CN104591306A - Novel formula method and apparatus for removal of riverway cyanobacteria in period of dormancy - Google Patents
Novel formula method and apparatus for removal of riverway cyanobacteria in period of dormancy Download PDFInfo
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- CN104591306A CN104591306A CN201310525106.9A CN201310525106A CN104591306A CN 104591306 A CN104591306 A CN 104591306A CN 201310525106 A CN201310525106 A CN 201310525106A CN 104591306 A CN104591306 A CN 104591306A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel formula method and apparatus for removal of riverway cyanobacteria in the period of dormancy. 1) Flocculation principle: when PAM is used for flocculation, it is relevant to surface properties of flocculated species, especially zeta potential, viscosity, turbidity and pH value of the suspended liquid; electrokinetic potential on the surfaces of particles is the reason for particle coacervation inhibition; and addition of PAM with opposite surface charge can reduce the zeta potential and realize coacervation; 2) adsorption bridging: PAM molecular chains are fixed on different particle surfaces, and polymer bridges are formed between the particles, so that the particles form aggregates and settle; and 3) surface adsorption: various adsorption of polar group particles on PAM molecules.
Description
The resting stage minimizing technology and equipment thereof of new formula river course blue-green algae
the present inventionthe resting stage minimizing technology and equipment thereof of new formula river course blue-green algae
belong to chemical industrial field.
Blue-green algae is prokaryotic organism, cries again blue-green algae cyanobacteria; There is colloid clothing outside the cell walls of most of blue-green algae, be therefore Myxophyceae again.In all algae bios, blue-green algae be the most simply, the most original one.Blue-green algae is unicellular organism, does not have nucleus, but cell central authorities are containing nuclear substance, and usually in particulate state or netted, chromatin and pigment are evenly distributed in tenuigenin.This nuclear substance does not have nuclear membrane and kernel, but has the function of core, therefore is called protokaryon (or nucleoid).In blue-green algae, also have a kind of cyclic DNA---plasmid, in genetically engineered, act as the effect of vehicle.The same with bacterium, blue-green algae belongs to " prokaryotic organism ".
Blue pigment, blue-green algae hence obtains one's name exactly.But blue-green algae is not blue, different blue-green algae entirely yet contains different pigments, what have contains chlorophyll, and what have contains myxoxanthophyll, and what have contains carotene, and what have contains blue-green algae algocyan, and what also have contains blue algae red pigment.Red sea is exactly due to the blue-green algae containing a large amount of phycoerythrobilin in water, makes seawater present redness.
Blue-green algae is unicellular prokaryotic, cries again cyanobacteria, bluish-green bacterium, blue-green algae or blue-green algae, or is called blue bacterium door.Although be attributed to algae traditionally, find in the recent period because there is no nuclear membrane etc., with bacterium closely, be therefore included into bacterium territory now.[1] blue-green algae is not green alga.Blue-green algae is the general designation of a class algae, its mark be unicellular, do not take not nuclear membrane as the nucleus (eucaryon) of boundary.Common blue-green algae has basketball algae (chroococcoid), nostoc, the algae that quivers, delivers vegetables.Blue-green algae is all unicellular organism, just easily sees when occurring with cell mass form, namely we " wawter bloom " usually seen.Chlamydomonas belongs to green alga, eukaryote, is different from blue-green algae.
In general, we differentiate unclear Cells of Blue-green Algae.But when they exist with cell mass form, as wawter bloom (due to the water pollution of fresh water water, eutrophication causes), just can see.
