CN104581228A - Bandwidth self-adaptation streaming media system serving various terminals - Google Patents
Bandwidth self-adaptation streaming media system serving various terminals Download PDFInfo
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- CN104581228A CN104581228A CN201510004244.1A CN201510004244A CN104581228A CN 104581228 A CN104581228 A CN 104581228A CN 201510004244 A CN201510004244 A CN 201510004244A CN 104581228 A CN104581228 A CN 104581228A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
- H04N21/26216—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints involving the channel capacity, e.g. network bandwidth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23103—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion using load balancing strategies, e.g. by placing or distributing content on different disks, different memories or different servers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
- H04N21/6437—Real-time Transport Protocol [RTP]
Abstract
The invention relates to a bandwidth self-adaptation streaming media system serving various terminals. The system comprises an as-required rotating packaging engine and a partial node catching engine which are arranged on a partial node and an as-required transcoding engine and a main node caching engine which serve a plurality of partial nodes through the Internet and are arranged on a center node. The as-required transcoding engine transcodes input video of any format into multi-code-rate video playing files according to needs, during distributing, the files are cached at the main node caching engine. The partial node catching engine obtains the multi-code-rate video playing files from the center node, according to detected playing terminal bandwidth information, the as-required rotating packaging engine selects playing files with the matched code rate from the partial node caching engine for packaging and transmits the files to a playing terminal, and bandwidth self adaptation is achieved on the playing terminal. The bandwidth self-adaptation streaming media system has the advantages that bandwidth self adaptation playing of streaming media content can be achieved, minimum loss of transcoding resources is achieved, and perfect compatibility with an existing content distribution network (CDN) infrastructure is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of adaptive stream media system, particularly relate to a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals.
Background technology
There is multiple different streaming media playing terminal on the consumer electronics market at present, ratio is if any the Set Top Box based on RTSP agreement generally used in Broadcast and TV system, the iOS terminal that Apple produces, based on the mobile phone and machine end box etc. of the Android operation system of Google.
These different terminals are due to use scenes difference, residing network environment is complicated, such as Set Top Box uses fixed network broadband usually, mobile phone and PAD are likely when being in and use WiFi, then be likely when travelling outdoors and use 3G/4G network, network environment complexity means that terminal is in streaming media playing process, bandwidth may alter a great deal, especially 3G/4G network, due to the factor of landform and base station coverage, bandwidth can fluctuate fast along with the change of environment presents, therefore the existing stream media system change play quality existed with network environment can have the defect of very great fluctuation process thereupon.
Different terminals due to towards the consumer group different, its decoding and display capabilities also have very big difference, high-grade mobile phone as its decoding capability of iPhone and display resolution just very high, the H264 video of 720P precision can be processed, by contrast, the H264 video that some low side Android device just may separate 720P precision is just undertaken to do what is apparently beyond one's ability. and therefore there is the defect that thereupon can have very great fluctuation process with terminal capability change play quality in existing stream media system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect overcoming above-mentioned prior art, and propose a kind ofly can support multiple terminal that is that be in different network environments and operating system simultaneously and a kind of adaptive stream media system of existing CDN facility can be utilized.
For achieving the above object, the present invention devises so a kind of adaptive stream media system, this system comprises being arranged on partial node turning encapsulation engine and partial node caching engine as required, and the engine of transcoding as required arranged on the Centroid of some partial nodes by Internet service and host node caching engine; Transcoding engine is transcoded into multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file as required the input video of arbitrary format and is cached in host node caching engine while distribution as required, partial node caching engine provides multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file, turn encapsulation engine as required according to the playback terminal bandwidth information detected, the played file choosing coupling code check from partial node caching engine carries out encapsulating and sending playback terminal to, makes playback terminal realize bandwidth self-adaption.
Further, the described engine of transcoding is as required after receiving the video request of partial node, first the video of searching request from host node caching engine, then obtain from video source as do not searched, and the video obtained from video source is transcoded into as required to the video playback file of multi code Rate of Chinese character, and host node caching engine is cached in while distribution, obtain from host node caching engine during distribution and be distributed to the partial node sending video request again; The described encapsulation engine that turns as required is after receiving terminal video request, first obtain from partial node caching engine, as do not searched, obtain from host node caching engine, the multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file obtained from Centroid is cached to partial node caching engine, and the video playback file of this acquisition is turned encapsulation engine and converts in real time with the Streaming Media of Streaming transfer protocol transmission to terminal plays.Described Streaming transfer protocol comprises RTSP agreement, RTMP agreement and MMS (Microsoft Media Server) Protocol, but is not limited to above-mentioned listed agreement.Described multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file comprises multi code Rate of Chinese character playlist and video segment.
