CN108965928B - Self-adaptive link video downloading method and system - Google Patents
Self-adaptive link video downloading method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108965928B CN108965928B CN201810927198.6A CN201810927198A CN108965928B CN 108965928 B CN108965928 B CN 108965928B CN 201810927198 A CN201810927198 A CN 201810927198A CN 108965928 B CN108965928 B CN 108965928B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
- H04N21/23805—Controlling the feeding rate to the network, e.g. by controlling the video pump
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
- H04N21/26216—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints involving the channel capacity, e.g. network bandwidth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for downloading a self-adaptive link video, which can monitor the downlink bandwidth really available in the current network in real time, calculate the video code rate required to be played in the latest section of the current video in real time, and fully utilize each state of each link, so that the link is in the state of downloading the video at any time in the network, the network bandwidth is fully utilized, the downloading speed of the video is accelerated, the starting speed after a progress bar is dragged is accelerated, and the pause probability in the playing process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of video playing, in particular to a method and a system for downloading a self-adaptive link video.
Background
In the field of video playing, one or more links are started to download video data by a CDN (content distribution network) through a video stream address when a video is played, and one or more links are requested to download after the video is played and when the video is dragged, each link downloads a segment of fragment data (patent application No. CN 201310596480.8). However, this process does not determine the actual network bandwidth, so that if the network bandwidth is good, more links can be created for downloading, if the network bandwidth is poor, link downloading is created as little as possible (because the link itself needs to consume a certain network bandwidth), it is not determined whether the current network bandwidth supports creating multiple links to download video data, and if the network bandwidth is general, creating multiple links to download video data increases useless overhead, which results in a slow downloading speed. In addition, the real code rate of the video is not judged, so that different videos are downloaded by using the same link number, but the video with the low code rate increases network overhead due to too many links, and the downloading speed is indirectly reduced. If the code rate is too high and the number of links is too small, the real network use efficiency is reduced.
The main stream video stream is a fragment data stream, each fragment needs to pass through three stages of connecting a server end (a server end), downloading data and completing link closing after downloading, certain time consumption exists in the three stages, fine processing is not performed during video downloading in the prior art, video data is not downloaded in the two stages of connecting the server end and completing link closing after downloading, and the downlink bandwidth is not fully utilized to exert the maximum effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the prior art is insufficient, and provides a self-adaptive link video downloading method, so that a link is in a video downloading state at any time in a network, the video starting speed is increased, the starting speed after a progress bar is dragged is increased, and the pause probability in the playing process is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an adaptive link video downloading method, comprising the steps of:
1) detecting the real downlink bandwidth currently available to the user in real time before the user starts playing, before the progress bar is dragged and during playing, recording the detection result each time, and finally calculating the average value of the latest downlink bandwidth of the current network; when a user starts playing, drags a progress bar and plays, calculating the average code rate of a section of the video needing to be played in the latest section of the current video in real time;
2) calculating the link quantity of the downloaded video started at this time according to the downlink bandwidth average value and the video average code rate;
3) counting the number n of links, namely H1, H2 and … … Hn, and naming video slice numbers as piece1, piece2, … and piece M; m is the number of video fragments, and n is less than or equal to M;
4) h1 downloads piece1, connects to a server end, initiates H2 to download piece2 when starting downloading data, connects to the server end, and starts downloading data; when H2 starts to download piece2, H3 is initiated to download piece3, a server end is connected, and data downloading is started; repeating the steps until Hn-1 starts to download the piece-1, initiating Hn to download the piece, connecting the server end, and starting to download data;
5) when the link finishes the fragment downloading distributed by the link and keeps idle, repeating the steps 1) to 3) to recalculate the number of the current link downloading videos, and deciding whether to continue to keep n link downloading or not; if n link downloads need to be kept, continuing to download piece +1 by using the current idle link Ha; if only n-1 links are required to be downloaded, closing the current idle link Ha, waiting for the next idle link to continue downloading pick +1, wherein a is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n; if n +1 links are needed, generating a link Hn +1, and downloading the piecen +1 and the piecen +2 by using Ha and Hn +1 respectively;
6) and repeating the step 6) until all the video clips piece 1-piece M are downloaded.
In step 3), the calculation formula of the link number H is: when D/M is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1.2, H is 1; when D/M is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than 2, H is 2; when D/M is more than or equal to 2 and less than 3, H is 3; when D/M < oo is more than or equal to 3, H is 4; wherein D is the average value of the downlink bandwidth; and M is the average code rate of the video. And the generated link number is calculated according to the ratio of the bandwidth to the code rate, so that the link number with proper quantity is established by ensuring proper bandwidth, and the network bandwidth is fully utilized.
