CN104597131A - Urban catering oil fume monitoring probe - Google Patents
Urban catering oil fume monitoring probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN104597131A CN104597131A CN201410765427.0A CN201410765427A CN104597131A CN 104597131 A CN104597131 A CN 104597131A CN 201410765427 A CN201410765427 A CN 201410765427A CN 104597131 A CN104597131 A CN 104597131A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an urban catering oil fume monitoring probe, which includes a lead, a fixed disk, powerful magnets, a monitoring device, an ultrasonic reflection baffle plate and a circuit board. The powerful magnets are all mounted on the fixed disk, the monitoring device is installed on the fixed disk through an aluminum alloy shell, the monitoring device consists of an ultrasonic transducer and sensors, the sensors including a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor that are installed on both sides of the ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic reflection baffle plate is mounted at the top of the aluminum alloy shell through a reflection baffle plate support. The urban catering oil fume monitoring probe provided by the invention has the characteristics of convenient installation and simple structure, only uses one ultrasonic transducer, measures the flow rate by detecting the frequency shift signal and measures the concentration by detecting the sound intensity, has average power consumption of less than 10mW, thus creating the condition for long distance transmission of monitoring signals, and realizing concentration and flow rate monitoring on oil fume in urban catering enterprise oil fume discharge flues and conversion of oil fume discharge amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil smoke monitoring field, specifically a kind of urban catering cooking fume probe.
Background technology
One of oil smoke of catering industry waste gas important root having become each urban air pollution; as PM2.5; national environmental protection portion has put into effect a series of relevant policies for oil smoke of catering industry pollution problem, and requires that in home management work scope is listed fume pollution problem by national each provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of municipality directly under the Central Government and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of environmental protection key cities.Strictly forbid the uncontrollable discharge in fume pollution source, want solar obligation ventilation equipment and purification plant without ventilation equipment and purification plant; Emission standard will meet " cooking fume emission standard (trying) " (GB18483-2001), and maximum permission concentration of emission must not more than 2.0mg/m
3; Further, environmental protection examination & approval Shi Kai eating and drinking establishment license handles an indispensable step in process.
At present, the environmental monitoring that kitchen fumes is polluted in all parts of the country, most people rests on the manual monitoring stage, time coverage rate is low, monitoring range is limited, is difficult to reflect comparatively city environmental pollution consecutive variations situation in large regions, is also difficult to reach Real-Time Monitoring, exceeds standard warning, unattended requirement in real time, and time-consuming, have a strong impact on the work efficiency of environmental administration and quick reflection ability.Meanwhile, not in place owing to supervising, and cause fume purifier of fume to perform practically no function, the phenomenon of fume purifier of fume is not installed even at all, has become the important cause of fume pollution problem.
Urban catering oil smoke online monitoring system is that urban catering oil smoke on-line monitoring instrument is important perception indispensable in system and transmission equipment in order to coordinate the monitoring policy that country is correlated with to kitchen fumes and the oil smoke network monitoring system for things of new generation researched and developed.Kitchen fumes concentration monitor product in the market, adopts semiconductor transducer to monitor, life-span short, low precision mostly, and due to the covering that is subject to oil content and pollution, maintenance is very large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of save cost, urban catering cooking fume easy for installation probe, to solve the problem proposed in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of urban catering cooking fume probe, comprise wire, shaft collar, strong magnets, monitoring device, ultrasonic reflections baffle plate and circuit board, strong magnets is evenly arranged on shaft collar, described monitoring device is arranged on shaft collar by Al-alloy casing, described monitoring device comprises ultrasonic transducer and sensor, described sensor comprises temperature sensor and pressure transducer, temperature sensor and pressure transducer are arranged on the both sides of ultrasonic transducer, described ultrasound wave is launched baffle plate and is arranged on Al-alloy casing top by launching barrier support, described circuit board is arranged on shaft collar inside, described wire is arranged on the bottom of shaft collar and wire is connected with circuit board,
Circuit in described circuit board comprises ultrasonic transceiver circuit, temperature sensor receiving circuit, pressure transducer receiving circuit, MCU digital signal processing circuit and the telecommunication circuit with main frame; Described temperature sensor is all connected MCU digital signal processing circuit with the signal of pressure transducer collection after enlarge leadingly, filter and amplification, described ultrasonic transceiver circuit comprises ultrasonic output circuit, ultrasound wave sound intensity signal acquisition circuit and ultrasound wave Doppler frequency-shift signal acquisition circuit, described ultrasound wave sound intensity signal acquisition circuit comprises frequency selection circuit, second-order filter circuit, logarithmic amplifying circuit and amplification and rectification circuit, and described ultrasound wave Doppler frequency-shift signal acquisition circuit comprises mixting circuit and amplifies Circuit tuning;
