assembly in n single harmonic source;
1st, the 2nd ..., n harmonic wave damping unit 11,12 ..., 1n respectively with the 1st, the 2nd ..., n port to be isolated 41,42 ..., 4n connects;
All isolated ports 50 are connected in parallel, and two of isolated port 50 binding post Y10 and Y20 are as the terminals that purify service area.
Specifically:
One termination of the 1st harmonic wave damping unit 11 contains an end W11 of the 1st port 41 to be isolated of harmonic source; One end of another termination the 1st harmonic wave gating unit 21 of the 1st harmonic wave damping unit 11; Another termination of the 1st harmonic wave gating unit 21 is an end Y10 of isolated port 50 and an end of the 1st filtering and idle adjustment unit 31, and another termination of the 1st filtering and idle adjustment unit 31 is the other end Y20 of isolated port 50 and the other end W22 of the 1st port 41 to be isolated;
One termination of the 2nd harmonic wave damping unit 12 contains an end W12 of the 2nd port 42 to be isolated of harmonic source; One end of another termination the 2nd harmonic wave gating unit 22 of the 2nd harmonic wave damping unit 12; Another termination of the 2nd harmonic wave gating unit 22 is an end Y10 of isolated port 50 and an end of the 2nd filtering and idle adjustment unit 32, and another termination of the 2nd filtering and idle adjustment unit 23 is the other end Y20 of isolated port 50 and the other end W22 of the 2nd port 24 to be isolated;
……
The termination of n harmonic wave damping unit 1n contains the end W1n of the n port 4n to be isolated of harmonic source; The end of another termination n harmonic wave gating unit 2n of n harmonic wave damping unit 1n; Another termination of n harmonic wave gating unit 2n is an end Y10 of isolated port 50 and the end of n filtering and idle adjustment unit 3n, and another termination of n filtering and idle adjustment unit 3n is the other end Y20 of isolated port 50 and the other end W2n of n port 4n to be isolated.
Two, major function piece
1, harmonic wave damping unit 10 harmonic gating units 20
Harmonic wave damping unit 10 harmonic gating units 20 are made up of induction reactance and capacitive reactance respectively; Select power frequency induction reactance to equate with the power frequency capacitive reactance; Make the power-frequency voltage between the harmonic wave damping unit 10 harmonic gating units 20 fall very little; Near zero, and that the harmonic voltage that is higher than power frequency falls is bigger, thereby plays the subharmonic effect in isolation part.
2, filtering and idle adjustment unit 30
Filtering and idle adjustment unit 30 are formed by reactor and capacitors in series, and reactor plays a part to suppress harmonic wave, and capacitor plays the reactive power compensation of filtering.
Three, instance
1, like Fig. 1, a 10kV electric power system contains a harmonic source; Before adopting the harmonic wave spacer assembly in single harmonic source, the voltage harmonic resultant distortion rate of harmonic wave port 40 to be isolated is 58.9%, and load active power is 1000kW, and reactive power is 1000kVar, and power factor is 0.707; After adopting the harmonic wave spacer assembly in single harmonic source; The circuit parameter of harmonic wave spacer assembly is: the resistance of the reactor of harmonic wave damping unit 10 is 1 Europe; Inductance value is (120/314) henry; The capacitance of the capacitor of harmonic wave gating unit 20 is 1/ (120*314) farad, and the induction reactance of harmonic wave damping unit 10 reactors equates with the capacitive reactance of harmonic wave gating unit 20 under the 50Hz power frequency.The inductance value of filtering and idle adjustment unit 30 is (120/314) * 0.06 henry, and capacitance is 1/ (120*314) farad.The harmonic wave voltage harmonic resultant distortion rate of isolated port 50 is 3.8% (GB is 5%), and the power factor after harmonic wave isolation and the compensation is 0.976.
2, like Fig. 2, a 10kV electric power system contains two harmonic sources; Before adopting the harmonic wave spacer assembly of multi resonant wave source; The voltage harmonic resultant distortion rate of the 1st harmonic wave port 41 to be isolated is that the voltage harmonic resultant distortion rate of 57.9%, the 2 harmonic wave port 42 to be isolated is 25.5%, and load active power is 1000kW; Reactive power is 1000kVar, and power factor is 0.707; After adopting the harmonic wave spacer assembly of two harmonic sources; The circuit parameter of the harmonic wave spacer assembly of two harmonic sources is: 1st, the resistance of the reactor of 2 harmonic wave damping units 11,12 is 2 Europe; Inductance value is (300/314) henry; 1st, the capacitance of the capacitor of 2 harmonic wave gating units 21,22 is 1/ (300*314) farad, and the capacitive reactance of the induction reactance and the 1st of the 1st, 2 harmonic wave damping units 11,12 reactors, 2 harmonic wave gating units 21,22 equates under the 50Hz power frequency.1st, the inductance value of 2 filtering and idle adjustment unit 31,32 is (240/314) * 0.06 henry, and capacitance is 1/ (240*314) farad.The harmonic wave voltage harmonic resultant distortion rate of isolated port 50 is 3.6%, and the power factor after harmonic wave isolation and the compensation is 0.994.

