CN113347138A - Method and device for transmitting transcoding data stream, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for transmitting a transcoded data stream, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a dispatching center obtains a plurality of push networks corresponding to target data streams, and a transcoding network is determined in each push network; the method comprises the steps that a scheduling center receives a transcoding data stream acquisition request which is sent by a target push network and corresponds to a target data stream, and extracts a target code rate in the transcoding data stream acquisition request; and the dispatching center acquires the pull address of the transcoding network and feeds the pull address back to the target push network, so that the target push network pulls the target data stream with the target code rate from the pull address of the transcoding network. The embodiment of the invention can reduce the transcoding cost of the data stream.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of networks, in particular to a method and a device for transmitting a transcoded data stream, a computer device and a storage medium.
Background
In the process of transmitting data in a streaming form, a Content Delivery Network (CDN) is usually used for Delivery, and the data is finally sent to a terminal device.
Different users want to obtain data streams with different code rates because of different requirements of the users on the quality of the data streams. The user can send a request to the network for distributing the data stream at the upper stage through the terminal equipment to pull the data stream with different code rates. Typically, the network will transcode the received data stream directly and send the transcoded data stream to the terminal device.
In fact, the networks at the upper stages of the terminal devices in different areas are different, and the above method may cause multiple networks to perform transcoding respectively, cause the transcoding operation to be repeatedly performed, and cause the quality of the data streams obtained by transcoding to be uneven.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for transmitting a transcoded data stream, a computer device and a storage medium, which can reduce the transcoding cost of the data stream.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting a transcoded data stream, including:
the method comprises the steps that a dispatching center obtains a plurality of push networks corresponding to target data streams, and a transcoding network is determined in each push network;
the method comprises the steps that a scheduling center receives a transcoding data stream acquisition request which is sent by a target push network and corresponds to a target data stream, and extracts a target code rate in the transcoding data stream acquisition request;
and the dispatching center acquires the pull address of the transcoding network and feeds the pull address back to the target push network, so that the target push network pulls the target data stream with the target code rate from the pull address of the transcoding network.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting a transcoded data stream, including:
the method comprises the steps that a push network provides a target data stream with a first code rate to at least one terminal device;
the push network constructs a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sends the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a scheduling center by taking a second code rate as a target code rate according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream with the second code rate of target terminal equipment;
the transcoding data stream acquisition request is used for indicating a scheduling center to request a stream pulling address of a target data stream with the target code rate from a predetermined transcoding network;
and the push network acquires the target data stream with the second code rate from the pull address fed back by the scheduling center and forwards the target data stream to the target terminal equipment.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for transmitting a transcoded data stream, where the device is configured in a scheduling center, and the device includes:
the system comprises a transcoding network configuration module, a transcoding network configuration module and a transcoding network configuration module, wherein the transcoding network configuration module is used for acquiring a plurality of push networks corresponding to target data streams and determining the transcoding network in each push network;
the transcoding request receiving module is used for receiving a transcoding data stream acquisition request which is sent by a target push network and corresponds to the target data stream, and extracting a target code rate in the transcoding data stream acquisition request;
and the pull address feedback module is used for acquiring a pull address of the transcoding network and feeding the pull address back to the target push network so that the target push network pulls the target data stream with the target code rate from the pull address of the transcoding network.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for transmitting a transcoded data stream, where the device is configured in a push network, and the device includes:
a first code rate data stream providing module, configured to provide a target data stream with a first code rate to at least one terminal device;
the second code rate data stream request module is used for constructing a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sending the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a scheduling center by taking a second code rate as a target code rate according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream with the second code rate of target terminal equipment; the transcoding data stream acquisition request is used for indicating a scheduling center to request a stream pulling address of a target data stream with the target code rate from a predetermined transcoding network;
and the second code rate data stream acquisition module is used for acquiring the target data stream with the second code rate from the stream pulling address fed back by the dispatching center and forwarding the target data stream to the target terminal equipment.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for transmitting a transcoded data stream according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
In a sixth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for transmitting a transcoded data stream according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention designates a unified transcoding network in a plurality of push networks corresponding to the target data stream through the scheduling center, and feeds the stream pulling address of the transcoding network back to the push network when the push network needs to acquire the transcoded data stream, so that the push network acquires the data stream with the target code rate from the transcoding network, the problem of high transcoding cost caused by repeated transcoding operation due to the fact that the networks in different regions respectively transcode the transcoded data stream requested by users in different regions in the prior art is solved, repeated transcoding of the plurality of push networks can be avoided, the transcoding times are greatly reduced, and the transcoding cost is reduced.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a transcoded data stream according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a transcoded data stream according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario to which an embodiment of the present invention is applicable;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission apparatus for transcoding a data stream according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission apparatus for transcoding a data stream according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a flowchart of a method for transmitting a transcoded data stream in an embodiment of the present invention, where this embodiment is applicable to a case where a scheduling center configures a uniform transcoding network for a data stream when transcoding the data stream, and each push network can directly obtain a transcoded data stream from the transcoding network, where the method may be executed by a device for transmitting a transcoded data stream provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the device may be implemented in a software and/or hardware manner, and may be generally integrated into a computer device, and may specifically be a server cluster, for example, a content distribution network. As shown in fig. 1, the method of this embodiment specifically includes:
s110, the dispatching center obtains a plurality of push networks corresponding to the target data stream, and determines a transcoding network in each push network.