A kind of river course of the present invention blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment morphological specificity blue-green algae do not have organoids such as chloroplast(id), plastosome, golgi body, centrosome, endoplasmic reticulum and vacuole, unique organoid is rrna.Containing chlorophyll a, without chlorophyll b, containing several xenthophylls and carotene, also containing phycobilin (being the general name of phycoerythrobilin, algocyan and allophycocyanin).In general, all containing chlorophyll a and algocyan amount larger, cell is mostly in blue-greenish colour.Equally, also have a few species to contain more phycoerythrobilin, frond takes on a red color more, as being born in a kind of blue-green algae in Red sea, be named as Red sea Shu Maozao, the phycoerythrobilin amount contained due to it is many, and frond takes on a red color, and breeding is also fast, therefore seawater also being taken on a red color, just gains the name therefrom in Red sea.Though blue-green algae is without chloroplast(id), under Electronic Speculum, have a lot of photosynthetic lamella e in visible cell matter, be thylakoid, various photosynthetic pigments are all thereon attached, and photosynthesis carries out at this.The chemical constitution class [2] of the cell walls of blue-green algae and the cell walls of bacterium
Seemingly, peptidoglycan (compounds that sugar and polypeptide are formed) is mainly; The photosynthate of storage is mainly myxophycean starch and cyanophycin granule etc.Cell walls divides inside and outside two-layer, and internal layer is cellulosic, and a few peoples think pectin substance and hemicellulose.Skin be colloid clothing sheath based on pectin substance, or have a small amount of Mierocrystalline cellulose.Inwall can continue secreting outside colloid and be increased in glue sheath.Very hard close the mixing of glue sheath of some kind can have bedding, the very easy aquation of some kind glue sheath, the glue sheath of flanking cell can mutually molten and.Palm fibre, the non-Photosynthesis Pigment such as red, grey can be had in glue sheath.The frond of blue-green algae have slender cell space, colony with filament.It is the most simply slender cell space.Some slender cell space becomes colony because daughter cell after cell fission is embedded in the parent cell wall of gel, if repeatedly divide, the cell in colony can be a lot, and larger colony can be broken into several less colony.Some slender cell space, due to epiphytism, has had the polarity in differentiation of base portion and top, filament due to cell fission repeatedly divide by same splitting plane, daughter cell connects and formed.Cell on some filament is all the same, some filament has the differentiation of heterocyst; Some filaments have pseudo-branch or true braching, and the top cell of some filaments is sharp gradually narrowly becomes a mao body, and this also cries the differentiation of polarity.Filament also can be linked to be colony, wraps in public colloid clothing sheath, and this is the colony of many cells individuality composition.
the present inventionnew formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and device class section belong to blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria) comprise basketball algae Basketballalgae, quiver algae Osc
Blue-green algae (5) illatoriasp, nostoc Nostoc and the seaweed that delivers vegetables.
Cyanophyta is divided into two guiding principles: chroococcoid guiding principle and hormocystangium guiding principle.Chroococcoid guiding principle frond is slender cell space or colony; Hormocystangium guiding principle frond is filament, has hormocystangium.Blue-green algae approximately appears on earth before modern 35 ~ 3,300,000,000 years, known blue-green algae about 2000 kinds, existing about 900 kinds of recording of China.Be widely distributed, various places all over the world, but great majority (about
75%) fresh water production, minority marine products; Some blue-green algae can live in the hot spring of 60 ~ 85 DEG C; Some kind and bacterium, liver moss, fern and gymnosperm symbiosis; Some also can to penetrate in calcareous rock or shell in (as lime-boring algae) or deep subsoil (as edaphocyanophyceae).
The modes of reproduction of modes of reproduction blue-green algae has two classes, and one for nourishing and generating, and comprises cell division,direct (i.e. fragmentation), colony breaks and filament produces blue-green algae (cyanobacteria)
The several methods such as hormocystangium, another kind of can produce statospore or exospore etc., to carry out monogony for some blue-green algae.Spore atrichia.Not yet find that blue-green algae has real syngenesis at present.
Use value blue-green algae is photosynthetic oxygen evolution biology the earliest, becomes aerobic environment play huge effect to earth surface from the atmospheric environment of anaerobic.There are many blue-green algaes (as anabena) directly can fix nitrogen (reason: containing nitrogenase directly can carry out biological nitrogen fixation) in air, to propose the prolific impact of blue-green algae
High soil fertility, makes crop yield.The blue-green algae also had is the food of people, as famous is delivered vegetables and Nostoc Commune (Nostoc commune), spirulina etc.
Main harm is in the water body that some are nutritious, and some blue-green algae often in amount reproduction in summer, and forms one deck blue-greenish colour blue-green alga bloom at the water surface
And have the offscum of bad smell, be called " wawter bloom ", large-scale blue algae bloom, be called as " green tide " (corresponding with the red tide that ocean occurs).Green tide causes water quality deterioration, exhausts water oxygen gas and cause the death of fish time serious.More seriously, in blue-green algae, some kind (as Microcystis aeruginosa) also can produce Microcystin (microcystins is called for short MCs), containing a large amount of MCs in the green tide of about 50%.MCs, except directly producing except murder by poisoning to fish, people and animals, is also the major incentive of liver cancer.MCs is heat-resisting, is not easily decomposed by boiling water, but can be absorbed by activated carbon, so can purify contaminated water source with activated carbon water purifier.
The algae such as blue-green algae are the food of silver carp, flathead, can administer algae by throwing in them, prevent blue algae bloom (non-classical bio operon).
The form for the treatment of method one, blue-green algae and harm
Blue-green alga bloom
When occurring in a large number, neighbouring water body is generally in blue or green, the water surface cover by thick blue-greenish colour water bloom, piled up to bank by wind, not only can give out a foul smell taste, and float in water body containing the Cells of Blue-green Algae of toxin, when with some suspended substance complex-precipitation, or precipitated with its movement by after the predation of cultivation object, enrichment at the bottom of pond, fishpond, can bring huge negative impact to nuisanceless fishery products production.
