CN104550874B - Manufacturing process of external chill with strong cooling effect for controlling casting solidification - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of external chill with strong cooling effect for controlling casting solidification Download PDFInfo
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- CN104550874B CN104550874B CN201510033399.8A CN201510033399A CN104550874B CN 104550874 B CN104550874 B CN 104550874B CN 201510033399 A CN201510033399 A CN 201510033399A CN 104550874 B CN104550874 B CN 104550874B
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- Prior art keywords
- chill
- melting
- low
- cavity
- point metal
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001584785 Anavitrinella pampinaria Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001883 metal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000406668 Loxodonta cyclotis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an external chilling block with a strong cooling effect for controlling the solidification of a casting, which comprises a chilling block matched with the casting, wherein a plurality of cavities are arranged in the chilling block, a low-melting-point metal with a melting point lower than that of the casting is arranged in the cavities, and plugs with a melting point similar to that of the chilling block are arranged at the ports of the cavities; a process for manufacturing an external chill with a strong cooling effect for controlling the solidification of castings, comprising the steps of: according to the production requirements of the casting, the number, size and thickness of external cooling iron are determined, the cooling iron is poured, a cavity is reserved or machined, a certain mass of low-melting-point metal is added into the cavity, a plug is plugged, and the cavity is sealed. The external cooling iron with the strong cooling effect and the manufacturing process thereof utilize the mode of the built-in low-melting-point metal, so that the built-in low-melting-point metal is melted and absorbs heat when the external cooling iron is rapidly heated, the heat absorption capacity of the external cooling iron is greatly enhanced, the cooling speed of the thick part of a casting is accelerated, and the phenomena of shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting solidification technical field, more particularly to a kind of control casting solidification with strong cooling effect
External chill and its manufacturing process.
Background technology
It is the Local cooling speed for increasing foundry goods in casting process, often lays metal derby in mold cavity surface.Generally adopt
The material same or like with casting material, prevents rising head to be difficult to the shrinkage cavity and porosity at the position of feeding, or improves foundry goods local
Metallographic structure and mechanical property.The thickness of generally external chill is bigger, and chilling action is stronger, and the half for typically taking thermal center diameter is made
For chill thickness, but when the big region thermal center of the thickness of foundry goods is very big, due to casting mold size or chill weight the problems such as, nothing
Method places corresponding thickness.
To solve such problem, in casting Technology Design, it has to place internal densener, internal densener is that metal is put into casting
In the die cavity of part, need specially treated.Meanwhile, to some heavy castings, due to moulding and cast interval time it is very long, chill table
Face is reacted with aqueous vapor in air and forms oxide layer, affects the quality of foundry goods.Now, either internal densener or external chill, its
Using being all also subject to certain restrictions.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind control casting solidification
The external chill with strong cooling effect and its manufacturing process.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：It is a kind of to control imitating with strong cooling for casting solidification
The external chill of fruit, including the chill matched with cast(ing) surface, is provided with some cavitys inside the chill, the cavity inside is provided with
Fusing point is less than the low-melting-point metal of foundry goods, and the fusing point of the low-melting-point metal is less than the fusing point of chill, the port of the cavity
It is provided with fusing point and the close stopper of chill.
Preferably, the cavity is shaped as cylinder or cuboid.
Preferably, the fusing point of the chill is close with the fusing point of foundry goods.
Using the manufacturing process of the external chill with strong cooling effect of above-mentioned control casting solidification, including following step
Suddenly：
1) according to the production requirement of foundry goods, it is determined that the quantity of cooling iron, size and thickness outward；
2) according to the size and thickness of outer cooling iron, using the material cast chill close with cast iron fusing point, pour in chill
During note, the cavity of respective volume is reserved；
3) after chill cooling, according to formula：
C1m1ΔT1＜ C2m2ΔT2+m2q1+m2q2The quality of required addition low-melting-point metal in cavity is calculated, wherein, C1
For the specific heat capacity of chill material, m1For the quality that re-entrant portion cools down iron, Δ T1To cool down maximum temperature when iron is incubated and cooling
The difference of iron initial temperature, C2For the specific heat capacity of low-melting-point metal, m2The quality of the low-melting-point metal to add, Δ T2For eutectic
The maximum temperature of point metal and the difference of cooling iron initial temperature, q1For the latent heat of fusion of low-melting-point metal, q2For low-melting-point metal
Evaporation latent heat；Then the low-melting-point metal of respective quality is injected to cavity inside；
4) after low-melting-point metal injection is finished, it is embedded in and stoppers stopper in the port of cavity so that cavities seals.
Specifically, step 3) in, maximum temperature of the iron in insulation is cooled down using the method for numerical simulation, it is first according to
Casting iron craft parameter simulation casting process, in relevant position virtual temperature point is arranged, so as to draw the highest that cooling iron can reach
Temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The external chill with strong cooling effect of the control casting solidification and its manufacturing process
Using the mode of built-in low-melting-point metal, when outside cooling iron is brought rapidly up so that built-in low-melting-point metal fusing is inhaled
Heat, greatly strengthen the heat absorption capacity of outer cooling iron, so as to accelerate the thick most cooling velocity of foundry goods, reduce shrinkage porosite,
The generation of shrinkage cavity phenomenon.
