CN104568697B - The appraisal procedure of one plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance - Google Patents
The appraisal procedure of one plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance Download PDFInfo
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- CN104568697B CN104568697B CN201410827364.7A CN201410827364A CN104568697B CN 104568697 B CN104568697 B CN 104568697B CN 201410827364 A CN201410827364 A CN 201410827364A CN 104568697 B CN104568697 B CN 104568697B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the appraisal procedure of a plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance, comprises the steps：(1) using multilamellar thermometer screen as plant canopy model, blade, the quantity of every layer of blade of adjustment, blade interlamellar spacing, single layer blade porosity, interlayer blades arrangement mode, paddles elastomeric modulus are inserted, and is recorded；(2) in every blade tow sides arrangement water sensitive paper；(3) multilamellar thermometer screen is stood vertically and is positioned over measurement point, carry out medicine liquid spray experiment above it, record Malabar Pied Hornbill wind speed；(4) water sensitive paper is collected, records the parameter informations such as the mist droplet particle size of deposition, deposition；(5) data processing, the relation between each parameter of quantitative analyses.The method of the invention is by adjusting canopy vertical velocity, the parameters such as single layer blade percent opening, blade interlamellar spacing, paddles elastomeric modulus, so as to analyze the dependency relation between extraction different-grain diameter penetration of droplets rate and each parameter, for needed for plant protection dispenser, dose and mist droplet particle size scope provide theoretical direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the appraisal procedure of a plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance, belongs to technical field of plant protection.
Background technology
In the plant protection operation in forest, orchard and rice field etc., the plant canopy penetrance (Canopy of medicinal liquid
Penetration) directly influence pesticide supplying effect.But the definition to canopy penetrance is not still sought unity of standard at present.Teske
(1993,1994) canopy penetrance is defined for the penetration depth before droplet deposition to canopy.And Farooq (2002) defines canopy
Penetrance is the amount of liquid medicine into different canopy layers depth.The measurement side adopted by the plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance of people's research at present
Method is mainly by cotton thread method and water sensitive paper method.
Described cotton thread method, as shown in figure 1, being to be dissolved into certain density solution with dyestuff to spray true plant
Mist, collects droplet with cotton cord, and uses fluorescent spectrophotometer assay Droplet deposition.But which can only count drop in different canopy layers
Deposition in depth, and cannot distinguish between size droplet diameter.Therefore the penetration capacity of different-grain diameter drop is cannot be distinguished by, also just cannot
Instruct operator during actual dispenser, what type of shower nozzle should be selected to reach optimal penetration effect.
Described water sensitive paper method, as shown in Fig. 2 measuring in being widely used in agricultural in the experiment such as float of mist droplet, for receiving
Collection droplet.Khot et al. layered arrangement water sensitive papers in true influences of plant crown, measure the droplet deposition under fruit tree different depth
Situation.For cotton thread method, water sensitive paper method is obtained in that more mist droplet deposition information, including the size droplet diameter regularity of distribution
Deng.But which is tested under true plant environment, and plant leaf form of diverse, angle are also different, obtained with water sensitive paper measurement
Data variance it is very big, it is repeatable also poor；And water sensitive paper cloth on blade is postponed, it is difficult to be accurately obtained which apart from canopy
Blade shielding rate corresponding on the depth information on surface, and the depth.
Additionally, in the analysis method of canopy penetrance, there is also some drawbacks.LAI leaf areas would generally be referred to by people
Number studies the relation of drop penetrance and leaf area index as plant forms parameter.But this mode is with very very much not true
It is qualitative：First, the leaf area index on different depth is difficult to obtain；Secondly, same leaf area index, different leaves arrangement side
The plant of formula is likely to bring larger drop to penetrate sex differernce；Again, the wind speed perpendicular to Malabar Pied Hornbill is for the liquid of canopy
Drop penetrance also has considerable influence, and for the research of true plant, the wind speed of canopy zones of different is simultaneously uneven, it is difficult to fixed
Amount obtains the relation of wind speed and penetration of droplets.