Anabaena in blue-green algae can produce lethal gene fast, destroys the gill tissue of cultivation object, disturbs it metabolicly normally to carry out, and paralysis is neural, makes it dead.Plant individually not only live body band poison in blue-green algae, and dead individuals decomposition can produce biotoxin---cyanophycean toxin (as Microcystin).Cultivation object can be directly caused to be poisoned to death when cyanophycean toxin amount is many; Even if or quantity is few, also by food chain build-up effect harm cultivation object, until harmful to human.
Two, blue-green algae Producing reason
Growth by other algae kind restricts, and blue-green algae also can not break out on a large scale under normal temperature condition, and during water temperature 25-35 DEG C, the speed of growth of blue-green algae just can be faster than other algae, therefore temperature is one of principal element of Blue-green Algae Fast Growth.Eutrophication in aquaculture water, blue-green algae ratio is easier to growth, so blue-green algae is often more easily broken out in the pond infrequently changing water.Organophosphorus is the necessary factor of blue algae growth, administers blue-green algae the most basic the most direct way and removes organophosphorus exactly.
Three, the process of Blue-green Algae Fast Growth
First, full pool spilling head zeolite powder 10 kgs/acre, makes it blue-green algae of flocculating; The second, interval is the molten algae genus bacillus of full pool spilling head (side spore bud bacillus) after 3-4 hours, and consumption is 500 grams/acre.Note using in microbial preparation process and must prevent crab pond anoxic, when weather is sultry, do not answer Cells of Blue-green Algae mode chart
Use, when using, then should start oxygenating machine; 3rd, balance N∶P ratio, changes the ratio of nitrogen phosphorus by inorganic phosphorus of splashing, and accelerates to cultivate the beneficial algae such as green alga and diatom and is grown to serve as advantage algae kind fast to suppress blue algae growth, thus improve the situation of blue-green algae over propogation.
The origin cause of formation of cause of outbreak Blue-green Algae Fast Growth is eutrophication.Excessive nutrient mainly comes from these sources following:
1. loss of chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is the Main Nutrients source in a lot of eutrophication region, and such as, in Mississippi Valley, the nitrogen of 67% flows into water body, flows into the Gulfian thereupon, and the nitrogen more than 50% in the Baltic Sea and Taihu Lake is also from the loss of chemical fertilizer.
2. sanitary sewage, comprises the sanitary wastewater of the mankind and phosphorous sanitising agent.
3. livestock and poultry cultivation, the ight soil of livestock and poultry contains a large amount of nutrition refuse as nitrogen and phosphorus, and these elements can cause eutrophication.Basketball algae
4. industrial pollution, comprises fertilizer plant and discharge of wastewater.
5. burning mineral fuel, in the Baltic Sea about 30% nitrogen, the nitrogen source in korneforos, Mississippi about 13% is in this.
6. blue-green algae makes water hypoxia, makes animal dead, and decomposer's decomposition is and consumes oxygen, causes vicious cycle
Cells of Blue-green Algae blue-green algae is protista, cries again blue-green algae cyanobacteria; There is colloid clothing outside the cell walls of most of blue-green algae, be therefore Myxophyceae again.In all algae bios, blue-green algae be the most simply, the most original one.Blue-green algae is unicellular organism, does not have nucleus, but cell central authorities are containing nuclear substance, and usually in particulate state or netted, chromatin and pigment are evenly distributed in tenuigenin.This nuclear substance does not have nuclear membrane and kernel, but has the function of core, therefore is called protokaryon.In blue-green algae, also have a kind of cyclic plasmid, in genetically engineered, act as the effect of vehicle.The same with bacterium, blue-green algae belongs to prokaryotic organism.Together with its bacterium with tool protokaryon etc., Dan Liwei Prokaryota.All blue-green algaes all contain a kind of special blue pigment, and blue-green algae hence obtains one's name exactly.Blue-green algae does not have organoids such as chloroplast(id), plastosome, golgi body, centrosome, endoplasmic reticulum and vacuole, and unique organoid is rrna.Containing chlorophyll a, without chlorophyll b, containing several xenthophylls and carotene, also containing phycobilin (being the general name of phycoerythrobilin, algocyan and allophycocyanin)., also containing in general, all larger containing chlorophyll amount, mostly in blue-greenish colour.Equally, also have a few species to contain more phycoerythrobilin, frond takes on a red color more, as a kind of blue-green algae, is named as frond and takes on a red color, and breeding is also fast, therefore seawater is also taken on a red color, and just gains the name therefrom in Red sea.Though blue-green algae is without chloroplast(id), under Electronic Speculum, have a lot of photosynthetic lamella e in visible cell matter, be thylakoid, various photosynthetic pigments are all thereon attached, carry out at this.The chemical constitution of blue-green algae is similar, and the photosynthate being mainly storage is mainly myxophycean starch and cyanophycin granule etc.Cell in colony can be a lot, and larger colony can be broken into several less colony.Some slender cell space, due to epiphytism, has had the polarity in differentiation of base portion and top, filament due to cell fission repeatedly divide by same splitting plane, daughter cell connects and formed.Cell on some filament is all the same, the differentiation that some filament has; Some filaments have pseudo-branch or true braching, and the top cell of some filaments is sharp gradually narrowly becomes a mao body, and this also cries the differentiation of polarity.Filament also can be linked to be colony, wraps in public colloid clothing sheath, the colony of individual composition.But cell central authorities are containing nuclear substance, usually in particulate state or netted, chromatin and being evenly distributed in tenuigenin.This nuclear substance does not have nuclear membrane and kernel, but has function.