The engine of transcoding as required in the present invention is the integral module with transcoding and distribution function as required; Or comprise the transcoding module with transcoding function as required and the distribution module with distribution function, transcoding module is transcoded into multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file as required to the video obtained, and being cached to host node caching engine, distribution module obtains required multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file distributing to the partial node sending video request from host node caching engine.
Further, the output of transcoding engine is an empty link as required, and by the video of at least one empty link search to request, and download data corresponding to this video in real time from video source, one side real-time transcoding also encapsulates.
Turn for encapsulation engine as required for of the present invention, it is the one as required in transcoding engine, and this turns encapsulation engine as required and only completes and turn agreement or the operation of the lightweight of part encapsulation format of larding speech with literary allusions.
The present invention by arranging transcoding engine and turn as required and encapsulate engine and corresponding caching engine and constitute a kind of brand-new adaptive stream media system as required respectively on Centroid and partial node, system is not only by transcoding engine as required with turn the self adaptation that encapsulation engine realizes Streaming Media bandwidth as required, and by transcoding engine as required with turn encapsulation engine as required and coordinate with corresponding caching engine respectively and carry out farthest service-user from buffer memory, to reduce the transcoding request to Centroid, such as required transcoding engine by input source transcoding content caching in Centroid caching engine, when the video identical by access request again, do not need to go for source again to ask video and transcoding, but directly from caching engine, find out contents distribution and go out, the content caching that Centroid can download by simultaneity factor is at partial node caching engine, first video request can be found in local cache engine, accelerate service rate thus, make the response speed of client terminal playing faster, in addition present system can be advantageously applied to CDN system, and this provides more high quality stream media service to give important approach for CDN service provider and streaming media service provider further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the framework schematic diagram of adaptive stream media system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the system architecture schematic diagram of present system one based on http protocol ways of distribution.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of present system playing flow.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, adaptive stream media system of the present invention is on Centroid, arrange transcoding engine and host node caching engine as required, is encapsulating engine and partial node caching engine with this Centroid by several partial nodes of Internet service being arranged respectively turn as required simultaneously.The engine of transcoding as required on Centroid is transcoded into the input video of arbitrary format the video playback file of corresponding multi code Rate of Chinese character as required, and is cached in Centroid caching engine while distribution.Such as the multi code Rate of Chinese character list being transcoded into corresponding multiple solid size rate corresponding to a FLV or MP4 input video as required, the engine of transcoding as required therefore on Centroid and host node caching engine are the modules of two interrelated compound actions.Turning on same partial node encapsulates engine as required and partial node caching engine is also such composite module, partial node caching engine provides multi code Rate of Chinese character played file (the corresponding playlist of the such as playing terminal equipment such as Apple Macintosh operating system, Android operation system) to turning encapsulation engine as required, turn encapsulation engine as required when terminal real-time bandwidth information being detected, the code check version of coupling is chosen from partial node caching engine, then turn the encapsulation format being packaged into distribution protocol demand as required, make terminal realize bandwidth self-adaption.
The video playback file on-demand obtained from video source is transcoded into corresponding multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file and is cached in Centroid caching engine by the above-mentioned engine of transcoding as required, when same video is accessed again in the future, do not need again to go for summation transcoding to source, but directly from caching engine, find out contents distribution and go out, greatly save the amount of calculation of transcoding and accelerated service rate.Same partial node is after receiving the video request of terminal use, also the video playback file of corresponding code check is first searched at the caching engine of this locality, only when the search of partial node caching engine has no resolution, just can to Centroid request, simultaneously can increase new code check version in partial node caching engine, this code check version be turn as required encapsulation engine according to matching of obtaining of the terminal bandwidth information detected but the code check version do not had before.
