CN104565230B - 混合电动车辆的变速系统 - Google Patents

混合电动车辆的变速系统 Download PDF

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CN104565230B
CN104565230B CN201410167894.3A CN201410167894A CN104565230B CN 104565230 B CN104565230 B CN 104565230B CN 201410167894 A CN201410167894 A CN 201410167894A CN 104565230 B CN104565230 B CN 104565230B
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gear
axle
hollow shaft
generator
motor
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CN104565230A (zh
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安哲民
金锡俊
边成昆
金泰贤
金伯猷
徐范周
李在宪
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/0006—Vibration-damping or noise reducing means specially adapted for gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19014—Plural prime movers selectively coupled to common output

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

一种混合电动车辆的变速系统，可以包括：第一轴，第一中空轴，第二中空轴，第二轴，离合器，第一电动机/发电机以及第二电动机/发电机，其中，所述第一轴连接到发动机；所述第一中空轴设置成与所述第一轴没有旋转干扰，选择性地连接到所述第一轴，并且设置有第一输出齿轮；所述第二中空轴设置成与所述第一中空轴没有旋转干扰，并且设置有第二输出齿轮；所述第二轴设置成与所述第一轴平行，并且通过齿轮单元连接到所述第一轴；所述离合器选择性地将所述第一轴连接到所述第一中空轴；所述第一电动机/发电机可操作地连接到所述第二中空轴；所述第二电动机/发电机可操作地连接到所述第二轴。

Description

混合电动车辆的变速系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2013年10月28日提交的韩国专利申请第10-2013-0128689号的优先权，该申请的全部内容结合于此，用于通过该引用的所有目的。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合电动车辆的变速系统。更具体而言，本发明涉及一种混合电动车辆的变速系统，其能够实现电动车辆(EV)模式、连续模式以及包括直接联接的并行模式。
背景技术
通常，混合动力车辆为有效地使用两个不同的动力源的车辆。这样的混合电动车辆典型地使用发动机和电动机/发电机。混合电动车辆使用具有相对更好的低速扭矩特征的电动机/发电机作为低速下的主动力源，并且使用具有相对更好的高速扭矩特征的发动机作为高速下的主动力源。由于混合电动车辆停止利用石化燃料的发动机的操作，并且在低速区域处使用电动机/发电机，所以可以改进燃料消耗并且可以减少废气。
混合电动车辆的动力变速系统分为单模式类型和多模式类型。
用于换档控制的诸如离合器和制动器的扭矩传递装置是不必要的，但是燃料消耗由于高速区域处的效率变差而较高，并且需要额外的扭矩倍增设备来应用于根据单模式类型的大型车辆。
由于多模式类型在高速区域效率高，并且能够自发地倍增扭矩，所以多模式类型能够应用于全尺寸车辆。因此，采用多模式类型而非单模式类型作为混合电动车辆的动力变速系统，并且多模式类型也处于持续的研究之下。