The dispatch center is in communication with the plurality of push networks for managing the push networks. In the embodiment of the present invention, the push network is a CDN. Each push network may include a plurality of nodes, and the distribution and function of the nodes of each push network may refer to the distribution and function of the existing CDN nodes. The execution operation of the push network may be executed by any at least one node in the push network or by at least one node specified in the push network, and the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited. The scheduling center provides an HTTP interface, which may be specifically used for push stream authentication and controlling pull stream distribution points and the like corresponding to different push networks, where the HTTP interface may be used to query a push network address corresponding to a data stream and any one node address in a more detailed push network and the like.
The data stream refers to data transmitted in a stream form, and specifically, is a set of continuous data.
The push network is used for receiving the data stream, pushing the data stream to other push networks and finally distributing the data stream to the terminal equipment.
The transcoding network is configured to perform rate conversion on the data stream, where the transcoding network may specify any at least one node in the transcoding network to perform rate transcoding, and a specific implementation manner of the rate conversion of the transcoding network may be set according to an actual situation, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
Determining a transcoding network in the multiple push networks, specifically screening an optimal network from the push networks as the transcoding network according to a preset scheduling policy, for example, the push networks may be evaluated according to attribute parameters, where the attribute parameters include at least one of the following: packet loss rate, delay, distance from the data source, transcoding quality, etc. Generally, a push network having a low packet loss rate, a small delay time, and a short distance from a data source is used as a transcoding network. The packet loss rate is used for evaluating the number of data packets which are not received by the data receiver in the process that the data sender sends the data packets to the data receiver in unit time, the delay is used for evaluating the time length from the data sender to the data receiver, the distance between the data source and the data source is used for evaluating the distance between the data source and a push network, and the transcoding quality is used for evaluating the quality (such as the degree of data loss and the like) of the data stream after the push network transcodes the data stream. In the CDN, a push network closest to a data source is generally configured to obtain source data, and the source data is distributed downward and distributed to a push network closest to a terminal device, and the push network closest to the terminal device pushes data distributed in the CDN to the terminal device, so that a distance between the terminal device and the data source is used to screen the push network. Specifically, the evaluation value may be determined by counting each node in the push network and calculating an average value or a weighted value. In addition, the scheduling policy may also be in other situations, and for this, the scheduling policy may be set according to an actual situation, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Generally, at least one unified transcoding network can be selected from a plurality of corresponding push networks for a target data stream, so that other push networks can directly acquire the transcoded data stream of the transcoding network, and the step and cost of transcoding by themselves are saved. The number of the transcoding networks is at least one and is less than the number of the pushing networks corresponding to the target data stream.
In addition, if the transcoding network is abnormal (such as disconnection), the scheduling center can reselect one of the plurality of push networks corresponding to the target data stream as the transcoding network, flexibly configure a uniform transcoding network, and improve the stability and reliability of the data stream transmission network system.
And S120, the dispatching center receives a transcoding data stream acquisition request which is sent by a target push network and corresponds to the target data stream, and extracts the target code rate in the transcoding data stream acquisition request.
The target push network is typically a push network of a non-transcoding network in the network. The transcoding data stream obtaining request is used for requesting to obtain a target data stream with a target code rate, specifically, for pushing an address of the target data stream, which is requested by a network to a scheduling center and can obtain the target code rate, and the transcoding data stream obtaining request may be a back-to-source request. The code rate may refer to the number of data bits transmitted per unit time at the time of data transmission. Specifically, the code rate in the audio and video generally refers to how many bits are needed to represent each second after the audio and video data is compressed and encoded, and generally, the more bits are in a unit time, the closer a file obtained by compression processing is to an original file, that is, the higher the quality of the sound quality or the image quality is.
The code rate of the data stream may be converted. Each push network can have the function of converting the code rate of the data stream. The transcoding data stream acquisition request comprises identification information of the target data stream, a target code rate and the like.
S130, the dispatching center obtains the pull address of the transcoding network and feeds the pull address back to the target push network, so that the target push network pulls the target data stream with the target code rate from the pull address of the transcoding network.
The pull address may refer to an Internet Protocol (IP) address. The pull address of the transcoding network is used to access the transcoding network. The target push network can obtain the target data stream with the target code rate from the stream pulling address of the transcoding network. More specifically, the stream pulling address of the transcoding network is used to point to a node that is pre-specified in the transcoding network, and the node may directly provide the target data stream with the target bitrate, or call any node in the transcoding network to obtain the target data stream with the target bitrate, and the like, and may be set according to an actual situation, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, the obtaining, by the scheduling center, the stream pulling address of the transcoding network, and feeding back the stream pulling address to the target push network includes: the dispatching center inquires a domain name of the transcoding network corresponding to the target data stream and calls a transport protocol domain name interface to obtain a stream pulling address of the transcoding network; and the dispatching center returns the pull address of the transcoding network to the target push network in a redirection mode.
