CN104563061B - A kind of ecological revetment structure and bank protection method - Google Patents
A kind of ecological revetment structure and bank protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104563061B CN104563061B CN201410828798.9A CN201410828798A CN104563061B CN 104563061 B CN104563061 B CN 104563061B CN 201410828798 A CN201410828798 A CN 201410828798A CN 104563061 B CN104563061 B CN 104563061B
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- bed mud
- ecology bag
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- adsorption filtration
- bank
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/128—Coherent linings made on the spot, e.g. cast in situ, extruded on the spot
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological revetment structure and bank protection method, described bank protection structure includes along the domatic adsorption filtration layer arranged from bottom to top of bank revetment foundation and bed mud ecology bag layer, described adsorption filtration layer is the layer structure that graded gravel, zeolite and flyash are laid, the top of described adsorption filtration layer is also equipped with three-dimension vegetative net, described bed mud ecology bag layer is piled up by the ecology bag of inside filling bed mud with fine sand and is formed, and described ecology bag is planted and is implanted with plant.Bed mud after the desilting of lake, river is carried out local use by the present invention, plant pollutant and Eutrophication materials to bed mud further by layer-stepping bank protection structure and vegetation and carry out absorbing and filtering, do not only reach the innoxious utilization of resources of bed mud, and avoid the wastings of resources such as the planting soil needed for shore protection is built, and saved the cost of bed mud transport, define structure attractive in appearance stable, the ecological revetment that ecological effect is prominent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Shore protection design and the construction applications of a kind of river course, lake and other water bodys,
Particularly relate to a kind of ecological revetment structure and bank protection method, particularly relate in water body treating engineering
A kind of environmental Water bank protection structure utilizing riverbed sludge to build and bank protection method.
Background technology
In Hu Deng waters, river, a large amount of alluvials of bed mud have a strong impact on regulating and storing of flood control, shipping and water body
Function.And along with substantial amounts of pollutant is enriched with in bed mud, when water environment is disturbed, the end
Partial contamination thing in mud can return to aqueous phase from deposit.Bed mud becomes that water bodies of rivers and lakes pollutes
Individual important pollution sources, the impact on waters has persistence.Therefore, Sediment Dredging is river, city
Most efficient method in lake regulation and sediment pollution control.But the bed mud after Shu Jun often contains greatly
Amount toxic heavy metal and other organic pollutions, store up and need to take a large amount of soil, and rainfall and
Surface erosion can cause the pollutant in bed mud to flow down with footpath oozing or side is oozed, water environment is caused two
Secondary pollution.In transportation, bed mud the most easily pollutes environment, and freight charges are higher.
On the other hand, bed mud also contains the materials such as N, P needed for a large amount of plant growth, if
Recycling is carried out so that it is turn waste into wealth, be possible not only to by after Dredged bed mud harmless treatment
Solve the regulation problem of bed mud, it is also possible to produce certain economic benefit, environmental dredging can be made again
Move towards the road of sustainable development.
And in lake, river is built, shore protection ecology represents the developing direction of shore protection technology.Ecological
The shore protection mode of channelization, hardening abandoned by shore protection, utilizes plant or plant and building work
Journey combines, and protects lake, river is domatic, pursues the natural feature form in waters and naturally breaks
Face form, keeps river to interpenetrate with soil, strengthens the ability of the river self-purification, reach have life
The shore protection form of state function and natural landscape effect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for the problems referred to above, propose a kind of ecological revetment structure and shore protection side
Method, to carry out ecological revetment construction by the bed mud after the desilting of lake, river as embankment material.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of ecological revetment structure, described shore protection is tied
Structure includes along the domatic adsorption filtration layer arranged from bottom to top of bank revetment foundation and bed mud ecology bag layer,
Described adsorption filtration layer is the layer structure that graded gravel, zeolite and flyash are laid,
The top of described adsorption filtration layer is also equipped with three-dimension vegetative net, and described bed mud ecology bag layer is by interior
Portion fills the ecology bag of bed mud and fine sand and piles up formation, described ecology bag is planted and is implanted with heavy metal and surpasses
Concentration type plant and landscape plant.
Preferably, described bed mud ecology bag layer with the vertical height ratio of described adsorption filtration layer is
1:1～3:2.