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) (United Nations Environment Programme, be called for short UNEP), be found in 1973, general headquarters are located at Nairobi, Kenya capital, be the whole world only two by one of United Nations Organisations being located at developing country of general headquarters.All United Nations members, functional body member and International Atomic Energy Agency member all can add environment administration, and by 2009, it was movable to have more than 100 country's participation.In international community and the national governments 21 century to the deepest concern further of global environment situation and world's Prospects of Sustainable Development, environment administration is subject to the attention of more and more height, and is playing irreplaceable keying action.
International environmental protection organizes association (IEPOA) to be found in 2007, obtains Under Secretary-General, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme A Ximu. the own handwriting congratulatory letter of Mr. Steiner and supporting energetically.
(All-China Environment Federation, english abbreviation is ACEF to the environmental protection united meeting of China.) be that Ministry of Civil Affairs registers through the State Council of the PRC's approval, State Environmental Protection Administration is responsible for, non-profit-making, nationwide social organization that form voluntarily by the personage of earnest environmental protection cause, enterprise, public institution.The aim of the environmental protection united meeting of China is around the Implement of sustainable development strategy, around the target realizing National Environmental and development, around public and social environment rights and interests, fully demonstrate the organizational advantage of Chinese environmental protection united meeting " Greater China, overall situation, greatly associating ", play the role as a bridge and a link between government and society, promote Cause of Environmental Protection in China development, promote the progress of universe's environment cause.
Product innovation environmental protection
Along with advancing by leaps and bounds of development of modern scientific technology, the scientific and technological content of product innovation also creates earth-shaking change.From daily living article to the every field such as industry, agricultural, chemical industry, electronics, communication, military project, space flight, building, all become to have in ground with rapid changepl. never-ending changes and improvements high speed.The production of enterprise's product innovation is no longer the production model of single-material.In order to reduce the exploitation to natural resources, accelerating the Application of composite of chemical industries, being called the energy-saving composite material of national product at this.The production of matrix material brings huge economic benefit and social benefit, also slow down the tempo of development to natural resources.
The range of application of composite shape matl and main species
Conservation-minded society's major embodiment, to the Appropriate application of natural resources, makes people no longer rely on and is on the verge of exhausted natural resources.Composite material brings Gospel to the mankind, its range of application be extensively uncertain.Field involved by it comprises:
(1) light industry, (2) heavy industry, (3) military project, (4) communication, (5) navigation, (6) space flight, (7) agricultural, (8) building and decoration, (9) advertisement, (10) communications and transportation, (11) automobile, (12) electronics, electrician, (13) chemical industry, (14) papermaking and civilian section book industry, (15) machinery industry, (16) daily life product
Main species included by composite shape matl has:
(1) metal and plastics, metal and tricot, rubber and metal, (2) paper product and plastics, chemical fibre and plastics, cotton and institute expect, plastics and flocking, (3) metal and pottery, pottery and plastics, (4) plastics of different chemical composition and plastics, plastics and rubber, (5) glass and metal, glass and plastics
The environmental issue that composite shape matl brings
Although composite shape matl is of many uses, the environmental issue that it brings is very important.First, the modes such as that composite shape matl is often taked in process of production is bonding, embedding, mechanicalness connection.This reclaims industry to environmental protection and brings extremely complicated sorting problem.The manufacturer of matrix material often just thinks of the production of self, ignores and sorts the recovery of waste product.Concerning industry is reclaimed in modern environmental protection, maximum the peeling off the differing materials of matrix material exactly of difficulty, technical requirements is too high, too complicated.According to market survey, to decomposition technique and the equipment also imperfection of matrix material, artificial separation matrix material difficulty is too large, and enterprise profit is lower, so, the recovery of matrix material is become to the biggest problem of society.Illustrate:
1. plastics and paper.This matrix material is easy to see in daily life, as the packaging, printed matter etc. of product.In order to moistureproof and anti-wear, the plastic sealing layer of the general or hot pressing thin layer bonding on the top layer of paper product of producer.In the removal process of waste product, be isolated technical difficulty very large, this composite prod rubbish is kept outside of the door by general recovery industry, and a shot in the locker is taked to burn or landfill disposal exactly.This is also maximum on the impact of physical environment.