Typically, different push networks are different CDNs, different CDNs are managed differently, e.g., different or partially different IP libraries, and the IP addresses of the nodes in the push network may change frequently. Therefore, the domain name of the push network can be directly stored, and the IP address of the push network can be acquired according to the domain name.
The dispatching center stores the domain name of the push network and the corresponding relation between the target data stream and the push network, can determine target data stream data according to the transcoding data stream acquisition request, further determine the corresponding push network, and determine the transcoding network and the domain name of the transcoding network from the push network. Specifically, the method may call a transport protocol domain name (HTTP DNS) interface to obtain a pull address of the transcoding network.
The dispatching center can return the pull address to the target push network in a redirection mode, so that the target push network directly jumps to the access pull address to pull the target data stream. Optionally, the redirection mode is to temporarily jump (302) to the address of the feedback. Because the transcoding network can be updated according to other conditions such as network conditions or network quality, the temporary jump (302) can be selected to adapt to the condition that the transcoding network is not fixed, and the stability and flexibility of uniform transcoding of the data stream are improved.
The pull address of the transcoding network is obtained through the dispatching center according to the domain name of the transcoding network, so that the situation that the accurate pull address cannot be obtained due to adjustment of the pull address of the transcoding network can be avoided, the accuracy of the pull address of the transcoding network is improved, meanwhile, the pull address can be accurately fed back to the push network in a redirection mode, and the push network can be guaranteed to obtain the transcoded data stream from the transcoding network.
Optionally, after determining the transcoding network in each of the push networks, before receiving a transcoding data stream acquisition request corresponding to the target data stream and sent by a target push network, the method further includes: the dispatching center constructs a corresponding relation between a code rate and transcoding identification information according to the relation between a target push network and the transcoding network, and sends the corresponding relation to target terminal equipment matched with the target push network, so that the target terminal equipment determines the corresponding target transcoding identification information according to the target code rate input by a user aiming at a code rate selection item, and generates a stream pulling request; the target push network is used for providing the target data stream for the target terminal equipment, the transcoding identification information comprises non-self-rotation transcoding information or self-rotation transcoding information, and a stream pulling request generated according to the self-rotation transcoding information is used for triggering the target push network to send the transcoding data stream acquisition request to the dispatching center.
The relation between the target push network and the transcoding network is used for determining whether the target push network is the same as any transcoding network or not, and the relation comprises that the target push network is the same as any transcoding network or that the target push network is different from any transcoding network. The transcoding identification information is used for determining whether the data stream is transcoded by any node in the current push network, and specifically may include non-self-rotation-code information or self-rotation-code information, where the self-rotation-code information indicates that the data stream is transcoded by the current push network; the non-self-transcoding information indicates that the data stream is not transcoded by the current push network, that is, the push network needs to acquire the transcoded data stream from the transcoding network. The target push network is used for providing the target data stream to the target terminal equipment, and the target terminal equipment is used for pulling the target data stream from the target push network. And code rate selection items are used for being displayed to a user on the terminal equipment, and determining code rate information selected by the user according to a trigger instruction input by the user.
For a terminal device which obtains a data stream by directly pulling a stream from a transcoding network, the converted data stream with any code rate can be directly obtained from the transcoding network. However, for a terminal device that obtains a data stream by directly pulling a stream from a push network of a non-transcoding network, a data stream with any code rate is also obtained from the push network, wherein the push network can directly provide a data stream with a certain code rate, and for data streams with other code rates, the push network cannot directly obtain the data stream by performing code rate conversion by itself, and can only obtain the data stream by pulling through the transcoding network. Therefore, the terminal device needs to distinguish whether the code rate of the pulled data stream can be directly obtained by transcoding by the push network. Correspondingly, the scheduling center configures transcoding identification information for distinguishing whether the transcoding operation of the data stream is executed by the push network which directly provides the data stream.
And the dispatching center constructs the corresponding relation between the code rate and the transcoding identification information and issues the corresponding relation in the terminal equipment. When a user selects a certain code rate, the terminal equipment determines transcoding identification information corresponding to the code rate, generates a stream pulling request based on the code rate and the corresponding transcoding identification information, and directly sends the stream pulling request to a matched push network. The pull flow request is used to pull the target data flow from the network to which it is directed. And the push network determines whether a target data stream with a target code rate needs to be requested from the transcoding network or not according to the target transcoding identification information and the target code rate in the stream pulling request. Actually, if the target code rate is the same as any one code rate of the target data stream pulled in advance, the target data stream pulled in advance can be directly provided to the terminal device; if the target code rate is different from all code rates of the pre-pulled target data stream and the target transcoding identification information is self-rotation code information, the push network can carry out transcoding according to the pre-pulled target data stream to obtain a target data stream with the target code rate and provide the target data stream with the target code rate for the terminal equipment; if the target code rate is different from all code rates of the pre-pulled target data stream, and the target transcoding identification information is non-self-rotation code information, the push network generates a transcoding data stream acquisition request according to the non-self-rotation code information, the target code rate and the target data stream, sends the transcoding data stream acquisition request to the scheduling center, feeds back a stream pulling address of the transcoding network corresponding to the target data stream by the scheduling center, further pulls the target data stream of the target code rate transcoded by the transcoding network from the stream pulling address, and provides the target data stream of the target code rate transcoded by the transcoding network to the terminal device.