Preferably, the thickness of described adsorption filtration layer is 10～30cm, the grain of described graded gravel
Footpath is 2～15cm, and described sized zeolite particles is 1～5cm, and the particle diameter of described flyash is 0.5～1cm.
Preferably, described bank protection structure also includes the barricade being arranged on bank revetment foundation face toe,
Described barricade is higher than the bottom 30～50cm of described adsorption filtration layer, and described barricade is permeable
The stake of barricade, at least gabion box or deep water.
Preferably, described bank protection structure also includes being laid on described three-dimension vegetative net three-dimension vegetative net
Planting soil and the aquatic or hygrophyte that is planted in described planting soil.
Preferably, described bed mud is for through being dehydrated decrement and adding heavy metal chelant, curing agent
And heavy metal pollution microorganism carries out the river and lake dredging bed mud after harmless treatment.
Preferably, in described adsorption filtration layer, the ratio of graded gravel, zeolite and flyash is
6:2:2～4:3:3.
Preferably, in described ecology bag, the ratio of bed mud and fine sand is 1:1～2:1.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecological revetment method, described bank protection method bag
Include following steps:
A, river and lake dredging bed mud is carried out harmless treatment, and after the bed mud that will handle well is pulverized
After mixing with fine sand standby；
It is domatic that B, the height required according to Shore protection design and the gradient process bank revetment foundation；
C, graded gravel, zeolite and flyash are laid on described bank revetment foundation domatic on,
Form adsorption filtration layer, and laying three-dimension vegetative net be fixed on described adsorption filtration layer,
At described three-dimension vegetative net overlying planting soil and plant aquatic or hygrophyte；
D, bed mud pretreated in step A and fine sand are inserted in ecology bag, and by described
Ecology bag pile up the bank revetment foundation on described adsorption filtration layer domatic on, form bed mud ecological
Bag layer；
E, on described ecology bag, plant heavy metal super-enriched type plant and landscape plant, afterwards
Carry out General Maintenance.
Preferably, when the gradient that described bank revetment foundation is domatic is more than 45 °, described step B
It is additionally included in described bank revetment foundation face toe and barricade is set.
Based on technique scheme, the invention have the advantage that
Bed mud after the desilting of lake, river is carried out local use by the present invention, and it is carried out innoxious place
Be applied to after reason water bodies of rivers and lakes shore protection build, by layer-stepping bank protection structure and vegetation plant into
One step carries out absorbing and filtering to pollutant and the Eutrophication materials of bed mud, has not only reached bed mud
The innoxious utilization of resources, and avoid the wasting of resources such as planting soil needed for shore protection is built,
And saved the cost that bed mud transports, define structure attractive in appearance stable, the life that ecological effect is prominent
State shore protection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application
A part, the schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, not structure
Become inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is ecological bank protection structure vertical direction schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is ecological bank protection structure cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram；
Wherein, 1～bank revetment foundation；2～three-dimension vegetative net；3～adsorption filtration layer；4～bed mud ecological
Bag layer；5～ecology bag；6～heavy metal super-enriched type plant and landscape plant；7～barricade.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme is done and further retouches in detail
State.
Embodiment 1
The invention provides a kind of ecological revetment structure, described bank protection structure includes along bank revetment foundation
Adsorption filtration layer 3 and the bed mud ecology bag layer 4 that domatic 1 is arranged from bottom to top.Described bed mud is raw
State bag layer 4 can be adjusted according to shore protection height with the vertical height of adsorption filtration layer 3.Preferably
Ground, described bed mud ecology bag layer may be configured as with the vertical height ratio of described adsorption filtration layer
1:1～3:2.
The ecology bag 5 that described bed mud ecology bag layer 4 is filled bed mud and fine sand by inside piles up shape
Becoming, described ecology bag 5 is planted and is implanted with plant 6, described plant 6 is planted for heavy metal super-enriched type
Thing and other landscape plant.Described bed mud ecology bag layer 4 uses the environment-friendly type life of the not permeable soil that seeps water
State bag 5, is linked together by tight lock construction, forms flexible stabilization shore protection after multilayer is piled up
Structure.Described ecology bag 5 be a kind of be the sack that raw material is made by polypropylene or polyester fiber,
Usually, the specification of described ecology bag 5 is 815 × 440mm, by planting at ecology bag
On 5, root system can enter ground basic unit by ecology bag 5 and reach reinforced action, is formed stable
Shore protection body.