2. metal and plastics.Metal and plastics composite products are also at one of product be most widely used, and are mainly used in construction industry and advertising sector.The plastic-steel door and window interlayer of construction industry embeds metallic substance in order that the anchorage force of reinforced plastics, but in removal process, the separating difficulty of bi-material is larger, and required is chronic.If reclaim waste and old steel and plastics by hot worked method, the Reclaiming benefit of enterprise will reduce.Metal and plastics or rubber composite product most widely used in fields such as automobile, office machinery, military project, space flight.
3. chemical fibre and plastics, cotton fibre and plastics.In daily life, rain gear, rain-proof shelter, insulation and safety and industrial gloves etc. are all that composite material is made.General method of design is, at surperficial hot pressing one deck plastics or the rubber of one deck fibre product, becomes rainproof, moistureproof, wear-resisting daily necessities.If single therefrom recycled plastic, its difficulty is well imagined.In rubbish, this kind of composite prod is maximum.
4., for those more complicated matrix materials, recovery is separated extremely difficult especially.General returned enterprise is all the individual enterprise of small comprehensive, equipment and technology shortcoming, if the profit reclaimed is little, will abandons or process with the method for burning, landfill.
About the suggestion that composite shape matl reclaims
For the recovery of composite shape matl, country should provide a part of fund, and the policy reclaiming industry as support resource is fostered.The refuse reclamation place of several places different scales should be set up in each city, is directly provided funds to set up by government, takes the management mode of publicly-owned share-holding system, and classification municipal wastes being carried out to science is reclaimed, and forbids waste incineration and buries process.
(1) every city, with the size of population 300,000 for basic point sets up a rubbish eliminate-incorporate-land, place, takes up an area at about 200 mu, implements the sorting line management of full modernization closed mode.
(2) for the recycling of different rubbish, the operation of industrial chains pattern of conglomerate, multi items can be formed, with the upgrading driving other additional resources to reclaim industry.As paper-making industry, metal production industry, plastics and the industry of other chemical materials, building material industry, rare metal recovery industry etc.
(3) implement garbage classification system, specialization, set up effective legal assurance system.
(4) city garbage specification is a great system engineering, needs government to take multidisciplinary, conglomerate, comprehension management pattern across science, carries out comprehensive refuse reclamation and dissolve.
(5) a main ring of city garbage specification is the powder treatment pulverized after sorting.Sticky stuff can be added to implement pressurization, the finished product manufacture of body, can be used as building and other basic material of construction and lagging materials.
(6) powder after municipal wastes pulverizing adds other trace elements through process again, and also can be used as fertilizer, its prospect is also boundless.
(7) garbage sorting process can implement the stringent regulations to resident family and enterprise, then concentrates and transports to destructor plant.
The rubbish Separation and Recovery key of matrix material is that the information trace that products production enterprise must implement to reclaim for this enterprise product is maked an inspection tour, and the technology separation thoroughly changing this enterprise product supports present situation.Enterprise often produces a kind of composite prod, first will consider how to form terms of settlement thoroughly for product separation.Mention in the production standard of product by this measure, some enterprise product production standards are also defective.For the manufacturer of matrix material, firmly to formulate production standard by the energy recovery standard of country.Meanwhile, the developing steps of modernized society also will be caught up with by country, must bring up in the standard of unification of the motherland, consider enterprise and environmental protection, enterprise and compounding technology, composite prod and enterprise technology support to the recovery understanding of composite prod.
