CN104588329A - Seed automatic identification and sorting device based on near-infrared diffuse transmittance spectra - Google Patents
Seed automatic identification and sorting device based on near-infrared diffuse transmittance spectra Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A seed automatic identification and sorting device based on near-infrared diffuse transmittance spectra includes a feed hopper; a seed counter mounted below the feed hopper; a sample stage having the front end directly connected with an outlet of the seed counter; a light source located above the sample stage; a near-infrared spectrometer located below the sample stage; a near-infrared spectroscopic analysis system connection with the near-infrared spectrometer; a plurality of collecting containers located below the tail end of the sample stage; and a mechanical arm located above the plurality of collecting containers. The seed automatic identification and sorting device overcomes the detect that a quantitative analysis technology needs to know the certain chemical composition and content of seeds in advance, and solves the problem of a positional effect of diffuse reflection spectroscopic analysis of single-grain solid seeds, and has the advantages of automatic and rapid identification and sorting of the single-grain seeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural equipment technical field of automation, especially a kind ofly automatically can to differentiate single seed and the device of sorting.
Background technology
At links such as seed breeding, the production of hybrid seeds, processing, quality inspection, sale and uses, all need to differentiate seed.Such as, in Haploid Breeding of Maize technology, need to differentiate monoploid seed; In corn seed quality inspection, need to differentiate seed purity etc.Along with the progress of science and technology, the agricultural of China is rapidly to automation, through engineering approaches and modernization development, and the discrimination method of seed is also differentiated from artificial discriminating machine of progressively marching toward, and progressively develops into single seed differentiate from colony's seeds idenmtification.Compared with manually differentiating, machine discriminating has the features such as objective, quick, accurate, is following seed quality and quality constantly promotes, the important leverage of agricultural production continuously steady production and high yield.
The quality of seed is mainly divided into exterior quality (color and luster, size etc.), seeding quality (germination percentage, purity etc.) and hereditary quality (kind, consumption etc.) three aspects.Seed before planting, just can be differentiated by visual by some qualities (as color and luster, size etc.), and other qualities (as kind, germination percentage) then need instrument and equipment to carry out indoor inspection could to differentiate.In numerous indoor inspection technologies, near-infrared spectrum technique is harmless, fast, environmental protection, the various features such as simple to operate make it obtain more and more to pay close attention to and pay attention to, but also there are some problems in the application based on the seeds idenmtification technology of near infrared spectrum at present.
Such as, patent CN201110056472.5 discloses a kind of based on near-infrared crop single grain composition Non-Destructive Testing screening technique, the method utilizes Near-Infrared Spectra for Quantitative Analysis technology, single grain level realizes carry out high flux Non-Destructive Testing to the chemical substances such as starch, protein, fat and chemical pollutant.But, the method needed to utilize simple grain chemical composition quantitative measurement technology (primary analyses) to measure modeling sample to obtain the simple grain chemical composition data storehouse of known crop different materials, in this, as the reference benchmark founding mathematical models of quantitative analysis in the modelling phase; At detection-phase, by the spectrum of detected sample and discriminating model comparative analysis (secondary analysis), draw the composition of testing sample, then carry out discriminating sorting.Its weak point is the joint effect that analysis result is subject to firsts and seconds analysis precision, and can only detect its attribute that knows for sure seed corresponding with certain chemical composition content.
In addition, at present conventional near infrared spectrum is quantitative, qualitative analysis mainly based on diffuse reflection spectrum, the material information of collected specimens surface and shallow-layer, the subject sample of analysis requires to be homogeneous sample, and demand fulfillment certain mass or volume requirement.Size, the shape of single grain seed are different, and the constituent concentration height of seed inside is uneven, during with diffuse reflection spectrum analysis list seed seed, the putting position of seed has a strong impact on analysis result (position effect), cause conventional near-infrared spectral analysis technology not to be suitable for single grain seed, this is also the one of the main reasons that current single grain seed near-infrared spectrum analysis can not be practical.And near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum, particularly medium wave near-infrared are about about 10-50% to seed transmitance, can abundant load sample information in the typical light path (number mm) of middle wave analysis.Use the diffuse transmission of medium wave near-infrared to analyze heterogeneous sample can entirely add up by Realization analysis light path depth information, can obtain the information of sample interior, the effect that dips to a great extent is on the impact analyzed.