As Fig. 3, in the invention described above in system, partial node receives terminal video request, and the streaming media bandwidth detected between partial node and receiving terminal, and according to this bandwidth information, first the video playback file that search and this bandwidth match from partial node caching engine, the playlist of a such as phase code check and video segment, as searched, turn as required after encapsulation engine converts the video playback file existed with multi code Rate of Chinese character tabular form to the Streaming Media transmitted with certain Streaming transfer protocol in real time and encapsulate, for terminal plays; As do not searched, send request to Centroid, first Centroid then obtains from the nodal cache engine of center, as searched, obtain from video source, and by the video playback file distributing of acquisition to the partial node sending video request, as do not searched, and the video obtained from video source is transcoded into as required the video playback file of multi code Rate of Chinese character, and is cached in host node caching engine while being distributed to the partial node caching engine sending request video.
That caching engine in the present invention can use any business or the caching engine of increasing income, its function does not need to go for source to ask when being and the input source of caching engine is cached in order to again being accessed in the future again, but from caching engine, directly find out respective file divide and send out, the resource of having saved source uses.Centroid of the present invention being arranged caching engine is exactly transcoding amount of calculation in order to save transcoding engine as required, a typical caching engine realizes being exactly HTTP caching engine, as Fig. 2, the engine of transcoding as required in host node carries out transcoding operation, and the multi code Rate of Chinese character played file produced after transcoding is cached in HTTP caching engine.Turn encapsulation engine as required and find out the corresponding video playback file existed with multi code Rate of Chinese character tabular form from partial node caching engine, and it is converted to the Streaming Media of HTTP Streaming transfer protocol transmission in real time, for terminal plays, the function of the caching engine of partial node be then the content caching downloaded from Centroid in this locality, accelerate service rate with this.
The engine of transcoding as required in the present invention can use the engine of transcoding as required of any business, or other transcoding engines as required in prior art, such as, before the applicant of the application, (application number is: transcoding engine (transcoding module) mentioned 201210554130.0) in disclosed " a kind of adaptive flow media playing method and Play System thereof " application for a patent for invention.The Core Feature of transcoding engine is that input video source is transcoded into multi code Rate of Chinese character list of videos as required as required, to adapt to different bandwidth, therefore the multi code Rate of Chinese character list of any bandwidth self-adaption technology can be applicable to the present invention, such as, M3u8 list in the HLS technology of Apple, the listing file that the MPEG-DASH that ISO organizes specifies, the Smooth Streaming listing file of Microsoft, the Dynamic Streaming play list file etc. of Adobe company, but the invention is not restricted to the bit-rate video list of above-mentioned terminal.
The output of transcoding engine is an empty link as required, when this links clicked time, transcoding engine is linked to backstage according to this immediately and finds corresponding authentic document or listed files, or what backstage was found remains an empty link, need in this case to arrive upper level again or multiple-stage and split end fetches data, after file or data flow are got, then transcoding also encapsulates away on request, descends data one side real-time transcoding in real time and encapsulation of data.Such as: the link that foreground receiving terminal can be put is rtsp: // 192.168.1.6/transcode.ts, corresponding backstage is found: http: // 192.168.8.9/tangiable.flv, transcoding engine is in real time while download tangiable.flv file content as required, while carry out transcoding work, and packaged in ts form, then serve by RTSP agreement.
The engine of transcoding as required in the present invention can be the single module with transcoding and distribution combination function described in above-described embodiment, also can make multiple module to complete same transcoding, distribution function.Such as be made up of with the distribution module with distribution function the transcoding module with transcoding function, its course of work of the engine of transcoding as required of this multimode composition is like this: transcoding module is transcoded into multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file as required to the video obtained, and being cached to host node caching engine, distribution module is distributed to the partial node sending video request obtain required multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file from host node caching engine after again.
In addition, the pattern of the input of transcoding engine can comprise FLV as required, the file of the file format encapsulation such as MP4,3GP, TS, WMV, AVI, m3u8, but is not limited to above-mentioned file format.
Turning encapsulation engine as required and can regard the one of transcoding engine as required as in the present invention, but it only completes and turns agreement or the operation of the lightweight of part encapsulation format of larding speech with literary allusions.