多模式类型的动力变速系统包括多个行星齿轮组、作为电动机和/或发电机操作的多个电动机/发电机、控制行星齿轮组的旋转元件的多个扭矩传递装置、以及用作电动机/发电机的动力源的电池。
多模式类型的动力变速系统根据行星齿轮组、电动机/发电机以及扭矩传递装置的连接而具有不同的操作机构。此外，多模式类型的动力变速系统根据行星齿轮组、电动机/发电机以及扭矩传递装置的连接而具有不同的特征，例如耐用性、动力传递效率和尺寸。因此，用于混合动力车辆的动力变速系统的连接结构也处于持续的研究中，以便实现没有动力损失的稳健并紧凑的动力变速系统。
公开于本发明背景部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明已经致力于提供一种混合电动车辆的变速系统，其具有这样的优点，即通过在第一轴上设置两个电动机/发电机和一个离合器而实现EV模式、连续模式以及包括直接联接(direct-coupling)的并行模式。
此外，本发明已经致力于提供一种混合电动车辆的变速系统，其具有这样的进一步的优点，即由于在行驶时在并行模式下不使用离合器的结果而提高燃料经济性。
此外，本发明已经致力于提供一种混合电动车辆的变速系统，其具有这样的进一步的优点，即由于通过增加包括直接联接的并行模式而使得连续模式在高速区域不是必须的，因此降低了用于驱动的电动机/发电机的容量并且提高了燃料经济性。
此外，本发明已经致力于提供一种混合电动车辆的变速系统，其具有这样的进一步的优点，即通过在第二轴上设置用于发电的电动机/发电机并且在通过去除行星齿轮组而确保的空间内设置离合器来缩短变速系统的长度。
根据本发明的各个方面的混合电动车辆的变速系统，可以包括第一轴，第一中空轴，第二中空轴，第二轴，离合器，第一电动机/发电机以及第二电动机/发电机，其中，所述第一轴连接到发动机；所述第一中空轴设置成与所述第一轴没有旋转干扰，选择性地连接到所述第一轴，并且设置有第一输出齿轮；所述第二中空轴设置成与所述第一中空轴没有旋转干扰，并且设置有第二输出齿轮；所述第二轴设置成与所述第一轴平行，并且通过齿轮单元连接到所述第一轴；所述离合器选择性地将所述第一轴连接到所述第一中空轴；所述第一电动机/发电机可操作地连接到所述第二中空轴；所述第二电动机/发电机可操作地连接到所述第二轴。
所述变速系统可以进一步包括将所述第一中空轴或所述第二中空轴的扭矩传递至差动装置的减速齿轮单元。所述减速齿轮单元可以包括中间轴，第一中间齿轮，第二中间齿轮以及驱动齿轮，其中，所述中间轴设置在所述第一轴和差动装置之间，并且与所述第一轴平行；所述第一中间齿轮设置在中间轴上，并且与第一输出齿轮接合；所述第二中间齿轮设置在中间轴上，并且与第二输出齿轮接合；所述驱动齿轮设置在所述中间轴上，并且与所述差动装置的最终减速齿轮接合。
所述齿轮单元可以包括第一外啮齿轮以及第二外啮齿轮，其中，所述第一外啮齿轮设置在所述第一轴上；所述第二外啮齿轮设置在所述第二轴上，并且与所述第一外啮齿轮接合。所述离合器可以设置在所述第一轴和所述第一中空轴之间。所述变速系统可以进一步包括设置在所述发动机和所述第一轴之间的减震器。
根据本发明的各个其他方面的混合电动车辆的变速系统可以包括第一轴，第一中空轴，第二中空轴，第二轴，第一输出齿轮和第二输出齿轮，齿轮单元，离合器，第一电动机/发电机以及第二电动机/发电机，其中，所述第一轴连接到发动机；所述第一中空轴设置成与所述第一轴没有旋转干扰，并且选择性地连接到所述第一轴；所述第二中空轴设置成与所述第一中空轴没有旋转干扰；所述第二轴与所述第一轴平行地设置；所述第一输出齿轮和第二输出齿轮分别设置在所述第一中空轴和所述第二中空轴上，并且分别输出所述第一中空轴和所述第二中空轴的扭矩；所述齿轮单元设置在所述第一轴和所述第二轴之间，并且在所述第一轴和所述第二轴之间传递扭矩；所述离合器选择性地将所述第一轴连接到所述第一中空轴；所述第一电动机/发电机可操作地连接到所述第二中空轴；所述第二电动机/发电机可操作地连接到所述第二轴。
所述变速系统可以进一步包括将所述第一中空轴或所述第二中空轴的扭矩传递至差动装置的减速齿轮单元。所述减速齿轮单元可以包括中间轴，第一中间齿轮，第二中间齿轮以及驱动齿轮，其中，所述中间轴设置在所述第一轴和差动装置之间，并且与所述第一轴平行；所述第一中间齿轮设置在中间轴上，并且与第一输出齿轮接合；所述第二中间齿轮设置在中间轴上，并且与第二输出齿轮接合；所述驱动齿轮设置在所述中间轴上，并且与所述差动装置的最终减速齿轮接合。