Specifically, the push network matched with each terminal device may be determined according to each terminal device obtaining the target data stream, and the terminal device matched with the transcoding network and the terminal device matched with the non-transcoding network may be distinguished. And constructing a corresponding relation between all code rates and the self-rotation code information aiming at the terminal equipment matched with the transcoding network. For a terminal device matched with a non-transcoding network, a corresponding relationship is constructed in which all code rates correspond to non-rotation code information and rotation code information, in addition, other corresponding relationships can be constructed, and setting can be performed according to actual conditions, and therefore, the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited.
According to the target code rate input by the user, a plurality of different code rate selection items are displayed on the terminal equipment, the different code rate selection items correspond to different code rates, the user triggers (such as clicking, touching or setting gestures and the like) the code rate selection items, and the terminal equipment determines that the code rate corresponding to the code rate selection item is the target code rate input by the user. And determining target transcoding identification information corresponding to the target code rate according to the corresponding relation between the code rate and the transcoding identification information acquired from the scheduling center in advance, and generating a stream pulling request. The scheduling center can update the corresponding relation between the code rate and the transcoding identification information in real time.
Optionally, the data stream includes a live data stream pushed by the anchor terminal, and the terminal device includes a viewer terminal. Accordingly, the bitrate option can refer to a line option in a live broadcast room, or a resolution of the live broadcast room, and the like.
By constructing code rate and transcoding identification information and issuing the code rate and transcoding identification information to the terminal equipment, the terminal equipment triggers to generate a stream pulling request according to a user triggering instruction, and then triggers the pushing network to send a transcoding data stream acquisition request, whether code rate conversion operation of a target data stream is completed by the current pushing network can be flexibly adjusted, the source of the transcoded data stream can be timely adjusted, the fault tolerance and stability of a transmission system of the transcoded data stream are improved, and the acquisition instantaneity of the transcoded data stream is guaranteed while the cost of transcoding operation is reduced.
The embodiment of the invention designates a unified transcoding network in a plurality of push networks corresponding to the target data stream through the scheduling center, and feeds the stream pulling address of the transcoding network back to the push network when the push network needs to acquire the transcoded data stream, so that the push network acquires the data stream with the target code rate from the transcoding network, the problem of high transcoding cost caused by repeated transcoding operation due to the fact that the networks in different regions respectively perform transcoding by themselves when users in different regions request to transcode the data stream in the prior art is solved, repeated transcoding of the plurality of push networks can be avoided, the transcoding times are greatly reduced, and the transcoding cost is reduced.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting a transcoded data stream according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where this embodiment is applicable to a case where a push network can directly obtain a transcoded data stream from a pre-configured unified transcoding network when transcoding a data stream, and the method may be executed by a transmission apparatus for transcoding a data stream provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, where the apparatus may be implemented in a software and/or hardware manner, and may be generally integrated into a computer device, and may specifically be a server cluster, for example, a content distribution network. As shown in fig. 2, the method of this embodiment specifically includes:
s210, the push network provides the target data stream with the first code rate to at least one terminal device.
The push network receives the target data stream of the first code rate distributed by the upper-level network and provides the target data stream to the plurality of terminal devices. Typically, a push network provides a target data stream to a terminal device upon receiving a pull request from the terminal device.
For the contents not described in detail in this embodiment, the description of any of the above embodiments may be referred to.
S220, the push network constructs a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sends the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a dispatching center by taking a second code rate as a target code rate according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream with the second code rate of target terminal equipment; and the transcoded data stream acquisition request is used for indicating a scheduling center to request a stream pulling address of a target data stream with the target code rate from a predetermined transcoding network.
The first code rate and the second code rate may be the same or may be different. The push network may cache the target data stream distributed by the upper level network. The push network provides the target data stream with the first code rate to at least one terminal device, which indicates that the target data stream with the first code rate is cached in the push network.
If the first code rate is the same as the second code rate, when a stream pulling request of a target data stream with the second code rate of the target terminal equipment is received, the push network finds that the locally cached target data stream with the first code rate is expired or does not exist, and at the moment, the constructed transcoded data stream acquisition request is actually a source returning request of the target data stream with the first code rate.
If the first code rate and the second code rate are different, the first code rate may refer to a code rate of a target data stream that is cached or already received by the push network, and the second code rate may refer to a code rate of a target data stream that is not cached and not received by the push network.
S230, the push network obtains the target data stream with the second code rate from the stream pulling address fed back by the scheduling center, and forwards the target data stream to the target terminal device.
