Without membrane cell catalyst pulp and prepare catalyst pulp and electrode method
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fuel cell technology, it is more particularly to a kind of without membrane cell catalyst pulp,
Catalyst slurry preparation method for material and electrode preparation method.
Background technology
Fuel cell is described as the forth generation generation technology after thermoelectricity, water power and nuclear power, to solving current world face
" energy shortage " and " environmental pollution " this two hang-up faced has great importance.Compared to traditional burning/internal combustion engine mistake
Energy conversion efficiency is high in journey, fuel cell process, is not restricted by the theoretical upper limit of Carnot cycle, it is thus also avoided that combustion process is produced
Raw pollution problem, is important step of the fossil energy to high-efficiency cleaning " low-carbon economy " transition.Fuel cell is greatly to can be with
Be that the occasion such as enterprise, school is powered as distributed energy, it is small to can as the portable equipments such as mobile phone, computer power supply.Separately
On the one hand, fuel cell-powered and fuel cell car, a large amount of of electric car use, and can effectively suppress the continuous dirt of environment
Dye, while containing global warming.
As component the most expensive in fuel cell, the effect of dielectric film is interval anode and negative electrode and proton conducting
Or ion.The performance of PEM directly decides the performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.Although recent domestic is wide
Big research institution all is making great efforts to develop other novel proton exchange membranes, but perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane is still to be best suited for fuel electricity at present
The dielectric film in pond.It is estimated that dielectric film can account for more than the 40% of battery totle drilling cost.In addition, PEM is easily caused electricity
Pole deviation, the technical problem such as film is dry.Problems above is not solved also very well, so as to limit the further of fuel cell
Popularization and application.
Reaction-ure fluid can be made by microfluidic technology(Fuel and oxidant)Divide naturally under the control of Laminar Flow
Layer, it is to avoid use expensive PEM, this design overcomes deviation electrode, and dry wait of film is led to by membrane structure
Various problems.The technology realize fuel cell without membranization, i.e., without membrane cell.At present, no membrane fuel battery cathod
Follow conventional lines the catalyst preparation route of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells with anode catalyst, is based on platinum metal
Noble metal catalyst.Such as Choban et al. in the literature(Journal of Power Sources 128 (2004) 54–60)
A kind of experimental method without membrane cell of report, anode and negative electrode are used as using the platinum of electro-deposition.The price of platinum metal
Costliness, causes fuel cell to be difficult to large-scale promotion and application.Therefore, for fluid and chemical characteristic without membrane cell,
Develop efficient catalyst coating and novel membrane electrode technology of preparing is extremely crucial.
Screen printing technique is widely used in the preparation of fuel cell electrode, by being modified to slurry, can drop
The usage amount of low fuel battery platinum.At present, mainly carried out in terms of carrier, the selection of auxiliary agent.Widely use carbon material work
For catalyst carrier, such as CNT, activated carbon, Graphite Nano Fiber, graphene(GR)Deng.Chinese invention patent
(201010523435.6)Disclose a kind of preparation method of fuel cell graphene/FePt nanocatalysts.Applicant adopts
With graphene presoma is used as carbon carrier, chloroplatinic acid and ferric nitrate.The catalyst of high degree of dispersion is prepared using reducing process, can
Reduce the load capacity of noble metal platinum in fuel-cell catalyst.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of that existing fuel cell membrane electrode platinum amount is more, conductive capability is poor,
A kind of method that silk screen print method prepares fuel cell membrane electrode is provided.The membrane electrode prepared by this method has catalytic effect
Preferably, with platinum amount is less and the characteristics of good conductive capability.Graphene is used in preparation process as catalyst carrier, using silk screen
The CNT for being loaded with catalyst is directly printed onto substrate surface by typography.
The present invention provides one kind without membrane cell catalyst pulp, and the catalyst pulp contains solid catalyst 0.02
~2wt%, preferably 0.2~1wt%, 10~50wt% of dispersant, preferably 20~40wt%, 10~60wt% of binder, preferably 20~
45wt%, preferably 20~50wt% of auxiliary agent, 25~40wt%.
