CN104596807A - Sampling measuring device and sampling measuring method of radioactive aerosol - Google Patents
Sampling measuring device and sampling measuring method of radioactive aerosol Download PDFInfo
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- CN104596807A CN104596807A CN201510030726.4A CN201510030726A CN104596807A CN 104596807 A CN104596807 A CN 104596807A CN 201510030726 A CN201510030726 A CN 201510030726A CN 104596807 A CN104596807 A CN 104596807A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sampling measuring device of radioactive aerosol. The sampling measuring device comprises a sampling head and a sampling chamber which is connected with the sampling head in a sealing manner, wherein the sampling head is in a spherical shape, an air inlet is formed in the top wall of the sampling head, and a circular through hole is formed in the bottom wall of the sampling head; a conical probe guide cap is arranged in the sampling head, a conical top of the probe guide cap is arranged right below the air inlet, and a detector assembly is arranged below the probe guide cap; an air outlet pipe penetrating through the sampling chamber is arranged in the sampling chamber, the air outlet pipe is communicated with the circular through hole of the sampling head, a gap is formed between the air outlet pipe and the circular through hole, an automatic paper feeding device is arranged in the sampling chamber, and the automatic paper feeding device is provided with a piece of filter paper extending through the gap. The invention also provides a sampling measuring method. By adopting the sampling measuring device and the sampling measuring method, the loss of the radioactive aerosol in the sampling process is reduced, and the collection efficiency of the radioactive aerosol can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Radiation monitoring field of radioaerosol, be specifically related to a kind of sampling and measuring device and method thereof of radioaerosol.
Background technology
Run at nuclear facilities, nuclear fuel preparation and be separated, in the treatment and disposal process of spentnuclear fuel aftertreatment and radioactive waste, radioaerosol particulate may be produced.These gaseous materials can permeate into rapidly in air and pollute nuclear facilities surrounding environment, and then can affect the radiation safety of personnel and environment, therefore need to carry out sampled measurements to the content of this radioaerosol.
Existing radioaerosol sampling apparatus major part only has sample collection function, can not measure on sampling limit, limit.CN200520146803 discloses a kind of radioaerosol sampling and measuring device, and it utilizes particle diameter separation function to divest the daughter of radon thorium to the impact of measuring radioaerosol.But there is following shortcoming in it: sampling structure is complicated, and radioactive aerosol particle can not thoroughly be separated with the daughter of radon thorium, causes the loss of radioactive aerosol particle; In addition, the radioactive aerosol particle in this radioaerosol sampling and measuring device is easily attached on the inner sleeve inwall of this measurement mechanism, causes the loss of radioactive aerosol particle.Therefore radioactive aerosol particle number filter paper gathered can not represent the population in air truly, also just accurately cannot obtain the content of radioaerosol in environment.
Summary of the invention
Occur to lose and the inaccurate problem of measurement that causes in sampling process to solve the radioactive aerosol particle existed in above-mentioned prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of sampling and measuring device and method thereof of radioaerosol.
The sampling and measuring device of radioaerosol provided by the invention, the sampler chamber comprising sampling head and be tightly connected with sampling head, wherein, described sampling head is spherical, the roof of this sampling head is provided with air intake opening, diapire is provided with manhole; In this sampling head, be provided with the probe fair water cone of taper, the vertex of a cone of described probe fair water cone is arranged at immediately below described air intake opening, and the below of probe fair water cone is provided with detector assembly; There is in described sampler chamber the escape pipe running through this sampler chamber and arrange, this escape pipe is communicated with the manhole of sampling head also and between manhole has slit, be provided with automatic paper conveyer in sampler chamber, this automatic paper conveyer be configured with the filter paper extended through slit.In the apparatus of the present, by spherical sampling head, the radioaerosol particulate in air is collected, along with the reduction of this positive displacement arrangements internal diameter, reach minimum in the cross-sectional area of bottom, volume is inner can cause vacuum effect with outside, produces certain pressure reduction, air-flow accelerates, thus increasing suction velocity, gather more radioaerosol particulate, thus increase gas collection efficiency.
This sampling head is made up of the episphere housing connected by fixed pin and lower semisphere housing.
O RunddichtringO is provided with between episphere housing and lower semisphere housing.
The inwall of described sampling head is through polishing.
Described detector assembly comprises probe group, probe, probing shell and probe gland bonnet, and wherein, probe is arranged at the bottom of probe group, and probe gland bonnet is arranged at the top of probe group, the sidepiece of probing shell parcel probe group.
