CN104568368B - Dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor - Google Patents
Dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104568368B CN104568368B CN201410840293.4A CN201410840293A CN104568368B CN 104568368 B CN104568368 B CN 104568368B CN 201410840293 A CN201410840293 A CN 201410840293A CN 104568368 B CN104568368 B CN 104568368B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor, including：Cylindrical shell, light-sensitive device, CCD elements, flash lamp, instruction control unit and A/D converter；The cylindrical shell is closing housing, and the housing is in axial direction provided with a bar shaped transparent window；The light-sensitive device is arranged at the outside of the case top；The CCD elements and the flash lamp are arranged at the inner side of the housing at the transparent window, and identical with the transparent window length；The instruction control unit and A/D converter are arranged at the enclosure interior；The instruction control unit is connected with the light-sensitive device, flash lamp and CCD elements respectively, and the A/D converter is connected with the CCD elements.Automatic monitoring that is continuous uninterrupted and being arbitrarily designated earth's surface erosion product change under time interval length can be realized, and the precision of monitoring is significantly lifted than ever.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to earth's surface wind erosion monitoring technical field, and in particular to a kind of dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor.
Background technology
In China, sandy land area, which reaches, accounts for the 18.03% of territory total area, is mainly distributed on Xinjiang, the Inner Mongol, west
Tibetan, Qinghai and the province of Gansu 5.With carrying out in a deep going way for strategy to develop western regions, west area and exchanging for Middle Eastern are more next
Closely, the trunk railways such as newly-built in the last few years Qinghai-Tibet, too middle silver, Lanzhou-Xinjiang two wires.These railways are acute by way of many wind-sand activities
Strong location, the activity of stream causes very big influence on the normal operation of railway.To solve the problem, it will usually in railway
Lay the synthetical sand-prevention system that engineering measure and biological control measure are combined in both sides.The intensity of local wind-sand activity determines that these are prevented
The service life of husky system.Therefore, these regional earth's surface stream motion states are grasped, monitoring earth's surface erosion product dynamic, is to anti-
Husky System Construction and the premise of optimization.
At present, earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor is embedded by hole using equidistant hole is set on monitoring device mark post
Fill photo resistance to carry out data acquisition, and then analyze the current intelligence for drawing earth's surface erosion product.
But, because the reflection of photo resistance is insensitive, there is certain hysteresis effect, and can only work by day, to survey
Amount brings uncertainty, causes not accurate enough to the dynamic monitoring result of earth's surface erosion product.Photo resistance simultaneously, which is set, not to be connected
It is continuous so that the erosion product change that the structure is measured is presented stepped, and time interval is uneven, and the result that earth's surface loses product can only be entered
The discontinuous monitoring of row, it is impossible to observation was carried out to the real-time dynamic that earth's surface loses product in stream motion process.
The content of the invention
For in the prior art to earth's surface lose product monitoring result it is inaccurate and can not realize real-time continuous monitoring lack
Fall into, the invention provides a kind of dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor.
A kind of dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor that the present invention is provided, including：Cylindrical shell, light-sensitive device, CCD members
Part, flash lamp, instruction control unit and A/D converter；
The cylindrical shell is closing housing, and the housing is in axial direction provided with a bar shaped transparent window；
The light-sensitive device is arranged at the outside of the case top；The CCD elements and the flash lamp are arranged at the transparency window
The inner side of the housing at mouthful, and it is identical with the transparent window length；The instruction control unit and A/D converter are set
In the enclosure interior；
The instruction control unit is connected with the light-sensitive device, flash lamp and CCD elements respectively, the A/D converter with
The CCD elements connection.
Further, described device also includes signal processor, and the signal processor connects with the A/D converter
Connect.
Further, the signal processor includes wave filter and signal amplifier.
Further, the cylindrical shell includes windward side, wake flow face, left surface, right flank and upper top surface and bottom
Face；
The windward side is the less semicircle cambered surface of radius, and the wake flow face is relative with the windward side corresponding half
The larger semicircle cambered surface in footpath, the left surface, right flank and upper top surface and bottom surface are plane.
Further, the transparent window is arranged on the windward side.
Further, the transparent window both sides are provided with graduated scale.
Further, the light-sensitive device is photoresistance cell or photodiode.
Further, the transparent window is clear glass.
Further, the clear glass is transparent tempering anti scuffing glass.
Further, described device also includes bottom tray, and the cylindrical shell is vertically installed in the bottom tray
Side.