In described ultrasonic output circuit, ultrasound wave generation signal connects the grid of field effect transistor M2 by resistance R19, the source ground of field effect transistor M2, the primary coil of the drain electrode connection transformer T1 of field effect transistor M2, the other end contact resistance R24 respectively of described transformer T1 primary coil, resistance R21 and electric capacity C11, the described resistance R24 other end connects 12V voltage signal, ground connection after the described resistance R21 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C11 other end, the secondary coil contact resistance R22 and sensor LS1 respectively of described transformer T1, the other end of described transformer T1 secondary coil connects diode D3 and diode D4 respectively, the diode D3 other end connects the diode D4 other end respectively, the sensor LS1 other end, the resistance R22 other end and ultrasonic echo signal,
In described frequency selection circuit, ultrasonic echo signal is connected electric capacity C12, diode D5 and diode D6 respectively by resistance R43 and electric capacity C1 successively, ground connection after the described diode D5 other end and the parallel connection of the diode D6 other end, the described electric capacity C12 other end is by the base stage of resistance R28 difference contact resistance R29 and triode Q2, the emitter of described triode Q2 is by resistance R44 ground connection, the collector contact resistance R29 other end, the resistance R30 and electric capacity C13 respectively of triode Q2, the described electric capacity C13 other end is by signal after resistance R32 output frequency-selecting process;
In described second-order filter circuit, after frequency-selecting process, signal connects electric capacity C19 respectively, electric capacity C20 and resistance R33, described resistance R33 other end ground connection, 6 pin of electric capacity C19 other end difference contact resistance R41 and operational amplifier U1B, the 5 pin contact resistance R39 respectively of described operational amplifier U1B, electric capacity C25, 3 pin of resistance R36 and operational amplifier U1A, ground connection after the resistance R39 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C25 other end, the resistance R36 other end is all connected VCC voltage signal with 8 pin of operational amplifier U1A, 7 pin of described operational amplifier U1B connect the electric capacity C20 other end respectively, the resistance R41 other end and resistance R37, the described resistance R37 other end connects electric capacity C21 respectively by resistance R34, electric capacity C22 and resistance R35, described resistance R35 other end ground connection, 2 pin of electric capacity C21 other end difference contact resistance R42 and operational amplifier U1A, 1 pin of described operational amplifier U1A connects the electric capacity C22 other end respectively, the resistance R42 other end and electric capacity C14, signal after electric capacity C14 other end output filtering,
Filtered signal contact resistance R47 and electric capacity C29 respectively in described logarithmic amplifying circuit, the described resistance R47 other end connects electric capacity C27 respectively, 2 pin of electric capacity C28 and A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C29 other end connects 8 pin of A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C28 other end connects 3 pin of A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C27 other end connects 1 pin of A/D converter J7, 7 pin of A/D converter J7 connect VCC voltage signal by resistance R20, 6 pin of A/D converter J7 connect electric capacity C16, 5 pin of A/D converter J7 connect electric capacity C18, ground connection after the electric capacity C16 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C18 other end, 4 pin of A/D converter J7 are successively by signal after electric capacity C26 and resistance R46 output logarithmic amplification,
In described amplification and rectification circuit, after logarithmic amplification, signal connects 3 pin of electric capacity C24 and operational amplifier U4A respectively, the equal ground connection of 4 pin of the electric capacity C24 other end and operational amplifier U4A, 8 pin of operational amplifier U4A connect VCC voltage signal, 1 pin of the 2 pin difference concatenation operation amplifier U4A of operational amplifier U4A and resistance R40, 5 pin of described resistance R40 other end difference contact resistance R23 and operational amplifier U4B, resistance R23 other end ground connection, the 6 pin contact resistance R38 respectively of operational amplifier U4B, electric capacity C23 and resistance R45, described resistance R45 other end ground connection, 7 pin and the resistance R31 of concatenation operation amplifier U4B are distinguished in the resistance R38 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C23 other end afterwards, described resistance R31 connects and mends electric capacity C15 and export and amplifies signal after shaping,