所述齿轮单元可以包括第一外啮齿轮以及第二外啮齿轮，其中，所述第一外啮齿轮设置在所述第一轴上；所述第二外啮齿轮设置在所述第二轴上，并且与所述第一外啮齿轮接合。所述离合器可以设置在所述第一轴和所述第一中空轴之间。所述变速系统可以进一步包括设置在所述发动机和所述第一轴之间的减震器。
根据本发明的还有的各个其他方面的混合电动车辆的变速系统可以包括第一轴，第一中空轴，第二中空轴，第二轴，第一输出齿轮和第二输出齿轮，齿轮单元，离合器，第一电动机/发电机，第二电动机/发电机以及减速齿轮单元，其中，所述第一轴连接到发动机；所述第一中空轴设置成与所述第一轴没有旋转干扰，并且选择性地连接到所述第一轴；所述第二中空轴设置成与所述第一中空轴没有旋转干扰；所述第二轴与所述第一轴平行地设置；所述第一输出齿轮和第二输出齿轮分别设置在所述第一中空轴和所述第二中空轴上，并且分别输出所述第一中空轴和所述第二中空轴的扭矩；所述齿轮单元设置在所述第一轴和所述第二轴之间，并且在所述第一轴和所述第二轴之间传递扭矩；所述离合器设置在所述第一轴和所述第一中空轴之间；所述第一电动机/发电机可操作地连接到所述第二中空轴；所述第二电动机/发电机可操作地连接到所述第二轴；所述减速齿轮单元将所述第一中空轴或所述第二中空轴的扭矩传递至差动装置。
所述齿轮单元可以包括第一外啮齿轮以及第二外啮齿轮，其中，所述第一外啮齿轮设置在所述第一轴上；所述第二外啮齿轮设置在所述第二轴上，并且与所述第一外啮齿轮接合。所述减速齿轮单元可以包括中间轴，第一中间齿轮，第二中间齿轮以及驱动齿轮，其中，所述中间轴设置在所述第一轴和差动装置之间，并且与所述第一轴平行；所述第一中间齿轮设置在中间轴上，并且与第一输出齿轮接合；所述第二中间齿轮设置在中间轴上，并且与第二输出齿轮接合；所述驱动齿轮设置在所述中间轴上，并且与所述差动装置的最终减速齿轮接合。所述变速系统可以进一步包括设置在所述发动机和所述第一轴之间的减震器。
本发明的方法和装置具有其他的特性和优点，这些特性和优点从并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式中将是显而易见的，或者将在并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式中进行详细陈述，这些附图和具体实施方式共同用于解释本发明的特定原理。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的混合电动车辆的示例性变速系统的示意图。
图2为应用于根据本发明的混合电动车辆的示例性变速系统的在每个模式下的摩擦元件的操作图。
图3为用于示出在根据本发明的混合电动车辆的示例性变速系统的在EV模式下的动力流的示意图。
图4为用于示出在根据本发明的混合电动车辆的示例性变速系统的在连续模式下的动力流的示意图。
图5为用于示出在根据本发明的混合电动车辆的示例性变速系统的在直接联接的并行模式下的动力流的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将具体参考本发明的各个实施方案，在附图中和以下的描述中示出了这些实施方案的实例。虽然本发明与示例性实施方案相结合进行描述，但是应当了解，本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为那些示例性实施方案。相反，本发明旨在不但覆盖这些示例性实施方案，而且覆盖可以被包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种替换、修改、等效形式以及其它实施方案。
对于解释本示例性实施方案并不必要的部件的描述将被略去，并且在本说明书中同样的构成元件由同样的附图标记表示。在具体描述中，使用序数区别具有相同术语而不具有特定含义的构成元件。