And for example: patent CN201210455091.9 discloses a kind of paddy rice single grain vigor Non-Destructive Testing screening technique based near infrared spectrum; the method by the collection of specimen material and spectroscopic assay, the germination percentage determination experiment of seed, the pretreatment of spectrum and model set up four steps, quick nondestructive ground detects distinguishes high vigor and low vitality rice paddy seed.But the method does not provide the concrete technical method realizing automatically detecting screening.
Therefore, how to utilize Qualitative Analysis of Near Infrared Spectroscopy to differentiate single grain seed, and design realize not needing the artificial single seed automation participated in differentiate sorting unit, is the problem needing solution at present badly.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of seed based on near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum and automatically differentiate sorting unit, overcome the shortcoming that quantitative analysis tech needs to know in advance some chemical composition of seed and content; And solve the problem that diffuse reflection spectrum analyzes the position effect of simple grain solid seed.Have and differentiate sorting single seed advantage automatically, fast.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of seed based on near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum and automatically differentiate sorting unit, comprising:
One feed hopper;
One several instrument, it is arranged on the below of feed hopper;
One sample stage, its front end exports with logical several instrument and is directly connected;
One light source, it is positioned at the top of sample stage;
One near infrared spectrometer, it is positioned at the below of sample stage;
One near-infrared spectrum analysis system, it is connected with near infrared spectrometer;
Multiple collection container, it is positioned at below sample stage end;
One mechanical arm, it is positioned at above multiple collection container.
As can be seen from above technical method, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. the present invention adopts Qualitative Analysis of Near Infrared Spectroscopy technology to carry out seeds idenmtification, does not need to know in advance certain or some chemical composition content of seed, expands the scope of seeds idenmtification, meet different application demands further.
2. the present invention adopts diffuse transmission spectrum instead of diffuse reflection spectrum, has greatly slackened the impact of single grain diffuse reflection spectrum position effect, has achieved the practical technology of near-infrared spectrum analysis of simple grain level.
3. structure of the present invention is clearly demarcated, and grading principle is simple, is convenient to implement; Assorting room, without the need to artificial participation, is easy to realize scale sorting; Installation cost is low, can towards more wide variety of user is universal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For further illustrating technology contents of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and case study on implementation to the detailed description of the invention as rear, wherein:
Fig. 1 is device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is corn seed simple grain near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrogram.
Detailed description of the invention
For corn monoploid seed separation, at present, the method that domestic and international each breeding units qualification monoploid is conventional is genetic marker method, and it mainly relies on seed coat color to mark, and adopts manual type to realize the discriminating sorting of monoploid seed.Visually observe because hand picking relies on, very easily cause the fatigue of vision and brain, while lowering efficiency, can erroneous judgement be increased, and subjectivity is strong, wastes time and energy.In addition, the color mark of a lot of material is very weak, and this will cause determination rates to reduce, and identification result is undesirable.Therefore, the present embodiment adopts patent device to carry out discriminating sorting to corn monoploid seed.
Above-mentioned monoploid sorting unit is divided into seed transfer system, near infrared spectra collection system, near-infrared spectrum analysis system and seed separation system four parts.Consult shown in Fig. 1, seed transfer system comprises feed hopper 11 and several instrument 12 and motor, vibrating sensor and photoelectric sensor.The corn seed of sorting treated by feed hopper 11 for depositing temporarily, install several instrument 12 below it.Seed transfer system transmits seed by the vibration of several instrument 12, utilizes vibrating sensor FEEDBACK CONTROL seed transfer rate, and ensure the even and stable of seed speed, finally single seed is pushed on sample stage 21.Sample stage 21 front end is directly connected with the outlet of several instrument 12, and its center is an aperture, and small aperture is 5.2mm, is less than seed size.Photoelectric sensor detects, and sample stage 21 has seed to arrive, near infrared spectra collection system ready for sending signal.