After step 6), the following treatment is carried out: when each clip download is complete, the clips are locally assembled into continuous video data for transmission to the player or cached locally.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a system for downloading the self-adaptive link video based on the dynamic network and the dynamic code rate, which comprises the following steps:
the first calculation unit is used for detecting the currently available real downlink bandwidth of the user in real time before the user starts playing, before the progress bar is dragged and during playing, recording the detection result of each time, and finally calculating the latest downlink bandwidth average value of the current network; when a user starts playing, drags a progress bar and plays, calculating the average code rate of a section of the video needing to be played in the latest section of the current video in real time;
the second calculating unit is used for calculating the link quantity of the downloaded video started at this time according to the downlink bandwidth average value and the video average code rate;
the counting unit is used for counting the number n of links, namely H1, H2 and … … Hn, and video slicing numbers are respectively named as piece1, piece2, … and piece M; m is the number of video fragments, and n is less than or equal to M;
the first downloading unit is used for starting H1 to download piece1, connecting the server end, initiating H2 to download piece2 when starting downloading data, connecting the server end and starting downloading data; when H2 starts to download piece2, H3 is initiated to download piece3, a server end is connected, and data downloading is started; repeating the steps until Hn-1 starts to download the piece-1, initiating Hn to download the piece, connecting the server end, and starting to download data;
the second downloading unit is used for repeating the operations of the first calculating unit, the second calculating unit and the counting unit when the link finishes downloading the distributed fragments and keeps idle, recalculating the number of the current link downloading videos and deciding whether to continue to keep the n link downloading; if n link downloads need to be kept, continuing to download piece +1 by using the current idle link Ha; if only n-1 links are required to be downloaded, closing the current idle link Ha, waiting for the next idle link to continue downloading pick +1, wherein a is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n; if n +1 links are needed, generating a link Hn +1, and downloading the piecen +1 and the piecen +2 by using Ha and Hn +1 respectively;
and the third downloading unit is used for repeating the operation of the second downloading unit until all the video clips piece 1-piece M are downloaded.
The calculation process of the link quantity H is as follows: when D/M is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1.2, H is 1; when D/M is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than 2, H is 2; when D/M is more than or equal to 2 and less than 3, H is 3; when D/M < oo is more than or equal to 3, H is 4; wherein D is the average value of the downlink bandwidth; and M is the average code rate of the video.
And the output unit is used for locally combining the fragments into continuous video data to be transmitted to the player or cached locally when each fragment is downloaded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can monitor the downlink bandwidth of the current network in real time, calculate the video code rate of the latest section of the current video to be played in real time, and fully utilize each state of each link (connecting the server end, downloading data, downloading and closing the link), so that the link is in the state of downloading the video at any time in the network, the network bandwidth is fully utilized, the downloading speed of the video is accelerated, and the purposes of accelerating the starting speed of the video, accelerating the starting speed after dragging the progress bar and reducing the pause probability in the playing process are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall architecture of data downloading during video playback according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of the link downloading of video segments according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention relates to scenes such as video start playing, video drag playing, and video playing, where a scheduler calculates the number of currently required links by calculating the latest average available downlink bandwidth and the latest average bitrate in real time, and each link downloads a video clip separately.
1. Detecting the real downlink bandwidth currently available to the user in real time before the user starts playing, before the progress bar is dragged and in the playing process, recording the detection result each time, and finally calculating the average value of the latest downlink bandwidth of the current network;
2. when a user plays, drags a progress bar and plays the three scenes, calculating the average code rate of the latest section of video to be played of the current video in real time;
3. according to the average value of the downlink bandwidth and the average code rate of the video calculated by the step 1 and the step 2, calculating the starting of several links to download the video, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
recent average available downstream bandwidth D
Nearest average code rate M
Number of links H
The specific link downloading process is shown in fig. 2. If 3 links are generated, H1, H2, H3 are named, respectively, and the video slice numbers are named piece1, piece2, …, piece en, respectively.
1) H1 downloads piece1 first, connects with a server and starts downloading data;
2) when H1 downloads data, initiating H2 to download piece2, connecting a server and starting downloading data;
3) when H2 downloads data, initiating H3 to download piece3, connecting a server and starting downloading data;
4) if H1 finishes the self-distributed fragment downloading, the number of currently required links is recalculated in the scheduler according to the steps 1, 2 and 3 of the technical scheme, whether three link downloading needs to be kept continuously is decided, and if so, the piece4 is continuously downloaded by using the idle link (H1). If only two links need to be maintained, H1 is closed, and the download of piece4 is resumed after a free link. If 4 links are needed, in the generation of H4, piece4 and piece5 are respectively downloaded by using H1 and H4 according to the steps 1), 2) and 3) and are polled in sequence until the whole video downloading is completed.