Therefore, the measuring method and analysis method for evaluating plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance at present is present by external environment condition shadow
Ring big, influence factor is more, relation is complicated between each factor, be difficult to extract quantitative guiding result from the data for obtaining,
Actual job standard criterion, and on scientific research quantitative study penetration of droplets rule are given aborning cannot.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the appraisal procedure of a plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance.Using side of the present invention
Method, the data obtained are reproducible, and degree of accuracy is high, exclude complex flowfield environmental effect, wear so as to analyze extraction different-grain diameter droplet
Saturating dependency relation between rate and each parameter, for needed for plant protection dispenser, dose and mist droplet particle size scope provide theoretical direction.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
The appraisal procedure of one plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance, comprises the steps：
(1) using multilamellar thermometer screen as plant canopy model, per layer of insertion blade, quantity, the blade of every layer of blade are adjusted
Interlamellar spacing, single layer blade porosity, interlayer blades arrangement mode, paddles elastomeric modulus, and recorded；
(2) in every blade tow sides arrangement water sensitive paper so as to which, under airflow function, vacuum side of blade is likely to collect
Droplet；
(3) multilamellar thermometer screen is stood vertically and is positioned over measurement point, carried out medicine liquid spray experiment above it, record each reality
Test parameter；As ground environment is severe, the fixing equipments such as support, heel brace can be installed additional；
Wherein, experiment parameter such as wind speed, dispenser flow, spraying persistent period, spray height, temperature etc..
(4) water sensitive paper is collected, records the droplet quantity and mist droplet particle size of deposition；
(5) data processing, calculates penetrance, and the relation between each parameter of quantitative analyses assesses canopy penetrance.
In appraisal procedure of the present invention, the multilamellar thermometer screen for being adopted, as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, with following structure
Feature：
The multilamellar thermometer screen includes the casing of upper and lower opening, the inside of the casing, along longitudinal cloth of the casing
It is equipped with multilamellar BAIYE；The first end of the louver vane is connected with the inwall of the casing；The tow sides difference of the blade
It is coated with water sensitive paper.
The multilamellar thermometer screen is designed using door-opening type, is convenient for changing blade and arrangement, is collected water sensitive paper；
Preferably, the first end of the louver vane is removably connected with the inwall of the casing.
Preferably, the first end of the blade is connected with the inwall of the casing by blade clamping device；The blade
Clamping device is fixed on the casing, and the blade clamping device offers blade slot, and the first end of the blade is inserted
Enter in the blade slot.
Preferably, the blade is in horizontal positioned；
Preferably, the material of the casing be lightweight material, preferred aluminium alloy, lucite.If carrying out field trial,
The metal material model that intensity can be adopted larger, is easy to carry repeatedly.When carrying out laboratory experiment, transparent organic glass material can be adopted
Material, is convenient for Experiments of Optics；
The material of the blade is plastics or rustless steel.
Preferably, the size of the casing is the high 1600mm of long 550mm* width 160mm*；Between between every layer of BAIYE
It is divided into 200-800mm adjustable extents；Every layer of BAIYE preferably includes 20 equally distributed blades；The size of the blade is
76mm*26mm。
The present invention simulates influences of plant crown using multilamellar thermometer screen special construction, and such as Fig. 5 illustrates for the work of multilamellar thermometer screen
Figure, it can be seen that medicinal liquid discharge from above casing, with the different each layer depositions of depth quantity of counting it is also significantly different, with this
Evaluate influences of plant crown penetrance.
In appraisal procedure of the present invention, every layer of percent opening can be adjusted by adjusting every layer of blade quantity.Each interlayer interval
Can be adjusted by removing in same layer all blades, interlamellar spacing is preferably 200mm-800mm.Individual blade can pacify installation and dismantling
Remove, and the material blades such as the blade material of dual extension-compression modulus, such as plastics, rustless steel can be changed.
, from multilamellar thermometer screen as canopy penetrance model casing, its operation principle is as shown in figure 3, realize multilamellar for the present invention
Blade can arbitrarily dismounting and change and arrangement function, so as to reach to canopy leaf area index (regulation blade quantity), blade layer
Spacing (200mm, 400mm, 600mm, 800mm are adjustable), single layer blade porosity is (from 0% to 100% change, adjustable accuracy
5%), interlayer blades arrangement mode (staggeredly or overlapping arrangement), paddles elastomeric modulus (adopts the unlike materials such as metal, plastics not
The blade of stack pile) isoparametric quantification accurate adjustment, realize grinding the quantification for affecting the relevant parameter of penetration of droplets
Study carefully.
As the multilamellar thermometer screen multiparameter is adjustable, control that can be easy in terms of measurement penetration of droplets is more than ginseng
Number, obtains the dependency relation of object of study, possesses very strong scientific research and actual application value.For example in actual applications, we
If necessary to research different leaves arrangement impact of the state to penetration of droplets, it is possible to keep entrance velocity consistent, by adjusting
Section every layer of BAIYE arrangement mode, control every layer of percent opening it is constant, so as to obtain for a certain particle size range droplet penetrance and
Dependency relation between blades arrangement mode.By measuring different plant canopy characteristics, suitable dispenser is targetedly selected
Mist droplet particle size and spraying medicine concentration, to ensure the medicinal liquid deposition needed for existing under enough penetration depths.