Optionally, the pushing network constructs, according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream with a second code rate of a target terminal device, a transcoded data stream acquisition request to be sent to the scheduling center with the second code rate as the target code rate, and includes: the push network receives a pull stream request sent by target terminal equipment, and extracts second code rate and transcoding identification information from the pull stream request; and if the transcoding identification information is determined to be non-self-rotation transcoding information, the push network constructs a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sends the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a scheduling center by taking the second code rate as a target code rate.
Specifically, when the network determines that the target data stream with the second code rate does not exist locally, the network can judge whether the transcoding identification information is non-self-rotation transcoding information; if the transcoding identification information is self-transcoding identification information, the push network can directly and automatically transcode the target data stream with the first code rate to form the target data stream with the second code rate; and if the transcoding identification information is non-self-transcoding identification information, the push network constructs a transcoding data stream acquisition request by taking the second code rate as a target code rate and sends the transcoding data stream acquisition request to the scheduling center so as to acquire a stream pulling address of the fed-back transcoding network, thereby acquiring the target data stream of the second code rate transcoded by the transcoding network from the stream pulling address.
By configuring the transcoding identification information, whether the transcoding operation of the data stream is directly executed by the push network is distinguished, the source of the transcoded data stream can be adjusted in time, and the transcoding operation cost is reduced.
Optionally, the method for transmitting the transcoded data stream further includes: and if the stream pulling from the transcoding network fails and the retry failure times exceed a set time threshold, the push network converts the target data stream with the first code rate into the target data stream with the second code rate and forwards the target data stream to the target terminal equipment.
Communication between the push network and the transcoding network may be abnormal, for example, the transcoding network is disconnected. If the push network cannot acquire the transmitted transcoded target data stream from the transcoding network for multiple times, in order to ensure that the target data stream with the second code rate is rapidly transmitted to the terminal device, the push network can select to transcode by itself, and transmit the transcoded target data stream with the second code rate to the terminal device, so that the terminal device can rapidly acquire the target data stream with the second code rate.
The number threshold is used to determine whether the push network is unable to communicate with the transcoding network. For example, the number threshold may be 3 times, or may be another value, for example, 5 times, which may be set according to actual situations, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited in particular.
When the result that the target data stream with the second code rate is obtained from the transcoding network by the push network fails for multiple times, the transcoding operation can be directly executed by self, the target data stream with the second code rate is generated in time and sent to the target terminal device, and the target terminal device is ensured to obtain the target data stream with the second code rate.
Optionally, the method for transmitting the transcoded data stream includes: the data stream comprises a live data stream pushed by a main broadcasting end, and the terminal equipment comprises a spectator end.
The anchor end and the audience end are both terminal equipment, the anchor end is used for collecting audio and video data of the anchor to form a live data stream and pushing the live data stream to the CDN, and the audience end is used for pulling the live data stream of the anchor from a pushing network in the CDN and displaying and playing the live data stream.
By configuring a uniform transcoding network in a live broadcast scene, the transcoding cost in the live broadcast data stream transmission process can be greatly reduced, and the transcoding resources of the CDN are saved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, when a pull stream request of a target data stream with a second code rate different from a first code rate received in advance is received by a push network, a transcoding data stream request is constructed and sent to a scheduling center to obtain a uniform pull stream address of a transcoding network configured by the scheduling center for the target data stream, so that the push network can obtain the target data stream with the second code rate from the pull stream address of the transcoding network, transcoding operation of the target data stream is set to be uniformly executed by the transcoding network, repeated transcoding of a plurality of push networks can be avoided, transcoding times are greatly reduced, and transcoding cost is reduced.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in a third embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the live data stream transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: an anchor 310, a first push network 320, a dispatch center 330, a second push network 340, a third push network 350, and a viewer 360. The first push network 320 belongs to a first CDN, the second push network 340 belongs to a second CDN, the third push network 350 belongs to a third CDN, and the first CDN, the second CDN, and the third CDN are different. Furthermore, a CDN may also include multiple push networks, not all of which are shown in fig. 3, but rather a single network is used to represent a CDN.
The transmission process of the live data stream specifically comprises the following steps:
the anchor terminal 310 starts to collect the live data, forms a live data stream and pushes the live data stream to the first push network 320. The first push network 320 requests a forwarding list from the scheduling center 330, and at the same time the scheduling center 330 determines a transcoding network for the live data stream according to the scheduling policy, e.g. with the first push network 320 as a transcoding network. Wherein the forwarding list is used by the first push network 320 to determine the push stream object.
The first push network 320 pushes the live data stream to each push network in the forward push list. Wherein the forwarding list comprises the second push network 340 and the third push network 350.
After receiving the live data stream pushed by the first push network 320, the second push network 340 and the third push network 350 will send a successful push stream message to the scheduling center 330. The scheduling center 330 determines the pull distribution point corresponding to the viewer end 360 according to the successful push message, that is, the second push network 340 and the third push network 350 that directly provide the live data stream to the viewer end 360. The scheduling center 330 sends a pull stream address to the live broadcast room, and the viewer end 360 entering the live broadcast room can select the bit rate of the live broadcast data stream and the pull stream push network by selecting the viewing route (i.e. bit rate selection item). Specifically, the viewer end 360 obtains a live broadcast data stream with a code rate matched with the viewing route from the pointed push network according to the pull stream address matched with the viewing route. Illustratively, the second push network 340 corresponds to viewing line 1, and the third push network 350 corresponds to viewing line 2.
