CN104600332A - Membraneless fuel cell catalyst slurry and methods for preparing catalyst slurry and electrode - Google Patents
Membraneless fuel cell catalyst slurry and methods for preparing catalyst slurry and electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN104600332A CN104600332A CN201310532399.3A CN201310532399A CN104600332A CN 104600332 A CN104600332 A CN 104600332A CN 201310532399 A CN201310532399 A CN 201310532399A CN 104600332 A CN104600332 A CN 104600332A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
- H01M4/8835—Screen printing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
- H01M4/8882—Heat treatment, e.g. drying, baking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides membraneless fuel cell catalyst slurry and methods for preparing the catalyst slurry and an electrode. The catalyst slurry comprises a solid catalyst, a dispersing agent, a connecting material and an auxiliary. The preparation method of the catalyst slurry comprises the following steps: stirring and mixing the auxiliary, the connecting material and the dispersing agent to obtain paste type slurry; and then adding the catalyst into the paste type slurry during high-speed stirring, and stirring to obtain the evenly dispersed catalyst slurry. The invention further provides a preparation method of an electrode assembly. The slurry is good in dispersity and high in stability, not only can the catalyst agglomeration phenomenon be avoided, but also the usage amount of precious metal platinum can be reduced, and the catalyst can form a uniform and compact thin membrane on a substrate. The catalyst slurry and electrode assembly preparation methods are simple, convenient to operate, and strong in repeatability, and is suitable for continuous production, and the large-scale popularization and application is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is field of fuel cell technology, particularly relates to a kind of without membrane cell catalyst pulp, catalyst slurry preparation method for material and electrode preparation method.
Background technology
Fuel cell is described as the forth generation generation technology after thermoelectricity, water power and nuclear power, has great importance to " energy shortage " and " environmental pollution " this two hang-up that the current world of solution faces.Compared to traditional burning/internal combustion engine process, in fuel cell process, energy conversion efficiency is high, not by the restriction of Carnot cycle theoretical upper limit, also avoid the pollution problem that combustion process produces, is the important step of fossil energy to high-efficiency cleaning " low-carbon economy " transition.It can be that the occasion such as enterprise, school is powered as distributed energy that fuel cell arrives greatly, and little arriving can as the power supply of the portable equipment such as mobile phone, computer.On the other hand, a large amount of uses of fuel cell-powered and fuel cell car, electric motor car, can suppress the continuous pollution of environment effectively, contain global warming simultaneously.
As assembly the most expensive in fuel cell, the effect of dielectric film is interval anode and negative electrode and proton conducting or ion.The performance of proton exchange membrane directly decides the performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.Although the vast research institution of recent domestic is all at other novel proton exchange membranes of effort exploitation, perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane is still the dielectric film being best suited for fuel cell at present.According to estimates, dielectric film can account for more than 40% of battery total cost.The technical problems such as in addition, proton exchange membrane easily causes deviation electrode, and film is dry.These problems also do not solve very well above, thus limit the further genralrlization application of fuel cell.
Can make reaction-ure fluid (fuel and oxidant) natural layering under the control of Laminar Flow by microfluidic technology, avoid and use expensive proton exchange membrane, this design overcomes deviation electrode, and film such as to dry up at the various problems caused by membrane structure.This technology achieve fuel cell without membranization, namely without membrane cell.At present, the catalyst preparing route of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that all follows conventional lines without membrane fuel battery cathod and anode catalyst is all the noble metal catalysts based on platinum metal.As the people such as Choban (Journal of Power Sources 128 (2004) 54 – 60) a kind of experimental technique without membrane cell of reporting in the literature, adopt the platinum of electro-deposition as anode and negative electrode.Platinum metal expensive, causes fuel cell to be difficult to large-scale promotion and application.Therefore, for without the fluid of membrane cell and chemical characteristic, develop efficient catalyst-coated and novel membrane electrode technology of preparing is very crucial.
