CN104586472B - 一种经胆道镜放置的胆管内结石封堵器 - Google Patents
一种经胆道镜放置的胆管内结石封堵器 Download PDFInfo
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- A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
- A61B2017/1205—Introduction devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
- A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种经胆道镜放置的胆管内结石封堵器,它为中空的多棱锥形体,顶部有一个拉环,侧面覆有生物膜,底部为敞口;多根弹性金属丝组成多棱锥的棱,且各根弹性金属丝底端位于锥底面上并可在外力作用下向锥底中心方向收拢。本发明作为一种胆石封堵器,解决了以往胆道镜取石碎石过程中经常出现的结石播散的问题,减少取石时间及降低结石复发几率。本发明结构简单,用材方便,具有一定的柔韧性、弹性及生物相容性,在操作过程中对患者无明显创伤,且操作方便、可靠、价格低廉。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械,特别涉及一种经胆道镜放置的胆管内结石封堵器,该封堵器在手术时放入胆管,术后移出体外。
背景技术
肝内外胆管结石在我国属于多发病和常见病,肝内胆管结石是指左右肝管汇合部以上各分枝胆管内的结石,可以单独存在,也可以与肝外胆管结石并存。目前的主要治疗方法仍为手术取石或肝叶部分切除等,但对于肝内外胆管多发结石且合并胆道变形、塌陷、狭窄的患者更多的需要依靠胆道镜取石碎石术方能最大程度上取净残余结石。
在胆道镜取石碎石过程中最易出现且让操作者头疼的就是碎石后大量的大小不等的结石随冲洗液或胆汁流动播散至原本不存在有结石的胆支,细小结石还会播散至2-3级以上胆支,给取石带来极大的麻烦且会增加取石时间、结石残留和复发的几率,目前临床上还尚未有任何办法或仪器装置能有效预防这种情况的发生。
发明内容
基于现有技术的不足,针对取石碎石中出现的残石播散情况,本发明要解决的问题是提供一种可放置于没有结石的分支胆管出入口的结石封堵器,能阻挡取石碎石过程中残石的随处播散,缩短取石时间、降低结石残留和复发几率。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:一种经胆道镜放置的胆管内结石封堵器,它为中空的多棱锥形体,顶部有一个拉环,侧面覆有生物膜,底部为敞口;多根弹性金属丝组成多棱锥的棱,且各根弹性金属丝底端位于锥底面上并可在外力作用下向锥底中心方向收拢。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进:
所述多根弹性金属丝包括一根主金属丝和至少一根辅金属丝;主金属丝在中点处弯折一圈形成所述拉环,辅金属丝的中点穿过拉环,形成一个以拉环为顶点的锥形骨架结构;所述生物膜为圆形生物膜,其圆心处开有空孔;拉环穿过空孔,使圆形生物膜覆盖在所述骨架结构上,且主金属丝和辅金属丝的端部伸出圆形生物膜一部分形成金属钩脚。
封堵器在正常情况下因为金属丝的弹性会张开成圆锥样、伞状结构,在操作时会被收缩放置于特制的导管内经过胆道镜活检通道后然后将封堵器推出依靠本身的弹性扩张打开成伞样放置于相应的胆管,封堵器依靠露出于被覆生物膜外的金属钩脚固定于胆管壁上,最终达到阻挡取石碎石过程中残石的随处播散的目的,取石结束后依靠特制的内置于导管内的带勾导丝勾住拉环然后收缩进导管内通过胆道镜活检通道将封堵器取出。
本发明作为一种胆石封堵器,解决了以往胆道镜取石碎石过程中经常出现的结石播散的问题,减少取石时间及降低结石复发几率。本发明结构简单,用材方便,具有一定的柔韧性、弹性及生物相容性,在操作过程中对患者无明显创伤,且操作方便、可靠、价格低廉。
下面结合附图详细说明本发明,其作为本说明书的一部分,通过实施例来说明本发明的原理,本发明的其他方面、特征及其优点通过该详细说明将会变得一目了然。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1为本发明总体结构示意图;
图2为主金属丝的结构示意图;
图3为本发明骨架构成的示意图;
图4为生物膜的结构示意图;
图5为本发明使用时的示意图。
图1-5中附图标记的对应关系为:
1-主金属丝;2-辅金属丝;3-圆形生物膜;4-空孔;5-胆管;6-金属钩脚;7-拉环;8-带钩导丝;9-放置导管。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。为叙述方便,下文中如出现“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”字样,仅表示与附图本身的上、下、左、右方向一致,并不对结构起限定作用。
如图1-5所示,本实施例的经胆道镜放置的胆管内结石封堵器,包括一根主金属丝1 、一根辅金属丝2和圆形生物膜3;主金属丝1在中点处弯折一圈形成拉环7;数根辅金属丝2的中点穿过拉环7;主金属丝1和辅金属丝2均为长度相同的弹性金属丝,且两段均向下弯曲,共同构成骨架结构;圆形生物膜3的圆心处开有空孔4;拉环7穿过空孔4,使圆形生物膜3覆盖在骨架结构上,且主金属丝1和辅金属丝2的端部伸出圆形生物膜3一部分形成金属钩脚6。
使用时,患者平卧位于操作台上,消毒铺巾,准备胆道镜取石碎石所需器械。
胆道镜经T管窦道观察肝内外胆管情况,确定结石所在胆支及干净胆支,明确需要放置封堵器的胆支位置、所需封堵器数量及规格大小。
将封堵器收缩放置于特制的导管内经过胆道镜活检通道,然后将封堵器推出依靠本身的弹性扩张打开成伞样放置于相应的胆管5,封堵器依靠金属钩脚6固定于胆管壁上,最终达到阻挡取石碎石过程中残石随处播散的目的,取石结束后依靠特制的内置于导管内的带勾导丝勾住拉环7然后收缩进导管内通过胆道镜活检通道将封堵器取出。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种经胆道镜放置的胆管内结石封堵器,其特征在于:它为中空的多棱锥形体,顶部有一个拉环(7),侧面覆有生物膜,底部为敞口;多根弹性金属丝组成多棱锥的棱,且各根弹性金属丝底端位于锥底面上并可在外力作用下向锥底中心方向收拢;
所述多根弹性金属丝包括一根主金属丝(1)和至少一根辅金属丝(2);主金属丝(1)在中点处弯折一圈形成所述拉环(7),辅金属丝(2)的中点穿过拉环(7),形成一个以拉环(7)为顶点的锥形骨架结构;所述生物膜为圆形生物膜(3),其圆心处开有空孔(4);拉环(7)穿过空孔(4),使圆形生物膜(3)覆盖在所述骨架结构上,且主金属丝(1)和辅金属丝(2)的端部伸出圆形生物膜(3)一部分形成金属钩脚(6)。
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US20090143760A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | Jacques Van Dam | Methods, Devices, Kits and Systems for Defunctionalizing the Gallbladder |
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