CN101266258A - Turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate measuring method and the measuring device - Google Patents
Turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate measuring method and the measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for measuring the low concentration sludge settling rate at turbulent motion. The image of sludge is processed to obtain sludge measuring data. The image acquiring device is connected with the measuring computer by the data line. The measuring computer comprises: an image acquiring module, an image processing module and an image measuring module. The image measuring module operates based on the acquired data from the image processing module to obtain the data of the tested sludge and comprises a sludge grain size measuring sub-module for calculating the average diameter of the sludge image based on the acquired sludge image from the image processing module to calculate the real average diameter of the sludge image based on the scaling proportion; a sludge settling rate measuring sub-module for calculating the rate of the sludge on the image based on the two frame image obtained from the processing module and calculating the real sludge settling rate based on the scaling proportion. The invention has features: high precision of measuring result, quick measurment, easy usage and automatization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method and device of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate, thereby especially refer to a kind of apparatus and method of obtaining the mud survey data by the image of handling mud, be used for test, the daily monitoring of sludge of sewage treatment plant settling property, the research of sludge settling process water dynamic experiment chamber of all kinds of sludge settlement rates and shape size size, and aspects such as the assessment of the local sludgd deposition of all kinds of water processing reactor and early warning.
Background technology
At present, precipitation mainly can be divided into coagulant precipitation, free setting, flocculating setting and regional subsidence etc.Under hydrostatic condition, coagulant precipitation is drawn the relation curve of turbidity and dosage by test, and calculates water sample velocity gradient g and the GT in the whipping process at a slow speed; The free setting test is carried out in pipe, draws the whole settling process of P-v curve description of suspended substance removal percentage P and heavy fast v; Flocculating setting is then removed the percentage isoline by the floc particle precipitation test and is expressed; Regional subsidence is obtained by the empirical relationship of criticizing sedimentation experiment or sludge settling property index S VI, DSVI (diluted SVI), SSVI (stirred SVI), mainly be to measure muddy liquid level of mud and sludge settling time relation curve under the different initial concentration conditions, determine that on this basis the sludge settlement rate all kinds of model parameters relevant with various mud and initial concentration thereof obtain, as: Vesilind formula, Cho formula and other experiences or semiempirical sedimentation formula.Because the way that all kinds of sedimentations are all needed to draw subsidence curve by test is studied at present, obtain heavy speed indirectly from the acquisition correlation parameter, can't directly obtain mud shape size and movable information in the settling process, process of the test complexity when practice, reduce measuring accuracy, also wasted great amount of manpower and time simultaneously; And the above-mentioned all kinds of researchs that are deposited under the moving water condition do not form the test method of generally acknowledging so far as yet, and all kinds of subsidence curves that the method that has occurred also is based under the hydrostatic condition are revised.
People in process of production, the image of object is obtained in utilization, the image of handling object then obtains the survey data of object, can improve efficiency of measurement greatly like this, as Chinese patent ZL02139916.6, promptly be the size of measuring object by image method, yet, this system only is applicable to the measurement of macro object size, can't measure the such small objects of similar mud.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of measuring method and device of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate, obtain the survey data of mud by the image of handling mud, can measure the subsidence rate and the shape size of all kinds of mud under the different hydraulics, have the precision height, analyze advantage fast.
To achieve these goals, the measuring method of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate provided by the invention includes the following step: (a) image capture step, obtain the image of tested mud in the settling leg; (b) image processing step becomes computing machine can discern the form of processing the video conversion of tested mud, and according to the image size of the physical size of settling leg and this settling leg calculate measure in used conversion scale; (c) radiographic measurement step, measure image to obtain the data of tested mud, this radiographic measurement step comprises: mud grain diameter measurement step, measure mud in the mud image mean grain size, to calculate the actual average particle diameter of measured mud according to conversion scale, this mud grain diameter measurement steps in sequence comprises the following step: the binary conversion treatment step, the mud image that obtains is carried out binary conversion treatment; The object tag step is carried out object tag with each the mud particle in the image; Calculate the particle diameter step, calculate the particle diameter of each mud particle in the image,, calculate the actual average particle diameter of mud according to conversion scale to calculate the mean grain size of mud in the image; The sludge settlement rate measuring process, choose two adjacent frame mud images, the subsidence rate of this mud particle is calculated in relative displacement in two frame images according to same mud particle, to calculate the speed of mud motion on image, and calculate the actual subsidence rate of mud by conversion scale, this sludge settlement rate measuring process comprises the following step successively: divide the region of search step, obtain adjacent two frame images, in the first frame image, divide subwindow f, and in the second frame image, be that the region of search is divided at the center with f; Particle coupling calculation procedure is mated calculating to the particle in the region of search, to find out the mud particle in the first frame subwindow f in the second frame image; Calculate the subsidence rate step of particle,, calculate the two-dimentional speed of particle in image, converse the subsidence rate of mud under the physical condition by the weighted mean value of particle vertical velocity according to the relative displacement of the mud particle among minute subwindow f in two frame images.
