CN104569042A - Device for testing boundary conditions of forging temperature field - Google Patents
Device for testing boundary conditions of forging temperature field Download PDFInfo
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- CN104569042A CN104569042A CN201510006155.0A CN201510006155A CN104569042A CN 104569042 A CN104569042 A CN 104569042A CN 201510006155 A CN201510006155 A CN 201510006155A CN 104569042 A CN104569042 A CN 104569042A
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- temperature
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- temperature field
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Abstract
A device for testing boundary conditions of a forging temperature field in the material field by use of a heat method comprises a fixing mechanism used for fixing a part to be tested, a testing die, a plurality of thermocouples, a temperature collection module and a computation control module, wherein the thermocouples are buried in the testing die; the fixing mechanism and the testing die are oppositely arranged up and down; the temperature collection module is used for collecting the temperature values of all the thermocouples at different time and transmitting the temperature values to the computation control module; and the computation control module obtains heat exchange coefficients between a sample and the testing die according to the complete contact time of the part to be tested and the testing die and the contact surface temperature. The device is suitable for test research on the high-temperature solid contact heat exchange coefficients.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of device applying by the use of thermal means test material field, specifically a kind of forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation.
Background technology
In forging process, temperature field needs to set up conducting heat model, and between workpiece and mould, choosing of contact heat exchange coefficient is even more important to the foundation of conducting heat model.It directly affects the accuracy of Temperature calculating, and the accuracy of Temperature calculating directly affects the accuracy organizing field, stress field and strain field to calculate.The determination of the contact heat exchange coefficient thus between workpiece and mould is a source problem, if this coefficient chooses the failure that inaccurate meeting causes whole forging cutting process simulation.
Therefore, study the solid contact coefficient of heat transfer to be extremely necessary.Also fewer for the theoretical research of the solid contact coefficient of heat transfer at present, and research in this respect mainly concentrates on the fields such as space station, satellite, electron device and low-temperature superconducting, the Contact Temperature in these fields is all lower, and range of temperature is also narrow.Up to the present, there is no a set of can test at high-temperature, top load and the equipment of contact heat exchange coefficient under there is thermal deformation conditions.
Through finding the retrieval of prior art, Chinese patent literature CN101871903, publication date 2010-10-27, disclose a kind of method determining interface heat exchange coefficient of large-sized steel ingot, it comprises the following steps: 1) contact interface between steel ingot and ingot mould is reduced to some test segmentations, several test points are determined in each segmentation, and in each test point, be provided with a sensor, each sensor is connected to a data acquisition system (DAS) jointly by respective wire, and the output terminal of data acquisition system (DAS) connects an interface heat exchange coefficient inverse system; 2) become in the process of steel ingot at molten steel solidification, the temperature in sensor collection molten steel solidification process or hot-fluid information, and the signal collected is sent in data acquisition system (DAS); 3) after molten steel is frozen into steel ingot completely, read the data of each test point by data acquisition system (DAS), obtain time dependent temperature or the hot-fluid information of the actual measurement of each test point, and to import between steel ingot and ingot mould in interface heat exchange coefficient inverse system; 4) interface heat exchange coefficient between steel ingot and ingot mould is solved by interface heat exchange coefficient inverse system inverse.But this technical deficiency part is, test obtains contact heat exchange coefficient, contact heat exchange coefficient particularly between solid, such as during forge hot, the biggest factor affecting test result is pressure size between the two, pressure is larger, then heat interchange Shaoxing opera is between the two strong, that is to say that contact heat exchange coefficient is larger.