Thus, the link turning the output of encapsulation engine as required is also an empty link, also as transcoding engine as required, when this links clicked time, turn encapsulation engine and be linked to according to this authentic document or listed files that correspondence is found on backstage immediately, or what backstage was found remains an empty link, need the process of fetching data to upper level or multiple-stage and split end through more in this case, after file or data flow are got, turn encapsulation more on request to go out, in real time lower data real-time encapsulation of data on one side.Turn encapsulation as required and do not carry out transcoding operation, but only carry out the encapsulation work of light amount of calculation, such as, foreground receiving terminal can link rtsp: // 192.168.1.6/virtue.ts, corresponding backstage is found: http: // 192.168.8.9/tangiable.flv, turn encapsulation engine in real time while download the file content of tangiable.flv, while tangiable.flv Reseal is become TS form, and the Elementary stream of video or audio frequency is not carried out to the operation of any decoding re-encoding, and serve by RTSP agreement.
System of the present invention can be applicable to Content Delivery Network (being called for short CDN system), existing CDN system is substantially all buffer memory based on http protocol framework and distribution, but with the cooperation of existing CDN system is substantially all off-line transcoding service system, it is empty link to user's access that maximum difference is to the invention provides, before content is not buffered, file does not exist, it is a void, transcoding or a turn encapsulation do not occur, therefore any resource is not consumed, integrated huge volumes of content can be accomplished thus, transcoding resource consumption can minimize simultaneously, the terminal originally not possessing bandwidth self-adaption ability is made to be provided with the ability of bandwidth self-adaption in addition.Therefore, system architecture shown in Fig. 2 can be used as the embodiment that the present invention is applied to CDN system, for the CDN service provider and streaming media service provider that have dropped into huge fund in CDN construction, this wishes that improving streaming media service quality further provides important approach.
Claims (9)
1. the bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of the multiple different terminals of service, it is characterized in that: comprise being arranged on partial node turning encapsulation engine and partial node caching engine as required, and the engine of transcoding as required arranged on the Centroid of some partial nodes by Internet service and host node caching engine; Transcoding engine is transcoded into multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file as required the input video of arbitrary format and is cached in host node caching engine while distribution as required, the multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file that partial node caching engine buffer memory obtains from Centroid, turn encapsulation engine as required according to the playback terminal bandwidth information detected, the played file choosing coupling code check from partial node caching engine carries out encapsulating and sending playback terminal to, makes playback terminal realize bandwidth self-adaption.
2. a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described engine of transcoding is as required after receiving the video request of partial node, first the video of searching request from host node caching engine, then obtain from video source as do not searched, and the video obtained from video source is transcoded into as required to the video playback file of multi code Rate of Chinese character, and be cached in host node caching engine while being distributed to the partial node sending video request.
3. a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the described encapsulation engine that turns as required is after receiving terminal video request, first obtain from partial node caching engine, as do not searched, obtain from host node caching engine, the multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file obtained from Centroid is cached to partial node caching engine, and the video playback file of this acquisition is turned encapsulation engine and converts in real time with the Streaming Media of Streaming transfer protocol transmission to terminal plays.
4. a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described Streaming transfer protocol comprises RTSP agreement, RTMP agreement and MMS (Microsoft Media Server) Protocol.
5. a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: described multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file comprises multi code Rate of Chinese character playlist, video segment.
6. a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: the described engine of transcoding is as required the integral module with transcoding and distribution function as required.
7. a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the described engine of transcoding as required comprises the transcoding module with transcoding function as required and the distribution module with distribution function, transcoding module is transcoded into multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file as required to the video obtained, and being cached to host node caching engine, distribution module obtains required multi code Rate of Chinese character video playback file distributing to the partial node sending video request from host node caching engine.
8. a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the output of transcoding engine is an empty link as required, by the video of at least one empty link search to request, and the real-time corresponding data downloading this video from video source in one side, real-time transcoding also encapsulates.
9. a kind of bandwidth self-adaption stream media system of serving multiple different terminals according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the described encapsulation engine that turns as required is one as required in transcoding engine, this turns encapsulation engine as required and only completes and turn agreement or the operation of the lightweight of part encapsulation format of larding speech with literary allusions.
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| CN114363289A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-15 | 天翼阅读文化传播有限公司 | Virtual network intelligent scheduling method based on rule engine |
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