Filler in described ecology bag 5 is to be dehydrated the Sediments pulverized with fine sand according to volume ratio
The planting soil being mixed to form for the ratio of 1:1～2:1.Preferably, described bed mud is for through dehydration
Decrement is also added the microorganism of heavy metal chelant, curing agent and degradable heavy metal pollution and is entered
River and lake dredging bed mud after row harmless treatment.Sediments is because of containing heavy metal, before use
Need to add heavy metal chelant, curing agent and the microorganism of degradable heavy metal pollution, it is right to play
The absorption of heavy metal chelating, solidification and microorganism in bed mud or biological oxidation, reduction,
Thus reducing rate travel and the toxic action of heavy metal ion, it is to avoid rainfall or the water yield are bigger
Time bring heavy metal into water body, prevent contaminant water environment.
Further, described ecology bag 5 is planted and is implanted with heavy metal-polluted soil super enrichment type plant 6, as
Vetiver, ciliate desert-grass, squama sedge, Indian mustard etc..Additionally, for ensureing landscape effect, can
Configure other view shrubs etc..By the chelating of chemical method and solidification, microorganism adsorption and
Nutrition and Metabolism etc. plants enriched, bed mud nutrient acts on, thus weakens heavy metal, N, P
Deng the material pollution to water body.
For prevent heavy metal contaminants in bed mud ecology bag layer 4 and N, P etc. ooze out on a small quantity or
Running off and enter water body, polluted water resources, in the lower section of described ecology bag layer 4 near the portion of the water surface
Set up separately and put adsorption filtration layer 3.Described adsorption filtration layer 3 is graded gravel, zeolite and fine coal
The layer structure that ash is laid, the top of described adsorption filtration layer 3 is also equipped with three-dimensional vegetation
Net 2.Preferably, graded gravel, zeolite and the ratio of flyash in described adsorption filtration layer 3
Example is 6:2:2～4:3:3.
Further, the particle diameter of described graded gravel is 2cm～15cm, and sized zeolite particles is
1cm～5cm, the particle diameter of flyash is 0.5cm～1cm.This layer thickness can be carried out according to the gradient etc.
A series of adjustment, typically may be configured as 10cm～30cm.Described graded gravel, zeolite, fine coal
Ash can effectively adsorb and filter in ecology bag 5 bed mud because of on rain drop erosion, pouring maintenance or water level
The heavy metal that rises and dissolve, the pollutant such as N, P.Wherein, graded gravel can stablize this layer of knot
Structure also plays the effect of adsorption filtration；Zeolite is stronger to the suction-operated of Nitrogen In Sediment；Flyash
In addition to Phosphate Sorption, also the heavy metal in water body can be played good suction-operated, thus
Essentially eliminate the bed mud pollution to water body in shore protection.
Described adsorption filtration layer 3 also can arrange skeleton structure, stablize sloping bank, fix and adsorbed
Mixture in filtering layer 3.For obtaining more preferable effect, it is preferable that described bank protection structure also wraps
Include and be laid on the planting soil of described three-dimension vegetative net 2 and be planted in having in described planting soil
Function For Purifying Water and the aquatic or hygrophyte of landscape effect, again to the pollutant in bed mud
Carry out absorption cleaning.By graded gravel, zeolite, the adsorption filtration of flyash and hygrophyte
Double purified effect, it is possible to effectively eliminate the harmful substance pollution to water body.
Do not glide, especially because of the gradient of current scour or steeper for fixing described adsorption filtration layer 3
It, can be domatic at described bank revetment foundation when the gradient of described bank revetment foundation domatic 1 is more than 45 °
Arranging barricade 7 bottom 1, described barricade 7 is higher than the bottom 30～50cm of described adsorption filtration layer 3,
And described barricade 7 is the barricade with pervious function, such as: gabion box or deep water stake etc..This
Bed mud after the desilting of lake, river is carried out local use by invention, and should after it is carried out harmless treatment
Shore protection for water bodies of rivers and lakes is built, and further by layer-stepping bank protection structure and vegetation plantation
Pollutant and Eutrophication materials to bed mud carry out absorbing and filtering, have not only reached the nothing of bed mud
The evilization utilization of resources, and avoid the wastings of resources such as the planting soil needed for shore protection is built, and save
About the cost of bed mud transport, defines structure attractive in appearance stable, and the prominent ecology of ecological effect is protected
Bank.