Described probe is the ion implantation silicon detector towards filter paper.
Described detector assembly also comprises the cable plug be arranged on probe gland bonnet, and described probe group is connected with industrial computer by this cable plug.
Described automatic paper conveyer has tray paper device, initiatively paper winding device and driven paper winding device, and wherein, filter paper is supported on described tray paper device, and the two ends of described filter paper are wound on active paper winding device and driven paper winding device respectively.
Described sampling and measuring device also includes the aspiration pump be connected with described escape pipe.By means of this aspiration pump, the gaseous effluent (load has the fluid of radioaerosol) in nuclear facilities pipeline and place is collected on filter paper on one's own initiative, by α, β ray of detector assembly detection radioaerosol radiation.Preferably, the detectable signal that detector assembly sends can carry out amplification shaping, thus exports the signal of certain amplitude, so that observe better.
The present invention also provides a kind of sampled measurements method of above-mentioned sampling and measuring device, and the method comprises: load has the fluid of radioaerosol to enter spherical sampling head by air intake opening; Described fluid is by the inwall of the sampling head of the probe fair water cone guided globe of taper and move downward; Described fluid is by manhole, and wherein, the radioaerosol in fluid is deposited on filter paper, and α, β particle of this radioaerosol transmitting be deposited on filter paper is detected device assembly and detects; And the fluid not containing radioaerosol enters escape pipe.In the method for the invention, load has the fluid of radioaerosol after the probe fair water cone shunting of taper, fluid flows to below along the inwall of spherical sampling head, this spherical inwall makes fluid deflect and makes fluid add the manhole of flow speed and direction sampling head, thus reduces the loss of radioactive aerosol particle in sampling process.
The present invention is sampled by automatic paper conveyer, is measured by detector assembly, thus the integration achieving sampling and measure.Meanwhile, make radioactive aerosol particle add flow speed and direction manhole by spherical sampling head, thus reduce the loss of radioaerosol in sampling process, improve the collecting efficiency of radioaerosol, guarantee the accuracy measured.Designed by the polishing of the inwall of spherical sampling head, the attachment of radioactive aerosol particle on the inwall of sampling head can be reduced further.Because automatic paper conveyer is arranged in sampler chamber, can change the filter paper of automatic paper conveyer as long as open this sampler chamber, convenient and swift.In addition, because detector assembly is arranged in sampling head, the β in spherical shell physical efficiency stop universe and gamma-rays are on the impact of measuring, without the need to carrying out extra lead shield, thus simple and compact for structure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the sampling and measuring device according to radioaerosol of the present invention; And
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the sampled measurements method according to radioaerosol of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, provide preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be described in detail.
Fig. 1 shows the sampling and measuring device according to radioaerosol of the present invention, and it comprises sampling head 1 and the sampler chamber 4 of connection sealed against one another.
Wherein, sampling head 1 is set to spherical, its roof is provided with air intake opening 1a, diapire is provided with manhole 1b.This sampling head 1 is made up of the episphere housing 5 connected by fixed pin 6 and lower semisphere housing 7.O RunddichtringO is provided with between episphere housing 5 and lower semisphere housing 7.The inwall of sampling head 1 is through polishing, thus minimizing radioaerosol is attached to the loss on the inwall of sampling head.In addition, because this sampling head 1 is spherical, load has the fluid of radioaerosol (such as the air of nuclear facilities workplace) when flowing along spherical inner wall, can acceleration be produced thus accelerate flowing, further minimizing radioaerosol is attached to the loss on inwall, so, all radioaerosols add flow speed and direction manhole 1b, and be deposited on the filter paper 20 that is supported on herein, radioactive aerosol particle number on filter paper 20 reflects the radioactive aerosol particle number in air truly, thus guarantees the accuracy of measurement.
Immediately below air intake opening 1a, the probe fair water cone 2 of taper is provided with in sampling head 1, load is directed to the inwall surrounding being evenly distributed in spherical sampling head 1, and flows downward along spherical inwall after having the fluid of radioaerosol to be shunted by the probe fair water cone 2 of taper.
In the below of probe fair water cone 2, in sampling head 1, be provided with detector assembly.Described detector assembly comprises probe group 3, probe 8, probing shell 9, probe gland bonnet 10 and cable plug 11, wherein, probe 8 is arranged at the bottom of probe group 3, probe gland bonnet 10 is arranged at the top of probe group 3, probing shell 9 wraps up the sidepiece of probe group 3, cable plug 11 is arranged on probe gland bonnet 10, and described probe group 3 is connected with industrial computer by this cable plug 11, and α, β of finally completing radioaerosol measure.In the present embodiment, this probe 8 is ion implantation silicon detector.