In the catalyst pulp of the present invention without membrane cell, the solid catalyst is Pt or is supported on catalyst load
Pt or Pt-M catalyst on body, wherein M can be one or more in Ni, Co, Fe, Pd;The catalyst carrier can be
CNT, carbon black, activated carbon, Graphite Nano Fiber, graphene(GR), carbon nano ring, carbon nanocoils, one in carbon nano rod
Plant or several, preferably CNT or graphene;In Pt the or Pt-M catalyst of the load on a catalyst support, Pt weight
It is 30~80% to measure content.
The dispersant can be the one or several kinds in ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycerine, chloroform.
The binder is methylcellulose and/or ethyl cellulose.
In the catalyst pulp of the present invention without membrane cell, the auxiliary agent can for conductive polyaniline,
One or more in polythiophene, poly-o-phenylenediamine, poly m-phenylene diamine, poly- p-phenylenediamine, polypyrrole, preferably polyaniline and/or
Polythiophene.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned catalyst pulp of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1)By auxiliary agent, binder and dispersant, stir 1~2 hour;
(2)Under high velocity agitation to step(1)Catalyst is added in gained pasty slurry, stirs 4~6 hours, is divided
Dissipate uniform catalyst pulp.
Catalyst slurry preparation method for material of the present invention can also be
(1)It is first that auxiliary agent and dispersant is uniform, obtain mixed liquor;
(2)Under agitation to step(1)In the mixed liquor, binder is added, is stirred vigorously 1~2 hour;
(3)Under high velocity agitation to step(2)Catalyst is added in gained pasty slurry, stirs 4~6 hours, is divided
Dissipate uniform catalyst pulp.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of electrode assemblie, and the electrode assemblie is used for without membrane cell, described
Electrode preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1)Substrate is pre-processed, the pretreatment operation is first to clean substrate with alcohol solvent 1~5 time, then
Clean 1~5 time with deionized water, then dry for standby;
(2)In step(1)Catalyst pulp obtained above is printed on obtained processing metacoxal plate, is had altogether in substrate surface
Printing 10~30 times, after often printing 3~5 times, will scribble catalysis laminar substrate and is dried 5~20 minutes at 50~80 DEG C, all print
After the completion of brush, the substrate for scribbling Catalytic Layer is dried 40~90 minutes at 60~120 DEG C.
In the preparation method of electrode assemblie of the present invention, the substrate can be carbon paper, nickel foam, be carved with the polychlorostyrene of microchannel
Any one in ethene, polytetrafluoroethylplastic plastic substrate.
Catalyst pulp of the present invention may be reused, and every time using needing sealing to be kept in dark place after finishing, prevent
The volatilization of volatile components.
The invention has the advantages that:
In catalyst pulp of the present invention, binder, two kinds of materials are used as using methylcellulose and ethyl cellulose
With good dispersiveness, cementability and thickening property so that the characteristics of slurry of preparation has high dispersive, high stable, with this
Electrode prepared by slurry has preferable pliability and stability.
Catalyst preferably can be distributed in slurry by method of the present invention, can not only avoid catalyst
Agglomeration, can also reduce the consumption of noble metal platinum, it is ensured that catalyst forms uniform and fine and close film on substrate,
Gained Stability of Slurry is high, and sedimentation phenomenon is not susceptible in placement process.
The method of the present invention auxiliary agent conductive by adding can increase the electric conductivity of membrane electrode, improve
The output power density of fuel cell.
Catalyst slurry preparation method for material of the present invention and electrode assemblie preparation technology are simple, easy to operate, and repeatability is strong, fit
In continuous production, it is easy to large-scale promotion application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be in the embodiment of the present invention 3 electrode for preparing in 2.5mmol/L [Fe (CN)6]3-/4-Circulation volt in solution
Pacify curve.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, and the embodiment is only used for explaining the present invention,
Rather than limitation of the present invention.