图1为根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合电动车辆的变速系统的示意图。参照图1，根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合电动车辆的变速系统根据车辆的运行状态改变发动机ENG以及第一电动机/发电机MG1和第二电动机/发电机MG2的扭矩，并且通过第一输出齿轮OG1和第二输出齿轮OG2输出改变的扭矩。
变速系统包括第一轴10、第一中空轴11和第二中空轴12、第一电动机/发电机MG1和第二电动机/发电机MG2、第二轴20、离合器CL以及减速齿轮单元CGU。
第一轴10的一侧连接到发动机ENG的输出侧，使得第一轴10接收发动机驱动扭矩。在本发明的一些实施方案中，用于吸收扭转冲击的减震器DP设置在发动机ENG的输出侧和第一轴10的一侧之间。
此外，第一中空轴11和第二中空轴12设置在第一轴10的径向外侧。第一轴10以及第一中空轴11和第二中空轴12如此布置，以使在第一轴10以及第一中空轴11和第二中空轴12之间不发生旋转干扰。
第一输出齿轮OG1安装在第一中空轴11的端部，并且第二输出齿轮OG2安装在第二中空轴12的端部。此外，第一输出齿轮OG1和第二输出齿轮OG2以预先确定的距离轴向地间隔开，并且第一输出齿轮OG1的直径相对地大于第二输出齿轮OG2的直径。
第一电动机/发电机MG1和第二电动机/发电机MG2是独立的动力源，并且作为电动机和发电机进行操作。第一电动机/发电机MG1包括第一转子RT1和第一定子ST1。第一转子RT1连接到第二中空轴12并且第一定子ST1固定至变速器壳体H，使得第一电动机/发电机MG1作为用于驱动车辆的电动机。
第二电动机/发电机MG2包括第二转子RT2和第二定子ST2。第二转子RT2连接到第二轴20的侧面，并且第二定子ST2固定至变速器壳体H，使得第二电动机/发电机MG2用作发电机。
第二轴20与第一轴10平行或大体上平行设置并与第一轴10分开设置，第二轴20通过齿轮单元可操作地连接到第一轴10。因此，第二轴20接收来自第一轴10的扭矩，或者将扭矩传递至第一轴10。
在本文中，齿轮单元包括安装在第一轴10的另一侧的第一外啮齿轮TG1，以及安装在第二轴20的另一侧并且与第一外啮齿轮TG1接合的第二外啮齿轮TG2。
此外，离合器CL适配成传递扭矩并且设置在第一轴10和第二轴20之间形成的空间内。离合器CL设置在第一轴10和第一中空轴11之间，并且选择性地将第一轴10与第一中空轴11连接。如果操作离合器CL，则第一轴10和第一中空轴11得以连接，使得发动机ENG的旋转速度得以直接地输入至第一输出齿轮OG1。离合器CL可以为通过液压操作的常规湿式多盘摩擦元件，并且选择性的将旋转元件与另一个旋转元件连接。
此外，第一输出齿轮OG1和第二输出齿轮OG2通过减速齿轮单元CGU连接到差动装置DIFF的最终减速齿轮FG。减速齿轮单元CGU降低第一输出齿轮OG1和第二输出齿轮OG2的旋转速度，并且将降低的旋转速度传递至最终减速齿轮FG。
减速齿轮单元CGU包括中间轴CS，中间轴CS在第一轴10与差动装置DIFF之间与第一轴10平行或大体平行设置。此外，减速齿轮单元CGU进一步包括设置在中间轴CS上并且与第一输出齿轮OG1接合的第一中间齿轮CG1，设置在中间轴CS上并与第二输出齿轮OG2接合的第二中间齿轮CG2，以及设置在中间轴CS上并与差动装置DIFF的最终减速齿轮FG接合的驱动齿轮DG。第一中间齿轮CG1、第二中间齿轮CG2和驱动齿轮DG按驱动齿轮DG、第一中间齿轮CG1和第二中间齿轮CG2的顺序进行设置。
由于第一中间齿轮CG1和第二中间齿轮CG2的直径大于驱动齿轮DG的直径，因此减速齿轮单元CGU降低第一输出齿轮OG1和第二输出齿轮OG2的旋转速度，并且将降低的旋转速度传递至最终减速齿轮FG。从而驱动驱动轮30。
根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合动力车辆的变速系统包括将第一电动机/发电机MG1的驱动扭矩传递至驱动轮30以便使车辆运行的动力传输路径，以及将发动机ENG的驱动扭矩传递至驱动轮30以便使车辆运行的动力传输路径。因此，变速系统通过使用两个动力传输路径的任意一个或两个动力传输路径来使车辆运行。
此处，如果发动机ENG的驱动扭矩传递至驱动轮30，则离合器CL得以操作以便将第一轴10与第一中空轴11连接。