Screen printing technique is widely used in the preparation of fuel cell electrode, by carrying out modification to slurry, can reduce the use amount of fuel cell platinum.At present, mainly carry out from aspects such as the selections of carrier, auxiliary agent.Widely use material with carbon element as catalyst carrier, such as carbon nano-tube, active carbon, gnf, Graphene (GR) etc.Chinese invention patent (201010523435.6) discloses the preparation method of a kind of fuel cell Graphene/FePt nanocatalyst.Applicant adopts Graphene as carbon carrier, chloroplatinic acid and ferric nitrate as presoma.Adopt reducing process to prepare the catalyst of high degree of dispersion, the load capacity of noble metal platinum in fuel-cell catalyst can be reduced.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that existing fuel cell membrane electrode platinum amount is more, conductive capability is poor, provide a kind of silk screen print method to prepare the method for fuel cell membrane electrode.The membrane electrode prepared by the method has good catalytic activity, the feature that less by platinum amount and conductive capability is good.Use Graphene as catalyst carrier in preparation process, adopt silk-screen printing technique that the carbon nano-tube being loaded with catalyst is directly printed onto substrate surface.
The invention provides a kind of without membrane cell catalyst pulp, described catalyst pulp contains solid catalyst 0.02 ~ 2wt%, preferably 0.2 ~ 1wt%, dispersant 10 ~ 50wt%, preferably 20 ~ 40wt%, binder 10 ~ 60wt%, preferably 20 ~ 45wt%, auxiliary agent 20 ~ 50wt%, preferably 25 ~ 40wt%.
Of the present invention without in membrane cell catalyst pulp, described solid catalyst is Pt or load Pt or Pt-M catalyst on a catalyst support, and wherein M can be one or more in Ni, Co, Fe, Pd; Described catalyst carrier can be one or more in carbon nano-tube, carbon black, active carbon, gnf, Graphene (GR), carbon nano ring, carbon nanocoils, carbon nano rod, preferred carbon nano-tube or Graphene; In described load Pt or Pt-M catalyst on a catalyst support, the weight content of Pt is 30 ~ 80%.
Described dispersant can be one or several in ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerol, chloroform.
Described binder is methylcellulose and/or ethyl cellulose.
Of the present invention without in membrane cell catalyst pulp, described auxiliary agent can for having one or more in the polyaniline of conductivity, polythiophene, poly-o-phenylenediamine, poly m-phenylene diamine, poly-p-phenylenediamine (PPD), polypyrrole, preferred polyaniline and/or polythiophene.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned catalyst pulp of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) by auxiliary agent, binder and dispersant, stir 1 ~ 2 hour;
(2) in step (1) gained pasty slurry, add catalyst under high velocity agitation, stir 4 ~ 6 hours, obtain finely dispersed catalyst pulp.
Catalyst slurry preparation method for material of the present invention can also be
(1) first that auxiliary agent and dispersant is even, obtain mixed liquor;
(2) under agitation in step (1) described mixed liquor, binder is added, vigorous stirring 1 ~ 2 hour;
(3) in step (2) gained pasty slurry, add catalyst under high velocity agitation, stir 4 ~ 6 hours, obtain finely dispersed catalyst pulp.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of electrode assemblie, and described electrode assemblie is used for without membrane cell, and described electrode preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) carry out preliminary treatment to substrate, described pretreatment operation is first by substrate alcohol solvent cleaning 1 ~ 5 time, then uses washed with de-ionized water 1 ~ 5 time, then dry for standby;
(2) the process metacoxal plate obtained in step (1) prints catalyst pulp obtained above, printing is had altogether 10 ~ 30 times at substrate surface, after often printing 3 ~ 5 times, Catalytic Layer substrate will be scribbled dry 5 ~ 20 minutes at 50 ~ 80 DEG C, after being all completed for printing, the substrate scribbling Catalytic Layer is dried 40 ~ 90 minutes at 60 ~ 120 DEG C.
In the preparation method of electrode assemblie of the present invention, described substrate can be any one in carbon paper, nickel foam, the polyvinyl chloride being carved with microchannel, polytetrafluoroethylplastic plastic substrate.
Catalyst pulp of the present invention can be reused, and needs sealing to keep in Dark Place after finishing using at every turn, prevents the volatilization of volatile components.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
In catalyst pulp of the present invention, adopt methylcellulose and ethyl cellulose as binder, two kinds of materials have good dispersiveness, cementability and thickening property, make the slurry prepared have the feature of high dispersive, high stable, the electrode prepared with this slurry has good pliability and stability.
Catalyst can better be distributed in slurry by method of the present invention, not only can avoid catalyst generation agglomeration, the consumption of noble metal platinum can also be reduced, can ensure that catalyst forms the evenly film of densification on substrate, gained Stability of Slurry is high, in put procedure, not easily sedimentation phenomenon occurs.
Method of the present invention can increase the electric conductivity of membrane electrode by adding the auxiliary agent with conductivity, improve the output power density of fuel cell.