The coefficient of heat transfer that what prior art was mainly measured is between liquid steel ingot and ingot mould, when cannot measure two solid contact heat transfers, under certain load, the value of contact heat exchange coefficient.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation is provided, be applicable to the testing research of high-temp solid contact heat exchange coefficient, can at high temperature, top load and the contact heat exchange coefficient completed under there is thermal deformation conditions between any two solids.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: for the fixed mechanism of fixing to be measured, testing mould, some thermopairs and temperature collect module thereof and calculation control module, wherein: be somely embedded in testing mould to thermopair, fixed mechanism and testing mould are oppositely arranged up and down, the temperature value of temperature collect module collection not each thermopair in the same time, and temperature value is transferred to calculation control module, calculation control module discrete is divided into several subprocess by be measured with the complete time period contacted of testing mould, think in each subprocess, the surface in contact temperature of testing mould and sample remains unchanged, namely the temperature difference remains unchanged, and only undergo mutation when next subprocess starts, thus the coefficient of heat transfer obtained between sample and testing mould.
Contact heat exchange coefficient h between described sample and testing mould is obtained by following formula:
wherein: T (r, t) is temperature field, t
0for starting to process the moment, t
mfor terminating the processing moment, ρ is the density of testing mould; The ratio of specific heat that c (T) is testing mould is held; , s (t
i) be the area of surface of contact in i time period, T
a(t
i) be the sample contacting surface temperature within i-th time period, T
b(t
i) testing mould surface in contact temperature within i-th time period, t
allfor contact process T.T., N represents several subprocess.
Sample contacting surface temperature withstands on sample directly tests to obtain by two naked end thermopairs and is achieved rapid response temperature.
Testing mould surface temperature to be extrapolated acquisition surface temperature by nonlinear extrapolation, and the equation of extrapolation is f (r)=Aexp (B*r)+C, and wherein A, B, C are undetermined parameter, and r is the normal distance of distance surface in contact.
Described temperature field is specifically: establish time of contact t
0with time of contact t
mtime, the temperature field isothermal surface of testing mould inside is hemisphere face, temperature only changes along this hemispherical radial direction, T (r, t) is obtained by fit equation, and fit equation form is f (r)=Aexp (B*r)+C, wherein A, B, C are undetermined parameter, and r is the normal distance of distance surface in contact.
Fitting data is originated: be initial point by the surface of contact center of testing mould and measured piece, and surface in contact and axial both direction equidistant temperature are averaged.
The correction factor h of the described coefficient of heat transfer
x=h (1-η),
wherein: Q
sby being obtained temperature field energy change value after simplification and assumption, Q
lfor temperature field energy variation theoretical value, obtain respectively by finite element numerical simulation, describe temperature field with this and simplify the error caused,
namely in numerical simulation, the energy increment sum of all discrete units,
Described fixed mechanism comprises: upper bolster, fixed head, patrix and insulation construction, wherein: upper bolster, fixed head and patrix are arranged successively under upper, and insulation construction is wrapped in the outside of patrix and sample.
Described insulation construction comprises: the alumina silicate fiber felt of outer field Insulating aluminium cover and internal layer.
Described testing mould comprises: counterdie and die shoe thereof.
The material of described counterdie is H13 steel.
Described thermopair is twelve earthly branches nickel chromium-nickel silicon thermocouple.
Technique effect
The present invention can test at high temperature, high load and any materials under there is thermal deformation conditions and the contact heat exchange coefficient between proving installation mold materials, repetitive measurement more can obtain the contact heat exchange coefficient under different loads, then the temperature field of improving in numerical simulation with this contact heat exchange coefficient, the computational accuracy of organizing field, stress field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment comprises: sample 5, the fixed mechanism of fixed sample 5, testing mould, some thermopairs 7 and temperature collect module 10 thereof and calculation control module 11, wherein: be somely embedded in testing mould to thermopair 7, fixed mechanism and testing mould are oppositely arranged up and down, temperature collect module 10 gathers the temperature value of not each thermopair 7 in the same time, and temperature value is transferred to calculation control module 11, sample 5 and testing mould complete contacts and is discretely divided into several subprocess by calculation control module 11, think in each subprocess, the surface in contact temperature of testing mould and sample 5 remains unchanged, namely the temperature difference remains unchanged, and only undergo mutation when next subprocess starts, thus obtain the coefficient of heat transfer of sample 5.