The viewer end 360 plays the live data stream with the first bit rate from the viewing line 1 in the live broadcast room, and triggers the second push network 340 to request the pull address of the live data stream with the first bit rate from the source to the scheduling center 330. In addition, the recording request may also trigger the second push network 340 to request the scheduling center 330 for a pull address of the live data stream with the source first bitrate. The source returning means that the current push network cannot locally acquire the live data stream with the first code rate, and only the live data stream with the first code rate can be acquired from the source station, and the quality of the source returning directly determines the quality of the live data stream which can be acquired by the downlink audience end 360 of the current push network.
The dispatch center 330 predetermines the transcoding network for the live data stream as the first push network 320. The second push network 340 and the third push network 350 obtain the pull address of the first push network 320 by calling the HTTP interface provided by the scheduling center 330.
The dispatch center 330 obtains the pull address of the first push network 320 according to the domain name of the first push network 320 by calling the http dns interface, and returns in the manner of 302. Illustratively, the stream pull address is used to obtain a live data stream of a first bitrate and coding format (h264/h 265). The method is mainly used for solving the problem that IP libraries of CNDs are inconsistent by calling an HTTPDNS interface to acquire a pull flow address.
The second push network 340 obtains the live data stream with the first bit rate, and issues the live data stream to the audience 360 through the content distribution network to which the second push network belongs.
When a problem occurs in the first push network 320 of the back-to-source station of each CDN or the back-to-source connection is disconnected, each CDN needs to automatically try to recover the pull stream. If the repeated retries still fail, the CDN performs transcoding by itself (meanwhile, manual shutdown of the back-to-source function is supported, and after shutdown, each home CDN also performs transcoding by itself), so as to solve a possible single-point problem in the back-to-source station.
Experiments show that if 4 viewable lines exist in a live broadcast room, 75% of transcoding can be theoretically saved, and transcoding resources of about 30% to 50% of each CDN are actually saved on average by considering necessary guarantees such as back-source pull flow abnormity and stability-based optimization.
The live data stream is generated by the anchor terminal and pushed to the first push network, the first push network is configured into the transcoding network by the dispatching center, and when a source return request sent by other push networks is received, the stream pulling address of the transcoding network is fed back, so that the push network directly obtains the data stream with the target code rate, repeated transcoding of a plurality of push networks is avoided, the transcoding frequency is greatly reduced, and the transcoding cost is reduced.
Example four
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting apparatus for transcoding a data stream according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The fourth embodiment is a corresponding apparatus for implementing the method for transmitting a transcoded data stream provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, and the apparatus may be implemented in software and/or hardware, and may be generally integrated into a computer device, and specifically configured in a dispatch center.
Accordingly, the apparatus of the present embodiment may include:
a transcoding network configuration module 410, configured to obtain multiple push networks corresponding to a target data stream, and determine a transcoding network in each of the push networks;
a transcoding request receiving module 420, configured to receive a transcoding data stream acquisition request sent by a target push network and corresponding to the target data stream, and extract a target code rate in the transcoding data stream acquisition request;
and a pull address feedback module 430, configured to obtain a pull address of the transcoding network, and feed back the pull address to the target push network, so that the target push network pulls the target data stream with the target bitrate from the pull address of the transcoding network.
The embodiment of the invention designates a unified transcoding network in a plurality of push networks corresponding to the target data stream through the scheduling center, and feeds the stream pulling address of the transcoding network back to the push network when the push network needs to acquire the transcoded data stream, so that the push network acquires the data stream with the target code rate from the transcoding network, the problem of high transcoding cost caused by repeated transcoding operation due to the fact that the networks in different regions respectively transcode the transcoded data stream requested by users in different regions in the prior art is solved, repeated transcoding of the plurality of push networks can be avoided, the transcoding times are greatly reduced, and the transcoding cost is reduced.
Further, the apparatus for transmitting the transcoded data stream further includes: a code rate and transcoding identification corresponding relation issuing module, configured to, after determining a transcoding network in each push network, construct a corresponding relation between a code rate and transcoding identification information according to a relation between a target push network and the transcoding network before receiving a transcoding data stream acquisition request corresponding to the target data stream, which is sent by the target push network, and send the corresponding relation to a target terminal device matched with the target push network, so that the target terminal device determines corresponding target transcoding identification information according to a target code rate input by a user for a code rate selection item, and generates a stream pulling request; the target push network is used for providing the target data stream for the target terminal equipment, the transcoding identification information comprises non-self-transcoding information or self-transcoding information, and a stream pulling request generated according to the self-transcoding information is used for triggering the target push network to send the transcoding data stream acquisition request to the dispatching center.
Further, the pull address feedback module 430 includes: the pull address query unit is used for querying a domain name of the transcoding network corresponding to the target data stream and calling a transport protocol domain name interface to acquire a pull address of the transcoding network; and returning the pull address of the transcoding network to the target push network in a redirection mode.