Claims (2)

1. multi resonant wave source harmonic wave spacer assembly is characterized in that:
The multi resonant wave source spacer assembly of n harmonic source to be isolated is made up of n single harmonic source harmonic wave spacer assembly, and harmonic source of the corresponding isolation of the harmonic wave spacer assembly in a single harmonic source;
Described single harmonic source harmonic wave spacer assembly comprises harmonic wave damping unit (10), harmonic wave gating unit (20), filtering and idle adjustment unit (30), contain the port to be isolated (40) of harmonic source and do not contain the isolated port (50) of harmonic source;
One termination of harmonic wave damping unit (10) contains an end (W10) of the port to be isolated (40) of harmonic source; One end of another termination harmonic wave gating unit (20) of harmonic wave damping unit (10); Another termination of harmonic wave gating unit (20) is an end (Y10) of isolated port (50) and an end of filtering and idle adjustment unit (30), and another termination of filtering and idle adjustment unit (30) is the other end (Y20) of isolated port (50) and the other end (W20) of port to be isolated (40).
2. by the described a kind of multi resonant wave source harmonic wave spacer assembly of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
When installing concentratedly,
1st, the 2nd ..., n harmonic wave damping unit (11,12 ..., 1n) respectively with the 1st, the 2nd ..., n port to be isolated (41,42 ..., 4n) connect;
All isolated ports are connected in parallel and form public isolated port (50), and two binding posts (Y10 and Y20) of public isolated port (50) are as the terminals that purify service area.
CN2011103066257A 2008-07-25 2008-07-25 Multiple-harmonic-source harmonic isolation device Pending CN102427232A (en)

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CNA2008100485308A Division CN101325338A (en) 2008-07-25 2008-07-25 Harmonic insulation method and apparatus thereof

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103529290A (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-01-22 国家电网公司 Three-phase intelligent meter capable of acquiring information of power distribution and power utilization
CN104600704A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-06 武汉大学 Method and device for isolating harmonic waves of power supply and consumption systems
CN104659786A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-27 贵州电网公司电网规划研究中心 Device for separating and eliminating resonance between power distribution network and electric equipment, and using method of device
CN105226656A (en) * 2015-10-22 2016-01-06 苏州华安普电力科技股份有限公司 A kind of multiple-harmonic-source harmonic shielding system

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103529290A (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-01-22 国家电网公司 Three-phase intelligent meter capable of acquiring information of power distribution and power utilization
CN104659786A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-05-27 贵州电网公司电网规划研究中心 Device for separating and eliminating resonance between power distribution network and electric equipment, and using method of device
CN104600704A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-06 武汉大学 Method and device for isolating harmonic waves of power supply and consumption systems
CN105226656A (en) * 2015-10-22 2016-01-06 苏州华安普电力科技股份有限公司 A kind of multiple-harmonic-source harmonic shielding system

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Application publication date: 20120425