Above-mentioned image processing step also includes and is used for raw video is strengthened step with denoising.
The image that the measurement mechanism of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate provided by the invention comprises the mud transparent vessel that is used for the tested dirt of splendid attire and is used to obtain the image of tested mud obtains equipment, the image that is obtained is sent to metering computer through data line, this metering computer comprises: image acquisition module is used for pick-up image and obtains the mud image that equipment obtains and the image of standard size object; Image processing module, be used to handle the image of mud to obtain the needed basic document of this mud of measurement, be provided with the ratiometric conversion submodule in this image processing module, be used for calculating the used conversion scale of measurement according to the physical size of standard size object and the image size of this object; The radiographic measurement module, the data that is used for obtaining according to image processing module is carried out computing, to obtain the data of tested mud, this radiographic measurement module is measured submodule by mud grain diameter measurement submodule and sludge settlement rate and is constituted, wherein, mud grain diameter measurement submodule is used for the mud image that obtains according to image processing module, calculate the mean grain size of mud image, to calculate the actual average particle diameter of measured mud according to conversion scale, this mud grain diameter measurement submodule is provided with mud image binary conversion treatment submodule, object tag submodule and mud grain diameter measurement submodule constitute, wherein, the mud image that mud image binary conversion treatment submodule is used for image processing module is obtained carries out binary conversion treatment, to extract the information of mud; Described object tag submodule is used for adding up the number of mud image mud particle; Described mud grain diameter measurement submodule is used for calculating the actual average particle diameter of mud according to conversion scale by calculating the area of each mud pixel; The two frame images that described sludge settlement rate measurement submodule is used for obtaining according to image processing module carry out computing, calculate the speed of mud motion on image, and calculate the actual subsidence rate of mud by conversion scale, this sludge settlement rate is measured submodule and is provided with and divides zoning submodule, search submodule and calculating sub module and constitute, and described division zoning submodule is used for dividing subwindow f and being that the region of search is divided at the center with f in the second frame image at the first frame image; Described search submodule is used for finding out mud particle in the first frame subwindow f at the second frame image; Described calculating sub module is used for the relative displacement of mud particle in two frame images according to minute subwindow f, calculates the two-dimentional speed of particle in image, is conversed the subsidence rate of mud under the physical condition by the weighted mean value of particle vertical velocity.。
Be provided with in the above-mentioned image acquisition module submodule is set, the time shutter, frame transfer time, resolution, image collection mode and the storage format that are used for equipment that described image is obtained are provided with.
Above-mentioned image processing module also is provided with image to be strengthened and the denoising submodule, is used for that image is obtained the raw video that equipment obtains and strengthens and denoising, to improve the quality of image, increases signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Above-mentioned metering computer also includes sludge settlement rate formula computing module, is used for according to the resulting sludge settlement rate of described sludge settlement rate calculating sub module, and the tie water mechanics parameter calculates the subsidence rate formula.
Above-mentioned measurement mechanism also is provided with luminaire, be used to produce the planar light of passing described transparent vessel longitudinal profile, this luminaire is made up of laser instrument and lens, laser instrument and lens are positioned on the same horizontal line, and this laser instrument and lens are installed on the chassis through laser stent and lens carrier respectively; And when described image obtained equipment and obtains the image of mud, it is parallel with planar light that described image obtains the picture plane of equipment.
Above-mentioned transparent vessel is cylindrical, is provided with teeter column at the center of this transparent vessel, and the middle part of this teeter column is a cavity, and the end face of cavity is provided with water injection hole and drain hole, and the upper end of described teeter column is stretched out transparent vessel and linked to each other with the output shaft of buncher.