Such as we need to obtain impact of the different canopy layers porosity to penetrance again, can be by adjusting different layers blade
Quantity, obtains the experiment condition under Different porosities, while and ensureing that the Correlative Influence Factors such as speed of incoming flow, operating area are fixed
It is constant., compared to model plant or the experiment of true plant with reproducible, the advantage such as experimental state is controllable is easy to each ginseng for this
The quantitative analysis of number dependency relation.
Environment actual measurement in the method also have research vehicle simple structure, lighter in weight, good environmental adaptability, just
In dismounting, data acquisition is convenient, the parameter regulation characteristic such as flexibly.The method can be used in the environment such as land for growing field crops, concrete floor, can
Test for unmanned plane dispenser penetrance, common shower nozzle mist droplet deposition is tested and wind tunnel experiment.
The method of the invention can exclude complex flowfield environmental effect, the particle system that especially lateral particle drift is caused
Count the impact of deviation.By adjusting canopy vertical velocity, single layer blade percent opening, blade interlamellar spacing, paddles elastomeric modulus
Etc. parameter, so as to analyze the dependency relation between extraction different-grain diameter penetration of droplets rate and each parameter, the dose for needed for plant protection dispenser
And mist droplet particle size scope provides theoretical direction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that cotton cord method measures Droplet deposition and penetration depth.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that water sensitive paper method measures mist droplet particle size and deposition.
Fig. 3 is multilamellar thermometer screen fundamental diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is 1 dispenser unmanned plane of embodiment and lucite experimental provision schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is multilamellar thermometer screen operating diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation of different-grain diameter drop penetrance and canopy depth.
Fig. 7 A are staggered for canopy leaves the graph of a relation of different-grain diameter drop penetrance and canopy depth under state.
Fig. 7 B are the relation of different-grain diameter drop penetrance and canopy depth under canopy leaves overlapping arrangement state.
Fig. 8 is multilamellar thermometer screen structural design drawing.
Fig. 9 is metal experimental provision pictorial diagram.
Specific embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
1 penetration of droplets of embodiment is tested
The present embodiment is carried out in Earthquake of Anyang station in Henan Quan Feng aviation plant protection Science and Technology Ltd.'s flight training field.As shown in figure 4, real
Test model and be arranged in open ground, spray unmanned plane adopts QF80-10 types, carries two pressure nozzles, model LECHER
LU-120-02。
(1) the multilamellar thermometer screen for adopting in the present embodiment is the high * 300mm width * 80mm of 1600mm thick lucite case, on
Under be open, 10 movable shutters of per layer of arrangement, 28mm width * 78mm length, per interlayer every 200mm, totally 7 layers, upper and lower two-layer BAIYE
To be staggered, as shown in figure 5, and being recorded；
(2) each BAIYE tow sides places a water sensitive paper；
(3) multilamellar thermometer screen is stood vertically and is positioned over measurement point, unmanned plane is being flown at 2m above multilamellar thermometer screen, is hanged
2s between the stopping time, carries out medicine liquid spray experiment, records experiment parameter；And arrange above casing above tachogenerator record canopy
Wind speed and lower section wind speed；This experiment is repeated twice；Experiment condition parameter is shown in Table 1；
Table 1
| Experiment parameter | |
| Dispenser flow | 1.5 liter/min |
| Wind speed (speed of incoming flow) above canopy | 10 meter per seconds |
| The spraying persistent period | 2 seconds |
| Spray height | 2 meters above canopy |
| Temperature | 32 degrees Celsius |
| DV0.1 | 140 microns |
| DV0.5 | 254 microns |
| DV0.9 | 329 microns |
Wherein, DV0.1 is represented：Particle diameter is arranged from small to large, is accumulated by volume constituents, is accounted for the grain of cumulative volume 10%
In son, the diameter of maximum particle.
DV0.5 is represented：Particle diameter is arranged from small to large, is accumulated by volume constituents, is accounted in the particle of cumulative volume 50%,
The diameter of maximum particle.
DV0.9 is represented：Particle diameter is arranged from small to large, is accumulated by volume constituents, is accounted in the particle of cumulative volume 90%,
The diameter of maximum particle.
(4) it is quick after spraying terminates to collect water sensitive paper, record the droplet quantity and mist droplet particle size of deposition；The results are shown in Table 2.
Deposition points sum of the 2 different-grain diameter droplet of table in each layer
(5) data processing, calculates penetrance, the relation between each parameter of quantitative analyses, to plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance
It is estimated.
As ground floor droplet deposition amount is excessive, cause water sensitive paper coverage rate more than 25%, have influence on the of software extraction
One layer of amount of droplets, therefore we start to calculate every experiment parameter from the second layer (400mm).