图2为应用于根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合电动车辆的变速系统的在每个模式下的摩擦元件的操作图。参照图2，根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合动力车辆的变速系统能够实现EV模式、连续模式以及包括直接联接的并行模式。
也即，在EV模式和连续模式下释放离合器CL，并且在直接联接的并行模式下操作离合器CL。此时，能够在直接联接的并行模式下根据与第一输出齿轮OG1接合的减速齿轮单元CGU的第一中间齿轮CG1和驱动齿轮DG的传动比实现亚速传动(under drive，缩写ud)、直接联接传动和超速传动(over drive，缩写od)。
下面，将参照图3至图5描述在根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合动力车辆的变速系统内在每个模式下的扭矩流。
图3为用于示出在根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合动力车辆的变速系统中的在EV模式下的动力流的示意图。参照图3，在EV模式下释放离合器CL。
在EV模式下，发动机ENG停止，并且第一电动机/发电机MG1的驱动扭矩通过第二中空轴12、第二输出齿轮OG2、第二中间齿轮CG2、中间轴CS和驱动齿轮DG传递至差动装置DIFF的最终减速齿轮FG。在该过程中，第一电动机/发电机MG1的旋转速度降低。也即，在EV模式下驱动轮30由第一电动机/发电机MG1的驱动扭矩来驱动。因此，可以通过控制第一电动机/发电机MG1的旋转速度来实现电连续可变换档。
图4为用于示出在根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合动力车辆的变速系统中的在连续模式下的动力流的示意图。参照图4，在连续模式下释放离合器CL。
如果发动机ENG在EV模式下起动，则实现连续模式。在连续模式下，发动机ENG的驱动扭矩通过第一轴10和第二轴20传递至第二电动机/发电机MG2。在该过程中，发动机ENG的旋转速度提高。此外，在连续模式下，通过第二电动机/发电机MG2产生的电得以供应至第一电动机/发电机MG1作为驱动动力。
此时，发动机ENG由第二电动机/发电机MG2起动。也即，即使操作发动机ENG，发动机ENG的驱动扭矩也不直接地传递至驱动轮30，而是传递至第二电动机/发电机MG2，使得第二电动机/发电机MG2产生电。
同时，操作第二电动机/发电机MG2，使得在发动机ENG得以起动时，第二电动机/发电机MG2的驱动扭矩通过在第二轴20上的第二外啮齿轮TG2、在第一轴10上的第一外啮齿轮TG1以及第一轴10传递至发动机ENG。因此，实现了发动机ENG的起动。在该过程中，第二电动机/发电机MG2的旋转速度降低。
在发动机ENG起动后，第二电动机/发电机MG2并不通过发动机ENG的扭矩来操作并产生电。
与EV模式相同，在连续模式下，第一电动机/发电机MG1的驱动扭矩通过第二中空轴12、第二输出齿轮OG2、第二中间齿轮CG2、中间轴CS和驱动齿轮DG传递至差动装置DIFF的最终减速齿轮FG。在该过程中，第一电动机/发电机MG1的旋转速度降低。也即，在连续模式下驱动轮30由第一电动机/发电机MG1的驱动扭矩来驱动。此外，可以通过控制第一电动机/发电机MG1的旋转速度来实现电连续可变换档。
此时，第一电动机/发电机MG1使用由第二电动机/发电机MG2产生的电来作为驱动动力。此外，剩余的电在电池中进行充电。
图5为用于示出在根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合动力车辆的变速系统中的在直接联接的并行模式下的动力流的示意图。参照图5，在直接联接的并行模式下操作离合器CL。
在直接联接的并行模式下，发动机ENG的扭矩用作主动力，并且第一电动机/发电机MG1的扭矩用作辅助动力。也即，发动机ENG的扭矩得以作为主动力通过离合器CL的操作经由第一轴10供应至第一输出齿轮OG1，并且第一电动机/发电机MG1的扭矩传递至第二输出齿轮OG2作为辅助动力。
