CN104585500A - 角黄素和/或25-oh d3用于家禽中改进的孵化率的用途 - Google Patents

角黄素和/或25-oh d3用于家禽中改进的孵化率的用途 Download PDF

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CN104585500A
CN104585500A CN201410791078.XA CN201410791078A CN104585500A CN 104585500 A CN104585500 A CN 104585500A CN 201410791078 A CN201410791078 A CN 201410791078A CN 104585500 A CN104585500 A CN 104585500A
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约瑟-玛丽亚·赫曼德茨
吉尔伯特·韦伯
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Abstract

本发明涉及角黄素和/或25-OH D3用于家禽中改进的孵化率的用途。本发明涉及角黄素和/或25-羟基维生素D3(25-OH D3)用于在家禽中改进育种者孵化率和生育率以及用于降低胚胎死亡率的用途。更特别地,本发明涉及角黄素和/或25-羟基角黄素在制造用于改进家禽孵化率的食物或兽医组合物中的用途。

Description

角黄素和/或25-OH D3用于家禽中改进的孵化率的用途
本申请是申请号为200980146236.3的中国专利申请的分案申请,原申请是国际申请PCT/EP2009/064963的中国国家阶段申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及角黄素和/或至少一种维生素D代谢产物,优选地25-羟基维生素D3(25-OH D3)用于改进育种者孵化率的用途。更特别地,本发明涉及角黄素和/或25-羟基维生素D3在制造用于改进家禽孵化率的饲料或兽医组合物中的用途。
背景技术
为了在育种阶段期间使得蛋的生育率和胚胎的孵化率最大化,育种者的最佳营养状态对于将营养素有效传递至胚胎而言是必需的。
根据本发明已经发现,可以通过对动物施用有效量的角黄素或25-OH-D3,任选地施用这两种营养素的组合,来消除或实质性改善鸡育种中的问题。
申请人目前惊讶地发现,胚胎中经由母体补充的相对高浓度的必需营养素(例如角黄素或25-OH-D3)与经改进的孵化率、生育率和胚胎发育第一阶段期间更低的胚胎死亡率相关。
Tritsch et al.(US 2003/0170324)公开了一种饲料预混组合物,其至少包含以5%和50%(wt/wt)之间的用量溶于油和抗氧化剂中的25-OH D3,包封25-OH D3微滴和油的试剂,和营养添加剂(例如维生素D3)。预混物可以被添加至家禽、猪、狗或猫食物中。所述组合物稳定化25-OH D3以对抗氧化。
Simoes-Nunes et al.(US 2005/0064018)公开了对动物饲料添加25-OH维生素D3和维生素D3的组合。特别地,对猪饲料添加约10μg/kg到约 100μg/kg的25-OH维生素D3和约200IU/kg到约4,000IU/kg的维生素D3。所述添加改进了猪的骨强度。
Stark et al.(US 5,695,794)公开了对家禽饲料添加25-OH维生素D3和维生素D3的组合,以改善胫骨软骨发育不良的影响。
Borenstein et al US 5,043,170公开了用维生素D3和1-α-羟基胆钙化固醇或1α,25-羟基胆钙化固醇任一的组合改进产蛋母鸡和老母鸡中的蛋强度和腿长度。
Fleshner-Barak(WO 03/007916)公开了双磷酸盐化合物和天然维生素D衍生物如1,25-二羟基维生素D3或24,25-二羟基维生素D3或25-OH维生素D3的施用。
Daifotis et al.(WO 03/086415)公开了通过至少一种双磷酸盐化合物和从约100IU到约60,000IU未经活化的维生素D2代谢产物和/或维生素D3代谢产物的组合来抑制骨再吸收。
上述文件并未教导或提示角黄素和25-OH D3或其组合的使用会令人惊讶地有益于改进孵化率。
发明内容
在说明书和权利要求书通篇中使用时,应用以下定义:
“维生素D代谢产物”表示维生素D的任何代谢产物,例如25-羟基维生素D3,1,25-二羟基维生素D3或24,25-二羟基维生素D3。
“25-OH D3”特指25-羟基维生素D3。
“家禽”旨在包括火鸡、鸭和鸡(包括但不限于肉鸡、蛋鸡、育种者)。
角黄素和25-OH D3可得自任何来源,其组合物可使用便利的技术制备。
在第一方面中,提供了适用于家禽使用的一种或多种饲料组合物,以施用角黄素或25-OH D3及其组合,作为营养素以改进孵化率、生育率和降低胚胎发育第一阶段期间胚胎死亡率。
在第二方面中提供了家禽饲料,所述家禽饲料包含从约10μg/kg到约 100μg/kg的25-OH D3和/或从约2到100ppm,优选地2到10ppm的角黄素。
在另一方面中,提供了对家禽育种者施用角黄素和/或25-OH D3的方法,以改进孵化率、生育率和降低胚胎发育第一阶段期间的胚胎死亡率。
改进家禽中孵化率的方法包括对需要此类处理的动物施用用量从约2ppm到100ppm,优选地2到100ppm的角黄素,和/或约10μg/kg到约100μg/kg的25-OH D3。
在另一方面中,提供了包含25-羟基维生素D3和角黄素的用于家禽饲料的预混组合物。
角黄素和25-羟基维生素D3适当地与食物一起施用。在本文中使用时,术语食物包括固体和液体食物以及饮用流体如饮用水。特别地,本发明的成分可以作为配制好的粉末被添加至含有其他矿物质、维生素、氨基酸和微量元素的预混物中,所述预混物被添加至常规动物食物并彻底混合,从而在其中实现均一的分布。
在根据本发明的家禽饲料的制造中,对常规家禽食物添加从约2ppm到100ppm,优选地2–10ppm的角黄素,和需要时从约10μ/kg到约100μg/kg的25-羟基维生素D3。或者可以在常规食物组分的基础上如下制备食物预混物:以更高的浓度对此类食物组分添加这些活性成分。