The deposition points n that different-grain diameter drop is at per layer is extracted first, and passes through formulaCalculating is penetrated
Rate；
Wherein, ni is represented；
N1 is represented.
As a result see Fig. 6, it will be appreciated from fig. 6 that drop penetrance PiLogarithmic relationship, Pi=e are met with the relation of canopy depth x1 -x/200, and be more or less the same between the drop of different-grain diameter.
Embodiment 2
Penetration of droplets experiment is carried out using the method for embodiment 1, difference is that upper and lower two-layer BAIYE is arranged for eclipsed form
Row, to study impact of the different canopy layers structure to penetration of droplets.Gathered data the results are shown in Table 3.
Test deposition points sum of the different-grain diameter droplet in each layer after table 3 twice
(5) data processing, calculates penetrance, assessment different leaves arrangement shadow of the rule to plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance
Ring, as a result see Fig. 7 A, Fig. 7 B.
It will be seen that blades arrangement mode can produce impact to the drop penetrance of different-grain diameter from figure, and
This impact increases as size droplet diameter increases；When size droplet diameter is less than 200um, drop penetrance is hardly arranged by blade
The impact of row mode；After size droplet diameter is more than 200um, drop penetrance can be reduced as blade overlapping degree increases.
Finally we achieve following result：
1. the relation of drop penetrance and canopy depth meets log law.
2. drop penetrance and canopy leaves porosity linear proportional relation.
3. the penetrance more than 200 micron diameter drops is more susceptible to the impact of blade arrangement mode.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the appraisal procedure of a plant medicinal liquid canopy penetrance, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) using multilamellar thermometer screen as plant canopy model, per layer of insertion blade, quantity, the blade interlayer of every layer of blade are adjusted
Away from, single layer blade porosity, interlayer blades arrangement mode, paddles elastomeric modulus, and recorded；
(2) in every blade tow sides arrangement water sensitive paper；
(3) multilamellar thermometer screen is stood vertically and is positioned over measurement point, carry out medicine liquid spray experiment above it, record each experiment ginseng
Number；
(4) water sensitive paper is collected, records the droplet quantity and mist droplet particle size of deposition；
(5) data processing, calculates penetrance, and the relation between each parameter of quantitative analyses assesses canopy penetrance.
2. appraisal procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the multilamellar thermometer screen includes the case of upper and lower opening
Body, the inside of the casing has been longitudinally arranged multilamellar BAIYE along the casing；The first end of the louver vane with it is described
The inwall connection of casing；The tow sides of the blade have been covered each by water sensitive paper.
3. appraisal procedure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the first end of the louver vane and the casing
Inwall removably connects.
4. appraisal procedure according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the first end of the blade passes through blade clamping device
It is connected with the inwall of the casing；The blade clamping device is fixed on the casing, and the blade clamping device is opened up
The first end for having blade slot, the blade is inserted in the blade slot.
5. appraisal procedure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the multilamellar thermometer screen is designed using door-opening type；
The blade is in horizontal positioned.
6. appraisal procedure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the material of the multilamellar thermometer screen is lightweight material.
7. appraisal procedure according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the material of the multilamellar thermometer screen is aluminium alloy or has
Machine glass.
8. appraisal procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blade interlamellar spacing can be by removing in same layer
Adjusting, interlamellar spacing is preferably 200mm-800mm to blade.
9. appraisal procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the single layer blade porosity is by adjusting every layer of leaf
Piece quantity is adjusted, and porosity is 0%-100%, adjustable accuracy 5%.
10. appraisal procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the interlayer blades arrangement mode is for staggeredly or weight
Stack arrangement.
11. appraisal procedures according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the paddles elastomeric modulus is plastics or rustless steel.
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| CN107179270A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-19 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of plant population canopy porosity measurement device and measuring method |
| CN107036943B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2023-08-04 | 山东农业大学 | Droplet deposition test method and device based on crop porosity similarity |
| CN107145692B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2020-03-10 | 山东农业大学 | Pesticide application droplet deposition prediction method based on similarity of CFD and crop porosity |
| CN108507749B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2023-09-19 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Plant canopy airflow field biological simulation test system and simulation test method |
| CN109490158B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-02-02 | 山东农业大学 | Space fog droplet deposition amount measuring and evaluating method based on porosity of plant canopy |
| CN110333045B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2020-08-14 | 华南农业大学 | Method for testing deformation response physical properties of flexible crops in air flow operation |
| CN110487584A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-22 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of emulation mandarin tree for spraying target detection and spray characteristics test |
| CN111398624B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2022-05-27 | 清远市智慧农业研究院 | Device and method for testing penetrability of canopy of lower washing wind field |
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