Embodiment 2
The present invention also provides for a kind of ecological revetment method, and described bank protection method includes walking as follows
Rapid:
A, river and lake dredging bed mud is carried out harmless treatment, and after the bed mud that will handle well is pulverized
After mixing with fine sand standby.Specifically, river and lake dredging bed mud processes through dehydration minimizing on the spot
After, interpolation heavy metal chelant, curing agent, the microorganism etc. of degradable heavy metal pollution are carried out
The pollutants such as the heavy metal in bed mud are carried out harmless treatment, the bed mud powder finally will handled well
Broken after mix according to the ratio that volume ratio is 1:1～2:1 with fine sand after standby.
B, the height required according to Shore protection design and the gradient process bank revetment foundation domatic 1, with full
Foot construction requirement.
C, graded gravel, zeolite and flyash are laid on described bank revetment foundation domatic 1,
Form adsorption filtration layer 3, and laying three-dimension vegetative net 2 is carried out on described adsorption filtration layer 3
Fixing.Specifically, in the scope of operation, graded gravel, zeolite, flyash, three are first laid
With volume ratio as 6:2:2～4:3:3 ratio be sufficiently mixed thing, if the gradient is more than 45 degree, can
Skeleton structure is set, the major ingredient in fixing described adsorption filtration layer 3.The grain of described graded gravel
Footpath is 2cm～15cm, and described sized zeolite particles is 1cm～5cm, and the particle diameter of described flyash is
0.5cm～1cm.This layer thickness can carry out a series of adjustment according to the gradient etc., typically may be configured as
10cm～30cm.Then on described adsorption filtration layer 3, lay three-dimension vegetative net 2 be fixed.
Finally, cover gardens loam about 2～10cm on three-dimension vegetative net surface, plantation Function For Purifying Water with
Aquatic or the hygrophyte of landscape effect.
D, bed mud pretreated in step A and fine sand are inserted in ecology bag 5, and by institute
State on the bank revetment foundation domatic 1 that ecology bag 5 is piled up on described adsorption filtration layer 3, formed
Bed mud ecology bag layer 4.Specifically, first, by aforementioned bed mud add heavy metal chelant,
Curing agent, heavy metal pollution microorganism, kind need to be determined according to heavy metal kind and content with dosage
Fixed.Then, by the bed mud processed and fine sand, ratio for 1:1～2:1 mixes dress by volume
Enter in ecology bag 5.Finally, lay specification in shore protection top area according to ecology bag shore protection to carry out
Multiple-level stack is also fixed, and forms stable flexible shore protection body.
E, on described ecology bag 5 planting plants 6, described plant 6 is heavy metal super-enriched
Type plant and other landscape plant, carry out General Maintenance afterwards.
Preferably, when the gradient of described bank revetment foundation domatic 1 is more than 45 °, described step B
It is additionally included in bottom described bank revetment foundation domatic 1 and barricade 7 is set.
Finally should be noted that: above example only in order to technical scheme to be described and
Non-to its restriction；Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, affiliated
The those of ordinary skill in field is it is understood that still can enter the detailed description of the invention of the present invention
Row is revised or portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent；Without deviating from technical solution of the present invention
Spirit, it all should be contained in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention is claimed.
Claims (8)
1. an ecological revetment structure, it is characterised in that: described bank protection structure includes along shore protection
The adsorption filtration layer (3) that basis domatic (1) is arranged from bottom to top and bed mud ecology bag layer (4),
Described adsorption filtration layer (3) is the stratiform knot that graded gravel, zeolite and flyash are laid
Structure, the top of described adsorption filtration layer (3) is also equipped with three-dimension vegetative net (2), the described end
Mud ecology bag layer (4) is piled up by the ecology bag (5) of inside filling bed mud with fine sand and is formed, institute
State upper kind of ecology bag (5) and be implanted with heavy metal super-enriched type plant and landscape plant (6), described
Bed mud ecology bag layer (4) is 1:1～3:2 with the vertical height ratio of described adsorption filtration layer (3),
In described adsorption filtration layer (3), the volume ratio of graded gravel, zeolite and flyash is
6:2:2～4:3:3.