根据本发明,可以Trademark 1.25%获得25-OHD3化合物,可以Trademark 获得角黄素。
根据本发明,如果组合物含有一种或多种以下成分是更有利的:维生素A,维生素E,生物素,铜(例如作为CuSO4),锌(例如作为ZnSO4),钴(例如作为CoSO4),硒(例如作为Na2SeO3),碘(例如作为KI),锰(例如作为MnSO4)和/或钙(例如作为CaSO4)。
提供以下的非限制性实施例来更好地阐述本发明。
具体实施方式
实施例1
加丽素红(Carophyll Red,角黄素)对肉鸡生产性和繁殖性发育的影响
材料和方法
在该研究中使用360只雌性和36只雄性肉鸡,均为45周龄和Cobb 500谱系。根据体重和批次的均一性,使各个处理组的鸟圈养在一起。
预实验阶段–第37周到第45周:
在预实验阶段中,鸟经历了育种者指南(breeders’ guide)中推荐的操作和饲喂实践。为了评价每箱中鸟的生育率,进行一周的孵育期,并对未孵出的蛋使用胚胎诊断法,测定每箱中的生育率百分比。对每箱分配处理时考虑生育率水平,使得研究开始时所有处理具有相同的生育率水平。
实验阶段–第46周到第66周:
该阶段开始时,将所有鸟称重,并在鸟接受处理的阶段期间每28天重复一次(表1)。实验期间,收集每天蛋生产的信息。以每周为基础称重鸟样品。
饲喂
给予鸟的膳食是用于肉鸡的标准饲料,其中添加了被检验的产物。饲料满足鸟在发育阶段的所有营养需求和育种者指南中的推荐。饲料完全基于植物,使用玉米和大豆麸(附录1、2和3)。
表1.在对肉鸡(谱系Cobb 500)的六个月的实验中使用的处理
处理 加丽素红(ppm)
1 0
2 60
实验设计
实验设计是完全随机的,使用两种处理,以及六组,各组30只母鸡和3只公鸡。
方法
每周计算产蛋率。为了评价蛋的重量、比重、蛋的平均重量、蛋黄重量、蛋清重量和蛋黄颜色,使用任何给定日期收集的被认为不适合孵育的所有蛋。通过在密度1065;1070;1075;1080;1085;1090和1095的盐溶液中的浮现(emersion),测定比重。使用精密称(precision weighing scale,0.001g)进行蛋、蛋黄和蛋清的称重。使用来自DSM Nutritional  的彩扇(color fan)测定蛋黄的颜色。
为了评价孵化、孵化率、生育率和胚胎死亡率,每天收集蛋。然后将其分类并用相应箱子的编号标记。在具有温度和湿度控制的有空调的室内,将被认为不适合孵育的这些蛋最多储存七天。在多阶段孵化期(multi-stage incubator)中进行孵育,在第18天将蛋转移至孵卵器中。在第21天将小鸡从孵卵器中取出,接种疫苗并分类。然后将未孵化的蛋进行胚胎诊断学,以评价生育率和胚胎死亡率状态。
统计学分析 
获得数据后,进行变异分析并评价标准偏差。在统计学程序SAS的帮助下进行这些统计学流程。
结果
表2.第46-55周、56-66周和整个周期(21周)期间的产蛋率
表3.第46-56周和56-66周和整个周期(21周)期间的孵化率
(a>b邓肯检验)
表4.观察周期(21周)期间的孵化、孵化率、生育率和胚胎死亡率
(a>b邓肯检验)
表5.处理对观察周期中平均胚胎死亡率的影响
(a>b邓肯检验)
M1-孵育最初48小时中的胚胎死亡率
M2-孵育第3天和第7天之间发生的胚胎死亡率
M3-孵育第8天和第14天之间发生的胚胎死亡率
M4-孵育第15天和第21天之间发生的胚胎死亡率
表6.研究第19和21周之间和全部21周的胚胎死亡率
(a>b邓肯检验)
表7.观察期(21周)期间每只圈养的鸟的蛋、可孵化的蛋和小鸡数量
表8.实验期间使用的饲料中计算的营养水平
表9.实验期间使用的饲料的组成
成分 百分比
玉米 68.52
[0074] 
大豆糠46% 21.57
石灰石38%Ca 7.21
磷酸二钙(Bicalcium Phosphate) 1.64
0.4
小麦糠 0.112
DL-甲硫氨酸99% 0.045
预混物 0.50
表10.添加至鸡膳食中的预混物的组成
营养素 每千克产物的量 单位
叶酸 237.5 mg
烟酸 8500 mg
泛酸 3800 mg
生物素 38 mg
12400 mg
胆碱 72000 mg
10222 mg
12000 mg
160 mg
14000 mg
甲硫氨酸 118800 mg
土霉素 8000 mg
108 mg
维生素A 2090000 UI/Kg
维生素B1 475 mg
维生素B12 3800 mg
维生素B2 1900 mg
维生素B6 950 mg
[0077] 
营养素 每千克产物的量 单位
角黄素 332500 UI/Kg
维生素E 7600 mg
维生素K3 950 mg
14000 mg
实施例2
研究是否在肉鸡育种母鸡中补充角黄素和25-OH D3
材料和方法: 
根据实施例1进行检验,其中添加实施例2中的处理如下:
T1-对照膳食 
T2-对照膳食+60ppm的加丽素红 
T3–对照膳食+69ppm的
T4–对照膳食+60ppm的加丽素红+69ppb的
进行6次重复/处理,每次重复使用40只肉鸡育种者和4只小公鸡。 
每周记录蛋生产、生育率和孵化率。结果展示于表11中。数据显示对和角黄素的良好应答。
表11:
以下内容对应于母案申请中的原始权利要求书,现作为说明书的一部分并入此处:
1.角黄素和/或至少一种维生素D代谢产物用于在家禽中改进孵化率和生育率以及用于降低胚胎死亡率的用途。
2.根据项1的用途,其中所述维生素D代谢产物是25-羟基维生素D3。
3.角黄素和/或25-羟基维生素D3在制造用于改进家禽孵化率的食物或兽医组合物中的用途。
4.如项1到3任一中所述用于制造家禽食物的用途,所述家禽食物包含从约10μg/kg到约100μg/kg的25-羟基维生素D3和从约2到100ppm、优选地从约2ppm到10ppm的角黄素。
5.用于在家禽中改进孵化率和生育率以及降低胚胎死亡率的方法,所述方法包括对需要此类处理的动物施用约2ppm到100ppm,优选地2到10ppm用量的角黄素和/或约10μg/kg到约100μg/kg的至少一种维生素D代谢产物。
6.根据项5所述的方法,其中所述维生素D代谢产物是25-羟基维生素D3。
7.根据项6所述的方法,其中角黄素和25-羟基维生素D3一起施用。 
8.包含25-羟基维生素D3和角黄素的预混组合物,所述组合物用于在育种者饲料中用于改进孵化率。