The coefficient of heat transfer h of described sample 5 is obtained by following formula:
wherein: T (r, t) is temperature field, t
0for starting to process the moment, t
mfor terminating the processing moment, ρ is the density of sample molds 8, and the ratio of specific heat that c (T) is sample molds 8 is held, s (t
i) be the area of surface of contact in i time period, T
a(t
i) be the sample 5 surface in contact temperature within i-th time period, T
b(t
i) testing mould 8 surface in contact temperature within i-th time period, t
allfor contact process T.T., N represents several subprocess.
S (t
i) change in time, but under having two kinds of situations, be considered as constant, one: when utilizing device of the present invention, only adopt less drafts, as when dependent variable is below 5%, due to the existence of friction, the contact area depending on specimen sample does not change; Its two, during test, press first presses down a bit of distance, then pressurize, and now area can not change.
Sample 5 surface in contact temperature withstands on sample directly tests to obtain by two naked end thermopairs and is achieved rapid response temperature.These two thermopairs that is to say I, J two thermopairs in figure;
Testing mould surface temperature to be extrapolated acquisition surface temperature by nonlinear extrapolation, and the equation of extrapolation is f (r)=Aexp (B*r)+C, and wherein A, B, C are undetermined parameter, and r is the normal distance of distance surface in contact; Data point selected distance surface in contact 5mm, 12mm, 25mm, 40mm place temperature of extrapolation.
The correction factor h of the described coefficient of heat transfer
x=h (1-η),
wherein: Q
sby being obtained temperature field energy change value after simplification and assumption, Q
lfor temperature field energy variation theoretical value, obtain respectively by finite element numerical simulation, describe temperature field with this and simplify the error caused,
namely in numerical simulation, the energy increment sum of all discrete units,
Source of error has two: the simplification and assumption of thermo parameters method in first proving installation, that is to say the error of calculation of temperature field energy; It two is contact interface discrete hypothesis in contact process temperature variation, and this error can rely on and improves temperature acquisition frequency to add reduction in test process.
Described temperature field is specifically: establish time of contact t
0with time of contact t
mtime, the temperature field isothermal surface of testing mould inside is hemisphere face, temperature only changes along this hemispherical radial direction, T (r, t) is obtained by fit equation, and fit equation form is f (r)=Aexp (B*r)+C, wherein A, B, C are undetermined parameter, and r is the normal distance of distance surface in contact.
Fitting data is originated: by with testing mould and measured piece surface in contact center for initial point, surface in contact and axial both direction equidistant temperature are averaged.
Such as: distance center r=5mm surface temperature T1, mould inside central axis apart from surperficial 5mm place temperature T2, then supposes semisphere isothermal surface temperature field T (r=5mm)=(T1+T2)/2.
In like manner obtain r=12,25 and 40mm place temperature, with these 4 data fittings hemisphere isothermal surface temperature field T (r).
Described fixed mechanism comprises: upper bolster 1, fixed head 2, patrix 3 and insulation construction, wherein: upper bolster 1, fixed head 2 and patrix 3 are arranged successively under upper, and insulation construction is wrapped in the outside of patrix 3 and sample 5.
Described insulation construction comprises: the alumina silicate fiber felt 6 of outer field Insulating aluminium cover 4 and internal layer.
Described testing mould comprises: counterdie 8 and die shoe 9 thereof, wherein: counterdie 8 can be any materials in theory and makes.
In the present embodiment, the material of counterdie 8 is H13 steel, changes the making material of this proving installation, then according to the contact heat exchange coefficient between any two solids of the present embodiment test philosophy test.
In the present embodiment, the dimensions of sample 5 is diameter 30mm, and height 50mm, sample 5 carries out being heated to 1000 DEG C.