Catalyst slurry preparation method for material of the present invention and electrode assemblie preparation technology are simply, easy to operate, repeatable strong, are suitable for continuous seepage, are convenient to large-scale promotion application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the electrode of preparation in the embodiment of the present invention 3 is at 2.5mmol/L [Fe (CN)
6]
3-/4-cyclic voltammetry curve in solution.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, and described embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention.
The preparation of Pt/ Graphene solid catalyst
The present invention's Pt/ Graphene solid catalyst used can according to method preparation disclosed in document, as document " the co-reducing process preparation and characterization of platinum/graphen the oxygen reduction electro-catalyst " (Acta PhySico-Chimica Sinica of the people such as Wang Wanli, 2012,28 (12)).The preparation method of the present invention's solid catalyst used is as follows, is dissolved in the high purity water of 20mL by 0.5g Graphene, and then add the platinum acid chloride solution 100mL that concentration is 30mmol/L, stirring and dissolving is even.0.2 mmol/L NaBH is dropwise added under high-speed stirred condition
4solution 150mL, stirs 60 minutes continuously, after centrifugation, obtains Pt/ Graphene solid catalyst.
Embodiment 1
Get ethanol 10mL, methylcellulose 15g, soluble polyaniline 20g joins in flask, stirs 1 hour continuously, obtains pasty slurry; Then under high-speed stirred condition, in pasty slurry, add Pt/ graphen catalyst 0.15g, Keep agitation 4 hours, namely obtain a kind of catalyst pulp of the present invention.
Carbon paper is cut into 5cm × 10cm rectangular-shaped as substrate, surface washes of absolute alcohol 3 times, use washed with de-ionized water again 4 times, then dry, substrate after treatment prints catalyst pulp obtained above 10 times, after often printing 5 times, dry 20 minutes at being placed in 50 DEG C, after printing terminates, dry 90 minutes at being placed in 80 DEG C, obtain a kind of electrode assemblie of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
Get ethylene glycol 10mL, soluble polythiophene 25g joins in flask and mixes, and then in mixed liquor, adds ethyl cellulose 20g under agitation, stirs 2 hours continuously, obtains pasty slurry; Then under high-speed stirred condition, in pasty slurry, add Pt/ graphen catalyst 0.10g, Keep agitation 6 hours, namely obtain a kind of catalyst pulp of the present invention.
Nickel foam is cut into 5cm × 10cm rectangular-shaped as substrate, surface washes of absolute alcohol 3 times, use washed with de-ionized water again 4 times, then dry, substrate after treatment prints catalyst pulp obtained above 10 times, after often printing 5 times, dry 5 minutes at being placed in 80 DEG C, after printing terminates, dry 40 minutes at being placed in 120 DEG C, obtain a kind of electrode assemblie of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
Get isopropyl alcohol 10mL, polypyrrole 15g joins in flask and mixes, and then in mixed liquor, adds ethyl cellulose 12g under agitation, stirs 2 hours continuously, obtains pasty slurry; Then under high-speed stirred condition, in pasty slurry, add Pt/ graphen catalyst 0.15g, Keep agitation 6 hours, namely obtain a kind of catalyst pulp of the present invention.
Nickel foam is cut into 5cm × 10cm rectangular-shaped as substrate, surface washes of absolute alcohol 3 times, use washed with de-ionized water again 4 times, then dry, substrate after treatment prints catalyst pulp obtained above 10 times, after often printing 5 times, dry 5 minutes at being placed in 80 DEG C, after printing terminates, dry 40 minutes at being placed in 120 DEG C, obtain a kind of electrode assemblie of the present invention.
Electrochemically test electrode assemblie prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3.Adopt three electrode test systems, in embodiment 3, the electrode of preparation is as work electrode, and platinum electrode is to electrode, and calomel electrode is reference electrode.Test condition is, electrolyte 2.5 mmol/L [Fe (CN)
6]
3-/4-solution, sweep speed 20mV/s, scanning current potential-0.2V-0.6V.The test curve obtained is shown in shown in accompanying drawing.
Claims (13)
1. without a membrane cell catalyst pulp, it is characterized in that: described catalyst pulp contains solid catalyst 0.02 ~ 2wt%, dispersant 10 ~ 50wt%, binder 10 ~ 60wt%, auxiliary agent 20 ~ 50wt%.
2. catalyst pulp according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described catalyst pulp contains solid catalyst 0.2 ~ 1wt%, dispersant 20 ~ 40wt%, binder 20 ~ 45wt%, auxiliary agent 25 ~ 40wt%.