The device can execute the method provided by the first embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
EXAMPLE five
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transmission apparatus for transcoding a data stream according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The fifth embodiment is a corresponding apparatus for implementing the method for transmitting a transcoded data stream provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, and the apparatus may be implemented in a software and/or hardware manner, and may be generally integrated into a computer device, and specifically configured in a push network.
Accordingly, the apparatus of the present embodiment may include:
a first code rate data stream providing module 510, configured to provide a target data stream with a first code rate to at least one terminal device;
a second code rate data stream request module 520, configured to construct a transcoded data stream acquisition request to send to a scheduling center, according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream at a second code rate of a target terminal device, with the second code rate as a target code rate; the transcoding data stream acquisition request is used for indicating a scheduling center to request a stream pulling address of a target data stream with the target code rate from a predetermined transcoding network;
a second code rate data stream obtaining module 530, configured to obtain the target data stream with the second code rate from the stream pulling address fed back by the scheduling center, and forward the target data stream to the target terminal device.
According to the embodiment of the invention, when a pull stream request of a target data stream with a second code rate different from a first code rate received in advance is received by a push network, a transcoding data stream request is constructed and sent to a scheduling center to obtain a uniform pull stream address of a transcoding network configured by the scheduling center for the target data stream, so that the push network can obtain the target data stream with the second code rate from the pull stream address of the transcoding network, transcoding operation of the target data stream is set to be uniformly executed by the transcoding network, repeated transcoding of a plurality of push networks can be avoided, transcoding times are greatly reduced, and transcoding cost is reduced.
Further, the second code rate data stream requesting module 520 includes: the transcoding identification information extracting unit is used for receiving a stream pulling request sent by target terminal equipment and extracting a second code rate and transcoding identification information from the stream pulling request; and if the transcoding identification information is determined to be non-self-rotation transcoding information, constructing a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sending the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a scheduling center by taking the second code rate as a target code rate.
Further, the apparatus for transmitting the transcoded data stream further includes: and the pull loss failure module is used for converting the target data stream with the first code rate into the target data stream with the second code rate and forwarding the target data stream to the target terminal equipment if the stream pulling from the transcoding network fails and the retry failure times exceed a set time threshold.
Further, the data stream includes a live data stream pushed by a main broadcasting end, and the terminal device includes a spectator end.
The device can execute the method provided by the second embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
EXAMPLE six
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary computer device 12 suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present invention. The computer device 12 shown in FIG. 6 is only an example and should not bring any limitations to the functionality or scope of use of embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 6, computer device 12 is in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of computer device 12 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 16, a system memory 28, and a bus 18 that couples various system components including the system memory 28 and the processing unit 16. The computer device 12 may be a device that is attached to a bus.
Computer device 12 typically includes a variety of computer system readable media. Such media may be any available media that is accessible by computer device 12 and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media.
The system memory 28 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM)30 and/or cache memory 32. Computer device 12 may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 34 may be used to read from and write to non-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media (not shown in FIG. 6, and commonly referred to as a "hard drive"). Although not shown in FIG. 6, a magnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk (e.g., a Compact disk Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), Digital Video disk (DVD-ROM), or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to bus 18 by one or more data media interfaces. System memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of the invention.
A program/utility 40 having a set (at least one) of program modules 42 may be stored, for example, in system memory 28, such program modules 42 including, but not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which examples or some combination thereof may comprise an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 42 generally carry out the functions and/or methodologies of the described embodiments of the invention.
Computer device 12 may also communicate with one or more external devices 14 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 24, etc.), with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with computer device 12, and/or with any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enable computer device 12 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may be through an Input/Output (I/O) interface 22. Also, computer device 12 may communicate with one or more networks (e.g., Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN)) via Network adapter 20. As shown, Network adapter 20 communicates with other modules of computer device 12 via bus 18. it should be understood that although not shown in FIG. 6, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with computer device 12, including but not limited to microcode, device drivers, Redundant processing units, external disk drive array (RAID) systems, tape drives, data backup storage systems, and the like.
The processing unit 16 executes various functional applications and data processing, such as implementing the methods provided by any of the embodiments of the present invention, by executing programs stored in the system memory 28.
EXAMPLE seven
A seventh embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for transmitting a transcoded data stream, as provided in all embodiments of the present invention:
that is, the program when executed by the processor implements: the method comprises the steps that a dispatching center obtains a plurality of push networks corresponding to target data streams, and a transcoding network is determined in each push network; the method comprises the steps that a scheduling center receives a transcoding data stream acquisition request which is sent by a target push network and corresponds to a target data stream, and extracts a target code rate in the transcoding data stream acquisition request; and the dispatching center acquires the pull address of the transcoding network and feeds the pull address back to the target push network, so that the target push network pulls the target data stream with the target code rate from the pull address of the transcoding network.