Sampler chamber 4 is arranged at below sampling head 1.One escape pipe 16 runs through this sampler chamber 4 and arranges, and this escape pipe 16 is communicated with manhole 11, has slit between this escape pipe 16 and manhole 11, and a filter paper 20 extends (horizontal-extending) through slit.Except this filter paper 20, the automatic paper conveyer be arranged in sampler chamber 4 also has tray paper device 12, initiatively paper winding device 13 and driven paper winding device 14, wherein, filter paper 20 is supported on described tray paper device 12, and the two ends of described filter paper 20 are wound on active paper winding device 13 and driven paper winding device 14 respectively.Initiatively paper winding device 13 is the devices filter paper 20 after using being wound around rolling, and driven paper winding device 14 is fixing new filter-paper-tapes, constantly to the device walking paper system supply filter paper 20.Automatic paper conveyer adopts driving stepper motor, can clockwise and be rotated counterclockwise.
The probe 8 of the detector assembly in sampling head 1 is positioned at directly over filter paper 20.Radioaerosol in fluid is deposited on filter paper 20, this radioaerosol launch α, β particle detect by probe 8.
The mass flowmeter 17 and aspiration pump 18 that are connected with described escape pipe 16 is also included, see Fig. 2 according to sampling and measuring device of the present invention.Utilize this mass flowmeter 17 can convection cell sampling volume carry out Measurement accuracy.Utilize this aspiration pump 18 to carry out bleeding and make load have the fluid of radioaerosol to be deposited on one's own initiative on filter paper 20, realize active type measure.In order to carry out Measurement accuracy to radioaerosol, load has the flow of the fluid of radioaerosol preferably at about 30-100L/min, the flow of the mass flowmeter 17 of supporting needs is 0-100L/min, and certain impact can be there is on gas flow in the existence of filter paper 20, in order to reach the flow of 100L/min, the no load discharge of aspiration pump 18 is preferably 150L/min.
In the present embodiment, sampler chamber 4 presents box structure, and it is closed by the base plate that connects with snap lock and gland bonnet 15, and this base plate and gland bonnet 15 centre are provided with O-ring seal.If need to change filter paper 20, only need gland bonnet 15 to carry out dismantling, filter paper 20 is changed convenient and swift.
In the present embodiment, the distance of filter paper 20 and probe 8 is preferably 4mm ~ 6mm, and detection efficiency is now maximum.The diameter of manhole 1b is preferably 60mm ~ 70mm, and the width of corresponding filter paper 20 is greater than the diameter of this manhole 1b.Experimentally optimize, the cone angle of probe fair water cone 2 is preferably 78 ° ~ 82 °, and the diameter of escape pipe 16 is preferably 26mm ~ 30mm.Gateway difference in flow is preferably < 5%, to guarantee the accuracy of measurement data.
In the present embodiment, air intake opening 1a, manhole 1b, escape pipe 16, probe fair water cone 2 and detector assembly are all positioned on same axis, and initiatively paper winding device 13 and driven paper winding device 14 lay respectively at escape pipe 16 both sides and be symmetric.
Fig. 2 shows the sampled measurements method according to radioaerosol of the present invention, and under the effect of aspiration pump 18, load has the fluid of radioaerosol to enter spherical sampling head 1 by air intake opening; Described fluid is by the inwall of the sampling head of the probe fair water cone guided globe of taper and move downward; Wherein, the radioaerosol in fluid is deposited on the filter paper 20 in sampler chamber 4, and α, β particle of this radioaerosol transmitting be deposited on filter paper 20 is detected device assembly and detects realization measurement; And the fluid not containing radioaerosol enters escape pipe and final derivation.Wherein, utilize the mass flowmeter 17 that is connected with escape pipe 16, Measurement accuracy can be carried out by the convection cell volume of sampling.
Above-described, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not used to limit scope of the present invention, the above embodiment of the present invention can also make a variety of changes.Namely every claims according to the present patent application and description are done simple, equivalence change and modify, and all fall into the claims of patent of the present invention.The not detailed description of the present invention be routine techniques content.