Beneficial effect:
(1) measuring method of the turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate that adopts of the present invention and install the restriction that is not subjected to hydraulics and mud classification, need not to draw the curve relevant with sedimentation, directly obtain mud physical aspect size and subsidence rate, therefore, measurement result accurately and reliably;
(2) measuring method of the turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate that adopts of the present invention and install not interference flowing field is not destroyed mud original form and structure, the transient changing of real-time follow-up mud structure and motion, measuring accuracy height;
(3) the present invention has realized the measuring process robotization, need not the professional and waits for.
In a word, the measuring method of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate of the present invention and device have measurement result precision height, measure the advantage of quick, easy to use and robotization simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of luminaire 101 in the measurement mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of transparent vessel 208 in the measurement mechanism of the present invention and stirring apparatus;
Fig. 3 obtains the structural representation of equipment 103 for image in the measurement mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of metering computer 105 in the measurement mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the software architecture figure of sludge settlement rate test macro of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the program flow diagram of sludge settlement rate test macro in the invention process, includes mud grain diameter measurement step and sludge settlement rate measuring process;
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of mud grain diameter measurement step among Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram of sludge settlement rate measuring process among Fig. 6.
Embodiment
Further the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, be measurement mechanism structural representation of the present invention.In the present embodiment, measurement mechanism is by luminaire 101, transparent vessel 208, image obtains equipment 103 and metering computer 105 constitutes, luminaire 101 is used to produce the planar light of passing the transparent vessel longitudinal profile, form by laser instrument 201 and cylindrical lens 202, laser instrument 201 and cylindrical lens 202 are positioned on the same horizontal line, this laser instrument 201 and cylindrical lens 202 are installed on the chassis 205 through laser stent 203 and lens carrier 204 respectively, " dovetail groove " governor motion all is installed on laser stent 203 and the lens carrier 204, be used to realize laser instrument 201 and lens 202 three-dimensional translatings, laser instrument 201 is provided with roller bearing and rotates with 360 degree of realizing laser instrument 201, and carries out the light path fine setting by spiral; Transparent vessel 208 is used for the tested mud of splendid attire, this transparent vessel 208 adopts the settling leg that meets the requirement of international standard assay method, be provided with teeter column 207 at the center of this settling leg 208, the middle part of this teeter column 207 is a cavity, the end face of cavity is provided with water injection hole and drain hole, during test, after band mud is packed in the settling leg, just be suspended in the mud by water injection hole water filling in settling leg up to teeter column 207, like this, can guarantee that teeter column 207 all the time freely and stable rotation, the upper end of described teeter column 207 is stretched out settling leg 208 and is linked to each other with the output shaft of buncher 206, buncher 206 is the digital intelligent buncher, and regularly constant speed is rotated; Image obtains equipment 103 and is the UC3000 of Daheng of the high-speed camera Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the image that is used to obtain tested mud transfers to metering computer 105 by data line.
As shown in Figure 5, be the software architecture figure of sludge settlement rate test macro of the present invention.In the present embodiment, constitute by image acquisition module 300, image processing module 302, radiographic measurement module 305 and the sludge settlement rate formula calculating sub module 314 of planting in metering computer 105.Image acquisition module 301, be used for pick-up image and obtain the mud image that equipment obtains and the image of standard size object, comprise submodule 301 is set that the time shutter, frame transfer time, resolution, image collection mode and the storage format that are used for equipment that image is obtained are provided with.Adopt settling leg as the standard size object among the present invention, settling leg physical size and the ratio of the image size of settling leg be used conversion scale in the measurement.
The image that image processing module 302 is used to handle mud is to obtain the needed basic document of this mud of measurement, and it includes ratiometric conversion submodule 306 and image strengthens and denoising submodule 304.Ratiometric conversion submodule 306 is used for calculating the used conversion scale of measurement according to the image size of the physical size of standard size object and this object; Image strengthens and to be used for that with denoising submodule 304 image is obtained the raw video that equipment obtains and to strengthen and denoising, to improve the quality of image, increases signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Sludge settlement rate formula calculating sub module 314 is used for calculating the subsidence rate formula according to resulting sludge settlement rate of described sludge settlement rate calculating sub module and hydraulic parameter, and hydraulic parameter is generated automatically by the revolution of input drive motor.
As Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8, process flow diagram for the measuring method of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate of the present invention, at first, in step 401, by time shutter, frame transfer time, resolution, image collection mode and the storage format that the staff obtains equipment by submodule 301 setting of image are set, system will finish the collection and the preservation of image automatically according to the condition that is provided with.In step 402, obtain the image that equipment obtains tested mud and column precipitator simultaneously by image.In step 403,302 pairs of images that obtained of image processing module are handled, and through handling, improve the quality of image, increase signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), and obtain the required conversion scale of radiographic measurement.In step 404, import sludge types by the user, low concentration flocculence mud or solid granulates shape mud, in step 405, measure the particle diameter of mud by mud grain diameter measurement submodule 306, as shown in Figure 7, in this step by binary conversion treatment step 501, object tag step 502, calculating the grating step 504 of particle diameter step 503 and output particle diameter forms, binary conversion treatment step 501 is used for the mud image is carried out binary conversion treatment, binary conversion treatment step 501 concrete steps are: the grey level histogram that at first calculates the gained image, count the pairing number of pixels of different gray scales, calculating with the number of pixels is the weighted mean gray scale g1 of weights again, is the boundary then with g1, calculates [0, g1] and [g1,255] weighted mean gray scale g2 and the g3 in the scope gets (g2+g3)/2 again and is final threshold value, at last with gray-scale value greater than the pixel of this threshold value as foreground pixel, less than the pixel of this threshold value pixel as a setting, and carry out binary conversion treatment; Object tag step 502 is used for each mud particle of image is carried out object tag, be specially and adopt 4 mode of communicating label particles, connectedness according to mathematical morphology, the pixel region of each connection is done mark, a connected region is designated as an object, each object is carried out record successively, and rreturn value is through mark matrix behind the mark and the maximal value in the element thereof; Calculate the particle diameter that particle diameter step 503 is used for calculating each mud particle of image, to calculate the mean grain size of mud in the image, calculate the step of the actual average particle diameter of mud according to conversion scale, be specially that to adopt the area extraction method to draw the image intermediate value be 1 the total number of pixel, as particle area s, regard particle as circle, adopt formula
(d
i 0-particle diameter; S-particle area) calculates equivalent diameter (is unit with the pixel),, calculate the actual diameter d of particle then according to conversion scale
i, count the grating of particle diameter, and by formula
(the mean grain size of d-particle; d
iThe diameter of-individual particle; N
i-particle diameter is d
iThe shared number percent of particle) calculate mean grain size; The grating step 504 of output particle diameter is used to count the grating of particle diameter and show on computers.
In step 408, measure the subsidence rate that submodule 310 calculates mud by subsidence rate, as shown in Figure 8, this step is made up of pick out and the step 604 of interpolation and the step 605 of demonstration and output of the step 601 of division region of search, the step 602 that the particle coupling is calculated, the subsidence rate step 603 of calculating particle, mistake vector, the step 601 of dividing the region of search is used to obtain adjacent two frame images, in the first frame image, divide subwindow f and in the second frame image, be that the region of search is divided at the center, adopt formula with f:
The normalized related coefficient; The step 602 that particle coupling is calculated is used for finding out mud particle in the first frame subwindow f at the second frame image, concrete steps are: establishing the maximum moving distance of particle on adjacent two two field pictures is L pixel size, when then carrying out the particle coupling, with the reference windows centre coordinate is that center and 2L are the formation region of search, rectangular area of the length of side, and L is determined by following formula:
L＝L
*+ε
Wherein, L
*Be the maximum displacement in the preceding Displacements Distribution of once extracting, ε is an a small amount of, and general value is ± 3 pixels, calculates the position of second frame particle coupling then according to standardized correlation coefficients, further tries to achieve the flow velocity of the two dimension of particle; The subsidence rate step 603 of calculating particle is used for the relative displacement of mud particle in two frame images according to minute subwindow f, the two-dimentional speed of calculating particle in image is conversed the subsidence rate of mud under the physical condition by the weighted mean value of particle vertical velocity; The step 604 of picking out with interpolation of mistake vector is used for deletion mistake vector and interpolation, to improve the degree of accuracy of speed; The step 605 that shows and export is used for the output speed polar plot.In step 410, import the revolution of drive motor by the user, in step 411, system generates the hydraulic parameter (speed, tubulence energy, turbulence dissipative shock wave etc.) under the tested condition automatically, in step 412, sludge settlement rate formula calculating sub module 314 is calculated the subsidence rate formula according to resulting sludge settlement rate of sludge settlement rate calculating sub module and hydraulic parameter.
