CN104595139A - Cylindrical cuspend magnetic field thruster - Google Patents
Cylindrical cuspend magnetic field thruster Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104595139A CN104595139A CN201510036306.7A CN201510036306A CN104595139A CN 104595139 A CN104595139 A CN 104595139A CN 201510036306 A CN201510036306 A CN 201510036306A CN 104595139 A CN104595139 A CN 104595139A
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- Prior art keywords
- channel body
- cylindrical ceramic
- cylindrical
- thruster
- magnetic
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
Abstract
The invention relates to a cylindrical cuspend magnetic field thruster, and relates to a cuspend magnetic field thruster, which aims at solving the problem of overlong thruster ceramic passage caused by the smaller radial size of the existing ionizing area. An air guide device is arranged on a working medium spraying hole, a conducting bolt is arranged in the other working medium spraying hole in a penetrating way, two ceramic gaskets sleeve the conductive bolt and are fixed by a nut, an annular anode is fixedly arranged in the middle part of the inside wall of a cylindrical ceramic channel body, an air distributor is arranged in the cylindrical ceramic channel body, a second aluminum alloy end cover, a magnet, a plurality of second magnetic pieces, a first magnetic piece, a coil, a magnetic piece base, a first aluminum alloy bracket and a bracket plate sequentially sleeve the outside wall of the cylindrical ceramic channel body from right to left, the magnet bracket sleeves the magnet, the coil bracket sleeves the coil, the outer aluminum alloy sleeve sleeves the first magnetic piece, the second magnetic pieces and the magnet bracket, and the aluminum alloy bracket sleeves the outer wall of the cylindrical ceramic channel body. The cylindrical cuspend magnetic field thruster is applied to the field of aerospace.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cusped magnetic field thruster, be specifically related to a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field thruster.
Background technique
Cusped magnetic field plasma thruster is a kind of Novel electric advancing means based on hall thruster.Thruster discharge channel wall is generally made up of pottery, is surrounded by multiple permanent magnet iron, and two adjacent permanent magnet polarity are contrary.At the upstream arrangement anode of passage.Working medium gas sprays into discharge channel by supply air line.Outside thruster outlet, settle hollow cathode, can electron emission.Because the magnetic intensity of channel interior is comparatively large, the Lorentz force that electronics is subject to is very large, and radius of gyration is very little, so electronics is mainly for the helical movement along magnetic induction line, electronics only just has an opportunity when colliding to cross magnetic induction line.Most of region except magnetic tip, magnetic field major parallel wall, electronics is difficult to cross magnetic induction line and collision with wall; The magnetic field radial component at magnetic tip place and the Magnetic Mirror Effect of passage internal magnetic field define the inhibition to electronics.Electronics is after cathode emission out, and portions of electronics can be inner along magnetic induction line inlet passage.Electronics and the neutral gas sprayed into from the passage the other end collide generation ion, and ion outwards sprays under the effect of electric field, produces thrust.In the electronics of inlet passage inside, some can under the effect of Magnetic Mirror Effect along magnetic induction line in the reciprocal spiral motion of the intercropping at two tips; The electronics that another part energy is higher then can not be subject to effective constraint in magnetic field, can cross over the other end that magnetic induction line arrives passage along axial-movement and directly.For ensureing that thruster has higher efficiency, needing the utilization ratio promoting Working medium gas, namely promoting the percentage that the Working medium gas be ionized accounts for supply Working medium gas total amount.Therefore, need to ensure that there are enough volumes ionized region.Due to the near axis motion in the channel of most electronics, so the radial dimension of ionized region is very little, for making ionized region have enough volumes, needing the length increasing ionized region, therefore will design longer ceramic passage, make thruster take larger space.Due to the limited space of satellite platform, the thruster of larger volume brings difficulty can to the design of satellite.
Summary of the invention
The radial dimension that the object of the invention is to solve existing ionized region is very little, causes the problem that the length of thruster pottery passage is very long, and then provides a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field thruster.