Bank protection structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described adsorbed
The thickness of filtering layer (3) is 10～30cm, and the particle diameter of described graded gravel is 2～15cm, described
Sized zeolite particles is 1～5cm, and the particle diameter of described flyash is 0.5～1cm.
Bank protection structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described shore protection is tied
Structure also includes the barricade (7) being arranged on bank revetment foundation domatic (1) face toe, described barricade
(7) higher than the bottom 30～50cm of described adsorption filtration layer (3), and described barricade (7)
For the stake of permeable barricade, at least gabion box or deep water.
Bank protection structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described shore protection is tied
Structure also includes being laid on the planting soil of described three-dimension vegetative net (2) and being planted in described planting soil
In aquatic or hygrophyte.
Bank protection structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described bed mud is
Through and dehydration decrement and add heavy metal chelant, curing agent and heavy metal pollution microorganism
River and lake dredging bed mud after row harmless treatment.
Bank protection structure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described ecology bag
(5) interior bed mud is 1:1～2:1 with the volume ratio of fine sand.
7. an ecological revetment method, it is characterised in that: described bank protection method includes walking as follows
Rapid:
A, river and lake dredging bed mud is carried out harmless treatment, and after the bed mud that will handle well is pulverized
After mixing with fine sand standby；
B, the height required according to Shore protection design and the gradient process bank revetment foundation domatic (1)；
C, graded gravel, zeolite and flyash are laid on described bank revetment foundation domatic (1)
On, form adsorption filtration layer (3), and plant in the upper three-dimensional of laying of described adsorption filtration layer (3)
It is fixed by net (2), at described three-dimension vegetative net (2) overlying planting soil and plant aquatic
Or hygrophyte；
D, bed mud pretreated in step A and fine sand are inserted ecology bag (5) in, and
Described ecology bag (5) is piled up the bank revetment foundation on described adsorption filtration layer (3) domatic
(1), on, bed mud ecology bag layer (4) is formed；
E, plant heavy metal super-enriched type plant and landscape plant (6) described ecology bag (5) is upper,
Carry out General Maintenance afterwards.
Bank protection method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: when described shore protection
When the gradient on basis domatic (1) is more than 45 °, described step B is additionally included in described shore protection base
Plinth domatic (1) bottom arranges barricade (7).
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| CN105544461B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-04-20 | 北京东方园林生态股份有限公司 | A kind of purified water type ecological revetment cross flow system |
| CN105464050B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-08-21 | 天津大学 | Renewable filler-plant society formula irrigation canals and ditches-bank protection nitrogen phosphorus ecological intercepting system |
| CN105712596B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2019-06-11 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of in-situ remediation method of mining area basin heavy metal polluted bed mud |
| CN106522160A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-22 | 廊坊师范学院 | Construction method of revetment type ecological landscape |
| CN106884412A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-06-23 | 北京群祥兴新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of self-purification waterbody ecology soft structure bank protection and its construction |
| CN107487846B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-11-03 | 河海大学 | Ecological type hard revetment suitable for variable water level |
| CN107988993B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-08-09 | 中电建水环境治理技术有限公司 | River and lake and wetland mole formula protectiveness ecological dredging method |
| CN110016891A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2019-07-16 | 常州光标环保科技有限公司 | Revetment block structure for Treatment of Sludge |
| CN110029621A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2019-07-19 | 常州光标环保科技有限公司 | River bed sludge in-situ processing reuse method |
| CN108316243A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-24 | 安吉绿源生态科技有限公司 | Mountain bridge river technology |
| CN108307717A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-24 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | A kind of arid area vegetation implantation methods |
| CN108467168A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-08-31 | 山东绿之行环境工程有限公司 | A method of it being used for open Sediments biomass in-situ immobilization and utilizes |
| CN109328806A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | A kind of Tailings Dam ecological treatment method |
| CN109328680B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2021-06-08 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Soil ecological ditch construction method |
| CN111892275A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 天津大学 | Method for ecological bank protection after dehydration of eutrophic polluted bottom mud geotextile tube bags |
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| JP5660618B2 (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2015-01-28 | ケミカルグラウト株式会社 | Revetment reinforcement method |
| CN102921713B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-10-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Solidification and stabilization treatment process for heavy-metal polluted soil |
| CN103588362B (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | Composite vertical current constructed wetland system |
| CN103669282B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-05-11 | 东北师范大学 | A kind of method that riverbed sludge is processed on the spot |
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