In described mixting circuit, ultrasonic echo signal is by electric capacity C23 contact resistance R29 respectively, 1 pin of resistance R36 and chip N2, resistance R36 other end ground connection, the described resistance R29 other end is successively by 4 pin of slide rheostat R49 and village resistance R30 difference contact resistance R41 and chip N2, described resistance R41 other end contact resistance R50 ground connection, the resistance R50 other end connects 5 pin of chip N2, 14 pin of described chip N2 connect-12V voltage signal, 12 pin of described chip N2 connect inductance L 6 respectively, electric capacity C29 and resistance R40, described electric capacity C29 other end ground connection, inductance L 6 other end connects inductance L 5 respectively, electric capacity C30 and resistance R38, inductance L 5 other end connects 6 pin and the resistance R39 of described chip N2 respectively, described electric capacity C30 other end ground connection, the resistance R38 other end is contact resistance R37 respectively, electric capacity C27, 8 pin of resistance R35 and chip N2, ground connection after the described resistance R37 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C27 other end, the described resistance R35 other end connects 10 pin of electric capacity C26 and chip N2 respectively, the electric capacity C26 other end exports reference signal, the described resistance R39 other end be connected after the parallel connection of the resistance R40 other end and mend electric capacity C35 and export mixed signal,
Mixed signal contact resistance R28 and electric capacity C15 respectively in described amplification Circuit tuning, the described resistance R28 other end connects 10 pin of electric capacity C20 and operational amplifier U1C respectively, the described electric capacity C20 other end is contact resistance R32 and resistance R33 respectively, 9 pin of resistance R32 other end concatenation operation amplifier U1C, the resistance R33 other end connects the electric capacity C15 other end respectively, 8 pin of electric capacity C25 and operational amplifier U1C, 12 pin of electric capacity C25 other end concatenation operation amplifier U1D, the 13 pin contact resistance R58 and village resistance R53 respectively of operational amplifier U1D, the resistance R53 other end connects electric capacity C33 and electric capacity C34 respectively, the electric capacity C33 other end is the contact resistance C58 other end respectively, export after 14 pin of the electric capacity C34 other end and operational amplifier U1D and amplify the rear signal of adjustment.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described strong magnets has three.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described temperature sensor is platinum resistance temperature sensor, described pressure transducer is ceramic pressure sensor.
As the present invention's further scheme: the material of ultrasonic transducer is piezoelectric ceramics, the wafer diameter of ultrasonic transducer is Φ 20mm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is easy for installation, simple structure, only use a ultrasonic transducer, both flow velocity was measured by detecting frequency shift signal, concentration is measured again by detecting sound intensity decay, average power consumption is not more than 10mW, long-distance transmissions for monitor signal has made condition, achieves the monitoring of oil smoke concentration, flow velocity in urban catering enterprise oil smoke discharge flue and converses oil smoke discharge amount.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is vertical view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is electrical block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is ultrasonic output circuit connection layout in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is frequency selection circuit connection layout in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is second-order filter circuit connection layout in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is logarithmic amplifying circuit connection layout in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is amplification and rectification circuit connection layout in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is mixting circuit connection layout in the present invention.
Figure 10 amplifies Circuit tuning connection layout in the present invention.
Figure 11 is soot particles fluid-velocity survey principle schematic in the present invention.
Figure 12 is that in the present invention, ultrasound wave propagates schematic diagram in flue.
In figure: 1-wire; 2-shaft collar; 3-strong magnets; 4-Al-alloy casing; 5-reflecting curtain support; 6-monitoring device; 7-ultrasonic reflections baffle plate; 8-circuit board; 9-temperature sensor; 10-ultrasonic transducer; 11-pressure transducer.
Embodiment
Be described in more detail below in conjunction with the technical scheme of embodiment to this patent.
Refer to Fig. 1-2, a kind of urban catering cooking fume probe, comprise wire 1, shaft collar 2, strong magnets 3, monitoring device 6, ultrasonic reflections baffle plate 7 and circuit board 8, described strong magnets 3 has three, strong magnets 3 is evenly arranged on shaft collar 2, described monitoring device 6 is arranged on shaft collar 2 by Al-alloy casing 4, described monitoring device 6 comprises ultrasonic transducer 10 and sensor, described sensor comprises temperature sensor 9 and pressure transducer 11, comes calculating concentration and discharge capacity in order to the temperature drift compensating ultrasonic transducer 10; Temperature sensor 9 and pressure transducer 11 are arranged on the both sides of ultrasonic transducer 10, and temperature sensor 9 is platinum resistance temperature sensor, and pressure transducer 11 is ceramic pressure sensor.Described ultrasound wave is launched baffle plate 7 and is arranged on Al-alloy casing 4 top by launching barrier support 5, and it is inner that described circuit board 8 is arranged on shaft collar 2, and described wire 1 is arranged on the bottom of shaft collar 2 and wire 1 is connected with circuit board 8.