Following mask body is set forth the step of utilizing this device to measure sludge settlement rate:
1. sample preparation.
If discrete particulate form mud, the settling leg of then directly can packing into is measured, if low concentration flocculence mud in order to make the image definition that obtains, can be measured low concentration flocculence mud dyeing back earlier.
2. erecting device.
Installation luminaire 101, settling leg 208, image obtain equipment 103 and metering computer 105, install and determine whether to start stirring apparatus according to the research needs, if hydrostatic sedimentation experiment, close buncher 206 during use, if experiment falls in moving depositing in water, open buncher 206 during use, stirrer 207 can freely be rotated in settling leg by setting revolution.
3. measure.
(1) opens laser instrument, regulate planar light and produce system, make planar light pass the maximum longitudinal profile of settling leg; Set up video camera, make it parallel with planar light as the plane.
(2) open video camera and computing machine, on the software control platform, obtain distinct image.
(3) click " setting " option under " shooting " catalogue, time shutter, frame transfer time, resolution, image acquisition mode and the storage format of video camera is provided with; Click " shooting " under this catalogue, system will finish the collection and the preservation of image automatically according to the condition that is provided with.
(4) read the original image that collects, click " Flame Image Process " program, original image is carried out denoising and enhancing, click " demarcation ", gather " demarcation " image, system draws conversion scale.
(5) click " granularmetric analysis " program, calculating the place different size grading and the mean grain sizes of flocculence mud constantly.
(6) click " subsidence rate " program, calculate the speed of mud motion on image, and draw the amplification coefficient of system, converse actual sludge settlement rate by uncalibrated image.
(7) click " hydraulics " program, the drive motor revolution of stirrer is set in the dialog box that ejects, click " calculating " of dialog box below, hydraulic parameter (speed under the corresponding heavy speed of system-computed output and preservation, tubulence energy, turbulence dissipative shock wave etc.), change the revolution of stirrer in the turbulent fluctuation trigger, repeating step (2)～(4), heavy speed and hydraulic parameter analysis and the calculating of system to being preserved, find the solution relevant parameter, output subsidence rate formula, as shown in table 1 is when the approaching alternative mud of polystyrene particle of mud density is tested in employing and the water treatment system, the test results under the different stirring revolutions:
The test result of table 1 under difference stirring revolution
Calculate and export subsidence rate formula under the moving water condition by sludge settlement rate formula calculating sub module 314:
v
zs＝f(I，d)c(ρ
P)
mexp(-nX
P)
Wherein (I d) is the modifying factor of particle diameter effect and turbulence influence, ρ to f
PBe mud density, unit (Kg/L), c and m are the sedimentation parameter.
Claims (8)
1. the measuring method of a turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate comprises:
(a) image capture step is obtained the image of tested mud in the settling leg;
(b) image processing step becomes computing machine can discern the form of processing the video conversion of tested mud, and according to the image size of the physical size of settling leg and this settling leg calculate measure in used conversion scale;
(c) radiographic measurement step is measured image to obtain the data of tested mud;
It is characterized in that described radiographic measurement step comprises:
Mud grain diameter measurement step (405), measure mud in the mud image mean grain size, to calculate the actual average particle diameter of measured mud according to conversion scale, this mud grain diameter measurement steps in sequence comprises the following step:
Binary conversion treatment step (501) is carried out binary conversion treatment to the mud image that obtains;
Object tag step (502) is carried out object tag with each the mud particle in the image;
Calculate particle diameter step (503), calculate the particle diameter of each mud particle in the image,, calculate the actual average particle diameter of mud according to conversion scale to calculate the mean grain size of mud in the image;
Sludge settlement rate measuring process (408), choose two adjacent frame mud images, the subsidence rate of this mud particle is calculated in relative displacement in two frame images according to same mud particle, to calculate the speed of mud motion on image, and calculate the actual subsidence rate of mud by conversion scale, this sludge settlement rate measuring process comprises the following step successively:
Divide region of search step (601), obtain adjacent two frame images, in the first frame image, divide subwindow f, and in the second frame image, be that the region of search is divided at the center with f;
Particle coupling calculation procedure (602) is mated calculating to the particle in the region of search, to find out the mud particle in the first frame subwindow f in the second frame image;
Calculate the subsidence rate step (603) of particle, according to the relative displacement of the mud particle among minute subwindow f in two frame images, the two-dimentional speed of calculating particle in image is conversed the subsidence rate of mud under the physical condition by the weighted mean value of particle vertical velocity.