Whether should set up so a kind of scheme: the product of which enterprise reclaims (mentioned here is composite shape matl) by which enterprise.Regulation is reclaimed in the refuse treatment that country formulates the whole people, and it is risen to legal perspective.The author thinks, only in this way the Environmental Protection Level of country just can catch up with the developing steps of society.
the present inventionthe resting stage minimizing technology and device properties thereof of new formula river course blue-green algae: this product is inorganic macromolecule compound, it is the product between AlCI3 and Al (OH) 3, built bridge by hydroxyl and be polymerized, do not wait hydroxyl with quantity in molecule, its chemical general formula is [AI2 (OH) NCI6-N] M.Color yellowly or faint yellow, Vandyke brown, Dark grey resinous solid.In solid phase prod, alumina content is more than 29%, basicity 65-85%.This product has stronger bridge formation absorption property, in hydrolytic process, with the physical and chemical processes such as electrochemistry, cohesion, absorption and precipitation occurring, the easy moisture absorption of polymerize aluminum chloride.2, this product is widely used in: domestic water and high purity water purification, industrial sewage, oily(waste)water isolation of purified, low-temperature and low turbidity purifying water process, papermaking, tannery wastewater treatment, heat power plant's ash-flushing wastewater recycling, printing and dyeing, wool spinning, waste water remove COD, BOD and decolorizing purification.3, using method: product (solid) and normal-temperature water press 1:2-2:5 (weight ratio) and mix and stir, after waiting medicine to dissolve completely, be diluted with water to desired concn.Raw water turbidity is when 100-500, and every kiloton water dosage is that 4-8KG. preferably carries out lab scale according to water quality characteristic with front, selects optimum value, then comes into operation.4, inner lining plastic bag, outer packs for plastics textile bag, every bag of net weight 25 kilograms.5, shady and cool dry place is stored in, sunshine and rain resistant.
the present inventionnew formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment be high molecular weight water soluble polymer, be insoluble to most of organic solvent, there is good flocculence, the frictional resistance between liquid can be reduced, divide by ion characteristic and can be divided into nonionic, negatively charged ion, positively charged ion and amphoteric Four types.The action principle brief introduction 1 of PAM) throwing out principle: when PAM is for flocculating, with be flocculated species surface properties, particularly electrokinetic potential, the pH value of viscosity, turbidity and suspension is relevant, the electrokinetic potential of particle surface, be that the reason that particle inhibits adds the contrary PAM of surface charge, electrokinetic potential can be made to reduce and condense.2) adsorption bridging: PAM molecular chain is fixed on different particle surfaces, forms the bridge of polymkeric substance between each particle, makes particle form aggregate and sedimentation.3) surface adsorption: the various absorption of the polar group particle on PAM molecule.4) enhancement: disperse phase, by effects such as all machinery, physics, chemistry, involves together, formed netted by PAM molecular chain and disperse phase, thus play enhancement.The resting stage minimizing technology and equipment range of application thereof of a kind of river course of the present invention blue-green algae: (applicability of PAM is very strong) 1, make retention aid in paper-making process, strengthening agent.2, coagulant aids, flocculation agent, sludge dehydrating agent is made in water treatment.3, precipitation agent is done in petroleum drilling and mining, oil-displacing agent.4, PAM is also widely used in the aspects such as thickening, stable colloid, drag reduction, bonding, film forming, biomedical material.
Claims (9)
1. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment in all algae bios, blue-green algae be the most simply, the most original one; Blue-green algae is unicellular organism, does not have nucleus, but cell central authorities are containing nuclear substance, and usually in particulate state or netted, chromatin and pigment are evenly distributed in tenuigenin; This nuclear substance does not have nuclear membrane and kernel, but has the function of core, therefore is called protokaryon (or nucleoid); In blue-green algae, also have a kind of cyclic DNA---plasmid, in genetically engineered, act as the effect of vehicle; The same with bacterium, blue-green algae belongs to " prokaryotic organism ".
2. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment have containing blue-green algae algocyan, also have containing blue algae red pigment; Red sea is exactly due to the blue-green algae containing a large amount of phycoerythrobilin in water, makes seawater present redness;
Blue-green algae is unicellular prokaryotic, cries again cyanobacteria, bluish-green bacterium, blue-green algae or blue-green algae, or is called blue bacterium door; Although be attributed to algae traditionally, find in the recent period because there is no nuclear membrane etc., with bacterium closely, be therefore included into bacterium territory now; [1] blue-green algae is not green alga; Blue-green algae is the general designation of a class algae, its mark be unicellular, do not take not nuclear membrane as the nucleus (eucaryon) of boundary; Common blue-green algae has basketball algae (chroococcoid), nostoc, the algae that quivers, delivers vegetables; Blue-green algae is all unicellular organism, just easily sees when occurring with cell mass form, namely we " wawter bloom " usually seen; Chlamydomonas belongs to green alga, eukaryote, is different from blue-green algae.
3. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment when they exist with cell mass form, as wawter bloom (due to the water pollution of fresh water water, eutrophication causes), just can see.
4. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment morphological specificity blue-green algae do not have organoids such as chloroplast(id), plastosome, golgi body, centrosome, endoplasmic reticulum and vacuole, unique organoid is rrna; Containing chlorophyll a, without chlorophyll b, containing several xenthophylls and carotene, also containing phycobilin (being the general name of phycoerythrobilin, algocyan and allophycocyanin); In general, all containing chlorophyll a and algocyan amount larger, cell is mostly in blue-greenish colour; Equally, also have a few species to contain more phycoerythrobilin, frond takes on a red color more, as being born in a kind of blue-green algae in Red sea, be named as Red sea Shu Maozao, the phycoerythrobilin amount contained due to it is many, and frond takes on a red color, and breeding is also fast, therefore seawater also being taken on a red color, just gains the name therefrom in Red sea; Though blue-green algae is without chloroplast(id), under Electronic Speculum, have a lot of photosynthetic lamella e in visible cell matter, be thylakoid, various photosynthetic pigments are all thereon attached, and photosynthesis carries out at this; The chemical constitution of the cell walls of blue-green algae and the cell walls of bacterium is similar, is mainly peptidoglycan (compounds that sugar and polypeptide are formed); The photosynthate of storage is mainly myxophycean starch and cyanophycin granule etc.; Cell walls divides inside and outside two-layer, and internal layer is cellulosic, and a few peoples think pectin substance and hemicellulose; Skin be colloid clothing sheath based on pectin substance, or have a small amount of Mierocrystalline cellulose.
5. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment inner wall can continue secreting outside colloid and be increased in glue sheath; Very hard close the mixing of glue sheath of some kind can have bedding, the very easy aquation of some kind glue sheath, the glue sheath of flanking cell can mutually molten and; Palm fibre, the non-Photosynthesis Pigment such as red, grey can be had in glue sheath; The frond of blue-green algae have slender cell space, colony with filament; It is the most simply slender cell space; Some slender cell space becomes colony because daughter cell after cell fission is embedded in the parent cell wall of gel, if repeatedly divide, the cell in colony can be a lot, and larger colony can be broken into several less colony; Some slender cell space, due to epiphytism, has had the polarity in differentiation of base portion and top, filament due to cell fission repeatedly divide by same splitting plane, daughter cell connects and formed; Cell on some filament is all the same, some filament has the differentiation of heterocyst; Some filaments have pseudo-branch or true braching, and the top cell of some filaments is sharp gradually narrowly becomes a mao body, and this also cries the differentiation of polarity; Filament also can be linked to be colony, wraps in public colloid clothing sheath, and this is the colony of many cells individuality composition;
A kind of river course of the present invention blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and device class section belong to blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria) comprise basketball algae Basketballalgae, quiver algae Osc.
6. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment be divided into two guiding principles: chroococcoid guiding principle and hormocystangium guiding principle; Chroococcoid guiding principle frond is slender cell space or colony; Hormocystangium guiding principle frond is filament, has hormocystangium; Blue-green algae approximately appears on earth before modern 35 ~ 3,300,000,000 years, known blue-green algae about 2000 kinds, existing about 900 kinds of recording of China; Be widely distributed, various places all over the world, but great majority (about
75%) fresh water production, minority marine products; Some blue-green algae can live in the hot spring of 60 ~ 85 DEG C; Some kind and bacterium, liver moss, fern and gymnosperm symbiosis; Some also can to penetrate in calcareous rock or shell in (as lime-boring algae) or deep subsoil (as edaphocyanophyceae).
7. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and the modes of reproduction of equipment modes of reproduction blue-green algae have two classes, one for nourishing and generating, and comprises cell division,direct (i.e. fragmentation), colony breaks and filament generation blue-green algae (cyanobacteria)
The several methods such as hormocystangium, another kind of can produce statospore or exospore etc., to carry out monogony for some blue-green algae; Spore atrichia; Not yet find that blue-green algae has real syngenesis at present;
A kind of river course of the present invention blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment use to be worth blue-green algae be that photosynthetic oxygen evolution is the earliest biological, from the atmospheric environment of anaerobic, aerobic environment is become to earth surface and plays huge effect; There are many blue-green algaes (as anabena) directly can fix nitrogen (reason: containing nitrogenase directly can carry out biological nitrogen fixation) in air, to put forward the high soil fertility of the prolific impact of blue-green algae, make crop yield; The blue-green algae also had is the food of people, as famous is delivered vegetables and Nostoc Commune (Nostoc commune), spirulina etc.;
Main harm is in the water body that some are nutritious, some blue-green algae often in amount reproduction in summer, and forms one deck blue-greenish colour blue-green alga bloom at the water surface and has the offscum of bad smell, is called " wawter bloom ", large-scale blue algae bloom, is called as " green tide " (corresponding with the red tide that ocean occurs); Green tide causes water quality deterioration, exhausts water oxygen gas and cause the death of fish time serious; More seriously, in blue-green algae, some kind (as Microcystis aeruginosa) also can produce Microcystin (microcystins is called for short MCs), containing a large amount of MCs in the green tide of about 50%; MCs, except directly producing except murder by poisoning to fish, people and animals, is also the major incentive of liver cancer; MCs is heat-resisting, is not easily decomposed by boiling water, but can be absorbed by activated carbon, so can purify contaminated water source with activated carbon water purifier.
8. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and the algae such as equipment blue-green algae be the food of silver carp, flathead, algae can be administered by throwing in them, preventing blue algae bloom (non-classical bio operon);
The resting stage minimizing technology and equipment thereof of new formula river course blue-green algae: this product is inorganic macromolecule compound, it is the product between AlCI3 and Al (OH) 3, built bridge by hydroxyl and be polymerized, do not wait hydroxyl with quantity in molecule, its chemical general formula is [AI2 (OH) NCI6-N] M; Color yellowly or faint yellow, Vandyke brown, Dark grey resinous solid; In solid phase prod, alumina content is more than 29%, basicity 65-85%; This product has stronger bridge formation absorption property, in hydrolytic process, with the physical and chemical processes such as electrochemistry, cohesion, absorption and precipitation occurring, the easy moisture absorption of polymerize aluminum chloride; 2, this product is widely used in: domestic water and high purity water purification, industrial sewage, oily(waste)water isolation of purified, low-temperature and low turbidity purifying water process, papermaking, tannery wastewater treatment, heat power plant's ash-flushing wastewater recycling, printing and dyeing, wool spinning, waste water remove COD, BOD and decolorizing purification; 3, using method: product (solid) and normal-temperature water press 1:2-2:5 (weight ratio) and mix and stir, after waiting medicine to dissolve completely, be diluted with water to desired concn; Raw water turbidity is when 100-500, and every kiloton water dosage is that 4-8KG. preferably carries out lab scale according to water quality characteristic with front, selects optimum value, then comes into operation; 4, inner lining plastic bag, outer packs for plastics textile bag, every bag of net weight 25 kilograms; 5, shady and cool dry place is stored in, sunshine and rain resistant;
A kind of river course of the present invention blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment be high molecular weight water soluble polymer, be insoluble to most of organic solvent, there is good flocculence, the frictional resistance between liquid can be reduced, divide by ion characteristic and can be divided into nonionic, negatively charged ion, positively charged ion and amphoteric Four types.
9. new formula river course blue-green algae resting stage minimizing technology and equipment 1) throwing out principle: when PAM is for flocculating, with be flocculated species surface properties, particularly electrokinetic potential, the pH value of viscosity, turbidity and suspension is relevant, the electrokinetic potential of particle surface, be that the reason that particle inhibits adds the contrary PAM of surface charge, electrokinetic potential can be made to reduce and condense; 2) adsorption bridging: PAM molecular chain is fixed on different particle surfaces, forms the bridge of polymkeric substance between each particle, makes particle form aggregate and sedimentation; 3) surface adsorption: the various absorption of the polar group particle on PAM molecule; 4) enhancement: disperse phase, by effects such as all machinery, physics, chemistry, involves together, formed netted by PAM molecular chain and disperse phase, thus play enhancement; The resting stage minimizing technology and equipment range of application thereof of a kind of river course of the present invention blue-green algae: (applicability of PAM is very strong) 1, make retention aid in paper-making process, strengthening agent; 2, coagulant aids, flocculation agent, sludge dehydrating agent is made in water treatment; 3, precipitation agent is done in petroleum drilling and mining, oil-displacing agent; 4, PAM is also widely used in the aspects such as thickening, stable colloid, drag reduction, bonding, film forming, biomedical material.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105130003A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-09 | 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 | Method for preventing mariculture pond from generating enteromorpha with black porgy |
| CN105884046A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-08-24 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇东枪塘水产养殖专业合作社 | Photosynthetic type microbial preparation for aquaculture |
| CN113293190A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-08-24 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Phycobilin binding peptides and uses thereof |
| CN115490340A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-12-20 | 华中科技大学 | Nitrogen, phosphorus and algae removal agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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2013
- 2013-10-31 CN CN201310525106.9A patent/CN104591306A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105130003A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-09 | 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 | Method for preventing mariculture pond from generating enteromorpha with black porgy |
| CN105884046A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-08-24 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇东枪塘水产养殖专业合作社 | Photosynthetic type microbial preparation for aquaculture |
| CN113293190A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-08-24 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Phycobilin binding peptides and uses thereof |
| CN115490340A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-12-20 | 华中科技大学 | Nitrogen, phosphorus and algae removal agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115490340B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-08-22 | 华中科技大学 | Denitrification dephosphorization algaecide, preparation method and application thereof |
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