Described ultrasound wave launching and receiving is all realized by ultrasonic transducer 10, reduce the inconsistent and impact that causes of transmitting-receiving transducer to greatest extent, the reference frequency of ultrasonic transducer 10 and reference frequency are unified to be produced, and eliminates the inconsistent and error that produces of frequency generator.The material of ultrasonic transducer 10 is piezoelectric ceramics, has piezoelectric property good, the advantages such as production and machining convenience; Ultrasonic transducer 10 frequency of operation obtains through great many of experiments, the noise in flue on probe impact very little, sensitivity and resolving power high, directive property is good; When the wafer diameter of ultrasonic transducer 10 increases, acoustic beam directive property improves, and acoustic energy is concentrated, but the acoustic energy of radiation is large, and scanning scope in diffusion region is large, and remote scanning scope diminishes relatively, and therefore ultrasonic transducer 10 wafer diameter elects Φ 20mm as.
Refer to Fig. 3, the circuit in described circuit board 8 comprises ultrasonic transceiver circuit, temperature sensor receiving circuit, pressure transducer receiving circuit, MCU digital signal processing circuit and the telecommunication circuit with main frame; Described temperature sensor is all connected MCU digital signal processing circuit with the signal of pressure transducer collection after enlarge leadingly, filter and amplification, described ultrasonic transceiver circuit comprises ultrasonic output circuit, ultrasound wave sound intensity signal acquisition circuit and ultrasound wave Doppler frequency-shift signal acquisition circuit, described ultrasound wave sound intensity signal acquisition circuit comprises frequency selection circuit, second-order filter circuit, logarithmic amplifying circuit and amplification and rectification circuit, and described ultrasound wave Doppler frequency-shift signal acquisition circuit comprises mixting circuit and amplifies Circuit tuning.
Ultrasonic transducer 10 first sends series of ultrasound ripple before measurements for cleaning probe, when launching ultrasound wave, send a string fixed frequency signal, ultrasonic transducer 10 is encouraged after amplifying, then wait for Δ T time, eliminate launch dry just, Δ T is less than echo time of arrival, when ultrasonic transducer 10 receives ultrasonic signal, after preliminary amplification, carry out Doppler frequency-shift input and the detection of the ultrasound wave sound intensity respectively.The last A/D converter delivering to MCU digital signal processing circuit again carries out analog to digital conversion, after software analysis, export the Treatment Analysis results such as concentration, flow velocity, flow, temperature and pressure by the telecommunication circuit of same main frame to main frame.
Refer to Fig. 4, in described ultrasonic output circuit, ultrasound wave generation signal connects the grid of field effect transistor M2 by resistance R19, the source ground of field effect transistor M2, the primary coil of the drain electrode connection transformer T1 of field effect transistor M2, the other end contact resistance R24 respectively of described transformer T1 primary coil, resistance R21 and electric capacity C11, the described resistance R24 other end connects 12V voltage signal, ground connection after the described resistance R21 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C11 other end, the secondary coil contact resistance R22 and sensor LS1 respectively of described transformer T1, the other end of described transformer T1 secondary coil connects diode D3 and diode D4 respectively, the diode D3 other end connects the diode D4 other end respectively, the sensor LS1 other end, the resistance R22 other end and ultrasonic echo signal.
Refer to Fig. 5, in described frequency selection circuit, ultrasonic echo signal is connected electric capacity C12, diode D5 and diode D6 respectively by resistance R43 and electric capacity C1 successively, ground connection after the described diode D5 other end and the parallel connection of the diode D6 other end, the described electric capacity C12 other end is by the base stage of resistance R28 difference contact resistance R29 and triode Q2, the emitter of described triode Q2 is by resistance R44 ground connection, the collector contact resistance R29 other end, the resistance R30 and electric capacity C13 respectively of triode Q2, the described electric capacity C13 other end is by signal after resistance R32 output frequency-selecting process.