Claims (2)

1.角黄素在制造用于在家禽中改进孵化率的食物或兽医组合物中的用途,其中角黄素与维生素D代谢产物25-羟基维生素D3组合,其中对需要此类处理的动物施用量为2ppm到100ppm的角黄素和量为10μg/kg到100μg/kg的25-OH D3。
2.权利要求1所述的用途,其中对需要此类处理的动物施用量为2ppm到10ppm的角黄素。
CN201410791078.XA 2008-11-19 2009-11-11 角黄素和/或25-oh d3用于家禽中改进的孵化率的用途 Pending CN104585500A (zh)

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SG169565A1 (zh) 2011-04-29
WO2010057811A2 (en) 2010-05-27
CN102215700A (zh) 2011-10-12
CA2737680C (en) 2018-01-02
CA2737680A1 (en) 2010-05-27
PH12011500511B1 (zh) 2013-12-10
EP2358214A2 (en) 2011-08-24
BRPI0913531A2 (pt) 2019-08-27
WO2010057811A3 (en) 2011-03-17
MX305874B (zh) 2012-12-04
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AU2009317402A1 (en) 2010-05-27
US20170128466A1 (en) 2017-05-11
US20140024626A1 (en) 2014-01-23
AU2009317402B2 (en) 2013-10-17
JP2012509253A (ja) 2012-04-19
EP2358214B1 (en) 2013-10-02
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BRPI0913531B1 (pt) 2021-02-23
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