Alternatively, the program when executed by the processor implements: the method comprises the steps that a push network provides a target data stream with a first code rate to at least one terminal device; the push network constructs a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sends the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a scheduling center by taking a second code rate as a target code rate according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream with the second code rate of target terminal equipment; the transcoding data stream acquisition request is used for indicating a scheduling center to request a stream pulling address of a target data stream with the target code rate from a predetermined transcoding network; and the push network acquires the target data stream with the second code rate from the pull address fed back by the scheduling center and forwards the target data stream to the target terminal equipment.
Computer storage media for embodiments of the invention may employ any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a RAM, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), a flash Memory, an optical fiber, a portable CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, Radio Frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a LAN or a WAN, or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A method for transmitting a transcoded data stream, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a dispatching center obtains a plurality of push networks corresponding to target data streams, and a transcoding network is determined in each push network;
the method comprises the steps that a scheduling center receives a transcoding data stream acquisition request which is sent by a target push network and corresponds to a target data stream, and extracts a target code rate in the transcoding data stream acquisition request;
and the dispatching center acquires the pull address of the transcoding network and feeds the pull address back to the target push network, so that the target push network pulls the target data stream with the target code rate from the pull address of the transcoding network.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after determining the transcoding network in each of the push networks, before receiving a transcoding data stream acquisition request corresponding to the target data stream sent by a target push network, further comprising:
the dispatching center constructs a corresponding relation between a code rate and transcoding identification information according to the relation between a target push network and the transcoding network, and sends the corresponding relation to target terminal equipment matched with the target push network, so that the target terminal equipment determines the corresponding target transcoding identification information according to the target code rate input by a user aiming at a code rate selection item, and generates a stream pulling request;
the target push network is used for providing the target data stream for the target terminal equipment, the transcoding identification information comprises non-self-transcoding information or self-transcoding information, and a stream pulling request generated according to the self-transcoding information is used for triggering the target push network to send the transcoding data stream acquisition request to the dispatching center.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the scheduling center obtains a pull address of the transcoding network and feeds the pull address back to the target push network, and comprises:
the dispatching center inquires a domain name of the transcoding network corresponding to the target data stream and calls a transport protocol domain name interface to obtain a stream pulling address of the transcoding network;
and the dispatching center returns the pull address of the transcoding network to the target push network in a redirection mode.
4. A method for transmitting a transcoded data stream, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a push network provides a target data stream with a first code rate to at least one terminal device;
the push network constructs a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sends the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a scheduling center by taking a second code rate as a target code rate according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream with the second code rate of target terminal equipment;
the transcoding data stream acquisition request is used for indicating a scheduling center to request a stream pulling address of a target data stream with the target code rate from a predetermined transcoding network;
and the push network acquires the target data stream with the second code rate from the pull address fed back by the scheduling center and forwards the target data stream to the target terminal equipment.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the pushing network constructs a transcoded data stream acquisition request to be sent to the scheduling center according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream with a second code rate of the target terminal device, with the second code rate as a target code rate, and includes:
the push network receives a pull stream request sent by target terminal equipment, and extracts second code rate and transcoding identification information from the pull stream request;
and if the transcoding identification information is determined to be non-self-rotation transcoding information, the push network constructs a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sends the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a scheduling center by taking the second code rate as a target code rate.
6. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and if the stream pulling from the transcoding network fails and the retry failure times exceed a set time threshold, the push network converts the target data stream with the first code rate into the target data stream with the second code rate and forwards the target data stream to the target terminal equipment.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the data stream comprises a live data stream pushed by an anchor terminal, and wherein the terminal device comprises a viewer terminal.
8. A transmission apparatus for transcoding a data stream, the transmission apparatus being disposed in a dispatch center and comprising:
the system comprises a transcoding network configuration module, a transcoding network configuration module and a transcoding network configuration module, wherein the transcoding network configuration module is used for acquiring a plurality of push networks corresponding to target data streams and determining the transcoding network in each push network;
the transcoding request receiving module is used for receiving a transcoding data stream acquisition request which is sent by a target push network and corresponds to the target data stream, and extracting a target code rate in the transcoding data stream acquisition request;
and the pull address feedback module is used for acquiring a pull address of the transcoding network and feeding the pull address back to the target push network so that the target push network pulls the target data stream with the target code rate from the pull address of the transcoding network.
9. A transmission device for transcoding a data stream, configured in a push network, comprising:
a first code rate data stream providing module, configured to provide a target data stream with a first code rate to at least one terminal device;
the second code rate data stream request module is used for constructing a transcoding data stream acquisition request and sending the transcoding data stream acquisition request to a scheduling center by taking a second code rate as a target code rate according to a stream pulling request of a target data stream with the second code rate of target terminal equipment; the transcoding data stream acquisition request is used for indicating a scheduling center to request a stream pulling address of a target data stream with the target code rate from a predetermined transcoding network;
and the second code rate data stream acquisition module is used for acquiring the target data stream with the second code rate from the stream pulling address fed back by the dispatching center and forwarding the target data stream to the target terminal equipment.
10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the program, implements the method of transmitting a transcoded data stream according to any of claims 1 to 7.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out a method of transmitting a transcoded data stream according to any of claims 1-7.
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