Refer to Fig. 6, in the road of described second-order filter village, after frequency-selecting process, signal connects electric capacity C19 respectively, electric capacity C20 and resistance R33, described resistance R33 other end ground connection, 6 pin of electric capacity C19 other end difference contact resistance R41 and operational amplifier U1B, the 5 pin contact resistance R39 respectively of described operational amplifier U1B, electric capacity C25, 3 pin of resistance R36 and operational amplifier U1A, ground connection after the resistance R39 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C25 other end, the resistance R36 other end is all connected VCC voltage signal with 8 pin of operational amplifier U1A, 7 pin of described operational amplifier U1B connect the electric capacity C20 other end respectively, the resistance R41 other end and resistance R37, the described resistance R37 other end connects village respectively by resistance R34 and holds C21, electric capacity C22 and resistance R35, described resistance R35 other end ground connection, 2 pin of electric capacity C21 other end difference contact resistance R42 and operational amplifier U1A, 1 pin of described operational amplifier U1A connects the electric capacity C22 other end respectively, the resistance R42 other end and electric capacity C14, signal after electric capacity C14 other end output filtering.Wherein:
A second order bandpass filtering centre frequency F
0:
A second order bandpass filtering quality factor FQ
0:
A second order bandpass filtering centre frequency F
1:
A second order bandpass filtering quality factor FQ
1:
Refer to Fig. 7, filtered signal contact resistance R47 and electric capacity C29 respectively in described logarithmic amplifying circuit, the described resistance R47 other end connects electric capacity C27 respectively, 2 pin of electric capacity C28 and A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C29 other end connects 8 pin of A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C28 other end connects 3 pin of A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C27 other end connects 1 pin of A/D converter J7, 7 pin of A/D converter J7 connect VCC voltage signal by resistance R20, 6 pin of A/D converter J7 connect village and hold C16, 5 pin of A/D converter J7 connect electric capacity C18, village holds ground connection after the C16 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C18 other end, 4 pin of A/D converter J7 are successively by signal after electric capacity C26 and resistance R46 output logarithmic amplification.Wherein:
V is outputed signal after exporting logarithmic amplification
oUT:
V
oUT=V
ylog (V
iNv
x) formula 5
In formula: Vin is input signal, V
yfor ramp voltage, V
xfor blocking voltage.
Refer to Fig. 8, in described amplification and rectification circuit, after logarithmic amplification, signal connects 3 pin of electric capacity C24 and operational amplifier U4A respectively, the equal ground connection of 4 pin of the electric capacity C24 other end and operational amplifier U4A, 8 pin of operational amplifier U4A connect VCC voltage signal, 1 pin of the 2 pin difference concatenation operation amplifier U4A of operational amplifier U4A and resistance R40, 5 pin of described resistance R40 other end difference contact resistance R23 and operational amplifier U4B, resistance R23 other end ground connection, the 6 pin contact resistance R38 respectively of operational amplifier U4B, electric capacity C23 and resistance R45, described resistance R45 other end ground connection, 7 pin and the resistance R31 of concatenation operation amplifier U4B are distinguished in the resistance R38 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C23 other end afterwards, described resistance R31 connects and mends electric capacity C15 and export and amplifies signal after shaping.Wherein:
Output voltage V after operational amplifier U4A adjusts
oUT:
formula 7
In formula: F
0 is lowthe cutoff frequency of adjustment voltage low-pass filtering.