A kind of dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor that the present invention is provided, is primarily adapted for use in prevailing wind direction more single obvious
The significant area of stream activity carry out it is continuous uninterrupted and be arbitrarily designated earth's surface erosion product change under time interval length from
Dynamic monitoring, is observed simultaneously using multiple monitoring devices, is conducive to different terrain and the erosion product change of the earth's surface of landforms position
Process is monitored research.And in addition to measurement earth's surface erosion product dynamic, moreover it is possible to the dynamic change of product is lost according to earth's surface, for surveying
Calculate earth's surface wind erosion quantity, the size of earth's surface sand ripple and the speed of movement.Apparatus of the present invention principle is simple, easy to use, and monitoring
Precision significantly lifted than ever, in scientific research and engineering have good application and promotion prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood from by reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is schematical without that should manage
Solve to carry out any limitation to the present invention, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is Blown-sand soil table erosion product dynamic monitor cylindrical shell structural representation in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is Blown-sand soil table erosion product dynamic monitor windward side high scale schematic diagram in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is top surface structure schematic diagram on Blown-sand soil table erosion product dynamic monitor in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is Blown-sand soil table erosion product dynamic monitor schematic cross-sectional view in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the internal components structural representation of Blown-sand soil table erosion product dynamic monitor in one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated in conjunction with drawings and examples.
A kind of dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor that the present embodiment is provided, including：Cylindrical shell, light-sensitive device, CCD
Element, flash lamp, instruction control unit and A/D converter；
The cylindrical shell is closing housing, and the housing is in axial direction provided with a bar shaped transparent window；
The light-sensitive device is arranged at the outside of the case top；The CCD elements and the flash lamp are arranged at the transparency window
The inner side of the housing at mouthful, and it is identical with the transparent window length；The instruction control unit and A/D converter are set
In the enclosure interior；
The instruction control unit is connected with the light-sensitive device, flash lamp and CCD elements respectively, the A/D converter with
The CCD elements connection.
Wherein, the light-sensitive device is photoresistance cell or photodiode；The transparent window uses transparent steel
Change anti scuffing glass.
In specific monitoring process, the monitoring device is connected with data acquisition unit, is whole monitoring by data acquisition unit
The time interval that the monitoring device is monitored is powered and controlled to device.Specifically, the data acquisition unit respectively with institute
The instruction control unit inside monitoring device and A/D converter connection are stated, the instruction control unit receives the data acquisition unit
The whole monitoring device of instruction control carries out signal acquisition, eventually passes anti-after A/D converter is handled the signal collected
It is fed to the data acquisition unit.
In order to improve collected signal quality, described device also includes signal processor, the signal processor
Part is connected with the A/D converter.Wherein, the signal processor includes wave filter and signal amplifier.
Further, the cylindrical shell includes windward side, wake flow face, left surface, right flank and upper bottom surface；It is described
Windward side is the less semicircle cambered surface of radius, and the wake flow face is the larger semicircle cambered surface of the radius relative with the windward side,
The left surface, right flank and upper bottom surface are plane.Wherein, the transparent window is arranged on the windward side, and
The transparent window both sides are provided with graduated scale.
Further, described device also includes bottom tray, and the cylindrical shell is vertically installed in the bottom tray
Side.
For example, as shown in figure 1, the cylindrical shell include windward side 1, wake flow face 3, left surface 2, right flank 4 with
And upper top surface and bottom surface；Wherein, the windward side 1 be the less semicircle cambered surface of radius, the wake flow face 3 be with it is described windward
The larger semicircle cambered surface of the relative radius in face 1, the left surface 2, right flank 4 and upper top surface and bottom surface are plane.It is described
Transparent window 6 is provided with windward side 1, the upper surface of the cylindrical shell is provided with light-sensitive device 5.
In specific implementation process, the diameter of wake flow face 3 is usually no more than 1.5cm, and the radius of the windward side 1 takes institute
State 1/3rd or so of the radius of wake flow face 3.
The length of window 6 accounts for windward side 1 and grows 3/4ths or so, such as described high 40cm of cylindrical shell, then the window
Mouth 6 sets length to be 25~30cm.The window 6 typically uses clear glass, in order to improve making for the present embodiment monitoring device
Ensure the precision of monitoring result simultaneously with the life-span, can select the tempering anti scuffing glass of water white transparency.