Near infrared spectra collection system comprises sample stage 21, light source 22 and near infrared spectrometer 23.Light source 22 is halogen tungsten lamp, rated voltage 12V, rated power 35W, operating voltage 8V.Light source 22 is positioned at the top of sample stage 21.Near infrared spectrometer 23 is positioned at the below of sample stage 21, is positioned on same line in the heart with light source 22.Near infrared spectrometer 23 selects the miniature near infrared spectrometer of the MicroNIR-1700 series of JDSU company of the U.S..After near infrared spectra collection system acceptance to ready signal, trigger near infrared spectrometer 23, measure the near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum of the seed be positioned on sample stage 21, and near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrogram spectroscopic data being sent to the corn seed that near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31, MicroNIR-1700 spectrometer collection arrives as shown in Figure 1.
Near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31 is connected by electric wire with near infrared spectrometer 23, and it can be computer, notebook computer or embedded system.Near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31 is qualitative analytic systems, can load one or more discriminating model, and differentiating that the study of model can be on-line study, also can be the model that off-line learning obtains.The discrimination process of near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31 comprises Pretreated spectra, feature extraction, Model Matching and identification result and exports 4 steps.Authentication schemes is as follows: gather single seeded near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum, through pretreatment and feature extraction, obtains the characteristic value that can characterize the inherent build-in attribute of seed, then application model recognition technology, learns, obtain attribute model to training set.When differentiating seed to be detected, the characteristic value of attribute model to this seed judges, obtains model and exports, determine the attribute of detected seed.A kind of modeling pattern is as follows: first by manually or alternate manner pick out 100 monoploid seeds of high accuracy and 100 heterozygote seeds as modeling collection, gather the near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum of modeling collection seed, after Pretreated spectra, feature is extracted based on DPLS and OLDA method, and train SVM classifier, obtain monoploid and differentiate model.In assorting room, after near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31 receives spectroscopic data, identification result is provided: monoploid H by model calculation, polyploid D, and result is outputted to seed separation system, opened by the electromagnetic valve 42 of corresponding collection container 41 according to identification result, remaining electromagnetic valve 42 is closed, and starter motor mechanical arm 43 is along collection container 41 direction horizontal movement simultaneously.
Seed separation system comprises plectrum, multiple collection container 41 and mechanical arm 43.Each collection container 41 comprises an electromagnetic valve 42 respectively, and this electromagnetic valve 42 controls by near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31, judges to open or close.Mechanical arm 43 moves by near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31 level of control direction, successively above each collection container 41.After seed separation system acceptance to identification result signal, control plectrum seed is transferred to from sample stage 21, fall into the upper stage of multiple collection container 41, promoted by mechanical arm 43 afterwards, move along collection container 41 upper horizontal, fall in corresponding collection container 41 when arriving the electromagnetic valve 42 opened, mechanical arm 43 moves on, and returns starting point after reaching home.
Monoploid corn seed differentiates that the workflow of sorting unit is as follows automatically:
1, startup self-detection and discriminating model is set.Self-inspection detects each several part, as near infrared spectrometer 23 whether connect, whether working properly, whether light source 22 normal, and whether feed hopper 11 expects foot etc.; And set monoploid corn seed model.System normally just enters ready state, and system exception then provides abnormal alarm.