Refer to Fig. 9, in described mixting circuit, ultrasonic echo signal is by electric capacity C23 contact resistance R29 respectively, 1 pin of resistance R36 and chip N2, resistance R36 other end ground connection, the described resistance R29 other end is successively by 4 pin of slide rheostat R49 and resistance R30 difference contact resistance R41 and chip N2, described resistance R41 other end contact resistance R50 ground connection, the village resistance R50 other end connects 5 pin of chip N2, 14 pin of described chip N2 connect-12V voltage signal, 12 pin of described chip N2 connect inductance L 6 respectively, electric capacity C29 and resistance R40, described electric capacity C29 other end ground connection, inductance L 6 other end connects inductance L 5 respectively, electric capacity C30 and resistance R38, inductance L 5 other end connects 6 pin and the resistance R39 of described chip N2 respectively, described electric capacity C30 other end ground connection, the resistance R38 other end is contact resistance R37 respectively, electric capacity C27, 8 pin of resistance R35 and chip N2, ground connection after the described resistance R37 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C27 other end, the described resistance R35 other end connects 10 pin of electric capacity C26 and chip N2 respectively, the electric capacity C26 other end exports reference signal, the described resistance R39 other end be connected after the parallel connection of the resistance R40 other end and mend electric capacity C35 and export mixed signal.Wherein:
Input signal prime frequency filtering F
0:
With reference to prime frequency filtering F
ginseng:
formula 9
Mixing exports forward signal frequency F
just:
formula 10
Mixing exports forward signal frequency F
negative:
formula 11
Refer to Figure 10, mixed signal contact resistance R28 and electric capacity C15 respectively in described amplification Circuit tuning, the described resistance R28 other end connects 10 pin of electric capacity C20 and operational amplifier U1C respectively, the described electric capacity C20 other end is contact resistance R32 and resistance R33 respectively, 9 pin of resistance R32 other end concatenation operation amplifier U1C, the resistance R33 other end connects the electric capacity C15 other end respectively, 8 pin of electric capacity C25 and operational amplifier U1C, 12 pin of electric capacity C25 other end concatenation operation amplifier U1D, the 13 pin contact resistance R58 and resistance R53 respectively of operational amplifier U1D, the resistance R53 other end connects electric capacity C33 and electric capacity C34 respectively, the electric capacity C33 other end is the contact resistance C58 other end respectively, export after 14 pin of the electric capacity C34 other end and operational amplifier U1D and amplify the rear signal of adjustment.Wherein:
Signal output voltage Vout after operational amplifier U1D adjusts:
In formula: Vin is mixer output signal voltage, F
0for output signal low-pass filtering cutoff frequency.
Refer to Figure 11-12, described urban catering cooking fume probe measurement principle is as follows:
(1) the fluid-velocity survey principle of Doppler shift technology:
Refer to Fig. 3, the particle in fluid makes ultrasonic signal produce frequency shift (FS), the proportional relation of flow velocity of frequency shift (FS) and particle, by the flow velocity of survey frequency offset measurement fluid, utilizes temperature sensor 9 to compensate temperature impact.Can smoke discharge amount be calculated according to flue xsect, utilize pressure transducer 11 to measure pressure in flue, the smoke discharge amount under normality can be converted out;
The computing formula of soot particles flow velocity V is as follows:
V=K* (f2-f1) formula 14
Wherein, K is correction coefficient, the positive and negative flow direction reflecting soot particles of soot particles flow velocity V.
(2) ultrasonic measurement oil smoke concentration principle:
Refer to Fig. 4, when ultrasound wave transmits in oil smoke, an energy is fallen in smoke particle scattering, and this part energy is directly proportional with oil smoke concentration.By detecting the remaining energy of ultrasonic beam, then carry out converting and consider temperature compensation simultaneously, just obtain the concentration of oil smoke.
C=K* (I
0-I)/f (T-T
0) formula 15
Wherein, C is oil smoke concentration; 1
0for the sound intensity received under standard state; I is the sound intensity received under duty; T is the soot gas temperature under duty; T
0for air themperature under standard state; F (T-T
0) be empirical function about temperature variation.
Described ultrasonic transducer integrates 10 and receives and dispatches, a branch of ultrasound wave is launched by characteristic frequency, successively take out frequency shift signal and sound intensity signal through frequency selection circuit, second-order filter circuit and logarithmic amplifying circuit after reflection, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is utilized to ask the discrete spectrum of signal, and then obtain discrete power spectrum, then obtain Doppler beat freque signal comparatively accurately according to discrete statistics integration; Sound intensity signal is then by first differential, the mode of rear integration removes background value, obtain oil smoke concentration C accurately by temperature compensation simultaneously, the pressure fitted that the soot particles flow velocity V measured by Doppler transducer 10 and pressure transducer are measured calculates oil smoke flow in flue, be multiplied with the oil smoke concentration measured again, just obtain oil smoke discharge amount.
When the present invention installs again, first proper site perforate on flue, probe vertical is inserted flue, and the detection groove between ultrasonic transducer 10 with ultrasonic reflections baffle plate 7 with oil smoke flow to parallel, make the sound wave direction of Doppler transducer 10 with oil smoke flow in flue in 90 °, prevent to some extent foreign material to cover, the eddy current also simultaneously eliminating probe self generation affects the measurement of ultrasonic transducer 10, thus avoids the oil smoke change in flow because structure causes.