Further, the transparent window both sides are provided with graduated scale.Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 what the present embodiment was provided
Monitoring device is respectively arranged with the different graduated scale of precision in the transparent window both sides of windward side 1, and scale is gradually from top to bottom
Increase.The graduated scale of different accuracy is can select according to actual needs, and general is two kinds of precision scales of 1mm and 0.5mm from precision
Chi.
As shown in figure 3, the light-sensitive device 5 to be arranged to the upper top surface of the cylindrical shell, the light-sensitive device 5 is used
Photo resistance or photodiode can be embedded in the column in photo resistance or photodiode, specific implementation process
On the upper top surface of housing, make photo resistance or photodiode and upper either flush.
The monitoring device also includes CCD elements, flash lamp, instruction control unit, A/D converter and signal processor
Part.As shown in figure 4, wherein described CCD elements 7 and the flash lamp 8 have fixing card of different shapes to be fixed on the column shell
The inner side of body windward side 1, the length of the CCD elements 7 and the flash lamp 8 is identical with the length of transparent window 6.
The CCD elements, flash lamp, instruction control unit, A/D converter and signal processor are according to as shown in Figure 5
Structure chart is connected, and the instruction control unit is connected with the light-sensitive device, flash lamp and CCD elements respectively, the A/D converter
It is connected respectively with the CCD elements and the signal processor.Wherein, the signal processor includes wave filter and signal
Amplifier.The monitoring device is connected by the instruction control unit and the signal processor with external data collector.
When the monitoring device provided with the present embodiment carries out earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitoring, the instruction control unit receives number
The set of time instruction provided according to collector, by time signaling shown in instruction, control CCD elements 7 will pass through transparent window
The optical signal of entrance changes into analog electrical signal, the data signal obtained by A/D converter, enters by signal processor
Filtering and enhanced processing, are recently entered among data acquisition unit.Light-sensitive device is used for perceiving the power of ambient, works as light
When weaker or night, light-sensitive device passes the signal along to instruction control unit, and instruction control unit is received after the signal, in control
Flash lamp 8 is synchronously opened during 7 timing scan of CCD elements processed and carries out light compensation, scanned rear closing flash lamp；Conversely, working as
When light is stronger, then flash lamp is not opened.
Wherein, the principle that the data signal that the data acquisition unit is collected calculates earth's surface erosion product change is as follows：
Data acquisition unit collects the gray level image outside the glass surface windward that obtained data signal perceives for CCD elements, ground
Table position is the maximum position of the image pixel gray level value changes.It can calculate grey on vertical direction using equation below
The relative change rate of angle value：
Wherein, i represents the ordinal number of vertical direction pixel, γi+1Represent gray value between ith pixel and i+1 pixel
Rate of change, giRepresent the gray value of ith pixel, gmaxRepresent the maximum gradation value of all pixels, gminRepresent in all pixels
Minimum gradation value.
During measurement, need to calibrate and record the valid pixel corresponding ground that CCD elements are measured elemental height scope and its
Corresponding left and right side high scale scope, records initial landscape position height location of pixels corresponding with initial landscape position.
During calculating, γ maximum is searched out, the boundary position between its respective pixel i+1 and i is wind-driven sediment mistake
The height of earth's surface in journey.
In the wild during actual measurement, the dust storm earth's surface is first lost into product dynamic monitor and is vertically embedded in sand, need to only be exposed
Half of windward side transparent window or so, treats that earth's surface is restored (i.e. the connection such as earth's surface sand ripple is coherent) because of stream activity
Afterwards, seclected time starts measurement.The scale value that earth's surface corresponds on left and right side when record measurement starts, in order to calibrate CCD
The result of element measurement.
In order to be easy to stationary monitoring device, described device can set up bottom tray, and the cylindrical shell is vertically arranged
Above the bottom tray.
A kind of dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor that the present embodiment is provided, is primarily adapted for use in prevailing wind direction more single bright
The aobvious significant area of stream activity carries out continuous uninterrupted and is arbitrarily designated earth's surface erosion product change under time interval length
Automatic monitoring, is observed simultaneously using multiple monitoring devices, is conducive to becoming different terrain and the earth's surface of landforms position erosion product
Change process is monitored research.And in addition to measurement earth's surface erosion product dynamic, moreover it is possible to lose the dynamic change of product according to earth's surface, be used for
Calculate earth's surface wind erosion quantity, the size of earth's surface sand ripple and the speed of movement.Apparatus of the present invention principle is simple, easy to use, and prison
The precision of survey is significantly lifted than ever, has good application and promotion prospect in scientific research and engineering.