Claims (6)
1. An adaptive link video downloading method, comprising the steps of:
1) detecting the real downlink bandwidth currently available to the user in real time before the user starts playing, before the progress bar is dragged and during playing, recording the detection result each time, and finally calculating the average value of the latest downlink bandwidth of the current network; when a user starts playing, drags a progress bar and plays, calculating the average code rate of a section of the video needing to be played in the latest section of the current video in real time;
2) calculating the link quantity of the downloaded video started at this time according to the downlink bandwidth average value and the video average code rate;
3) counting the number n of links, namely H1, H2 and … … Hn, and naming video slice numbers as piece1, piece2, … and piece M; m is the number of video fragments, and n is less than or equal to M;
4) h1 downloads piece1, connects to a server end, initiates H2 to download piece2 when starting downloading data, connects to the server end, and starts downloading data; when H2 starts to download piece2, H3 is initiated to download piece3, a server end is connected, and data downloading is started; repeating the steps until Hn-1 starts to download the piece-1, initiating Hn to download the piece, connecting the server end, and starting to download data;
5) when the link finishes the fragment downloading distributed by the link and keeps idle, repeating the steps 1) to 4), recalculating the number of the current link downloading videos, and deciding whether to continue to keep n link downloading; if n link downloads need to be kept, continuing to download piece +1 by using the current idle link Ha; if only n-1 links are required to be downloaded, closing the current idle link Ha, waiting for the next idle link to continue downloading pick +1, wherein a is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n; if n +1 links are needed, generating a link Hn +1, and downloading the piecen +1 and the piecen +2 by using Ha and Hn +1 respectively;
6) and step 5) is repeated until all the video clips piece 1-piece M are downloaded.
2. The adaptive link video downloading method of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the calculation formula of the number of links n is: when D/M is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1.2, n is 1; when D/M is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than 2, n is 2; when 2 is less than or equal to D/M <3, n is 3; when D/M is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to oo, n is 4; wherein D is the average value of the downlink bandwidth; and M is the average code rate of the video.
3. The adaptive link video downloading method according to claim 1, wherein after step 6), the following process is performed: when each clip download is complete, the clips are locally assembled into continuous video data for transmission to the player or cached locally.
4. An adaptive link video downloading system based on a dynamic network and a dynamic bitrate, comprising:
the first calculation unit is used for detecting the currently available real downlink bandwidth of the user in real time before the user starts playing, before the progress bar is dragged and during playing, recording the detection result of each time, and finally calculating the latest downlink bandwidth average value of the current network; when a user starts playing, drags a progress bar and plays, calculating the average code rate of a section of the video needing to be played in the latest section of the current video in real time;
the second calculating unit is used for calculating the link quantity of the downloaded video started at this time according to the downlink bandwidth average value and the video average code rate;
the counting unit is used for counting the number n of links, namely H1, H2 and … … Hn, and video slicing numbers are respectively named as piece1, piece2, … and piece M; m is the number of video fragments, and n is less than or equal to M;
the first downloading unit is used for starting H1 to download piece1, connecting the server end, initiating H2 to download piece2 when starting downloading data, connecting the server end and starting downloading data; when H2 starts to download piece2, H3 is initiated to download piece3, a server end is connected, and data downloading is started; repeating the steps until Hn-1 starts to download the piece-1, initiating Hn to download the piece, connecting the server end, and starting to download data;
the second downloading unit is used for repeating the operations of the first calculating unit, the second calculating unit, the counting unit and the first downloading unit when the link finishes downloading the distributed fragments and keeps idle, recalculating the number of the current link downloading videos and deciding whether to continue to keep the n link downloading; if n link downloads need to be kept, continuing to download piece +1 by using the current idle link Ha; if only n-1 links are required to be downloaded, closing the current idle link Ha, waiting for the next idle link to continue downloading pick +1, wherein a is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n; if n +1 links are needed, generating a link Hn +1, and downloading the piecen +1 and the piecen +2 by using Ha and Hn +1 respectively;
and the third downloading unit is used for repeating the operation of the second downloading unit until all the video clips piece 1-piece M are downloaded.
5. The adaptively linked video download system of claim 4, wherein the number of links H is calculated by: when D/M is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1.2, H is 1; when D/M is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than 2, n is 2; when 2 is less than or equal to D/M <3, n is 3; when 3 is less than or equal to D/M < oo, n is 4; wherein D is the average value of the downlink bandwidth; and M is the average code rate of the video.
6. The adaptively linked video download system of claim 4, further comprising an output unit for locally combining the slices into continuous video data for transmission to the player or buffering to the local upon completion of each slice download.
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