The present invention is easy for installation, simple structure, only use a ultrasonic transducer 10, both flow velocity was measured by detecting frequency shift signal, concentration is measured again by detecting sound intensity decay, average power consumption is not more than 10mW, long-distance transmissions for monitor signal has made condition, achieves the monitoring of oil smoke concentration, flow velocity in urban catering enterprise oil smoke discharge flue and converses oil smoke discharge amount.
Above the better embodiment of this patent is explained in detail, but this patent is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that one skilled in the relevant art possesses, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from this patent aim.
Claims (4)
1. a urban catering cooking fume probe, comprise wire (1), shaft collar (2), strong magnets (3), monitoring device (6), ultrasonic reflections baffle plate (7) and circuit board (8), it is characterized in that, strong magnets (3) is evenly arranged on shaft collar (2), described monitoring device (6) is arranged on shaft collar (2) by Al-alloy casing (4), described monitoring device (6) comprises ultrasonic transducer (10) and sensor, described sensor comprises temperature sensor (9) and pressure transducer (11), temperature sensor (9) and pressure transducer (11) are arranged on the both sides of ultrasonic transducer (10), described ultrasound wave is launched baffle plate (7) and is arranged on Al-alloy casing (4) top by launching barrier support (5), it is inner that described circuit board (8) is arranged on shaft collar (2), described wire (1) is arranged on the bottom of shaft collar (2) and wire (1) is connected with circuit board (8),
Circuit in described circuit board (8) comprises ultrasonic transceiver circuit, temperature sensor receiving circuit, pressure transducer receiving circuit, MCU digital signal processing circuit and the telecommunication circuit with main frame; Described temperature sensor is all connected MCU digital signal processing circuit with the signal of pressure transducer collection after enlarge leadingly, filter and amplification, described ultrasonic transceiver circuit comprises ultrasonic output circuit, ultrasound wave sound intensity signal acquisition circuit and ultrasound wave Doppler frequency-shift signal acquisition circuit, described ultrasound wave sound intensity signal acquisition circuit comprises frequency selection circuit, second-order filter circuit, logarithmic amplifying circuit and amplification and rectification circuit, and described ultrasound wave Doppler frequency-shift signal acquisition circuit comprises mixting circuit and amplifies Circuit tuning;
In described ultrasonic output circuit, ultrasound wave generation signal connects the grid of field effect transistor M2 by resistance R19, the source ground of field effect transistor M2, the primary coil of the drain electrode connection transformer T1 of field effect transistor M2, the other end contact resistance R24 respectively of described transformer T1 primary coil, resistance R21 and electric capacity C11, the described resistance R24 other end connects 12V voltage signal, ground connection after the described resistance R21 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C11 other end, the secondary coil contact resistance R22 and sensor LS1 respectively of described transformer T1, the other end of described transformer T1 secondary coil connects diode D3 and diode D4 respectively, the diode D3 other end connects the diode D4 other end respectively, the sensor LS1 other end, the resistance R22 other end and ultrasonic echo signal,
In described frequency selection circuit, ultrasonic echo signal is connected electric capacity C12, diode D5 and diode D6 respectively by resistance R43 and electric capacity C1 successively, ground connection after the described diode D5 other end and the parallel connection of the diode D6 other end, the described electric capacity C12 other end is by the base stage of resistance R28 difference contact resistance R29 and triode Q2, the emitter of described triode Q2 is by resistance R44 ground connection, the collector contact resistance R29 other end, the resistance R30 and electric capacity C13 respectively of triode Q2, the described electric capacity C13 other end is by signal after resistance R32 output frequency-selecting process;
In described second-order filter circuit, after frequency-selecting process, signal connects electric capacity C19 respectively, electric capacity C20 and resistance R33, described resistance R33 other end ground connection, 6 pin of electric capacity C19 other end difference contact resistance R41 and operational amplifier U1B, the 5 pin contact resistance R39 respectively of described operational amplifier U1B, electric capacity C25, 3 pin of resistance R36 and operational amplifier U1A, ground connection after the resistance R39 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C25 other end, the resistance R36 other end is all connected VCC voltage signal with 8 pin of operational amplifier U1A, 7 pin of described operational amplifier U1B connect the electric capacity C20 other end respectively, the resistance R41 other end and resistance R37, the described resistance R37 other end connects electric capacity C21 respectively by resistance R34, electric capacity C22 and resistance R35, described resistance R35 other end ground connection, 2 pin of electric capacity C21 other end difference contact resistance R42 and operational amplifier U1A, 1 pin of described operational amplifier U1A connects the electric capacity C22 other end respectively, the resistance R42 other end and electric capacity C14, signal after electric capacity C14 other end output filtering,