3. catalyst pulp according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described binder is methylcellulose and/or ethyl cellulose.
4. catalyst pulp according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described dispersant is one or several in ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerol, chloroform.
5. catalyst pulp according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described auxiliary agent is have one or more in the polyaniline of conductivity, polythiophene, poly-o-phenylenediamine, poly m-phenylene diamine, poly-p-phenylenediamine (PPD), polypyrrole.
6. catalyst pulp according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described auxiliary agent is polyaniline and/or polythiophene.
7. catalyst pulp according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described solid catalyst is Pt or load Pt or Pt-M catalyst on a catalyst support, and wherein, M is one or more in Ni, Co, Fe, Pd.
8. the catalyst pulp according to claim 1 or 7, is characterized in that: described catalyst carrier is one or more in carbon nano-tube, carbon black, active carbon, gnf, Graphene, carbon nano ring, carbon nanocoils, carbon nano rod.
9. the catalyst pulp according to claim 1 or 7, is characterized in that: described catalyst carrier is carbon nano-tube or Graphene.
10. prepare a method for the catalyst pulp according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) by auxiliary agent, binder and dispersant, stir 1 ~ 2 hour;
(2) in step (1) gained pasty slurry, add catalyst under high velocity agitation, stir 4 ~ 6 hours, obtain finely dispersed catalyst pulp.
11. 1 kinds of methods preparing the catalyst pulp according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) first that auxiliary agent and dispersant is even, obtain mixed liquor;
(2) under agitation in step (1) described mixed liquor, binder is added, vigorous stirring 1 ~ 2 hour;
(3) in step (2) gained pasty slurry, add catalyst under high velocity agitation, stir 4 ~ 6 hours, obtain finely dispersed catalyst pulp.
The preparation method of 12. 1 kinds of electrode assemblies, described electrode assemblie is used for without membrane cell, it is characterized in that described electrode preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) carry out preliminary treatment to substrate, described pretreatment operation is first by substrate alcohol solvent cleaning 1 ~ 5 time, then uses washed with de-ionized water 1 ~ 5 time, then dry for standby;
(2) the process metacoxal plate obtained in step (1) prints the catalyst pulp according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, printing is had altogether 10 ~ 30 times at substrate surface, after often printing 3 ~ 5 times, Catalytic Layer substrate will be scribbled dry 5 ~ 20 minutes at 50 ~ 80 DEG C, after being all completed for printing, the substrate scribbling Catalytic Layer is dried 40 ~ 90 minutes at 60 ~ 120 DEG C.
13., according to the preparation method of electrode assemblie described in claim 12, is characterized in that: described substrate is any one in carbon paper, nickel foam, the polyvinyl chloride being carved with microchannel, polytetrafluoroethylplastic plastic substrate.
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| CN201310532399.3A CN104600332B (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2013-11-04 | Without membrane cell catalyst pulp and prepare catalyst pulp and electrode method |
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| CN201310532399.3A CN104600332B (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2013-11-04 | Without membrane cell catalyst pulp and prepare catalyst pulp and electrode method |
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| CN104600332B CN104600332B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106602079A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江理工大学 | Method for preparing cellulose nanocrystalline-based derived carbon nanorod loaded with Pt nanoparticles |
| CN109225203A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-18 | 中自环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of vanadium base oxide SCR catalyst preparation method and its catalyst of preparation |
| CN110061244A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-07-26 | 江苏大学 | A kind of preparation method of aseptate line style fuel cell flexible |
| CN110729493A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-24 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Continuous production method for improving dispersibility of fuel cell catalyst slurry |
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| JP2002110180A (en) * | 2000-07-29 | 2002-04-12 | Dmc 2 Degussa Metals Catalysts Cerdec Ag | Film-electrode unit for polyelectrolyte fuel cell, method for making the same, and ink for making the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106602079A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江理工大学 | Method for preparing cellulose nanocrystalline-based derived carbon nanorod loaded with Pt nanoparticles |
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| CN110061244A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-07-26 | 江苏大学 | A kind of preparation method of aseptate line style fuel cell flexible |
| CN110061244B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2021-10-12 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of flexible linear fuel cell without diaphragm |
| CN110729493A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-24 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Continuous production method for improving dispersibility of fuel cell catalyst slurry |
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Effective date of registration: 20230824 Address after: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee after: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee after: Sinopec (Dalian) Petrochemical Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee before: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee before: DALIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICALS, SINOPEC Corp. |
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