Described thermopair 7 is the naked end thermopair of 5TC-GG-K type that twelve earthly branches nickel chromium-nickel silicon thermocouple A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, L, M, thermopair I ~ M adopt the production of Omega company, and A ~ H adopts the TJ36-CASS type thermopair of customized lengths.
Claims (10)
1. a forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation, it is characterized in that, comprise: for the fixed mechanism of fixing to be measured, testing mould, some thermopairs and temperature collect module thereof and calculation control module, wherein: be somely embedded in testing mould to thermopair, fixed mechanism and testing mould are oppositely arranged up and down, the temperature value of temperature collect module collection not each thermopair in the same time, and temperature value is transferred to calculation control module, the coefficient of heat transfer that calculation control module obtains sample and testing mould between with complete time contacted of testing mould in conjunction with surface in contact temperature according to be measured.
2. forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the contact heat exchange coefficient h between described sample and testing mould is obtained by following formula:
wherein: T (r, t) is temperature field, t
0for starting to process the moment, t
mfor terminating the processing moment, ρ is the density of testing mould; The ratio of specific heat that c (T) is testing mould is held; , s (t
i) be the area of surface of contact in i time period, T
a(t
i) be the sample contacting surface temperature within i-th time period, T
b(t
i) testing mould surface in contact temperature within i-th time period, t
allfor contact process T.T., N represents several subprocess.
3. forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described sample contacting surface temperature withstands on sample directly tests to obtain by two naked end thermopairs and is achieved rapid response temperature; Testing mould surface temperature to be extrapolated acquisition surface temperature by nonlinear extrapolation, and the equation of extrapolation is f (r)=Aexp (B*r)+C, and wherein A, B, C are undetermined parameter, and r is the normal distance of distance surface in contact.
4. the forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that, the correction factor of described coefficient of heat transfer h, h
x=h (1-η),
wherein: Q
sby being obtained temperature field energy change value after simplification and assumption, Q
lfor temperature field energy variation theoretical value, obtain respectively by finite element numerical simulation, describe temperature field with this and simplify the error caused,
namely in numerical simulation, the energy increment sum of all discrete units,
5. forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described temperature field T (r, t) specifically: establish time of contact t
0with time of contact t
mtime, the temperature field isothermal surface of testing mould inside is hemisphere face, and temperature only changes along this hemispherical radial direction.
6. forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described temperature field T (r, t) obtained by fit equation, fit equation form is f (r)=Aexp (B*r)+C, wherein A, B, C is undetermined parameter, and r is the normal distance of distance surface in contact;
Fitting data is originated: by with testing mould and measured piece surface in contact center for initial point, surface in contact and axial both direction equidistant temperature are averaged.
7. forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described fixed mechanism comprises: upper bolster, fixed head, patrix and insulation construction, wherein: upper bolster, fixed head and patrix are arranged successively under upper, and insulation construction is wrapped in the outside of patrix and sample.
8. forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described insulation construction comprises: the alumina silicate fiber felt of outer field Insulating aluminium cover and internal layer.
9. forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described testing mould comprises: counterdie and die shoe thereof; Counterdie is that H13 steel is made.
10. forging temperature field boundary condition proving installation according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described thermopair is twelve earthly branches nickel chromium-nickel silicon thermocouple.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510006155.0A CN104569042B (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2015-01-07 | Device for testing boundary conditions of forging temperature field |
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| CN104569042B CN104569042B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107084888A (en) * | 2017-04-15 | 2017-08-22 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | A kind of strain inducing crackle（SICO）Optimization can forgeability optimum temperature range method |
| CN109030546A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-18 | 清华大学 | High temperature deformation and temperature measurement system and method |
| CN109387293A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-26 | 上海爱知锻造有限公司 | A kind of forging mould bases temperature acquisition system |
| CN115452882A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-12-09 | 山东大学 | Device and method for measuring bulk temperature of sample in microwave field |
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| CN115452882A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-12-09 | 山东大学 | Device and method for measuring bulk temperature of sample in microwave field |
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