Although being described in conjunction with the accompanying embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can not depart from this hair
Various modifications and variations are made in the case of bright spirit and scope, such modifications and variations are each fallen within by appended claims
Within limited range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of dust storm earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitor, it is characterised in that described device includes：Cylindrical shell, light-sensitive device,
CCD elements, flash lamp, instruction control unit and A/D converter；
The cylindrical shell is closing housing, and the housing is in axial direction provided with a bar shaped transparent window；
The light-sensitive device is arranged at the outside of the case top；The CCD elements and the flash lamp are arranged at described
The inner side of the housing at bright window, and it is identical with the transparent window length；The instruction control unit and A/D converter
It is arranged at the enclosure interior；
The instruction control unit is connected with the light-sensitive device, flash lamp and CCD elements respectively, the A/D converter with it is described
CCD elements are connected；
Described device also includes signal processor, and the signal processor is connected with the A/D converter, the monitoring dress
Put and be connected by the instruction control unit and the signal processor with external data collector；
When carrying out earth's surface erosion product dynamic monitoring with the monitoring device, the data acquisition unit outside the instruction control unit receiving
The set of time instruction of offer, by time signaling shown in instruction, control CCD elements believe the light entered by transparent window
Number analog electrical signal is changed into, the data signal obtained by A/D converter, the signal processor includes wave filter and letter
Number amplifier so that data signal is filtered and amplified by signal processor, is recently entered among data acquisition unit；
Wherein, the principle that the data signal that data acquisition unit is collected calculates earth's surface erosion product change is as follows：
Data acquisition unit collects the gray level image outside the glass surface windward that obtained data signal perceives for CCD elements；
The relative change rate of gray value on vertical direction is calculated using formula (one)：
Wherein, i represents the ordinal number of vertical direction pixel, γi+1Represent gray-value variation between ith pixel and i+1 pixel
Rate, giRepresent the gray value of ith pixel, gmaxRepresent the maximum gradation value of all pixels, gminRepresent in all pixels most
Small gray value；
γ is obtained according to formula (one)i+1Maximum, the boundary position between its respective pixel i+1 and i is wind-driven sediment mistake
The height of earth's surface in journey；
In measurement, the dust storm earth's surface is first lost into product dynamic monitor and is vertically embedded in sand, and exposes windward side transparent window
Half, after earth's surface because of stream activity after restoring, seclected time starts measurement, and calibration and record CCD elements are measured
The elemental height scope and meter full scale of the valid pixel corresponding ground obtained, record initial landscape position height and initially epitope
Put corresponding location of pixels.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cylindrical shell includes windward side, wake flow face, left side
Face, right flank and upper top surface and bottom surface；
The windward side is the less semicircle cambered surface of radius, and the wake flow face is larger half of the radius relative with the windward side
Arc surface, the left surface, right flank and upper top surface and bottom surface are plane.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the transparent window is arranged on the windward side.
4. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transparent window both sides are provided with graduated scale.
5. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the light-sensitive device is photoresistance cell or photoelectricity two
Pole pipe.
6. the device according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that the transparent window is clear glass.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the clear glass is transparent tempering anti scuffing glass.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described device also includes bottom tray, the cylindrical shell
It is vertically installed in above the bottom tray.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108487760A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-04 | 合肥云智物联科技有限公司 | Based on the windy and sandy area of power engineering line bar protective device and its control method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114923424B (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-05-16 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Automatic monitoring device and method for wind erosion and wind accumulation of sand dunes |
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| CN202485631U (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2012-10-10 | 上海科鑫电液控制设备有限公司 | Detection device based on CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) image sensor |
| CN104154865A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-19 | 沈阳工业大学 | Soil mass displacement monitoring and collecting device and method based on laboratory experimental environment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005167874A (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-23 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Solid state imaging element and image signal processing unit |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2788150Y (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2006-06-14 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Wind corrosion measurer |
| CN102565301A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-07-11 | 北京北林绿源生态技术研究院有限责任公司 | Quick monitoring method for soil erosion rate |
| CN202485631U (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2012-10-10 | 上海科鑫电液控制设备有限公司 | Detection device based on CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) image sensor |
| CN104154865A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-19 | 沈阳工业大学 | Soil mass displacement monitoring and collecting device and method based on laboratory experimental environment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108487760A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-04 | 合肥云智物联科技有限公司 | Based on the windy and sandy area of power engineering line bar protective device and its control method |
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