Filtered signal contact resistance R47 and electric capacity C29 respectively in described logarithmic amplifying circuit, the described resistance R47 other end connects electric capacity C27 respectively, 2 pin of electric capacity C28 and A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C29 other end connects 8 pin of A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C28 other end connects 3 pin of A/D converter J7, the described electric capacity C27 other end connects 1 pin of A/D converter J7, 7 pin of A/D converter J7 connect VCC voltage signal by resistance R20, 6 pin of A/D converter J7 connect electric capacity C16, 5 pin of A/D converter J7 connect electric capacity C18, ground connection after the electric capacity C16 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C18 other end, 4 pin of A/D converter J7 are successively by signal after electric capacity C26 and resistance R46 output logarithmic amplification,
In described amplification and rectification circuit, after logarithmic amplification, signal connects 3 pin of electric capacity C24 and operational amplifier U4A respectively, the equal ground connection of 4 pin of the electric capacity C24 other end and operational amplifier U4A, 8 pin of operational amplifier U4A connect VCC voltage signal, 1 pin of the 2 pin difference concatenation operation amplifier U4A of operational amplifier U4A and resistance R40, 5 pin of described resistance R40 other end difference contact resistance R23 and operational amplifier U4B, resistance R23 other end ground connection, the 6 pin contact resistance R38 respectively of operational amplifier U4B, electric capacity C23 and resistance R45, described resistance R45 other end ground connection, 7 pin and the resistance R31 of concatenation operation amplifier U4B are distinguished in the resistance R38 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C23 other end afterwards, described resistance R31 connects and mends electric capacity C15 and export and amplifies signal after shaping,
In described mixting circuit, ultrasonic echo signal is by electric capacity C23 contact resistance R29 respectively, 1 pin of resistance R36 and chip N2, resistance R36 other end ground connection, the described resistance R29 other end is successively by 4 pin of slide rheostat R49 and resistance R30 difference contact resistance R41 and chip N2, described resistance R41 other end contact resistance R50 ground connection, the resistance R50 other end connects 5 pin of chip N2, 14 pin of described chip N2 connect-12V voltage signal, 12 pin of described chip N2 connect inductance L 6 respectively, electric capacity C29 and resistance R40, described electric capacity C29 other end ground connection, inductance L 6 other end connects inductance L 5 respectively, electric capacity C30 and resistance R38, inductance L 5 other end connects 6 pin and the resistance R39 of described chip N2 respectively, described electric capacity C30 other end ground connection, the resistance R38 other end is contact resistance R37 respectively, electric capacity C27, 8 pin of resistance R35 and chip N2, ground connection after the described resistance R37 other end and the parallel connection of the electric capacity C27 other end, the described resistance R35 other end connects 10 pin of electric capacity C26 and chip N2 respectively, the electric capacity C26 other end exports reference signal, the described resistance R39 other end be connected after the parallel connection of the resistance R40 other end and mend electric capacity C35 and export mixed signal,
Mixed signal contact resistance R28 and electric capacity C15 respectively in described amplification Circuit tuning, the described resistance R28 other end connects 10 pin of electric capacity C20 and operational amplifier U1C respectively, the described electric capacity C20 other end is contact resistance R32 and resistance R33 respectively, 9 pin of resistance R32 other end concatenation operation amplifier U1C, the resistance R33 other end connects the electric capacity C15 other end respectively, 8 pin of electric capacity C25 and operational amplifier U1C, 12 pin of electric capacity C25 other end concatenation operation amplifier U1D, the 13 pin contact resistance R58 and resistance R53 respectively of operational amplifier U1D, the resistance R53 other end connects electric capacity C33 and electric capacity C34 respectively, the electric capacity C33 other end is the contact resistance C58 other end respectively, export after 14 pin of the electric capacity C34 other end and operational amplifier U1D and amplify the rear signal of adjustment.
2. urban catering cooking fume probe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described strong magnets (3) has three.
3. urban catering cooking fume probe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temperature sensor (9) is platinum resistance temperature sensor, and described pressure transducer (11) is ceramic pressure sensor.
4. urban catering cooking fume probe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of ultrasonic transducer (10) is piezoelectric ceramics, and the wafer diameter of ultrasonic transducer (10) is Φ 20mm.
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