Description of the drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the external chill with strong cooling effect of the control casting solidification of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the A-A of Fig. 1 to sectional view；
In figure：1. chill, 2. cavity, 3. stopper.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation.These accompanying drawings are simplified schematic diagram, only with
The basic structure of the illustration explanation present invention, therefore it only shows the composition relevant with the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1-2, it is a kind of control casting solidification the external chill with strong cooling effect, including with cast(ing) surface
The chill 1 matched somebody with somebody, is provided with some cavitys 2 inside the chill 1, low melting point gold of the fusing point less than foundry goods is provided with inside the cavity 2
Category, the fusing point of the low-melting-point metal is less than the fusing point of chill 1, and it is close with chill that the port of the cavity 2 is provided with fusing point
Stopper 3.
Preferably, the cavity 2 is shaped as cylinder or cuboid.
Preferably, the fusing point of the chill 1 is close with the fusing point of foundry goods.
Using the manufacturing process of the external chill with strong cooling effect of above-mentioned control casting solidification, including following step
Suddenly：
1) according to the production requirement of foundry goods, it is determined that the quantity of cooling iron, size and thickness outward；
2) according to the size and thickness of outer cooling iron, using the material cast chill 1 close with cast iron fusing point, in chill 1
During cast, the cavity of respective volume is reserved；
3) after chill cooling, according to formula：
C1m1ΔT1＜ C2m2ΔT2+m2q1+m2q2The quality of required addition low-melting-point metal in cavity is calculated, wherein, C1
For the specific heat capacity of the material of chill 1, m1For the quality that the position of cavity 2 cools down iron, Δ T1For cool down iron be incubated when maximum temperature with it is cold
But the difference of iron initial temperature, C2For the specific heat capacity of low-melting-point metal, m2The quality of the low-melting-point metal to add, Δ T2For low
The maximum temperature of melting point metals and the difference for cooling down iron initial temperature, q1For the latent heat of fusion of low-melting-point metal, q2For low-melting-point metal
Evaporation latent heat；Then the low-melting-point metal of respective quality is injected to the inside of cavity 2；
4) after low-melting-point metal injection is finished, it is embedded in and stoppers stopper 3 in the port of cavity 2 so that cavity 2 is sealed.
Specifically, step 3) in, maximum temperature of the iron in insulation is cooled down using the method for numerical simulation, it is first according to casting
Iron process parameter simulation casting process, in relevant position virtual temperature point is arranged, so as to draw the highest temperature that cooling iron can reach
Degree.
Example one：
Certain Foundry Works's ash cylinder marine engine frame of ironware 6, the material for cooling down iron is gray iron, and size is 100mm*100mm*
80mm, about 6kg, using the method for numerical simulation, arrange virtual temperature point, and the maximum temperature for reaching for calculating chill is 1200
℃；To increase the heat absorption capacity of chill, the outer cooling iron of the low-melting-point metal that 1/3 volume is injected in inner chamber is used instead；
Former common gray iron cools down the absorbable heat of the part material of iron cavity 2：
Q1=C1m1ΔT1=600J.kg-1. DEG C -1 × 2kg × 1180 DEG C=1416kJ
Built-in low-melting-point metal such as can obtain strengthening the effect of heat absorption using Cu metals；
Cu fusion temperatures are 1083 DEG C, and evaporating temperature is higher than 1200 DEG C, then the Cu metals of 1/3 volume for adding are absorbable
Heat is：
Q2=C2m2ΔT2+m2q1=390J.kg-1. DEG C -1 × 2.3kg × 1180 DEG C+2.3kg × 2.04 × 105J.kg-1
=1527.66kJ
Q2-Q1=1527.66kJ-1416kJ=111.66kJ；
After using the new cooling iron of built-in Cu metals, than former cooling iron can many absorption 111.66kJ heat, increased
The heat absorption capacity of cooling iron.
Example two：
Certain Foundry Works's ash cylinder marine engine frame of ironware 6, the material for cooling down iron is gray iron, and size is 100mm*100mm*
80mm, about 6kg, using the method for numerical simulation, arrange virtual temperature point, and the maximum temperature for reaching for calculating chill is 1200
℃；To increase the heat absorption capacity of chill, the outer cooling iron of the low-melting-point metal that 1/3 volume is injected in inner chamber is used instead；
Former common gray iron cools down the absorbable heat of the part material of iron cavity 2：
Q1=C1m1ΔT1=600J.kg-1. DEG C -1 × 2kg × 1180 DEG C=1416kJ
Built-in low-melting-point metal such as also can obtain strengthening the effect of heat absorption using Zn metals；
Because the fusion temperature of Zn is 420 DEG C, evaporating temperature is 906 DEG C, then the latent heat of fusion and steaming are absorbed in insulating process
Send out latent heat.The absorbable heat of Zn metals of 1/3 volume for adding is：
Q2=C2m2ΔT2+m2q1+m2q2=380J.kg-1. DEG C-
1×1.9kg×1180℃+1.9kg×1.03×105J.kg-1+1.9
Kg × 1.79 × 106J.kg-1=4448.66kJ
Q2-Q1=4448.66kJ-1416kJ=3032.66kJ
After cooling iron using built-in Zn metals, than former cooling iron can many absorption 2445.02kJ heat, greatly increase
The heat absorption capacity of cooling iron.