Claims (10)
1. a sampling and measuring device for radioaerosol, is characterized in that, the sampler chamber that this sampling and measuring device comprises sampling head and is tightly connected with sampling head, wherein, described sampling head is spherical, the roof of this sampling head is provided with air intake opening, diapire is provided with manhole; In this sampling head, be provided with the probe fair water cone of taper, the vertex of a cone of described probe fair water cone is arranged at immediately below described air intake opening, and the below of probe fair water cone is provided with detector assembly; There is in described sampler chamber the escape pipe running through this sampler chamber and arrange, this escape pipe is communicated with the manhole of sampling head also and between manhole has slit, be provided with automatic paper conveyer in sampler chamber, this automatic paper conveyer be configured with the filter paper extended through slit.
2. sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this sampling head is made up of the episphere housing connected by fixed pin and lower semisphere housing.
3. sampling and measuring device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is provided with O RunddichtringO between episphere housing and lower semisphere housing.
4. sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the inwall of described sampling head is through polishing.
5. sampling and measuring device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described detector assembly comprises probe group, probe, probing shell and probe gland bonnet, wherein, probe is arranged at the bottom of probe group, probe gland bonnet is arranged at the top of probe group, the sidepiece of probing shell parcel probe group.
6. sampling and measuring device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described probe is the ion implantation silicon detector towards filter paper.
7. sampling and measuring device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described detector assembly also comprises the cable plug be arranged on probe gland bonnet, and described probe group is connected with industrial computer by this cable plug.
8. sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described automatic paper conveyer has tray paper device, initiatively paper winding device and driven paper winding device, wherein, filter paper is supported on described tray paper device, and the two ends of described filter paper are wound on active paper winding device and driven paper winding device respectively.
9. sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sampling and measuring device also includes the aspiration pump be connected with described escape pipe.
10., according to a sampled measurements method for the sampling and measuring device of any one claim in claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Load has the fluid of radioaerosol to enter spherical sampling head by air intake opening;
Described fluid is by the inwall of the sampling head of the probe fair water cone guided globe of taper and move downward;
Described fluid is by manhole, and wherein, the radioaerosol in fluid is deposited on filter paper, and α, β particle of this radioaerosol transmitting be deposited on filter paper is detected device assembly and detects; And
Fluid not containing radioaerosol enters escape pipe.
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Cited By (12)
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CN104865398A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 北京华瑞核安科技股份有限公司 | Full-automatic monitoring instrument for radioactive aerosol |
CN104865591A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 北京华瑞核安科技股份有限公司 | Integrated type radiation environment automatic monitoring station |
CN105181398A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Passive aerosol continuous sampling device |
CN105466733A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Marching type high flow aerosol sampling device |
CN106896397A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of method of testing and system of radioaerosol monitoring technology device |
CN107402282A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-28 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of radioaerosol monitoring device easily moved |
CN108761515A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-06 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of aerosol on-line water flushing device |
CN112162309A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-01-01 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Cabinet type air-borne radioactive integrated monitoring device |
CN112162308A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-01-01 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Radioactive gas on-line monitoring device |
CN112857919A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-28 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Radioactive aerosol sampling and measuring device |
CN113588357A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Automatic paper feeding, sampling and measuring device for radioactive aerosol |
CN116370663A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-07-04 | 上海长征医院 | Disinfection system integrated with pathogen particle collection mechanism |
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Cited By (14)
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CN104865398A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 北京华瑞核安科技股份有限公司 | Full-automatic monitoring instrument for radioactive aerosol |
CN104865591A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 北京华瑞核安科技股份有限公司 | Integrated type radiation environment automatic monitoring station |
CN104865591B (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2017-10-17 | 北京华瑞核安科技股份有限公司 | Integrated type radiation environment auto monitoring and measurement station |
CN105181398A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Passive aerosol continuous sampling device |
CN105466733A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-06 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Marching type high flow aerosol sampling device |
CN106896397A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of method of testing and system of radioaerosol monitoring technology device |
CN107402282A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-28 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of radioaerosol monitoring device easily moved |
CN108761515A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-06 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of aerosol on-line water flushing device |
CN108761515B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2022-02-18 | 成都理工大学 | Aerosol on-line detector |
CN112162309A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-01-01 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Cabinet type air-borne radioactive integrated monitoring device |
CN112162308A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-01-01 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Radioactive gas on-line monitoring device |
CN112857919A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-28 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Radioactive aerosol sampling and measuring device |
CN113588357A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Automatic paper feeding, sampling and measuring device for radioactive aerosol |
CN116370663A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-07-04 | 上海长征医院 | Disinfection system integrated with pathogen particle collection mechanism |
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