此时，发动机ENG的扭矩的一部分可以涉及到第二电动机/发电机MG2的发电。在直接联接的并行模式下，可以通过经由第一轴10和第一中空轴11传递至第一输出齿轮OG1的发动机ENG的扭矩以及经由第二中空轴12传递至第二输出齿轮OG2的第一电动机/发电机MG1的扭矩来实现电连续可变换档。
如上所述，输入至第一输出齿轮OG1和第二输出齿轮OG2的发动机ENG和第一电动机/发电机MG1的扭矩经由第一中间齿轮CG1、第二中间齿轮CG2和驱动齿轮DG传递至差动装置DIFF的最终减速齿轮FG。也即，在直接联接的并行模式下，驱动轮30由发动机ENG和第一电动机/发电机MG1的驱动扭矩来驱动。
如上所述，在根据本发明的各个实施方案的混合动力车辆的变速系统中，所有发动机ENG、第一电动机/发电机MG1和第二电动机/发电机MG2都能够产生驱动扭矩，第二电动机/发电机MG2能够通过使用发动机ENG的扭矩产生电，并且在车辆中所需要的连续传动比能够通过第一电动机/发电机MG1的控制来形成。因此可以提高燃料经济性。
也即，能够通过在第一轴10上设置两个电动机/发电机MG1和MG2以及一个离合器CL来实现EV模式、连续模式以及包括直接联接的并行模式。此外，由于在除了并行模式下的其它模式下不使用离合器，因此应用至离合器的操作压力能够得以最小化并可以提高燃料经济性。此外，由于直接联接得以增加至并行模式中，因此可以提高燃料经济性，并且可以降低第一电动机/发电机MG1的容量。此外，由于用于产生电的第二电动机/发电机MG2设置在第二轴20上，并且离合器CL设置在通过去除行星齿轮组而获得的空间内，因此可以缩短变速系统的长度。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想穷尽本发明，或者将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式，并且很显然，根据上述教导，可以进行很多改变和变化。选择示例性实施方案并进行描述是为了解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的其它技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种示例性实施方案及其不同选择形式和修改形式。本发明的范围意在由所附的权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。

Claims (3)

1.一种混合电动车辆的变速系统，包括：
第一轴，所述第一轴连接到发动机；
第一中空轴，所述第一中空轴围绕所述第一轴并且与所述第一轴没有旋转干扰，通过离合器选择性地连接到所述第一轴，并且在第一中空轴上固定地设置有第一输出齿轮；
第二中空轴，所述第二中空轴围绕所述第一中空轴并且与所述第一中空轴没有旋转干扰，并且在第二中空轴上固定地设置有第二输出齿轮；
第二轴，所述第二轴设置成与所述第一轴平行，并且通过齿轮单元连接到所述第一轴；
第一电动机/发电机，所述第一电动机/发电机的转子直接地连接到所述第二中空轴；以及
第二电动机/发电机，所述第二电动机/发电机的转子直接地连接到所述第二轴；
进一步包括将所述第一中空轴或所述第二中空轴的扭矩传递至差动装置的减速齿轮单元；
其中，所述减速齿轮单元包括：
中间轴，所述中间轴设置在所述第一轴和所述差动装置之间，并且与所述第一轴平行；
第一中间齿轮，所述第一中间齿轮设置在所述中间轴上，并且与所述第一输出齿轮接合；
第二中间齿轮，所述第二中间齿轮设置在所述中间轴上，并且与所述第二输出齿轮接合；以及
驱动齿轮，所述驱动齿轮设置在所述中间轴上，并且与所述差动装置的最终减速齿轮接合；
所述齿轮单元包括：
第一外啮齿轮，所述第一外啮齿轮设置在所述第一轴上；以及
第二外啮齿轮，所述第二外啮齿轮设置在所述第二轴上，并且与所述第一外啮齿轮接合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合电动车辆的变速系统，其中，所述离合器设置在所述第一轴和所述第一中空轴之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合电动车辆的变速系统，进一步包括设置在所述发动机和所述第一轴之间的减震器。
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