Technological scheme of the present invention is: a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field thruster comprises supporting plate, ceramic base, orificed anode, cylindrical ceramic channel body, gas distributor, nut, conducting bolt, two ceramic gaskets, air guide device, aluminium alloy post, the first aluminium alloy post, magnetic conductive part base, coil, the first magnetic conductive part, outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel, coil brace, ceramic end cap, magnet holder, magnet, the second Aluminum Alloy Cover, ceramic end cap and multiple second magnetic conductive parts
The left end of cylindrical ceramic channel body is processed with two working medium jet holes, air guide device is arranged on one of them working medium jet hole, conducting bolt is located on another working medium jet hole, two ceramic gaskets be enclosed within be positioned at cylindrical ceramic channel body conducting bolt on after fixed by nut, the madial wall medium position of cylindrical ceramic channel body is fixed with orificed anode, gas distributor is arranged on the left end madial wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body, and gas distributor is between cylindrical ceramic channel body left end madial wall and orificed anode, the outer side wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body is set with the second Aluminum Alloy Cover from right to left successively, magnet, multiple second magnetic conductive part, first magnetic conductive part, coil, magnetic conductive part base, first aluminium alloy post and supporting plate, magnet holder is sleeved on magnet, coil brace is sleeved on coil, outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel is sleeved on the first magnetic conductive part, in multiple second magnetic conductive part and magnet holder, and outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel is between the first aluminium alloy post and the second Aluminum Alloy Cover, aluminium alloy post is sleeved on the outer wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body, and aluminium alloy post is positioned at the lower end of supporting plate and the first aluminium alloy post, ceramic base is provided with outside the left end of cylindrical ceramic channel body, the right-hand member of cylindrical ceramic channel body is provided with ceramic end cap.
The present invention compared with prior art has following effect: because the magnetic intensity of cusped magnetic field thruster near wall is higher, for a few kilogauss, and the most of region magnetic induction line except tip is parallel to wall, electronics is difficult to cross over magnetic induction line and arrives wall, cause ionized region radial dimension less, the utilization ratio of passage is low.In order to improve the utilization ratio of passage, anode design is placed on the side wall surface of cylindrical ceramic passage by the present invention circlewise, effectively can change the Potential Distributing of channel interior, thus makes electronics have the trend of moving to channel side wall.Electronics needs radially to cross over many magnetic induction lines in the process of channel side wall place anode movement, thus has more electron distributions in the region away from passage medial axis, thus increases the radial dimension of ionized region, channel utilization index is promoted.In addition the increase of ionized region radial dimension makes the axial dimension of thruster significantly reduce (being reduced to 65mm from existing 100 ~ 120mm), the quality of thruster also reduces 0.9-1.2kg, and namely the quality of the thruster of the application accounts for the 50-70% of existing thruster quality.Consider that the magnetic intensity of cusped magnetic field thruster near wall is excessive, be unfavorable for that electronics arrives anode, the ignition voltage of thruster is excessive, therefore coil 13 is adopted to replace permanent magnet to reduce the magnetic intensity near thruster vias inner walls face, be about 400-600 Gauss, such electronics is more easily crossed over the magnetic line of force and is arrived anode.Adopt coil 13 by changing the size of field current, the magnetic field configuration in thruster can be changed easily, without the need to dismounting thruster simultaneously.The design of multiple second magnetic conductive part 17 is also conducive to changing magnetic field bit-type when keeping ceramic passage 4 length constant in addition.The mechanical property of coil is also better than permanent magnet in addition.
Anode design is placed on the side wall surface of cylindrical ceramic passage by the present invention circlewise, effectively can change the Potential Distributing of channel interior, thus makes electronics have the trend of moving to channel side wall.Electronics needs radially to cross over many magnetic induction lines in the process of channel side wall place anode movement, thus has more electron distributions in the region away from passage medial axis, thus increases the radial dimension of ionized region, channel utilization index is promoted.Therefore, present invention employs less passage length.Finally arrive anode because needs electronics crosses many magnetic induction lines, so the magnetic intensity that should weaken near anode reduces the difficulty of lighting a fire, therefore need to replace permanent magnet with coil, thus improve the mechanical property of thruster.Coil and minification is adopted to also mitigate thruster quality.
Thruster of the present invention, by changing the design of anode position and shape, makes ceramic passage still can meet the requirement of working medium utilization ratio under less diameter and length, thus passage length is contracted to 65mm by existing 100 ~ 120mm; The diameter of the shell of thruster is contracted to 80mm by existing 100 ~ 110mm; The present invention can change the magnetic field bit-type of passage outside by the increase and decrease thick quantity of pure iron ring of 2mm and the electric current of regulating winding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main sectional view of overall structure of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the plan view of orificed anode; Fig. 3 is the sectional view of orificed anode.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: composition graphs 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrates present embodiment, a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field thruster of present embodiment comprises supporting plate 1, ceramic base 2, orificed anode 3, cylindrical ceramic channel body 4, gas distributor 5, nut 6, conducting bolt 7, two ceramic gaskets 8, air guide device 9, aluminium alloy post 10, first aluminium alloy post 11, magnetic conductive part base 12, coil 13, first magnetic conductive part 14, outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel 15, coil brace 16, pottery end cap 21, magnet holder 18, magnet 19, second Aluminum Alloy Cover 20, pottery end cap 21 and multiple second magnetic conductive part 17,
The left end of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 is processed with two working medium jet holes, air guide device 9 is arranged on one of them working medium jet hole, conducting bolt 7 is located on another working medium jet hole, two ceramic gaskets 8 be enclosed within be positioned at cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 conducting bolt 7 on after fixed by nut 6, setting like this, the position of gas distributor 5 can be changed by the quantity changing ceramic gasket, the madial wall medium position of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 is fixed with orificed anode 3, gas distributor 5 is arranged on the left end madial wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4, and gas distributor 5 is between cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 left end madial wall and orificed anode 3, the outer side wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 is set with the second Aluminum Alloy Cover 20 from right to left successively, magnet 19, multiple second magnetic conductive part 17, first magnetic conductive part 14, coil 13, magnetic conductive part base 12, first aluminium alloy post 11 and supporting plate 1, magnet holder 18 is sleeved on magnet 19, coil brace 16 is sleeved on coil 13, outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel 15 is sleeved on the first magnetic conductive part 14, in multiple second magnetic conductive part 17 and magnet holder 18, and outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel 15 is between the first aluminium alloy post 11 and the second Aluminum Alloy Cover 20, aluminium alloy post 10 is sleeved on the outer wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4, and aluminium alloy post 10 is positioned at the lower end of supporting plate 1 and the first aluminium alloy post 11, ceramic base 2 is provided with outside the left end of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4, the right-hand member of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 is provided with ceramic end cap 21.