Compared with prior art, the external chill with strong cooling effect of the control casting solidification and its manufacturing process are utilized
The mode of built-in low-melting-point metal, when outside cooling iron is brought rapidly up so that built-in low-melting-point metal fusing heat absorption, greatly
The heat absorption capacity of outer cooling iron is enhanced greatly, so as to accelerate the thick most cooling velocity of foundry goods, reduces shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity existing
The generation of elephant.
With the above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention as enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff is complete
Entirely various change and modification can be carried out in the range of without departing from this invention technological thought.The technology of this invention
Property scope is not limited to the content on specification, it is necessary to its technical scope is determined according to right.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of control casting solidification the external chill with strong cooling effect manufacturing process, control casting solidification with strong
The external chill of cooling effect includes the chill (1) matched with cast(ing) surface, and inside the chill (1) some cavitys (2), institute are provided with
State and low-melting-point metal of the fusing point less than foundry goods is provided with inside cavity (2), the fusing point of the low-melting-point metal is molten less than chill (1)
Point, the port of the cavity (2) is provided with stopper (3), it is characterised in that technique is comprised the following steps：
1) according to the production requirement of foundry goods, quantity, size and the thickness of external chill is determined；
2) according to the size and thickness of external chill, using material cast chill (1), during chill (1) is poured into a mould, phase is reserved
Answer the cavity (2) of volume；
3) after chill (1) cooling, according to formula：C1m1ΔT1＜ C2m2ΔT2+m2q1+m2q2Calculate required in cavity (2)
The quality of low-melting-point metal is added, wherein, C1For the specific heat capacity of chill (1) material, m1For the quality of cavity (2) position chill, Δ
T1The difference of maximum temperature and chill initial temperature when being incubated for chill, C2For the specific heat capacity of low-melting-point metal, m2For what is added
The quality of low-melting-point metal, Δ T2The difference of maximum temperature and chill initial temperature for low-melting-point metal, q1For low-melting-point metal
The latent heat of fusion, q2For the evaporation latent heat of low-melting-point metal；Then the low-melting-point metal of respective quality is injected to the inside of cavity (2)；
4) after low-melting-point metal injection is finished, it is embedded in and stoppers stopper (3) in the port of cavity (2) so that cavity (2) is close
Envelope.
2. the manufacturing process of the external chill with strong cooling effect of casting solidification, its feature are controlled as claimed in claim 1
It is, step 3) in, maximum temperature of the chill in insulation is first according to casting iron craft parameter mould using the method for numerical simulation
Intend casting process, virtual temperature point is set in relevant position, so as to draw the maximum temperature that chill can reach.
3. the manufacturing process of the external chill with strong cooling effect of casting solidification, its feature are controlled as claimed in claim 1
It is that the cavity (2) is shaped as cylinder or cuboid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510033399.8A CN104550874B (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2015-01-22 | Manufacturing process of external chill with strong cooling effect for controlling casting solidification |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510033399.8A CN104550874B (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2015-01-22 | Manufacturing process of external chill with strong cooling effect for controlling casting solidification |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104550874A CN104550874A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| CN104550874B true CN104550874B (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2360392A (en) * | 1942-12-21 | 1944-10-17 | Ohio Steel Foundry Co | External chill means for metal castings |
| CN201603855U (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-10-13 | 辽宁隆达集团百星达铸造有限责任公司 | Mosaic composite iron chill |
| CN102274942A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2011-12-14 | 江苏技术师范学院 | Indirect chilling block and processing and positioning methods thereof |
| CN203459647U (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-03-05 | 上海宝钢铸造有限公司 | Hollow cast iron chilling block |
| CN203725698U (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-07-23 | 二重集团（德阳）重型装备股份有限公司 | External chill device adopting cross-ventilation cooling for cast piece |
-
2015
- 2015-01-22 CN CN201510033399.8A patent/CN104550874B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2360392A (en) * | 1942-12-21 | 1944-10-17 | Ohio Steel Foundry Co | External chill means for metal castings |
| CN201603855U (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2010-10-13 | 辽宁隆达集团百星达铸造有限责任公司 | Mosaic composite iron chill |
| CN102274942A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2011-12-14 | 江苏技术师范学院 | Indirect chilling block and processing and positioning methods thereof |
| CN203459647U (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-03-05 | 上海宝钢铸造有限公司 | Hollow cast iron chilling block |
| CN203725698U (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-07-23 | 二重集团（德阳）重型装备股份有限公司 | External chill device adopting cross-ventilation cooling for cast piece |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104550874A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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