2. the measuring method of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate according to claim 1 is characterized in that described image processing step (403) also includes and is used for raw video is strengthened step with denoising.
3. the measurement mechanism of a turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate comprises:
Transparent vessel (208) is used for the tested mud of splendid attire;
Image obtains equipment (103), is used to obtain the image of tested mud and standard size object;
Metering computer (105) is obtained equipment (103) by data line and image and is connected, and is used for the image of executive routine with the tested mud of analyzing and processing, thereby obtains the survey data of mud, and this metering computer (105) comprises:
Image acquisition module (300) is used for pick-up image and obtains the mud image that equipment (103) obtained and the image of standard size object;
Image processing module (302), be used to handle the image of mud to obtain the needed basic document of this mud of measurement, be provided with ratiometric conversion submodule (303) in this image processing module (302), be used for calculating the used conversion scale of measurement according to the physical size of standard size object and the image size of this object;
Radiographic measurement module (305) is used for carrying out computing according to the data that image processing module (302) is obtained, to obtain the data of tested mud;
It is characterized in that:
Described radiographic measurement module (305) comprises:
Mud grain diameter measurement submodule (306), be used for the mud image that obtained according to image processing module (302), calculate the mean grain size of mud image, to calculate the actual average particle diameter of measured mud according to conversion scale, this mud grain diameter measurement submodule (306) is provided with mud image binary conversion treatment submodule (307), object tag submodule (308) and mud grain diameter measurement submodule (309) constitute, wherein, the mud image that mud image binary conversion treatment submodule (307) is used for image processing module is obtained carries out binary conversion treatment, to extract the information of mud; Described object tag submodule (308) is used for adding up the number of mud image mud particle; Described mud grain diameter measurement submodule (309) is used for calculating the actual average particle diameter of mud according to conversion scale by calculating the area of each mud pixel;
Sludge settlement rate is measured submodule (310), be used for carrying out computing according to the two frame images that image processing module (302) is obtained, calculate the speed of mud motion on image, and calculate the actual subsidence rate of mud by conversion scale, this sludge settlement rate is measured submodule (310) and is provided with and divides zoning submodule (311), search submodule (312) and calculating sub module (313) and constitute, and described division zoning submodule (311) is used for dividing subwindow f and being division region of search, center with f in the second frame image at the first frame image; Described search submodule (312) is used for finding out mud particle in the first frame subwindow f at the second frame image; Described calculating sub module (313) is used for the relative displacement of mud particle in two frame images according to minute subwindow f, calculates the two-dimentional speed of particle in image, is conversed the subsidence rate of mud under the physical condition by the weighted mean value of particle vertical velocity.
4. the measurement mechanism of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: be provided with in the described image acquisition module (300) submodule (301) is set, the time shutter, frame transfer time, resolution, image collection mode and the storage format that are used for described image is obtained equipment (103) are provided with.
5. the measurement mechanism of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described image processing module (302) also is provided with image to be strengthened and denoising submodule (304), being used for that image is obtained the raw video that equipment (103) obtained strengthens and denoising, to improve the quality of image, increase signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
6. the measurement mechanism of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described metering computer (105) also includes sludge settlement rate formula computing module (314), be used for according to the resulting sludge settlement rate of described sludge settlement rate calculating sub module (310), the tie water mechanics parameter calculates the subsidence rate formula.
7. the measurement mechanism of turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described measurement mechanism also is provided with luminaire (101), be used for producing the planar light of passing described transparent vessel (208) longitudinal profile, this luminaire (101) is made up of laser instrument (201) and lens (202), laser instrument (201) and lens (202) are positioned on the same horizontal line, and this laser instrument (201) and lens (202) are installed on the chassis (205) through laser stent (203) and lens carrier (204) respectively; And when described image obtained equipment (103) and obtains the image of mud, it is parallel with planar light that described image obtains the picture plane of equipment (103).
8. according to the measurement mechanism of claim 3 or 7 described turbulence condition low concentration sludge settlement rates, it is characterized in that: described transparent vessel (208) is for cylindrical, be provided with teeter column (207) at the center of this transparent vessel (208), the middle part of this teeter column (207) is a cavity, the end face of cavity is provided with water injection hole and drain hole, and the upper end of described teeter column (207) is stretched out transparent vessel (208) and linked to each other with the output shaft of buncher (206).
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