Present embodiment is equipped with orificed anode 3 on the side wall surface of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 intermediate portion, cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 and orificed anode 3 can be connected and fixed by bolt, can wire be drawn by bolt and it is fixed on the outer wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 with sealing compound, the electromotive force of orificed anode 3 can be measured thus.
Between the aluminium alloy post 11 of present embodiment and the second Aluminum Alloy Cover 20, be all bolted between supporting plate 1 and ceramic base 2, thus whole thruster is fixed.
Embodiment two: composition graphs 1 illustrates present embodiment, the orificed anode 3 of the madial wall medium position of the cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 of present embodiment is positioned at the middle part of the coil 13 on cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 outer side wall.Setting like this, can change the Potential Distributing of ceramic channel body 4 inside, thus makes electronics have the trend of moving to channel side wall.Electronics needs radially to cross over many magnetic induction lines in the process of channel side wall place anode movement, thus has more electron distributions in the region away from passage medial axis, thus increases the radial dimension of ionized region, channel utilization index is promoted.Other composition is identical with embodiment one with annexation.
Embodiment three: composition graphs 1 illustrates present embodiment, the orificed anode 3 of present embodiment is bolted on the outer side wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body 4, and wire is connected with orificed anode 3 by the described bolt be fixed on cylindrical ceramic channel body 4 outer side wall.Setting like this, can change on the one hand the position of orificed anode 3 with comparalive ease, can make the wire of drawing can not the electron motion of interfering channel inside on the other hand.Other composition is identical with embodiment one or two with annexation.
Embodiment four: composition graphs 1 illustrates present embodiment, multiple second magnetic conductive parts 17 of present embodiment are annular second magnetic conductive part.Thickness is 2mm.Setting like this, can increase the magnetic field radial component of corresponding position in ceramic channel body 4.In addition the quantity by changing magnetic conductive part can axial distance between regulating winding 13 and magnet 19.Other composition and annexation and embodiment one, two or three identical.
Embodiment five: composition graphs 1 illustrates present embodiment, the first magnetic conductive part 14 of present embodiment comprises cylindrical magnetic conducting part and circular connector, and circular connector is fixed on one end of cylindrical magnetic conducting part and makes one.Thickness is 2mm, and axial length is 30mm.Setting like this, the magnetic field that can produce coil 13 produces magnetic screening action, weakens magnetic field dispersing to thruster outside.Other composition and annexation and embodiment one, two, three or four identical.
Embodiment six: composition graphs 1 illustrates present embodiment, the ceramic end cap 21 of present embodiment is tubaeform end cap.Setting like this, can protect the second Aluminum Alloy Cover 20 not contact with the electronics of cathode emission.Other composition and annexation and embodiment one, two, three, four or five identical.