The preparation of Pt/ graphene solid catalysts
Pt/ graphenes solid catalyst used in the present invention can be prepared according to method disclosed in document, such as Wang Wanli
The document of people《The co-reducing process of platinum/graphen oxygen reduction electro-catalyst is prepared and characterized》(Acta PhySico-Chimica Sinica, 2012,28
(12)).The preparation method of solid catalyst used of the invention is as follows, 0.5g graphenes is dissolved in 20mL high purity water, then
The platinum acid chloride solution 100mL that concentration is 30mmol/L is added, stirring and dissolving is uniform.0.2 is added dropwise under the conditions of high-speed stirred
mmol/L NaBH4Solution 150mL, is continuously stirred 60 minutes, after centrifugation, obtains Pt/ graphene solid catalysts.
Embodiment 1
Take ethanol 10mL, methylcellulose 15g, soluble polyaniline 20g to be added in flask, continuously stir 1 hour, obtain
To pasty slurry;Then Pt/ graphen catalyst 0.15g are added into pasty slurry under the conditions of high-speed stirred, 4 are persistently stirred
Hour, that is, obtain a kind of catalyst pulp of the invention.
Carbon paper is cut into 5cm × 10cm rectangular-shaped as substrate, surface washes of absolute alcohol 3 times, then use deionized water
Cleaning 4 times, is then dried, and catalyst pulp obtained above is printed on substrate after treatment 10 times, after often printing 5 times, is put
In being dried 20 minutes at 50 DEG C, after printing terminates, it is placed at 80 DEG C and dries 90 minutes, obtain a kind of electrode assemblie of the invention.
Embodiment 2
Take ethylene glycol 10mL, soluble polythiophene 25g to be added in flask to be well mixed, then under agitation to mixed
Close and ethyl cellulose 20g is added in liquid, continuously stir 2 hours, obtain pasty slurry;Then to pasty state under the conditions of high-speed stirred
Pt/ graphen catalyst 0.10g are added in slurry, persistently stirs 6 hours, that is, obtains a kind of catalyst pulp of the invention.
Nickel foam is cut into 5cm × 10cm rectangular-shaped as substrate, surface washes of absolute alcohol 3 times, then use deionization
Water is cleaned 4 times, is then dried, and catalyst pulp obtained above is printed on substrate after treatment 10 times, after often printing 5 times,
It is placed at 80 DEG C and dries 5 minutes, after printing terminates, is placed at 120 DEG C and dries 40 minutes, obtain a kind of electrode assemblie of the invention.
Embodiment 3
Take isopropanol 10mL, polypyrrole 15g to be added in flask to be well mixed, then under agitation into mixed liquor
Ethyl cellulose 12g is added, continuously stirs 2 hours, obtains pasty slurry;Then under the conditions of high-speed stirred into pasty slurry
Pt/ graphen catalyst 0.15g are added, persistently stirs 6 hours, that is, obtains a kind of catalyst pulp of the invention.
Nickel foam is cut into 5cm × 10cm rectangular-shaped as substrate, surface washes of absolute alcohol 3 times, then use deionization
Water is cleaned 4 times, is then dried, and catalyst pulp obtained above is printed on substrate after treatment 10 times, after often printing 5 times,
It is placed at 80 DEG C and dries 5 minutes, after printing terminates, is placed at 120 DEG C and dries 40 minutes, obtain a kind of electrode assemblie of the invention.
The electrode assemblie that electrochemically prepared by the test embodiment of the present invention 3.Using three electrode test systems, to implement
The electrode prepared in example 3 is as working electrode, and platinum electrode is that calomel electrode is reference electrode to electrode.Test condition is to be electrolysed
The mmol/L of liquid 2.5 [Fe (CN)6]3-/4-Solution, sweep speed 20mV/s, scanning current potential -0.2V-0.6V.Obtained test is bent
Line is as shown in accompanying drawing.