2, automatic sorting.Under ready state, start automatic sorting function, system enters sorting state, and general control system opens light source 22.Automatic sorting process can be divided into the following steps:
Step 1: general control system issues seed transfer system working signal;
Step 2: seed transmission.Seed transfer system obtains working signal, is sent to by single seed on sample stage 21, and several instrument 12 speed adjust to 0.005 second/.Seed transfer system gives near infrared spectra collection system ready for sending signal to after seed counting, and seed transfer system is idle, waits for that next working signal arrives;
Step 3: information gathering.Near infrared spectra collection system acceptance, to ready signal, triggers near infrared spectrometer 23 and gathers diffuse transmission spectrum, Spectral acquisition times 0.25 second, gathers after terminating and data are sent to near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31;
Step 4: spectral unmixing.Near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31 receives spectroscopic data, carries out pretreatment, feature extraction to data, mates, obtain matching result after obtaining characteristic value with spectral model, if result monoploid, then opens the electromagnetic valve 42 of monoploid collection container 41; If heterozygote, then open the electromagnetic valve 42 of heterozygote collection container 41, whole computational process < 0.01 second.Consequential signal is sent to seed separation system by near-infrared spectrum analysis system 31, and starter motor mechanical arm 43 is moved.
Step 5: seed sorting.Seed separation system acceptance is to consequential signal, trigger plectrum action simultaneously, seed in single seed pilot trench is dialled in collection container 41 upper stage, promoted by mechanical arm 43 afterwards, move along collection container 41 upper horizontal, fall in corresponding collection container 41 when arriving the electromagnetic valve 42 opened, mechanical arm 43 moves on, starting point is returned, whole assorting room < 0.25 second after reaching home.Mechanical arm 43 repeats step 1 after getting back to starting point.
3, system stops.General control system can't detect on sample stage 21 in continuous 1 minute seed, then stop sending working signal to seed transfer system, and system returns ready state; Or directly enter ready state by stop button.
Comprehensive above step, monoploid corn seed differentiates the speed < 0.5 second/of sorting unit automatically, the Zheng Dan 958 kind corn monoploid produce hybridized induction after importing Navajo genetic marker and polyploid seed are differentiated, average correct recognition rata reaches 93.2%.
Comprehensive above step, this embodiment proves, seed provided by the invention differentiates that sorting unit differentiates that sorting corn monoploid seed is effective fast automatically, and whole process is without the need to people for putting seed or adjustment seed attitude, and the method really achieves the object of automatic sorting corn monoploid seed.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the seed based on near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum differentiates a sorting unit automatically, comprising:
One feed hopper;
One several instrument, it is arranged on the below of feed hopper;
One sample stage, its front end exports with logical several instrument and is directly connected;
One light source, it is positioned at the top of sample stage;
One near infrared spectrometer, it is positioned at the below of sample stage;
One near-infrared spectrum analysis system, it is connected with near infrared spectrometer;
Multiple collection container, it is positioned at below sample stage end;
One mechanical arm, it is positioned at above multiple collection container.
2. the seed based on near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum according to claim 1 differentiates sorting unit automatically, and wherein said light source is halogen tungsten lamp.
3. the seed based on near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum according to claim 1 differentiates sorting unit automatically, and wherein said near infrared spectrometer and light source are positioned on same center line.
4. the seed based on near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum according to claim 1 differentiates sorting unit automatically, and each collection container of wherein said receipts comprises an electromagnetic valve respectively, and this electromagnetic valve, by near-infrared spectrum analysis Systematical control, judges to open or close.
5. the seed based on near-infrared diffuse transmission spectrum according to claim 1 differentiates sorting unit automatically, and wherein said mechanical arm, by near-infrared spectrum analysis Systematical control horizontal motion, collects above container through each successively.
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| CN104990890A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-21 | 中国农业大学 | Nondestructive testing and automated sorting system for solid single-grains and solid single-grain sorting method |
| CN107350176A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-17 | 商洛学院 | A kind of corn seed quality detection device |
| CN110024523A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-19 | 中国农业大学 | For seed vitality detection device by grain separation and spectra collection positioning device |
| CN110291869A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-01 | 中国农业大学 | Seed vitality non-destructive testing hierarchy system |
| CN111665221A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Device for detecting seed vitality based on transmission spectrum and using method thereof |
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| CN111665221A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Device for detecting seed vitality based on transmission spectrum and using method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150506 |