Using process of the present invention is: thruster and external cathode are fixed in place, general negative electrode is positioned at the 15 ~ 20cm place above thruster medial axis, for thruster provides stable electronic current after negative electrode starts, the xenon of gas distributor 5 release of pottery channel body 4 starting point and electronics occur to ionize and produce plasma, from channel end ejection under the acceleration of the electric field in ceramic channel body 4, produce power by reaction force.Magnet 19 outside thruster passage and the multiturn coil 13 of energising produce magnetic field in ceramic channel body 4, and the probability of collision that the motion that the effect in magnetic field is to retrain electronics improves between electronics and Working medium gas increases ionization rate.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; but and be not used to limit of the present invention; those skilled in the art can also do other changes in spirit of the present invention; and be applied in the NM field of the present invention; certainly, these changes done according to the present invention's spirit all should be included in the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (6)
1. a cylinder type cusped magnetic field thruster, it is characterized in that: it comprises supporting plate (1), ceramic base (2), orificed anode (3), cylindrical ceramic channel body (4), gas distributor (5), nut (6), conducting bolt (7), two ceramic gaskets (8), air guide device (9), aluminium alloy post (10), first aluminium alloy post (11), magnetic conductive part base (12), coil (13), first magnetic conductive part (14), outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel (15), coil brace (16), pottery end cap (21), magnet holder (18), magnet (19), second Aluminum Alloy Cover (20), pottery end cap (21) and multiple second magnetic conductive part (17),
The left end of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) is processed with two working medium jet holes, air guide device (9) is arranged on one of them working medium jet hole, conducting bolt (7) is located on another working medium jet hole, two ceramic gaskets (8) are enclosed within the upper rear nut (6) that passes through of the conducting bolt (7) being positioned at cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) and fix, the madial wall medium position of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) is fixed with orificed anode (3), gas distributor (5) is arranged on the left end madial wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4), and gas distributor (5) is positioned between cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) left end madial wall and orificed anode (3), the outer side wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) is set with the second Aluminum Alloy Cover (20) from right to left successively, magnet (19), multiple second magnetic conductive part (17), first magnetic conductive part (14), coil (13), magnetic conductive part base (12), first aluminium alloy post (11) and supporting plate (1), magnet holder (18) is sleeved on magnet (19), coil brace (16) is sleeved on coil (13), outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel (15) is sleeved on the first magnetic conductive part (14), in multiple second magnetic conductive part (17) and magnet holder (18), and outer aluminium alloy sleeve barrel (15) is positioned between the first aluminium alloy post (11) and the second Aluminum Alloy Cover (20), aluminium alloy post (10) is sleeved on the outer wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4), and aluminium alloy post (10) is positioned at the lower end of supporting plate (1) and the first aluminium alloy post (11), ceramic base (2) is provided with outside the left end of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4), the right-hand member of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) is provided with ceramic end cap (21).
2. a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field according to claim 1 thruster, is characterized in that: the orificed anode (3) of the madial wall medium position of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) is positioned at the middle part of the coil (13) on cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) outer side wall.
3. a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field according to claim 1 thruster, it is characterized in that: orificed anode (3) is bolted on the outer side wall of cylindrical ceramic channel body (4), wire is connected with orificed anode (3) by the described bolt be fixed on cylindrical ceramic channel body (4) outer side wall.
4. a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field according to claim 3 thruster, is characterized in that: described multiple second magnetic conductive part (17) is annular second magnetic conductive part.
5. a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field according to claim 4 thruster, is characterized in that: the first magnetic conductive part (14) comprises cylindrical magnetic conducting part and circular connector, and circular connector is fixed on one end of cylindrical magnetic conducting part and makes one.
6. a kind of cylinder type cusped magnetic field thruster according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that: ceramic end cap (21) is tubaeform end cap.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510036306.7A CN104595139A (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Cylindrical cuspend magnetic field thruster |
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| CN201510036306.7A CN104595139A (en) | 2015-01-23 | 2015-01-23 | Cylindrical cuspend magnetic field thruster |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108990246A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of Plasma contact device of band annular ionisation chamber |
| CN109779865A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-21 | 南华大学 | Permanent magnetism hall thruster igniter |
| CN111120232A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cusped field plasma thruster capable of realizing fine adjustment and discharge control performance |
| CN111156140A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2020-05-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cusped field plasma thruster capable of improving thrust resolution and working medium utilization rate |
| CN112012897A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-01 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Hall thruster high temperature end axial clearance adjustment structure |
| CN115681060A (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-02-03 | 国科大杭州高等研究院 | Hall thruster, space equipment and using method of space equipment |
| WO2023038611A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | Частное Акционерное Общество "Фэд" | Stationary ion/plasma engine |
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| CN108990246B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2019-11-15 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of Plasma contact device of band annular ionisation chamber |
| CN111120232A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cusped field plasma thruster capable of realizing fine adjustment and discharge control performance |
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| CN111156140A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2020-05-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cusped field plasma thruster capable of improving thrust resolution and working medium utilization rate |
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| CN112012897A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-01 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Hall thruster high temperature end axial clearance adjustment structure |
| WO2023038611A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | Частное Акционерное Общество "Фэд" | Stationary ion/plasma engine |
| CN115681060A (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-02-03 | 国科大杭州高等研究院 | Hall thruster, space equipment and using method of space equipment |
| CN115681060B (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-03-31 | 国科大杭州高等研究院 | Hall thruster, space equipment and using method of space equipment |
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Application publication date: 20150506 |